ISO 16000-28:2020
(Main)Indoor air — Part 28: Determination of odour emissions from building products using test chambers
Indoor air — Part 28: Determination of odour emissions from building products using test chambers
This document specifies a laboratory test method using test chambers defined in ISO 16000-9 and further specified in EN 16516 and evaluation procedures for the determination of odours emitted from building products and materials. Sampling, transport and storage of materials under test, as well as preparation of test specimens are described in ISO 16000-11 and further specified in EN 16516.
Air intérieur — Partie 28: Détermination des émissions d'odeurs des produits de construction au moyen de chambres d'essai
Le présent document spécifie une méthode d'essai en laboratoire utilisant les chambres d'essai définies dans l'ISO 16000‑9 et précisées dans l'EN 16516 ainsi que des modes opératoires d'évaluation pour déterminer les odeurs émises par des produits et matériaux de construction. L'échantillonnage, le transport et le stockage des matériaux soumis à essai, ainsi que la préparation des éprouvettes d'essai, sont décrits dans l'ISO 16000‑11 et précisés dans l'EN 16516.
Notranji zrak - 28. del: Določevanje emisij vonjav iz gradbenih proizvodov s preskusno komoro
General Information
Relations
Buy Standard
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST ISO 16000-28:2021
01-maj-2021
Nadomešča:
SIST ISO 16000-28:2013
Notranji zrak - 28. del: Določevanje emisij vonjav iz gradbenih proizvodov s
preskusno komoro
Indoor air - Part 28: Determination of odour emissions from building products using test
chambers
Air intérieur- Partie 28: Détermination des émissions d'odeurs des produits de
construction au moyen de chambres d'essai
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: ISO 16000-28:2020
ICS:
13.040.20 Kakovost okoljskega zraka Ambient atmospheres
SIST ISO 16000-28:2021 en,fr
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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SIST ISO 16000-28:2021
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SIST ISO 16000-28:2021
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 16000-28
Second edition
2020-11
Indoor air —
Part 28:
Determination of odour emissions
from building products using test
chambers
Air intérieur —
Partie 28: Détermination des émissions d'odeurs des produits de
construction au moyen de chambres d'essai
Reference number
ISO 16000-28:2020(E)
©
ISO 2020
---------------------- Page: 3 ----------------------
SIST ISO 16000-28:2021
ISO 16000-28:2020(E)
COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT
© ISO 2020
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting
on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address
below or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: +41 22 749 01 11
Email: copyright@iso.org
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2020 – All rights reserved
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SIST ISO 16000-28:2021
ISO 16000-28:2020(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .v
Introduction .vi
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Symbols and abbreviated terms . 3
5 Principle . 3
6 Test facilities . 3
6.1 General . 3
6.2 Test room and recovery room . 4
6.3 Odour sampling and assessment devices . 4
6.3.1 General. 4
6.3.2 Funnel . 4
6.3.3 Sample containers . 5
6.3.4 Sample presentation system . 5
6.4 Comparative scale . 5
6.4.1 General. 5
6.4.2 Set up of the comparative scale . 6
6.4.3 Check-up of the comparative scale . 7
6.4.4 Measurement of acetone concentration and calibration of the
measurement device . 7
7 Test requirements . 8
7.1 General . 8
7.2 Emission test chamber and test room background odour . 8
7.2.1 Background odour . 8
7.2.2 Test room conditions . . 8
7.2.3 Ventilation of the test room . 8
7.2.4 Recovery room conditions . 9
8 Odour testing from emission test chambers . 9
8.1 General . 9
8.2 Emission test chamber preparation . 9
8.3 Time of odour measurements . 9
8.4 Conditioning of sample containers . 9
8.5 Handling of sample containers . 9
9 Sensory odour panel and panel leader .10
9.1 Panel leader .10
9.1.1 General requirements for the panel leader .10
9.1.2 Additional requirements for the panel leader for perceived intensity
assessments .10
9.2 Panel selection .11
9.2.1 General requirements for panel selection.11
9.2.2 Additional requirements for the panel selection for perceived intensity
assessments .11
9.3 Code of conduct of the panel members .11
9.4 Correct procedure for determination of the panel size .12
9.5 Panel training .12
10 Sensory test methods and procedure .12
10.1 General .12
10.2 Procedure .12
10.3 Determination of acceptability .13
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10.4 Determination of the perceived intensity using a comparative scale .14
10.4.1 Comparative scale .14
10.4.2 Panel .14
10.4.3 Panel training .15
10.4.4 Procedure .15
10.5 Determination of the hedonic tone .16
11 Data analysis .17
11.1 Calculation of mean value and standard deviation.17
11.2 Accurace of sensory testing .18
12 Test report .18
Annex A (informative) Training procedure for the comparative scale .20
Annex B (informative) General conditions for sensory testing .24
Annex C (informative) Sampling containers (bags) and sampling and presentation device .29
Annex D (informative) Example for statistical data analysis .32
Bibliography .34
iv © ISO 2020 – All rights reserved
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SIST ISO 16000-28:2021
ISO 16000-28:2020(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www .iso .org/ directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www .iso .org/ patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to
the World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see
www .iso .org/ iso/ foreword .html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 146, Air quality, Subcommittee SC 6,
Indoor air.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 16000-28:2012), which has been
technically revised. The main changes compared to the previous edition are as follows:
— besides acceptability and perceived intensity, the hedonic tone is described as odour characteristic;
— a more detailed description of the comparative scale, including information on set-up, check-up and
calibration devices;
— recommendation on panel sizes for the different testing procedures (acceptability, perceived
intensity and hedonic tone);
— procedure in case of failing the confidence interval.
A list of all parts in the ISO 16000 series can be found on the ISO website.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www .iso .org/ members .html.
© ISO 2020 – All rights reserved v
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SIST ISO 16000-28:2021
ISO 16000-28:2020(E)
Introduction
Odour evaluation is a complementary method to the chemical testing of emissions from building
products and materials.
The determination of odour acceptability, intensity and hedonic tone of emissions from building
products and materials using test chambers has objectives such as:
— to provide manufacturers, builders and end users with data useful for the evaluation of the odour
impact of building products and materials on the indoor air quality;
— to promote the development of improved products.
The method can also be used for furnishings and consumer products. For this purpose, a suitable
exposure scenario (according to the reference room defined in EN 16516) needs to be defined.
vi © ISO 2020 – All rights reserved
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SIST ISO 16000-28:2021
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 16000-28:2020(E)
Indoor air —
Part 28:
Determination of odour emissions from building products
using test chambers
1 Scope
This document specifies a laboratory test method using test chambers defined in ISO 16000-9 and
further specified in EN 16516 and evaluation procedures for the determination of odours emitted from
building products and materials.
Sampling, transport and storage of materials under test, as well as preparation of test specimens are
described in ISO 16000-11 and further specified in EN 16516.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 16000-9, Indoor air — Part 9: Determination of the emission of volatile organic compounds from
building products and furnishing — Emission test chamber method
EN 16516, Construction products: Assessment of release of dangerous substances — Determination of
emissions into indoor air
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https:// www .iso .org/ obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at http:// www .electropedia .org/
3.1
acceptability
assessment of an odour emission into indoor air which can be ascertained according to a scale ranging
from “clearly acceptable” to “clearly unacceptable” set by value on a defined evaluation scale
3.2
anosmia
lack of sensitivity to some olfactory stimulus due to physiological defects, which is not reversible
3.3
building product
product for incorporation in a permanent manner in construction works
Note 1 to entry: A building product can be solid, liquid or combined (see ISO 16000-11).
© ISO 2020 – All rights reserved 1
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3.4
hedonic tone
odour (3.5) quality, which can be ascertained on a scale ranging from “extremely pleasant” to "extremely
unpleasant
3.5
odour
sensory attribute perceptible by the olfactory organ on sniffing certain volatile substances
3.6
odour sample
air sample collected from the test chamber outlet in containers and being tested for its odour (3.5)
3.7
background odours
odours (3.5) released by equipment or location that might disturb the test procedure
3.8
panel leader
person whose primary duties are to manage panel activities and recruit, train and monitor the assessors
3.9
panel member
person who is accepted to assess odours according to a defined method
Note 1 to entry: Depending on the method panel members may need to be trained.
3.10
perceived intensity
parameter to assess the strength of an odour based on a comparative scale
Note 1 to entry: See ISO 5492:2008, 2.8, 2.9 and 4.30.
3.11
recovery room
room where the panel members can recover and acclimatize before and between odour (3.5)
assessments
3.12
sample container
device for collection and transport of the odour (3.5) sample from the test chamber to the test room and
for presentation of the sample to the panel members (3.9)
3.13
sensory adaption
temporary modification of the sensitivity of a sense organ due to continued and/or repeated stimulation,
which is reversible
[SOURCE: see ISO 5492:2008, 2.6]
3.14
sensory odour panel
group of trained or untrained panel members (3.9) performing the sensory assessment of the odour
(3.5) emission from building products (3.3) or materials
[SOURCE: see ISO 5492:2008, 1.9]
3.15
test room
room where the odour (3.5) assessment takes place
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ISO 16000-28:2020(E)
3.16
test specimen
part of a sample specially prepared for emission testing in a test chamber in order to simulate the odour
(3.5) emission behaviour of the material or product being tested
4 Symbols and abbreviated terms
For the purposes of this document, the following symbols apply (see ISO 16000-9).
Symbol Meaning Unit
L product loading factor square metres per cubic metre
n air change rate changes per h
q area specific air flow rate (n/L) cubic metres per square metre and h
V,A
A surface area square metre
Π perceived intensity pi
q volumetric supply air flow rate cubic metres per h
V,c
For the purposes of this document, the following abbreviated terms apply.
PVF polyvinyl fluoride
PET polyethyleneterephthalate
rH relative humidity
VOC volatile organic compound
PAD photoacoustic detector
PID photo ionization detector
FID flame ionization detector
5 Principle
The odour emission from building products and materials is measured using a sensory odour panel. The
odour determination may be performed in parallel to chemical emission measurements in accordance
with ISO 16000-9 and further specified in EN 16516. The odour characteristics addressed in this part
of ISO 16000 are the acceptability, the perceived intensity and the hedonic tone. Depending on the
measurement task, these odour characteristics or a combination of those can be determined.
6 Test facilities
6.1 General
A facility designed and operated to determine odours emitted from building products and materials
consists of an emission test chamber containing the test specimen. The emission test chamber shall
contain a clean air generation and humidification system, an air mixing system and monitoring and
control systems to ensure that the test is performed to indicated conditions in accordance with
ISO 16000-9 and further specified in EN 16516.
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ISO 16000-28:2020(E)
The standard procedure for odour assessment is carried out by using sample containers (see 6.3.3).
Alternatively, direct assessment from the outlet of the emission test chamber is possible if sufficient air
flow is assured (see 6.3.1). In this case the outlet shall be fitted with a funnel.
NOTE Due to the requirements of 6.3.1 sufficient air flow is only possible if the following requirements are
3 −1
met: test chambers with more than 4,3 m volume at 0,5 h air change rate.
If the odour assessment is carried out directly from the outlet of the chamber, the chamber material
shall be non-transparent, or the chamber shall be covered in order to avoid the panel members being
influenced by visual recognition of the material in test.
The test room in which the sensory assessment is performed shall conform with the general
requirements described in 7.2. The panel members shall not be influenced by the working environment
(light, acoustics, background odours).
6.2 Test room and recovery room
The test room and the recovery room shall be odour neutral, sufficiently large and unobtrusively
designed. Contamination of the room air by any source, e.g. by coatings, wall and floor coverings,
furniture, shall be prevented. In preparation for sensory testing, the air in the test room and the
recovery room shall be assessed for acceptability or perceived intensity (7.2.1), and the requirements
set out in 7.2.2–7.2.4 shall be complied with.
6.3 Odour sampling and assessment devices
6.3.1 General
The odour sampling and assessment devices shall ensure that
— the air flow is sufficient to guarantee that the panel members inhale only sample air during the
assessment, and
— significant adsorption on the surfaces is avoided and the interface has no emissions of its own to
interfere with the sample air.
6.3.2 Funnel
The odour evaluation interface consists of a funnel, which is connected to the outlet of the sample
presentation system or to the outlet of the emission test chamber. The funnel and the inner surfaces
of the connection ducting shall be composed of glass or surface-treated (polished) stainless steel. The
air flow at the outlet from the funnel to the panel member shall be between 0,6 l/s to 1 l/s and shall
be constant for the duration of each test session. The design of the measurement funnel ensures that
no ambient air is sucked in and mixed with the sample air. An opening angle (both sides) of up to 12°
ensures a homogeneous outflow of sample air (see Figure 1). To prevent contamination of the test room
air, the excess air flow shall be extracted above the funnel.
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SIST ISO 16000-28:2021
ISO 16000-28:2020(E)
Figure 1 — Schematic of a standard funnel
6.3.3 Sample containers
The following materials are suitable to be used as a sample container:
1)
— polyethylene terephthalate (PET, Nalophane® );
2)
— polyvinyl fluoride (PVF, Tedlar® ).
All batches of container material shall be evaluated for unusual emissions/bachground odours before
first use. PVF/Tedlar® containers need to be conditioned before first use, see 8.4 and Annex C.
Sample containers made of PET shall not be reused.
Other container materials may be used if the performance is tested according to Annex C.
6.3.4 Sample presentation system
A sample presentation system is a device designed for providing odour samples from the sample
containers to the interface (funnel) for odour testing. The size of the sample presentation system is
based on the size of the sample containers. The system shall be designed to minimise influence on the
odour samples and test room conditions. Any parts in direct contact with the odour sample shall be
made from glass, polished stainless steel or polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE).
NOTE For an example of a suitable sample presentation system see Annex C.
6.4 Comparative scale
6.4.1 General
A comparative scale offers at least six different reference stimuli by means of presentation funnels. The
reference odorant is acetone (quality grade ≥99,8 %). The comparative scale is made up of three basic
parts: clean air ducts, acetone source and dosing device. Only materials of very low odour emission and
®
1) Nalophan is the trade name of a product of Kalle Nalo GmbH. This information is given for the convenience of
users of this document and does not constitute an endorsement by ISO of the product named. Equivalent products
may be used if they can be shown to lead to the same results.
®
2) Tedlar is the trade name of a product. This information is given for the convenience of users of this document
and does not constitute an endorsement by ISO of the product named. Equivalent products may be used if they can
be shown to lead to the same results.
© ISO 2020 – All rights reserved 5
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SIST ISO 16000-28:2021
ISO 16000-28:2020(E)
absorption, such as glass, polished stainless steel or polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) shall be employed
for the parts that come in contact with sample air to avoid influencing the stimuli. The background
odour of the comparative scale, (i.e. the comparative scale is operated with supply air), must not exceed
the requirements in Table 1 (see 7.2.1).
The flow rate and the concentration of the reference odorant shall be constant both over time as well as
locally within the funnel outlet and independent of the ambient conditions. The flow rate at the outlet of
the funnel shall be between 0,6 l/s and 1,0 l/s and shall be constant for the duration of each test session.
The funnels shall meet the requirements of 6.3.2. The relative humidity and the temperature of the
mixture of air and reference odorant shall be kept constant and shall meet the requirements for the test
chamber 23 °C and 50 % RH (±3 K and ±10 % rH). A schematic of a possible comparative scale is given
in Figure 2.
6.4.2 Set up of the comparative scale
The comparative scale is connected to a supply of odour-neutral air. To cover the whole intensity
perception range of indoor od
...
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 16000-28
Second edition
2020-11
Indoor air —
Part 28:
Determination of odour emissions
from building products using test
chambers
Air intérieur —
Partie 28: Détermination des émissions d'odeurs des produits de
construction au moyen de chambres d'essai
Reference number
ISO 16000-28:2020(E)
©
ISO 2020
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
ISO 16000-28:2020(E)
COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT
© ISO 2020
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting
on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address
below or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: +41 22 749 01 11
Email: copyright@iso.org
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2020 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 2 ----------------------
ISO 16000-28:2020(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .v
Introduction .vi
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Symbols and abbreviated terms . 3
5 Principle . 3
6 Test facilities . 3
6.1 General . 3
6.2 Test room and recovery room . 4
6.3 Odour sampling and assessment devices . 4
6.3.1 General. 4
6.3.2 Funnel . 4
6.3.3 Sample containers . 5
6.3.4 Sample presentation system . 5
6.4 Comparative scale . 5
6.4.1 General. 5
6.4.2 Set up of the comparative scale . 6
6.4.3 Check-up of the comparative scale . 7
6.4.4 Measurement of acetone concentration and calibration of the
measurement device . 7
7 Test requirements . 8
7.1 General . 8
7.2 Emission test chamber and test room background odour . 8
7.2.1 Background odour . 8
7.2.2 Test room conditions . . 8
7.2.3 Ventilation of the test room . 8
7.2.4 Recovery room conditions . 9
8 Odour testing from emission test chambers . 9
8.1 General . 9
8.2 Emission test chamber preparation . 9
8.3 Time of odour measurements . 9
8.4 Conditioning of sample containers . 9
8.5 Handling of sample containers . 9
9 Sensory odour panel and panel leader .10
9.1 Panel leader .10
9.1.1 General requirements for the panel leader .10
9.1.2 Additional requirements for the panel leader for perceived intensity
assessments .10
9.2 Panel selection .11
9.2.1 General requirements for panel selection.11
9.2.2 Additional requirements for the panel selection for perceived intensity
assessments .11
9.3 Code of conduct of the panel members .11
9.4 Correct procedure for determination of the panel size .12
9.5 Panel training .12
10 Sensory test methods and procedure .12
10.1 General .12
10.2 Procedure .12
10.3 Determination of acceptability .13
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ISO 16000-28:2020(E)
10.4 Determination of the perceived intensity using a comparative scale .14
10.4.1 Comparative scale .14
10.4.2 Panel .14
10.4.3 Panel training .15
10.4.4 Procedure .15
10.5 Determination of the hedonic tone .16
11 Data analysis .17
11.1 Calculation of mean value and standard deviation.17
11.2 Accurace of sensory testing .18
12 Test report .18
Annex A (informative) Training procedure for the comparative scale .20
Annex B (informative) General conditions for sensory testing .24
Annex C (informative) Sampling containers (bags) and sampling and presentation device .29
Annex D (informative) Example for statistical data analysis .32
Bibliography .34
iv © ISO 2020 – All rights reserved
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ISO 16000-28:2020(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www .iso .org/ directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www .iso .org/ patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to
the World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see
www .iso .org/ iso/ foreword .html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 146, Air quality, Subcommittee SC 6,
Indoor air.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 16000-28:2012), which has been
technically revised. The main changes compared to the previous edition are as follows:
— besides acceptability and perceived intensity, the hedonic tone is described as odour characteristic;
— a more detailed description of the comparative scale, including information on set-up, check-up and
calibration devices;
— recommendation on panel sizes for the different testing procedures (acceptability, perceived
intensity and hedonic tone);
— procedure in case of failing the confidence interval.
A list of all parts in the ISO 16000 series can be found on the ISO website.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www .iso .org/ members .html.
© ISO 2020 – All rights reserved v
---------------------- Page: 5 ----------------------
ISO 16000-28:2020(E)
Introduction
Odour evaluation is a complementary method to the chemical testing of emissions from building
products and materials.
The determination of odour acceptability, intensity and hedonic tone of emissions from building
products and materials using test chambers has objectives such as:
— to provide manufacturers, builders and end users with data useful for the evaluation of the odour
impact of building products and materials on the indoor air quality;
— to promote the development of improved products.
The method can also be used for furnishings and consumer products. For this purpose, a suitable
exposure scenario (according to the reference room defined in EN 16516) needs to be defined.
vi © ISO 2020 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 6 ----------------------
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 16000-28:2020(E)
Indoor air —
Part 28:
Determination of odour emissions from building products
using test chambers
1 Scope
This document specifies a laboratory test method using test chambers defined in ISO 16000-9 and
further specified in EN 16516 and evaluation procedures for the determination of odours emitted from
building products and materials.
Sampling, transport and storage of materials under test, as well as preparation of test specimens are
described in ISO 16000-11 and further specified in EN 16516.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 16000-9, Indoor air — Part 9: Determination of the emission of volatile organic compounds from
building products and furnishing — Emission test chamber method
EN 16516, Construction products: Assessment of release of dangerous substances — Determination of
emissions into indoor air
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https:// www .iso .org/ obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at http:// www .electropedia .org/
3.1
acceptability
assessment of an odour emission into indoor air which can be ascertained according to a scale ranging
from “clearly acceptable” to “clearly unacceptable” set by value on a defined evaluation scale
3.2
anosmia
lack of sensitivity to some olfactory stimulus due to physiological defects, which is not reversible
3.3
building product
product for incorporation in a permanent manner in construction works
Note 1 to entry: A building product can be solid, liquid or combined (see ISO 16000-11).
© ISO 2020 – All rights reserved 1
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ISO 16000-28:2020(E)
3.4
hedonic tone
odour (3.5) quality, which can be ascertained on a scale ranging from “extremely pleasant” to "extremely
unpleasant
3.5
odour
sensory attribute perceptible by the olfactory organ on sniffing certain volatile substances
3.6
odour sample
air sample collected from the test chamber outlet in containers and being tested for its odour (3.5)
3.7
background odours
odours (3.5) released by equipment or location that might disturb the test procedure
3.8
panel leader
person whose primary duties are to manage panel activities and recruit, train and monitor the assessors
3.9
panel member
person who is accepted to assess odours according to a defined method
Note 1 to entry: Depending on the method panel members may need to be trained.
3.10
perceived intensity
parameter to assess the strength of an odour based on a comparative scale
Note 1 to entry: See ISO 5492:2008, 2.8, 2.9 and 4.30.
3.11
recovery room
room where the panel members can recover and acclimatize before and between odour (3.5)
assessments
3.12
sample container
device for collection and transport of the odour (3.5) sample from the test chamber to the test room and
for presentation of the sample to the panel members (3.9)
3.13
sensory adaption
temporary modification of the sensitivity of a sense organ due to continued and/or repeated stimulation,
which is reversible
[SOURCE: see ISO 5492:2008, 2.6]
3.14
sensory odour panel
group of trained or untrained panel members (3.9) performing the sensory assessment of the odour
(3.5) emission from building products (3.3) or materials
[SOURCE: see ISO 5492:2008, 1.9]
3.15
test room
room where the odour (3.5) assessment takes place
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ISO 16000-28:2020(E)
3.16
test specimen
part of a sample specially prepared for emission testing in a test chamber in order to simulate the odour
(3.5) emission behaviour of the material or product being tested
4 Symbols and abbreviated terms
For the purposes of this document, the following symbols apply (see ISO 16000-9).
Symbol Meaning Unit
L product loading factor square metres per cubic metre
n air change rate changes per h
q area specific air flow rate (n/L) cubic metres per square metre and h
V,A
A surface area square metre
Π perceived intensity pi
q volumetric supply air flow rate cubic metres per h
V,c
For the purposes of this document, the following abbreviated terms apply.
PVF polyvinyl fluoride
PET polyethyleneterephthalate
rH relative humidity
VOC volatile organic compound
PAD photoacoustic detector
PID photo ionization detector
FID flame ionization detector
5 Principle
The odour emission from building products and materials is measured using a sensory odour panel. The
odour determination may be performed in parallel to chemical emission measurements in accordance
with ISO 16000-9 and further specified in EN 16516. The odour characteristics addressed in this part
of ISO 16000 are the acceptability, the perceived intensity and the hedonic tone. Depending on the
measurement task, these odour characteristics or a combination of those can be determined.
6 Test facilities
6.1 General
A facility designed and operated to determine odours emitted from building products and materials
consists of an emission test chamber containing the test specimen. The emission test chamber shall
contain a clean air generation and humidification system, an air mixing system and monitoring and
control systems to ensure that the test is performed to indicated conditions in accordance with
ISO 16000-9 and further specified in EN 16516.
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ISO 16000-28:2020(E)
The standard procedure for odour assessment is carried out by using sample containers (see 6.3.3).
Alternatively, direct assessment from the outlet of the emission test chamber is possible if sufficient air
flow is assured (see 6.3.1). In this case the outlet shall be fitted with a funnel.
NOTE Due to the requirements of 6.3.1 sufficient air flow is only possible if the following requirements are
3 −1
met: test chambers with more than 4,3 m volume at 0,5 h air change rate.
If the odour assessment is carried out directly from the outlet of the chamber, the chamber material
shall be non-transparent, or the chamber shall be covered in order to avoid the panel members being
influenced by visual recognition of the material in test.
The test room in which the sensory assessment is performed shall conform with the general
requirements described in 7.2. The panel members shall not be influenced by the working environment
(light, acoustics, background odours).
6.2 Test room and recovery room
The test room and the recovery room shall be odour neutral, sufficiently large and unobtrusively
designed. Contamination of the room air by any source, e.g. by coatings, wall and floor coverings,
furniture, shall be prevented. In preparation for sensory testing, the air in the test room and the
recovery room shall be assessed for acceptability or perceived intensity (7.2.1), and the requirements
set out in 7.2.2–7.2.4 shall be complied with.
6.3 Odour sampling and assessment devices
6.3.1 General
The odour sampling and assessment devices shall ensure that
— the air flow is sufficient to guarantee that the panel members inhale only sample air during the
assessment, and
— significant adsorption on the surfaces is avoided and the interface has no emissions of its own to
interfere with the sample air.
6.3.2 Funnel
The odour evaluation interface consists of a funnel, which is connected to the outlet of the sample
presentation system or to the outlet of the emission test chamber. The funnel and the inner surfaces
of the connection ducting shall be composed of glass or surface-treated (polished) stainless steel. The
air flow at the outlet from the funnel to the panel member shall be between 0,6 l/s to 1 l/s and shall
be constant for the duration of each test session. The design of the measurement funnel ensures that
no ambient air is sucked in and mixed with the sample air. An opening angle (both sides) of up to 12°
ensures a homogeneous outflow of sample air (see Figure 1). To prevent contamination of the test room
air, the excess air flow shall be extracted above the funnel.
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ISO 16000-28:2020(E)
Figure 1 — Schematic of a standard funnel
6.3.3 Sample containers
The following materials are suitable to be used as a sample container:
1)
— polyethylene terephthalate (PET, Nalophane® );
2)
— polyvinyl fluoride (PVF, Tedlar® ).
All batches of container material shall be evaluated for unusual emissions/bachground odours before
first use. PVF/Tedlar® containers need to be conditioned before first use, see 8.4 and Annex C.
Sample containers made of PET shall not be reused.
Other container materials may be used if the performance is tested according to Annex C.
6.3.4 Sample presentation system
A sample presentation system is a device designed for providing odour samples from the sample
containers to the interface (funnel) for odour testing. The size of the sample presentation system is
based on the size of the sample containers. The system shall be designed to minimise influence on the
odour samples and test room conditions. Any parts in direct contact with the odour sample shall be
made from glass, polished stainless steel or polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE).
NOTE For an example of a suitable sample presentation system see Annex C.
6.4 Comparative scale
6.4.1 General
A comparative scale offers at least six different reference stimuli by means of presentation funnels. The
reference odorant is acetone (quality grade ≥99,8 %). The comparative scale is made up of three basic
parts: clean air ducts, acetone source and dosing device. Only materials of very low odour emission and
®
1) Nalophan is the trade name of a product of Kalle Nalo GmbH. This information is given for the convenience of
users of this document and does not constitute an endorsement by ISO of the product named. Equivalent products
may be used if they can be shown to lead to the same results.
®
2) Tedlar is the trade name of a product. This information is given for the convenience of users of this document
and does not constitute an endorsement by ISO of the product named. Equivalent products may be used if they can
be shown to lead to the same results.
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ISO 16000-28:2020(E)
absorption, such as glass, polished stainless steel or polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) shall be employed
for the parts that come in contact with sample air to avoid influencing the stimuli. The background
odour of the comparative scale, (i.e. the comparative scale is operated with supply air), must not exceed
the requirements in Table 1 (see 7.2.1).
The flow rate and the concentration of the reference odorant shall be constant both over time as well as
locally within the funnel outlet and independent of the ambient conditions. The flow rate at the outlet of
the funnel shall be between 0,6 l/s and 1,0 l/s and shall be constant for the duration of each test session.
The funnels shall meet the requirements of 6.3.2. The relative humidity and the temperature of the
mixture of air and reference odorant shall be kept constant and shall meet the requirements for the test
chamber 23 °C and 50 % RH (±3 K and ±10 % rH). A schematic of a possible comparative scale is given
in Figure 2.
6.4.2 Set up of the comparative scale
The comparative scale is connected to a supply of odour-neutral air. To cover the whole intensity
perception range of indoor odour samples the comparative scale shall be made of at least the six fixed
levels 0 pi, 3 pi, 6 pi, 9 pi, 12 pi, 15 pi. The test setup shall also provide neutral air to the panel members.
The presented concentrations shall be kept constant over the total measurement period. Between 0 and
3
10 pi, a maximum deviation of ±10 mg/m (±0,5 pi) is acceptable. From 10 pi on, a maximum deviation
3
of ±20 mg/m (±1 pi) is acceptable.
The scale levels of the comparative scale are defined by the following frame conditions:
3
— 0 pi is assigned to an acetone concentration of 20 mg/m ;
— the concentrations for 1 pi to 20 pi can be derived by means of a linear graduation of the acetone
3
concentrations, i.e. an increase of 20 mg/m corresponds to an increase of 1 pi;
3
— 15 pi correspond to an acetone concentration of 320 mg/m . If necessary, the scale can be extended
3
upward. Linearity is shown up to 380 mg/m by [37], [38]. National occupational exposure limits
shall be considered.
NOTE 2 All concentrations refer to a temperature of 23 °C and 50 % RH (±3 K and ±10 % rH
...
NORME ISO
INTERNATIONALE 16000-28
Deuxième édition
2020-11
Air intérieur —
Partie 28:
Détermination des émissions d'odeurs
des produits de construction au
moyen de chambres d'essai
Indoor air —
Part 28: Determination of odour emissions from building products
using test chambers
Numéro de référence
ISO 16000-28:2020(F)
©
ISO 2020
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ISO 16000-28:2020(F)
DOCUMENT PROTÉGÉ PAR COPYRIGHT
© ISO 2020
Tous droits réservés. Sauf prescription différente ou nécessité dans le contexte de sa mise en œuvre, aucune partie de cette
publication ne peut être reproduite ni utilisée sous quelque forme que ce soit et par aucun procédé, électronique ou mécanique,
y compris la photocopie, ou la diffusion sur l’internet ou sur un intranet, sans autorisation écrite préalable. Une autorisation peut
être demandée à l’ISO à l’adresse ci-après ou au comité membre de l’ISO dans le pays du demandeur.
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Publié en Suisse
ii © ISO 2020 – Tous droits réservés
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ISO 16000-28:2020(F)
Sommaire Page
Avant-propos .v
Introduction .vi
1 Domaine d’application . 1
2 Références normatives . 1
3 Termes et définitions . 1
4 Symboles et abréviations . 3
5 Principe . 3
6 Installations d’essai . 4
6.1 Généralités . 4
6.2 Pièce d’essai et pièce de repos . . 4
6.3 Dispositifs d’échantillonnage et d’évaluation de l’odeur . 4
6.3.1 Généralités . 4
6.3.2 Diffuseur . 4
6.3.3 Récipients d’échantillonnage . 5
6.3.4 Système de présentation des échantillons . 5
6.4 Échelle comparative . 6
6.4.1 Généralités . 6
6.4.2 Réglage de l’échelle comparative . 6
6.4.3 Contrôle de l’échelle comparative . 7
6.4.4 Mesurage de la concentration en acétone et étalonnage du dispositif de mesure . 7
7 Exigences d’essai . 8
7.1 Généralités . 8
7.2 Odeur intrinsèque de la chambre d’essai d’émission et de la pièce d’essai . 8
7.2.1 Odeur intrinsèque . 8
7.2.2 Conditions de la pièce d’essai . 8
7.2.3 Ventilation de la pièce d’essai . 9
7.2.4 Conditions de la pièce de repos . 9
8 Essais olfactifs depuis les chambres d’essai d’émission . 9
8.1 Généralités . 9
8.2 Préparation de la chambre d’essai d’émission . 9
8.3 Période des mesurages d’odeur . 9
8.4 Conditionnement des récipients d’échantillonnage . 9
8.5 Manipulation des récipients d’échantillonnage .10
9 Jury olfactif et responsable du jury .10
9.1 Responsable du jury .10
9.1.1 Exigences générales relatives au responsable du jury .10
9.1.2 Exigences supplémentaires relatives au responsable du jury concernant
les évaluations de l’intensité perçue .11
9.2 Sélection du jury .11
9.2.1 Exigences générales relatives à la sélection du jury .11
9.2.2 Exigences supplémentaires relatives à la sélection du jury concernant
les évaluations de l’intensité perçue .11
9.3 Code de déontologie des membres du jury .12
9.4 Mode opératoire correct pour l’évaluation de la taille du jury.12
9.5 Formation du jury.12
10 Méthodes d’essai sensoriel et mode opératoire .12
10.1 Généralités .12
10.2 Mode opératoire .12
10.3 Détermination de l’acceptabilité .13
10.4 Détermination de l’intensité perçue à l’aide d’une échelle comparative .15
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ISO 16000-28:2020(F)
10.4.1 Échelle comparative .15
10.4.2 Jury . .15
10.4.3 Formation du jury .15
10.4.4 Mode opératoire .15
10.5 Détermination de la tonalité hédonique .16
11 Analyse des données.17
11.1 Calcul de la valeur moyenne et de l’écart-type .17
11.2 Exactitude des essais sensoriels .18
12 Rapport d’essai .19
Annexe A (informative) Mode opératoire de formation à l’échelle comparative .21
Annexe B (informative) Conditions générales applicables aux essais sensoriels .25
Annexe C (informative) Récipients d’échantillonnage (sacs) et dispositif d’échantillonnage
et de présentation .30
Annexe D (informative) Exemple d’analyse des données statistiques .33
Bibliographie .35
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ISO 16000-28:2020(F)
Avant-propos
L’ISO (Organisation internationale de normalisation) est une fédération mondiale d’organismes
nationaux de normalisation (comités membres de l’ISO). L’élaboration des Normes internationales est
en général confiée aux comités techniques de l’ISO. Chaque comité membre intéressé par une étude
a le droit de faire partie du comité technique créé à cet effet. Les organisations internationales,
gouvernementales et non gouvernementales, en liaison avec l’ISO participent également aux travaux.
L’ISO collabore étroitement avec la Commission électrotechnique internationale (IEC) en ce qui
concerne la normalisation électrotechnique.
Les procédures utilisées pour élaborer le présent document et celles destinées à sa mise à jour sont
décrites dans les Directives ISO/IEC, Partie 1. Il convient, en particulier de prendre note des différents
critères d’approbation requis pour les différents types de documents ISO. Le présent document a été
rédigé conformément aux règles de rédaction données dans les Directives ISO/IEC, Partie 2 (voir www
.iso .org/ directives).
L’attention est appelée sur le fait que certains des éléments du présent document peuvent faire l’objet de
droits de propriété intellectuelle ou de droits analogues. L’ISO ne saurait être tenue pour responsable
de ne pas avoir identifié de tels droits de propriété et averti de leur existence. Les détails concernant
les références aux droits de propriété intellectuelle ou autres droits analogues identifiés lors de
l’élaboration du document sont indiqués dans l’Introduction et/ou dans la liste des déclarations de
brevets rédigées par l’ISO (voir www .iso .org/ brevets).
Les appellations commerciales éventuellement mentionnées dans le présent document sont données
pour information, par souci de commodité, à l’intention des utilisateurs et ne sauraient constituer un
engagement.
Pour une explication de la nature volontaire des normes, de la signification des termes et expressions
spécifiques de l’ISO liés à l’évaluation de la conformité, ou pour toute autre information au sujet de
l’adhésion de l’ISO aux principes de l’Organisation mondiale du commerce (OMC) concernant les
obstacles techniques au commerce (OTC) voir le lien suivant: www .iso .org/ iso/ fr/ avant -propos .html.
Le présent document a été élaboré par le comité technique ISO/TC 146, Qualité de l’air, sous-comité SC 6,
Air intérieur.
Cette deuxième édition annule et remplace la première édition (ISO 16000-28:2012), qui a fait l’objet
d’une révision technique. Les principales modifications par rapport à l’édition précédente sont les
suivantes:
— outre l’acceptabilité et l’intensité perçue, la tonalité hédonique est décrite comme une caractéristique
olfactive;
— une description plus détaillée de l’échelle comparative, y compris des informations sur le réglage, le
contrôle et les dispositifs d’étalonnage;
— des recommandations sur les tailles du jury pour les différents modes opératoires d’essai
(acceptabilité, intensité perçue et tonalité hédonique);
— le mode opératoire en cas de non-respect de l’intervalle de confiance.
Une liste de toutes les parties de la série ISO 16000 se trouve sur le site web de l’ISO.
Il convient que l’utilisateur adresse tout retour d’information ou toute question concernant le présent
document à l’organisme national de normalisation de son pays. Une liste exhaustive desdits organismes
se trouve à l’adresse www .iso .org/ members .html.
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ISO 16000-28:2020(F)
Introduction
L’évaluation des odeurs fait l’objet d’une méthode d’essai en complément des essais chimiques des
émissions de produits et matériaux de construction.
La détermination de l’acceptabilité, de l’intensité et de la tonalité hédonique de l’odeur des émissions de
produits et matériaux de construction au moyen de chambres d’essai a pour objectif:
— de fournir aux fabricants, constructeurs et utilisateurs finaux des informations utiles pour évaluer
l’impact olfactif des produits et matériaux de construction sur la qualité de l’air intérieur;
— de favoriser le développement de produits de meilleure qualité.
Cette méthode peut également être utilisée pour le mobilier et les produits de consommation. Pour
cela, un scénario d’exposition approprié (utilisant la chambre de référence définie dans l’EN 16516)
doit être défini.
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NORME INTERNATIONALE ISO 16000-28:2020(F)
Air intérieur —
Partie 28:
Détermination des émissions d'odeurs des produits de
construction au moyen de chambres d'essai
1 Domaine d’application
Le présent document spécifie une méthode d’essai en laboratoire utilisant les chambres d’essai définies
dans l’ISO 16000-9 et précisées dans l’EN 16516 ainsi que des modes opératoires d’évaluation pour
déterminer les odeurs émises par des produits et matériaux de construction.
L’échantillonnage, le transport et le stockage des matériaux soumis à essai, ainsi que la préparation des
éprouvettes d’essai, sont décrits dans l’ISO 16000-11 et précisés dans l’EN 16516.
2 Références normatives
Les documents suivants sont cités dans le texte de sorte qu’ils constituent, pour tout ou partie de leur
contenu, des exigences du présent document. Pour les références datées, seule l’édition citée s’applique.
Pour les références non datées, la dernière édition du document de référence s’applique (y compris les
éventuels amendements).
ISO 16000-9, Air intérieur — Partie 9: Dosage de l'émission de composés organiques volatils de produits de
construction et d'objets d'équipement — Méthode de la chambre d'essai d'émission
EN 16516, Produits de construction: Évaluation de l’émission de substances dangereuses — Détermination
des émissions dans l’air intérieur
3 Termes et définitions
Pour les besoins du présent document, les termes et définitions suivants s’appliquent.
L’ISO et l’IEC tiennent à jour des bases de données terminologiques destinées à être utilisées en
normalisation, consultables aux adresses suivantes:
— ISO Online browsing platform: disponible à l’adresse https:// www .iso .org/ obp
— IEC Electropedia: disponible à l’adresse http:// www .electropedia .org/
3.1
acceptabilité
évaluation d’une émission d’odeurs dans l’air intérieur qui peut être estimée sur une échelle allant
de «clairement acceptable» à «clairement inacceptable», sous la forme d’une valeur sur une échelle
d’évaluation définie
3.2
anosmie
perte de sensibilité irréversible à certains stimuli olfactifs, due à des troubles physiologiques
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ISO 16000-28:2020(F)
3.3
produit de construction
produit destiné à être incorporé de manière permanente dans des ouvrages de construction
Note 1 à l'article: Un produit de construction peut être solide, liquide ou combiné (voir l’ISO 16000-11).
3.4
tonalité hédonique
qualité olfactive (3.5) qui peut être estimée sur une échelle allant de «extrêmement plaisante» à
«extrêmement déplaisante»
3.5
odeur
attribut sensoriel perceptible par l’organe olfactif en inspirant certaines substances volatiles
3.6
échantillon d’odeur
échantillon d’air prélevé dans des récipients à la sortie de la chambre d’essai et soumis à un essai
olfactif (3.5)
3.7
odeurs intrinsèques
odeurs (3.5) dégagées par l’équipement ou l’emplacement susceptibles de perturber le mode
opératoire d’essai
3.8
responsable du jury
personne chargée principalement de gérer les activités du jury ainsi que de recruter, former et surveiller
les sujets
3.9
membre du jury
personne choisie pour évaluer les odeurs selon une méthode définie
Note 1 à l'article: En fonction de la méthode, il peut être nécessaire de former les membres du jury.
3.10
intensité perçue
paramètre permettant d’évaluer l’intensité d’une odeur selon une échelle comparative
Note 1 à l'article: Voir l’ISO 5492:2008, 2.8, 2.9 et 4.30.
3.11
pièce de repos
pièce dans laquelle les membres du jury peuvent se reposer et s’acclimater avant et entre les évaluations
olfactives (3.5)
3.12
récipient d’échantillonnage
dispositif utilisé pour collecter et transporter l’échantillon d’odeur (3.5) de la chambre d’essai à la pièce
d’essai et pour présenter l’échantillon aux membres du jury (3.9)
3.13
adaptation sensorielle
modification temporaire réversible de l’acuité d’un organe sensoriel à la suite d’une stimulation
continue et/ou répétée
[SOURCE: voir l’ISO 5492:2008, 2.6]
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ISO 16000-28:2020(F)
3.14
jury olfactif
groupe de membres du jury (3.9) formés ou non, chargé de l’évaluation sensorielle de émissions d’odeurs
(3.5) provenant de produits de construction (3.3) ou de matériaux de construction
[SOURCE: voir l’ISO 5492:2008, 1.9]
3.15
pièce d’essai
pièce dans laquelle se déroule l’évaluation olfactive (3.5)
3.16
éprouvette d’essai
partie d’un échantillon spécialement préparée en vue des essais d’émissions conduits dans une chambre
d’essai afin de reproduire le comportement du matériau ou du produit soumis à l’essai d’émission
d’odeurs (3.5)
4 Symboles et abréviations
Pour les besoins du présent document, les symboles suivants s’appliquent (voir l’ISO 16000-9).
Symbole Signification Unité
L facteur de charge du produit mètres carrés par mètre cube
n taux de renouvellement d’air renouvellements par heure
q débit d’air spécifique par unité de surface (n/L) mètres cubes par mètre carré et par heure
V,A
A aire de la surface mètre carré
Π intensité perçue pi
q débit volumétrique d’air d’alimentation mètres cubes par heure
V,c
Pour les besoins du présent document, les abréviations suivantes s’appliquent.
PVF poly(fluorure de vinyle)
PET polyéthylène téréphtalate
HR humidité relative
COV composé organique volatil
DPA détecteur photo-acoustique
DPI détecteur à photo-ionisation
DIF détecteur à ionisation de flamme
5 Principe
Les émissions d’odeurs des produits et matériaux de construction sont mesurées à l’aide d’un jury
olfactif. La détermination des odeurs peut être effectuée parallèlement aux mesurages des émissions
chimiques réalisés conformément à l’ISO 16000-9 et précisés dans l’EN 16516. Les caractéristiques
olfactives traitées par la présente partie de l’ISO 16000 sont l’acceptabilité, l’intensité perçue et la
tonalité hédonique. Ces caractéristiques olfactives ou une combinaison de ces trois caractéristiques
peuvent être déterminées en fonction de la tâche de mesure.
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ISO 16000-28:2020(F)
6 Installations d’essai
6.1 Généralités
Une installation conçue et utilisée pour déterminer les odeurs émises par les produits et matériaux
de construction comprend une chambre d’essai d’émission contenant l’éprouvette d’essai. La chambre
d’essai d’émission doit contenir un système d’humidification et de production d’air propre, un système
de mélange d’air ainsi que des systèmes de contrôle et de surveillance pour s’assurer que l’essai est
réalisé dans les conditions spécifiées dans l’ISO 16000-9 et précisés dans l’EN 16516.
Le mode opératoire normalisé pour l’évaluation olfactive est appliqué en utilisant des récipients
d’échantillonnage (voir 6.3.3). Il est également possible de réaliser une évaluation directe depuis la
sortie de la chambre d’essai d’émission si un débit d’air suffisant est assuré (voir 6.3.1). Dans ce cas, la
sortie doit être équipée d’un diffuseur.
NOTE En raison des exigences mentionnées en 6.3.1, un débit d’air suffisant est uniquement possible si les
3
exigences suivantes sont satisfaites pour les chambres d’essai d’un volume supérieur à 4,3 m avec un taux de
−1
renouvellement d’air de 0,5 h .
Si l’évaluation de l’odeur est effectuée directement à la sortie de la chambre, cette dernière doit être
constituée d’un matériau non transparent ou doit être recouverte afin que les membres du jury ne
soient pas influencés par reconnaissance visuelle du matériau soumis à essai.
La pièce d’essai dans laquelle l’évaluation sensorielle est effectuée doit satisfaire aux exigences
générales décrites en 7.2. Les membres du jury ne doivent pas être influencés par l’environnement de
travail (lumière, acoustique, odeurs intrinsèques).
6.2 Pièce d’essai et pièce de repos
La pièce d’essai et la pièce de repos doivent être inodores, suffisamment grandes et avoir un design
discret. La contamination de l’air ambiant par une source quelconque, par exemple les revêtements
muraux et les revêtements de sol, les meubles, doit être évitée. En prévision des essais sensoriels, l’air
présent dans la pièce d’essai et dans la pièce de repos doit être évalué en termes d’acceptabilité ou
d’intensité perçue (7.2.1), et les exigences mentionnées en 7.2.2 à 7.2.4 doivent être satisfaites.
6.3 Dispositifs d’échantillonnage et d’évaluation de l’odeur
6.3.1 Généralités
Les dispositifs d’échantillonnage et d’évaluation de l’odeur doivent garantir:
— que le débit d’air est suffisant pour que les membres du jury inhalent uniquement l’air
d’échantillonnage pendant l’évaluation, et
— qu’une adsorption significative sur les surfaces est évitée et que l’interface ne contient aucune
émission interférant avec l’air d’échantillonnage.
6.3.2 Diffuseur
L’interface d’évaluation de l’odeur comprend un diffuseur raccordé à la sortie du système de présentation
des échantillons ou à la sortie de la chambre d’essai d’émission. Le diffuseur et les surfaces internes
de la conduite de raccordement doivent être constitués de verre ou d’acier inoxydable (poli) à surface
traitée. Le débit d’air à la sortie du diffuseur jusqu’au membre du jury doit être compris entre 0,6 l/s et
1 l/s et doit être constant pendant toute la durée de chaque session d’essai. La conception du diffuseur
de mesure garantit que l’air ambiant n’est pas aspiré et mélangé avec l’air d’échantillonnage. Un angle
d’ouverture (des deux côtés) maximal de 12° assure un débit homogène de l’air d’échantillonnage (voir
Figure 1). Pour éviter la contamination de l’air de la pièce d’essai, le débit d’air en excès doit être extrait
au-dessus du diffuseur.
4 © ISO 2020 – Tous droits réservés
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ISO 16000-28:2020(F)
Figure 1 — Schéma d’un diffuseur normalisé
6.3.3 Récipients d’échantillonnage
Les matériaux suivants sont aptes à une utilisation comme récipient d’échantillonnage:
1)
— polyéthylène téréphtalate (PET, Nalophan® );
2)
— poly(fluorure de vinyle) (PVF, Tedlar® ).
Tous les lots de matériau de récipient doivent être évalués en termes d’émissions inhabituelles/odeurs
intrinsèques avant d’être utilisés pour la première fois. Les récipients en PVF/Tedlar® doivent être
conditionnés avant d’être utilisés pour la première fois, voir 8.4 et l’Annexe C.
Les récipients d’échantillonnage en PET ne doivent pas être réutilisés.
D’autres matériaux de récipient peuvent être utilisés si la performance est soumise à essai conformément
à l’Annexe C.
6.3.4 Système de présentation des échantillons
Un système de présentation des échantillons est un dispositif conçu pour fournir des échantillons
d’odeur provenant des récipients d’échantillonnage jusqu’à l’interface (diffuseur) en vue d’effectuer des
essais olfactifs. La taille du système de présentation des échantillons dépend de la taille des récipients
d’échantillonnage. Le système doit être conçu pour réduire au minimum l’influence sur les échantillons
d’odeur et les conditions de la pièce d’essai. Toute partie en contact direct avec l’échantillon d’odeur doit
être en verre, en acier inoxydable poli ou en polytétrafluoroéthylène (PTFE).
NOTE Un exemple de système de présentation des échantillons est donné à l’Annexe C.
®
1) Nalophan est l’appellation commerciale d’un produit de Kalle Nalo GmbH. Cette information est donnée par
souci de commodité à l'intention des utilisateurs du présent document et ne saurait constituer un engagement de
l'ISO à l’égard de ce produit. Des produits équivalents peuvent être utilisés s’il est démontré qu’ils conduisent aux
mêmes résultats.
®
2) Tedlar est l’appellation commerciale d’un produit. Cette information est donnée par souci de commodité à
l'intention des utilisateurs du présent document et ne saurait constituer un engagement de l'ISO à l’égard de ce
produit. Des produits équivalents peuvent être utilisés s’il est démontré qu’ils conduisent aux mêmes résultats.
© ISO 2020 – Tous droits réservés 5
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ISO 16000-28:2020(F)
6.4 Échelle comparative
6.4.1 Généralités
Une échelle comparative propose au moins six différents stimuli de référence à l’aide de diffuseurs de
présentation. La substance odorante de référence est l’acétone (niveau de qualité ≥ 99,8 %). L’échelle
comparative se divise en trois parties principales: les tuyaux pour l’air propre, la source d’acétone et
le dispositif de dosage. Seuls des matériaux ayant une très faible émission d’odeur et une très faible
absorption, notamment le verre, l’acier ino
...
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
oSIST ISO 16000-28:2021
01-februar-2021
Notranji zrak - 28. del: Določevanje emisij vonjav iz gradbenih proizvodov s
preskusno komoro
Indoor air - Part 28: Determination of odour emissions from building products using test
chambers
Air intérieur- Partie 28: Détermination des émissions d'odeurs des produits de
construction au moyen de chambres d'essai
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: ISO 16000-28:2020
ICS:
13.040.20 Kakovost okoljskega zraka Ambient atmospheres
oSIST ISO 16000-28:2021 en,fr
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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oSIST ISO 16000-28:2021
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oSIST ISO 16000-28:2021
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 16000-28
Second edition
2020-11
Indoor air —
Part 28:
Determination of odour emissions
from building products using test
chambers
Air intérieur —
Partie 28: Détermination des émissions d'odeurs des produits de
construction au moyen de chambres d'essai
Reference number
ISO 16000-28:2020(E)
©
ISO 2020
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oSIST ISO 16000-28:2021
ISO 16000-28:2020(E)
COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT
© ISO 2020
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting
on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address
below or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: +41 22 749 01 11
Email: copyright@iso.org
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2020 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 4 ----------------------
oSIST ISO 16000-28:2021
ISO 16000-28:2020(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .v
Introduction .vi
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Symbols and abbreviated terms . 3
5 Principle . 3
6 Test facilities . 3
6.1 General . 3
6.2 Test room and recovery room . 4
6.3 Odour sampling and assessment devices . 4
6.3.1 General. 4
6.3.2 Funnel . 4
6.3.3 Sample containers . 5
6.3.4 Sample presentation system . 5
6.4 Comparative scale . 5
6.4.1 General. 5
6.4.2 Set up of the comparative scale . 6
6.4.3 Check-up of the comparative scale . 7
6.4.4 Measurement of acetone concentration and calibration of the
measurement device . 7
7 Test requirements . 8
7.1 General . 8
7.2 Emission test chamber and test room background odour . 8
7.2.1 Background odour . 8
7.2.2 Test room conditions . . 8
7.2.3 Ventilation of the test room . 8
7.2.4 Recovery room conditions . 9
8 Odour testing from emission test chambers . 9
8.1 General . 9
8.2 Emission test chamber preparation . 9
8.3 Time of odour measurements . 9
8.4 Conditioning of sample containers . 9
8.5 Handling of sample containers . 9
9 Sensory odour panel and panel leader .10
9.1 Panel leader .10
9.1.1 General requirements for the panel leader .10
9.1.2 Additional requirements for the panel leader for perceived intensity
assessments .10
9.2 Panel selection .11
9.2.1 General requirements for panel selection.11
9.2.2 Additional requirements for the panel selection for perceived intensity
assessments .11
9.3 Code of conduct of the panel members .11
9.4 Correct procedure for determination of the panel size .12
9.5 Panel training .12
10 Sensory test methods and procedure .12
10.1 General .12
10.2 Procedure .12
10.3 Determination of acceptability .13
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oSIST ISO 16000-28:2021
ISO 16000-28:2020(E)
10.4 Determination of the perceived intensity using a comparative scale .14
10.4.1 Comparative scale .14
10.4.2 Panel .14
10.4.3 Panel training .15
10.4.4 Procedure .15
10.5 Determination of the hedonic tone .16
11 Data analysis .17
11.1 Calculation of mean value and standard deviation.17
11.2 Accurace of sensory testing .18
12 Test report .18
Annex A (informative) Training procedure for the comparative scale .20
Annex B (informative) General conditions for sensory testing .24
Annex C (informative) Sampling containers (bags) and sampling and presentation device .29
Annex D (informative) Example for statistical data analysis .32
Bibliography .34
iv © ISO 2020 – All rights reserved
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oSIST ISO 16000-28:2021
ISO 16000-28:2020(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www .iso .org/ directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www .iso .org/ patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to
the World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see
www .iso .org/ iso/ foreword .html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 146, Air quality, Subcommittee SC 6,
Indoor air.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 16000-28:2012), which has been
technically revised. The main changes compared to the previous edition are as follows:
— besides acceptability and perceived intensity, the hedonic tone is described as odour characteristic;
— a more detailed description of the comparative scale, including information on set-up, check-up and
calibration devices;
— recommendation on panel sizes for the different testing procedures (acceptability, perceived
intensity and hedonic tone);
— procedure in case of failing the confidence interval.
A list of all parts in the ISO 16000 series can be found on the ISO website.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www .iso .org/ members .html.
© ISO 2020 – All rights reserved v
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oSIST ISO 16000-28:2021
ISO 16000-28:2020(E)
Introduction
Odour evaluation is a complementary method to the chemical testing of emissions from building
products and materials.
The determination of odour acceptability, intensity and hedonic tone of emissions from building
products and materials using test chambers has objectives such as:
— to provide manufacturers, builders and end users with data useful for the evaluation of the odour
impact of building products and materials on the indoor air quality;
— to promote the development of improved products.
The method can also be used for furnishings and consumer products. For this purpose, a suitable
exposure scenario (according to the reference room defined in EN 16516) needs to be defined.
vi © ISO 2020 – All rights reserved
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oSIST ISO 16000-28:2021
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 16000-28:2020(E)
Indoor air —
Part 28:
Determination of odour emissions from building products
using test chambers
1 Scope
This document specifies a laboratory test method using test chambers defined in ISO 16000-9 and
further specified in EN 16516 and evaluation procedures for the determination of odours emitted from
building products and materials.
Sampling, transport and storage of materials under test, as well as preparation of test specimens are
described in ISO 16000-11 and further specified in EN 16516.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 16000-9, Indoor air — Part 9: Determination of the emission of volatile organic compounds from
building products and furnishing — Emission test chamber method
EN 16516, Construction products: Assessment of release of dangerous substances — Determination of
emissions into indoor air
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https:// www .iso .org/ obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at http:// www .electropedia .org/
3.1
acceptability
assessment of an odour emission into indoor air which can be ascertained according to a scale ranging
from “clearly acceptable” to “clearly unacceptable” set by value on a defined evaluation scale
3.2
anosmia
lack of sensitivity to some olfactory stimulus due to physiological defects, which is not reversible
3.3
building product
product for incorporation in a permanent manner in construction works
Note 1 to entry: A building product can be solid, liquid or combined (see ISO 16000-11).
© ISO 2020 – All rights reserved 1
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oSIST ISO 16000-28:2021
ISO 16000-28:2020(E)
3.4
hedonic tone
odour (3.5) quality, which can be ascertained on a scale ranging from “extremely pleasant” to "extremely
unpleasant
3.5
odour
sensory attribute perceptible by the olfactory organ on sniffing certain volatile substances
3.6
odour sample
air sample collected from the test chamber outlet in containers and being tested for its odour (3.5)
3.7
background odours
odours (3.5) released by equipment or location that might disturb the test procedure
3.8
panel leader
person whose primary duties are to manage panel activities and recruit, train and monitor the assessors
3.9
panel member
person who is accepted to assess odours according to a defined method
Note 1 to entry: Depending on the method panel members may need to be trained.
3.10
perceived intensity
parameter to assess the strength of an odour based on a comparative scale
Note 1 to entry: See ISO 5492:2008, 2.8, 2.9 and 4.30.
3.11
recovery room
room where the panel members can recover and acclimatize before and between odour (3.5)
assessments
3.12
sample container
device for collection and transport of the odour (3.5) sample from the test chamber to the test room and
for presentation of the sample to the panel members (3.9)
3.13
sensory adaption
temporary modification of the sensitivity of a sense organ due to continued and/or repeated stimulation,
which is reversible
[SOURCE: see ISO 5492:2008, 2.6]
3.14
sensory odour panel
group of trained or untrained panel members (3.9) performing the sensory assessment of the odour
(3.5) emission from building products (3.3) or materials
[SOURCE: see ISO 5492:2008, 1.9]
3.15
test room
room where the odour (3.5) assessment takes place
2 © ISO 2020 – All rights reserved
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oSIST ISO 16000-28:2021
ISO 16000-28:2020(E)
3.16
test specimen
part of a sample specially prepared for emission testing in a test chamber in order to simulate the odour
(3.5) emission behaviour of the material or product being tested
4 Symbols and abbreviated terms
For the purposes of this document, the following symbols apply (see ISO 16000-9).
Symbol Meaning Unit
L product loading factor square metres per cubic metre
n air change rate changes per h
q area specific air flow rate (n/L) cubic metres per square metre and h
V,A
A surface area square metre
Π perceived intensity pi
q volumetric supply air flow rate cubic metres per h
V,c
For the purposes of this document, the following abbreviated terms apply.
PVF polyvinyl fluoride
PET polyethyleneterephthalate
rH relative humidity
VOC volatile organic compound
PAD photoacoustic detector
PID photo ionization detector
FID flame ionization detector
5 Principle
The odour emission from building products and materials is measured using a sensory odour panel. The
odour determination may be performed in parallel to chemical emission measurements in accordance
with ISO 16000-9 and further specified in EN 16516. The odour characteristics addressed in this part
of ISO 16000 are the acceptability, the perceived intensity and the hedonic tone. Depending on the
measurement task, these odour characteristics or a combination of those can be determined.
6 Test facilities
6.1 General
A facility designed and operated to determine odours emitted from building products and materials
consists of an emission test chamber containing the test specimen. The emission test chamber shall
contain a clean air generation and humidification system, an air mixing system and monitoring and
control systems to ensure that the test is performed to indicated conditions in accordance with
ISO 16000-9 and further specified in EN 16516.
© ISO 2020 – All rights reserved 3
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oSIST ISO 16000-28:2021
ISO 16000-28:2020(E)
The standard procedure for odour assessment is carried out by using sample containers (see 6.3.3).
Alternatively, direct assessment from the outlet of the emission test chamber is possible if sufficient air
flow is assured (see 6.3.1). In this case the outlet shall be fitted with a funnel.
NOTE Due to the requirements of 6.3.1 sufficient air flow is only possible if the following requirements are
3 −1
met: test chambers with more than 4,3 m volume at 0,5 h air change rate.
If the odour assessment is carried out directly from the outlet of the chamber, the chamber material
shall be non-transparent, or the chamber shall be covered in order to avoid the panel members being
influenced by visual recognition of the material in test.
The test room in which the sensory assessment is performed shall conform with the general
requirements described in 7.2. The panel members shall not be influenced by the working environment
(light, acoustics, background odours).
6.2 Test room and recovery room
The test room and the recovery room shall be odour neutral, sufficiently large and unobtrusively
designed. Contamination of the room air by any source, e.g. by coatings, wall and floor coverings,
furniture, shall be prevented. In preparation for sensory testing, the air in the test room and the
recovery room shall be assessed for acceptability or perceived intensity (7.2.1), and the requirements
set out in 7.2.2–7.2.4 shall be complied with.
6.3 Odour sampling and assessment devices
6.3.1 General
The odour sampling and assessment devices shall ensure that
— the air flow is sufficient to guarantee that the panel members inhale only sample air during the
assessment, and
— significant adsorption on the surfaces is avoided and the interface has no emissions of its own to
interfere with the sample air.
6.3.2 Funnel
The odour evaluation interface consists of a funnel, which is connected to the outlet of the sample
presentation system or to the outlet of the emission test chamber. The funnel and the inner surfaces
of the connection ducting shall be composed of glass or surface-treated (polished) stainless steel. The
air flow at the outlet from the funnel to the panel member shall be between 0,6 l/s to 1 l/s and shall
be constant for the duration of each test session. The design of the measurement funnel ensures that
no ambient air is sucked in and mixed with the sample air. An opening angle (both sides) of up to 12°
ensures a homogeneous outflow of sample air (see Figure 1). To prevent contamination of the test room
air, the excess air flow shall be extracted above the funnel.
4 © ISO 2020 – All rights reserved
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oSIST ISO 16000-28:2021
ISO 16000-28:2020(E)
Figure 1 — Schematic of a standard funnel
6.3.3 Sample containers
The following materials are suitable to be used as a sample container:
1)
— polyethylene terephthalate (PET, Nalophane® );
2)
— polyvinyl fluoride (PVF, Tedlar® ).
All batches of container material shall be evaluated for unusual emissions/bachground odours before
first use. PVF/Tedlar® containers need to be conditioned before first use, see 8.4 and Annex C.
Sample containers made of PET shall not be reused.
Other container materials may be used if the performance is tested according to Annex C.
6.3.4 Sample presentation system
A sample presentation system is a device designed for providing odour samples from the sample
containers to the interface (funnel) for odour testing. The size of the sample presentation system is
based on the size of the sample containers. The system shall be designed to minimise influence on the
odour samples and test room conditions. Any parts in direct contact with the odour sample shall be
made from glass, polished stainless steel or polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE).
NOTE For an example of a suitable sample presentation system see Annex C.
6.4 Comparative scale
6.4.1 General
A comparative scale offers at least six different reference stimuli by means of presentation funnels. The
reference odorant is acetone (quality grade ≥99,8 %). The comparative scale is made up of three basic
parts: clean air ducts, acetone source and dosing device. Only materials of very low odour emission and
®
1) Nalophan is the trade name of a product of Kalle Nalo GmbH. This information is given for the convenience of
users of this document and does not constitute an endorsement by ISO of the product named. Equivalent products
may be used if they can be shown to lead to the same results.
®
2) Tedlar is the trade name of a product. This information is given for the convenience of users of this document
and does not constitute an endorsement by ISO of the product named. Equivalent products may be used if they can
be shown to lead to the same results.
© ISO 2020 – All rights reserved 5
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oSIST ISO 16000-28:2021
ISO 16000-28:2020(E)
absorption, such as glass, polished stainless steel or polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) shall be employed
for the parts that come in contact with sample air to avoid influencing the stimuli. The background
odour of the comparative scale, (i.e. the comparative scale is operated with supply air), must not exceed
the requirements in Table 1 (see 7.2.1).
The flow rate and the concentration of the reference odorant shall be constant both over time as well as
locally within the funnel outlet and independent of the ambient conditions. The flow rate at the outlet of
the funnel shall be between 0,6 l/s and 1,0 l/s and shall be constant for the duration of each test session.
The funnels shall meet the requirements of 6.3.2. The relative humidity and the temperature of the
mixture of air and reference odorant shall be kept constant and shall meet the requirements for the test
chamber 23 °C and 50 % RH (±3 K and ±10 % rH). A schematic of a possible comparative scale is given
in Figure 2.
6.4.2 Set up of the comparative scale
The comparative scale is connected to a supply of odour-neutral air. To cover the whole intensity
perception range of indoor odour samples the
...
DRAFT INTERNATIONAL STANDARD
ISO/DIS 16000-28
ISO/TC 146/SC 6 Secretariat: DIN
Voting begins on: Voting terminates on:
2019-11-14 2020-02-06
Indoor air —
Part 28:
Determination of odour emissions from building products
using test chambers
Air intérieur —
Partie 28: Détermination des émissions d'odeurs des produits de construction au moyen de chambres
d'essai
ICS: 13.040.20
THIS DOCUMENT IS A DRAFT CIRCULATED
FOR COMMENT AND APPROVAL. IT IS
THEREFORE SUBJECT TO CHANGE AND MAY
NOT BE REFERRED TO AS AN INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD UNTIL PUBLISHED AS SUCH.
IN ADDITION TO THEIR EVALUATION AS
BEING ACCEPTABLE FOR INDUSTRIAL,
This document is circulated as received from the committee secretariat.
TECHNOLOGICAL, COMMERCIAL AND
USER PURPOSES, DRAFT INTERNATIONAL
STANDARDS MAY ON OCCASION HAVE TO
BE CONSIDERED IN THE LIGHT OF THEIR
POTENTIAL TO BECOME STANDARDS TO
WHICH REFERENCE MAY BE MADE IN
Reference number
NATIONAL REGULATIONS.
ISO/DIS 16000-28:2019(E)
RECIPIENTS OF THIS DRAFT ARE INVITED
TO SUBMIT, WITH THEIR COMMENTS,
NOTIFICATION OF ANY RELEVANT PATENT
RIGHTS OF WHICH THEY ARE AWARE AND TO
©
PROVIDE SUPPORTING DOCUMENTATION. ISO 2019
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ISO/DIS 16000-28:2019(E)
COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT
© ISO 2019
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting
on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address
below or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: +41 22 749 01 11
Fax: +41 22 749 09 47
Email: copyright@iso.org
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2019 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 2 ----------------------
ISO/DIS 16000-28:2019(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .v
Introduction .vi
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Symbols and abbreviated terms . 3
5 Principle . 3
6 Test facilities . 4
6.1 General . 4
6.2 Test room and recovery room . 4
6.3 Odour sampling and assessment devices . 4
6.3.1 Funnel . 4
6.3.2 Sample containers . 5
6.3.3 Sample presentation system . 5
6.4 Comparative scale . 5
6.4.1 Set up of the comparative scale . 6
6.4.2 Check-up of the comparative scale . 7
6.4.3 Calibration device for the comparative scale . 7
7 Test requirements . 8
7.1 General . 8
7.2 Emission test chamber and test room background odour . 8
7.2.1 Background odour . 8
7.2.2 Test room conditions . . 8
7.2.3 Ventilation of the test room . 8
7.2.4 Recovery room conditions . 9
8 Odour testing from emission test chambers . 9
8.1 Emission test chamber preparation . 9
8.2 Time of odour measurements . 9
8.3 Conditioning of sample containers . 9
8.4 Handling of sample containers . 9
9 Sensory odour panel and panel leader .10
9.1 Panel leader .10
9.1.1 General requirements for the panel leader .10
9.1.2 Additional requirements for the panel leader for intensity assessments .10
9.2 Panel selection .11
9.2.1 General requirements for panel selection.11
9.2.2 Additional requirements for the panel selection for intensity assessments .11
9.3 Code of conduct of the panel members .11
9.4 Correct procedure of the assessment panel size .12
9.5 Panel training .12
10 Sensory test methods and procedure .12
10.1 General .12
10.2 Procedure .12
10.3 Determination of acceptability .12
10.4 Determination of the perceived intensity using a comparative scale .14
10.4.1 Comparative scale .14
10.4.2 Panel .14
10.4.3 Panel training .15
10.4.4 Procedure .15
10.5 Determination of the hedonic tone .16
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ISO/DIS 16000-28:2019(E)
11 Data analysis .17
11.1 Accurace of sensory testing .18
12 Test report .18
Annex A (normative) Training procedure for the comparative scale .20
Annex B (informative) General conditions for sensory testing .24
Annex C (informative) Sampling containers (bags) and sampling and presentation device .28
Annex D (informative) Example for statistical data analysis .30
Bibliography .32
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ISO/DIS 16000-28:2019(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www .iso .org/directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www .iso .org/patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the
World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see www .iso
.org/iso/foreword .html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 146, Air quality, Subcommittee SC 6,
Indoor air.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 16000-28:2012), which has been
technically revised.
The main changes compared to the previous edition are as follows:
— besides acceptability and perceived intensity, the hedonic tone is described as odour characteristic;
— a more detailed description of the comparative scale, including information on set-up, check-up and
calibration devices;
— recommendation on panel sizes for the different testing procedures (acceptability, perceived
intensity and hedonic tone);
— procedure in case of failing the confidence interval.
A list of all parts in the ISO 16000 series can be found on the ISO website.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www .iso .org/members .html.
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ISO/DIS 16000-28:2019(E)
Introduction
Odour evaluation is a complementary method to the chemical testing of emissions from building
products and materials.
The determination of odour acceptability, intensity and hedonic tone of emissions from building
products and materials using test chambers has objectives such as:
— to provide manufacturers, builders and end users with data useful for the evaluation of the odour
impact of building products and materials on the indoor air quality;
— to promote the development of improved products.
The method can also be used for furnishings and consumer products. For this purpose a suitable
exposure scenario (according to the reference room defined in EN 16516) needs to be defined.
vi © ISO 2019 – All rights reserved
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DRAFT INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO/DIS 16000-28:2019(E)
Indoor air —
Part 28:
Determination of odour emissions from building products
using test chambers
1 Scope
This part of ISO 16000 specifies a laboratory test method using test chambers defined in ISO 16000-9
and further specified in EN 16516 and evaluation procedures for the determination of odours emitted
from building products and materials.
Sampling, transport and storage of materials under test, as well as preparation of test specimens are
described in ISO 16000-11 and further specified in EN 16516.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 554, Standard atmospheres for conditioning and/or testing — Specifications
ISO 16000-9, Indoor air — Part 9: Determination of the emission of volatile organic compounds from
building products and furnishing — Emission test chamber method
ISO 16000-11, Indoor air — Part 11: Determination of the emission of volatile organic compounds from
building products and furnishing — Sampling, storage of samples and preparation of test specimens
EN 13725, Air quality — Determination of odour concentration by dynamic olfactometry
ISO 5492, Sensory analysis — Vocabulary
EN 16516, Construction products: Assessment of release of dangerous substances — Determination of
emissions into indoor air
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— IEC Electropedia: available at http: //www .electropedia .org/
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at http: //www .iso .org/obp
3.1
acceptability
assessment of an odour emission into indoor air which can be ascertained according to a scale ranging
from “clearly acceptable” to “clearly unacceptable” set by value on a defined evaluation scale
3.2
anosmia
lack of sensitivity to some olfactory stimulus due to physiological defects, which is not reversible
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ISO/DIS 16000-28:2019(E)
3.3
building product
product for incorporation in a permanent manner in construction works (see ISO 16000-9)
Note 1 to entry: A building product can be solid, liquid or combined (see ISO 16000-11).
EXAMPLE 1 Examples of solid building products include flooring, wall covering, ceiling materials.
EXAMPLE 2 Examples of liquid building products include paints, varnishes, oils, waxes, levelling compounds,
plasters, mortars, concrete, adhesives, sealants, caulks, putties and surface coatings.
EXAMPLE 3 Examples of combined building products include glued applications, such as floor and wall
coverings, which are fixed on the building site on to surfaces using adhesives.
3.4
hedonic tone
odour quality, which can be ascertained on a scale ranging from “extremely pleasant” to "extremely
unpleasant
3.5
odour
sensory attribute perceptible by the olfactory organ on sniffing certain volatile substances
3.6
odour sample
air sample collected from the test chamber outlet in containers and being tested for its odour
3.7
off-odours
odours released by equipment or location that might disturb the test procedure.
3.8
panel leader
person whose primary duties are to manage panel activities and recruit, train and monitor the assessors
3.9
panel member
person who is accepted to assess odours according to a defined method. Depending on the method
panel members may need to be trained
3.10
perceived intensity
parameter to assess the strength of an odour based on a comparative scale
Note 1 to entry: See ISO 5492:2008, 2.8, 2.9 and 4.30
3.11
recovery room
room where the panel members can recover and acclimatize before and between odour assessments
3.12
sample container
device for collection and transport of the odour sample from the test chamber to the test room and for
presentation of the sample to the panel members
3.13
sensory adaption
temporary modification of the sensitivity of a sense organ due to continued and/or repeated stimulation,
which is reversible
Note 1 to entry: See ISO 5492:2008, definition 2.6
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ISO/DIS 16000-28:2019(E)
3.14
sensory odour panel
group of trained or untrained panel members performing the sensory assessment of the odour emission
from building products or materials
Note 1 to entry: See ISO 5492:2008, definition 1.9.
3.15
test room
room where the odour assessment takes place
3.16
test specimen
part of a sample specially prepared for emission testing in a test chamber in order to simulate the odour
emission behaviour of the material or product being tested
4 Symbols and abbreviated terms
For the purposes of this document, the following symbols apply (see ISO 16000-9).
Symbol Meaning Unit
L product loading factor square metres per cubic metre
n air change rate changes per h
q area specific air flow rate (n/L) cubic metres per square metre and h
V,A
A surface area square metre
Π perceived intensity pi
q volumetric supply air flow rate cubic metres per h
V,c
For the purposes of this document, the following abbreviated terms apply.
PVF polyvinyl fluoride
PET polyethyleneterephthalate
rH relative humidity
VOC volatile organic compound
PAD photoacoustic detector
PID photo ionization detector
FID flame ionization detector
5 Principle
The odour emission from building products and materials is measured using a sensory odour panel. The
odour determination may be performed in parallel to chemical emission measurements in accordance
with ISO 16000-9 and further specified in EN 16516. The odour characteristics addressed in this part
of ISO 16000 are the acceptability, the perceived intensity and the hedonic tone. Depending on the
measurement task, the acceptability, perceived intensity, hedonic tone or a combination of those can be
determined.
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ISO/DIS 16000-28:2019(E)
6 Test facilities
6.1 General
A facility designed and operated to determine odours emitted from building products and materials
consists of an emission test chamber containing the test specimen. The emission test chamber shall
contain a clean air generation and humidification system, an air mixing system and monitoring
and control systems to ensure that the test is performed to specified conditions in accordance with
ISO 16000-9 and further specified in EN 16516.
The standard procedure for odour assessment is carried out by using sample containers (see 6.3.2).
Alternatively direct assessment from the outlet of the emission test chamber is possible if sufficient air
flow is assured (see 6.3.1). In this case the outlet shall be fitted with a funnel.
NOTE Under conditions described in this standard sufficient air flow is only possible for test chambers with
3 -1
more than 4,3 m volume at 0,5 h air change rate.
If the odour assessment is carried out directly from the outlet of the chamber, the chamber material
shall be non-transparent or the chamber shall be covered in order to avoid the panel members being
influenced by visual recognition of the material in test.
The test room in which the sensory assessment is performed shall comply with the general
requirements described in 7.2. The panel members shall not be influenced by the working environment
(light, acoustics, off-odours).
6.2 Test room and recovery room
The test room and the recovery room shall be odour-neutral, sufficiently large and unobtrusively
designed. Contamination of the room air by any source, e.g. by coatings, wall and floor coverings,
furniture, shall be prevented. In preparation for sensory testing, the air in the test room and the
recovery room shall be assessed for acceptability or intensity (Section 7.2.1), and the requirements set
out in 7.2.2-7.2.4 shall be complied with.
6.3 Odour sampling and assessment devices
The odour sampling and assessment devices shall ensure that
— the air flow is sufficient to guarantee that the panel members inhale only sample air during the
assessment, and
— significant adsorption on the surfaces is avoided and the interface has no emissions of its own to
interfere with the sample air.
6.3.1 Funnel
The odour evaluation interface consists of a funnel, which is connected to the outlet of the sample
presentation system or to the outlet of the emission test chamber. The funnel and the inner surfaces
of the connection ducting shall be composed of glass or surface-treated (polished) stainless steel. The
air flow at the outlet from the funnel to the panel member shall be between 0,6 l/s to 1 l/s and shall
be constant for the duration of each test session. The design of the measurement funnel ensures that
no ambient air is sucked in and mixed with the sample air. An opening angle (both sides) of up to 12°
ensures a homogeneous outflow of sample air (funnel see Figure 1). To prevent contamination of the
test room air, the excess air flow shall be extracted above the funnel.
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ISO/DIS 16000-28:2019(E)
Figure 1 — Schematic of a standard funnel
6.3.2 Sample containers
The following materials are suitable to be used as a sample container:
1)
— polyethylene terephthalate (PET, Nalophan® );
2)
— polyvinyl fluoride (PVF, Tedlar® ).
All batches of container material shall be evaluated for unusual emissions/off-odours before first use.
PVF/Tedlar® containers need to be conditioned before first use, see 8.3 and Annex C.
All polymeric materials tend to affect the air sample contained within. The above mentioned materials
have been tested and showed acceptable recovery for most relevant substances.
NOTE 1 Sample containers made of PET shall not be reused.
NOTE 2 Other container materials might be used if the performance is tested according to Annex C.
6.3.3 Sample presentation system
A sample presentation system is a device designed for providing odour samples from the sample
containers to the interface (funnel) for odour testing. The size of the sample presentation system is
based on the size of the sample containers. The system shall be designed to minimise influence on the
odour samples and test room conditions. Any parts in direct contact with the odour sample shall be
made from glass, polished stainless steel or polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE).
NOTE For an example of a suitable sample presentation system see Annex C.
6.4 Comparative scale
A comparative scale offers at least six different reference stimuli by means of presentation funnels. The
reference odorant is acetone (quality grade ≥ 99,8 %). The comparative scale is made up of three basic
®
1) Nalophan is the trade name of a product supplied by Olfasens. This information is given for the convenience of
users of this document and does not constitute an endorsement by ISO of the product named. Equivalent products
may be used if they can be shown to lead to the same results.
®
2) Tedlar is the trade name of a product supplied by Restek GmbH. This information is given for the convenience
of users of this document and does not constitute an endorsement by ISO of the product named. Equivalent products
may be used if they can be shown to lead to the same results.
© ISO 2019 – All rights reserved 5
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ISO/DIS 16000-28:2019(E)
parts: clean air ducts, acetone source and dosing device. Only materials of very low odour emission and
absorption, such as glass, polished stainless steel or polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) shall be employed
for the parts that come in contact with sample air to avoid influencing the stimuli. The background
odour of the comparative scale, (i.e. the comparative scale is operated with supply air), must not exceed
the requirements in Table 1 (see 7.2.1).
The flow rate and the concentration of the reference odorant shall be constant both over time as well as
locally within the funnel outlet and independent of the ambient conditions. The flow rate at the outlet of
the funnel shall be between 0,6 l/s and 1,0 l/s and shall be constant for the duration of each test session.
The funnels shall meet the requirements of 6.3.1. The relative humidity and the temperature of the
mixture of air and reference odorant shall be kept constant and shall meet the requirements for the test
chamber (±3 K and ± 10% rH). A schematic of a possible comparative scale is given in Figure 2.
6.4.1 Set up of the comparative scale
The comparative scale is connected to a supply of odour-neutral air. To cover the whole intensity
perception range of indoor odour samples the comparative scale shall be made of at least the six fixed
levels 0 pi, 3 pi, 6 pi, 9 pi, 12 pi, 15 pi. The test setup shall also provide neutral-air to the panel members.
The presented concentrations shall be kept constant over the total measurement period. Between 0 and
3
10 pi, a maximum deviation of ±10 mg/m (±0,5
...
PROJET DE NORME INTERNATIONALE
ISO/DIS 16000-28
ISO/TC 146/SC 6 Secrétariat: DIN
Début de vote: Vote clos le:
2019-11-14 2020-02-06
Air intérieur —
Partie 28:
Détermination des émissions d'odeurs des produits de
construction au moyen de chambres d'essai
Indoor air —
Part 28: Determination of odour emissions from building products using test chambers
ICS: 13.040.20
CE DOCUMENT EST UN PROJET DIFFUSÉ POUR
OBSERVATIONS ET APPROBATION. IL EST DONC
SUSCEPTIBLE DE MODIFICATION ET NE PEUT
ÊTRE CITÉ COMME NORME INTERNATIONALE
AVANT SA PUBLICATION EN TANT QUE TELLE.
OUTRE LE FAIT D’ÊTRE EXAMINÉS POUR
ÉTABLIR S’ILS SONT ACCEPTABLES À DES
FINS INDUSTRIELLES, TECHNOLOGIQUES ET
COMMERCIALES, AINSI QUE DU POINT DE VUE
Le présent document est distribué tel qu’il est parvenu du secrétariat du comité.
DES UTILISATEURS, LES PROJETS DE NORMES
INTERNATIONALES DOIVENT PARFOIS ÊTRE
CONSIDÉRÉS DU POINT DE VUE DE LEUR
POSSIBILITÉ DE DEVENIR DES NORMES
POUVANT SERVIR DE RÉFÉRENCE DANS LA
RÉGLEMENTATION NATIONALE.
Numéro de référence
LES DESTINATAIRES DU PRÉSENT PROJET
ISO/DIS 16000-28:2019(F)
SONT INVITÉS À PRÉSENTER, AVEC LEURS
OBSERVATIONS, NOTIFICATION DES DROITS
DE PROPRIÉTÉ DONT ILS AURAIENT
ÉVENTUELLEMENT CONNAISSANCE ET À
©
FOURNIR UNE DOCUMENTATION EXPLICATIVE. ISO 2019
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ISO/DIS 16000-28 :2019(F)
ISO/DIS 16000-28:2019(F)
Sommaire Page
Avant-propos . v
Introduction . vii
1 Domaine d’application . 1
2 Références normatives . 1
3 Termes et définitions . 1
4 Symboles et abréviations . 4
5 Principe . 4
6 Installations d’essai . 4
6.1 Généralités . 4
6.2 Pièce d'essai et pièce de repos . 5
6.3 Dispositifs d'échantillonnage et d'évaluation de l'odeur . 5
6.3.1 Diffuseur . 5
6.3.2 Récipients d’échantillonnage . 6
6.3.3 Système de présentation des échantillons . 7
6.4 Échelle comparative . 7
6.4.1 Réglage de l’échelle comparative . 7
6.4.2 Contrôle de l’échelle comparative . 9
6.4.3 Dispositif d'étalonnage de l’échelle comparative . 9
7 Exigences d’essai . 9
7.1 Généralités . 9
7.2 Odeur intrinsèque de la chambre d’essai d'émission et de la pièce d’essai . 9
7.2.1 Odeur intrinsèque . 9
7.2.2 Conditions de la pièce d’essai . 10
7.2.3 Ventilation de la pièce d'essai . 10
7.2.4 Conditions de la pièce de repos . 10
8 Essais olfactifs depuis les chambres d’essai d’émission . 11
8.1 Préparation de la chambre d’essai d’émission . 11
8.2 Période des mesurages d’odeur . 11
8.3 Conditionnement des récipients d'échantillonnage . 11
8.4 Manipulation des récipients d'échantillonnage . 12
9 Jury olfactif sensoriel et responsable du jury . 12
9.1 Responsable du jury . 12
9.1.1 Exigences générales relatives au responsable du jury . 12
9.1.2 Exigences supplémentaires relatives au responsable du jury concernant les évaluations
DOCUMENT PROTÉGÉ PAR COPYRIGHT
d’intensité . 13
9.2 Sélection du jury . 13
© ISO 2019
9.2.1 Exigences générales relatives à la sélection du jury . 13
Tous droits réservés. Sauf prescription différente ou nécessité dans le contexte de sa mise en oeuvre, aucune partie de cette
9.2.2 Exigences supplémentaires relatives à la sélection du jury concernant les évaluations
publication ne peut être reproduite ni utilisée sous quelque forme que ce soit et par aucun procédé, électronique ou mécanique,
y compris la photocopie, ou la diffusion sur l’internet ou sur un intranet, sans autorisation écrite préalable. Une autorisation peut
d’intensité . 14
être demandée à l’ISO à l’adresse ci-après ou au comité membre de l’ISO dans le pays du demandeur.
9.3 Code de déontologie des membres du jury . 15
ISO copyright office
9.4 Mode opératoire correct de l’évaluation de la taille du jury . 15
Case postale 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Tél.: +41 22 749 01 11
Fax: +41 22 749 09 47
E-mail: copyright@iso.org
© ISO 2019 – Tous droits réservés
iii
Website: www.iso.org
Publié en Suisse
ii © ISO 2019 – Tous droits réservés
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ISO/DIS 16000-28 :2019(F)
Sommaire Page
Avant-propos . v
Introduction . vii
1 Domaine d’application . 1
2 Références normatives . 1
3 Termes et définitions . 1
4 Symboles et abréviations . 4
5 Principe . 4
6 Installations d’essai . 4
6.1 Généralités . 4
6.2 Pièce d'essai et pièce de repos . 5
6.3 Dispositifs d'échantillonnage et d'évaluation de l'odeur . 5
6.3.1 Diffuseur . 5
6.3.2 Récipients d’échantillonnage . 6
6.3.3 Système de présentation des échantillons . 7
6.4 Échelle comparative . 7
6.4.1 Réglage de l’échelle comparative . 7
6.4.2 Contrôle de l’échelle comparative . 9
6.4.3 Dispositif d'étalonnage de l’échelle comparative . 9
7 Exigences d’essai . 9
7.1 Généralités . 9
7.2 Odeur intrinsèque de la chambre d’essai d'émission et de la pièce d’essai . 9
7.2.1 Odeur intrinsèque . 9
7.2.2 Conditions de la pièce d’essai . 10
7.2.3 Ventilation de la pièce d'essai . 10
7.2.4 Conditions de la pièce de repos . 10
8 Essais olfactifs depuis les chambres d’essai d’émission . 11
8.1 Préparation de la chambre d’essai d’émission . 11
8.2 Période des mesurages d’odeur . 11
8.3 Conditionnement des récipients d'échantillonnage . 11
8.4 Manipulation des récipients d'échantillonnage . 12
9 Jury olfactif sensoriel et responsable du jury . 12
9.1 Responsable du jury . 12
9.1.1 Exigences générales relatives au responsable du jury . 12
9.1.2 Exigences supplémentaires relatives au responsable du jury concernant les évaluations
d’intensité . 13
9.2 Sélection du jury . 13
9.2.1 Exigences générales relatives à la sélection du jury . 13
9.2.2 Exigences supplémentaires relatives à la sélection du jury concernant les évaluations
d’intensité . 14
9.3 Code de déontologie des membres du jury . 15
9.4 Mode opératoire correct de l’évaluation de la taille du jury . 15
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ISO/DIS 16000-28 :2019(F)
9.5 Formation du jury . 15
10 Méthodes d’essai sensoriel et mode opératoire . 15
10.1 Généralités. 15
10.2 Mode opératoire . 16
10.3 Détermination de l’acceptabilité . 16
10.4 Détermination de l’intensité perçue à l’aide d'une échelle comparative . 18
10.4.1 Échelle comparative . 18
10.4.2 Jury . 18
10.4.3 Formation du jury . 18
10.4.4 Mode opératoire . 18
10.5 Détermination de la tonalité hédonique . 20
11 Analyse des données . 21
11.1 Précision des essais sensoriels . 22
12 Rapport d’essai . 23
Annexe A (normative) Mode opératoire de formation à l'échelle comparative . 25
Annexe B (informative) Conditions générales applicables aux essais sensoriels . 30
Annexe C (informative) Récipients d'échantillonnage (sacs) et dispositif d'échantillonnage et
de présentation . 35
Annexe D (informative) Exemple d’analyse des données statistiques . 38
Bibliographie . 40
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ISO/DIS 16000-28 :2019(F)
Avant-propos
L’ISO (Organisation internationale de normalisation) est une fédération mondiale d’organismes nationaux
de normalisation (comités membres de l’ISO). L’élaboration des Normes internationales est en général
confiée aux comités techniques de l'ISO. Chaque comité membre intéressé par une étude a le droit de faire
partie du comité technique créé à cet effet. Les organisations internationales, gouvernementales et non
gouvernementales, en liaison avec l'ISO participent également aux travaux. L'ISO collabore étroitement
avec la Commission électrotechnique internationale (IEC) en ce qui concerne la normalisation
électrotechnique.
Les procédures utilisées pour élaborer le présent document et celles destinées à sa mise à jour sont
décrites dans les Directives ISO/IEC, Partie 1. Il convient, en particulier de prendre note des différents
critères d'approbation requis pour les différents types de documents ISO. Le présent document a été
rédigé conformément aux règles de rédaction données dans les Directives ISO/IEC, Partie 2 (voir
www.iso.org/directives).
L’attention est attirée sur le fait que certains des éléments du présent document peuvent faire l’objet de
droits de propriété intellectuelle ou de droits analogues. L’ISO ne saurait être tenue pour responsable de
ne pas avoir identifié de tels droits de propriété et averti de leur existence. Les détails concernant les
références aux droits de propriété intellectuelle ou autres droits analogues identifiés lors de l'élaboration
du document sont indiqués dans l'Introduction et/ou dans la liste des déclarations de brevets rédigées par
l'ISO (voir www.iso.org/brevets).
Les appellations commerciales éventuellement mentionnées dans le présent document sont données pour
information, par souci de commodité, { l’intention des utilisateurs et ne sauraient constituer un
engagement.
Pour une explication de la nature volontaire des normes, de la signification des termes et expressions
spécifiques de l’ISO liés { l’évaluation de la conformité, ou pour toute autre information au sujet de
l’adhésion de l’ISO aux principes de l’Organisation mondiale du commerce (OMC) concernant les obstacles
techniques au commerce (OTC), voir le lien suivant : www.iso.org/iso/fr/avant-propos.html.
Le présent document a été élaboré par le comité technique ISO/TC 146, Qualité de l’air, sous-comité SC 6,
Air intérieur.
Cette deuxième édition annule et remplace la première édition (ISO 16000-28:2012), qui a fait l'objet
d'une révision technique.
© ISO 2019 – Tous droits réservés
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ISO/DIS 16000-28 :2019(F)
Les principales modifications par rapport { l’édition précédente sont les suivantes :
outre l’acceptabilité et l’intensité perçue, la tonalité hédonique est décrite comme une caractéristique
olfactive ;
une description plus détaillée de l’échelle comparative, y compris des informations sur le réglage, le
contrôle et les dispositifs d'étalonnage ;
recommandations sur les tailles du jury pour les différents modes opératoires d’essai (acceptabilité,
intensité perçue et tonalité hédonique) ;
mode opératoire en cas de non-respect de l’intervalle de confiance.
Une liste de toutes les parties de la série ISO 16000 se trouve sur le site web de l’ISO.
Il convient que l’utilisateur adresse tout retour d’information ou toute question concernant le présent
document à l’organisme national de normalisation de son pays. Une liste exhaustive desdits organismes se
trouve { l’adresse www.iso.org/fr/members.html.
© ISO 2019 – Tous droits réservés
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ISO/DIS 16000-28 :2019(F)
Introduction
L’évaluation des odeurs est une méthode complémentaire aux essais chimiques des émissions de produits
et matériaux de construction.
La détermination de l’acceptabilité, de l’intensité et de la tonalité hédonique de l’odeur des émissions de
produits et matériaux de construction au moyen de chambres d’essai a pour objectif :
de fournir aux fabricants, constructeurs et utilisateurs finaux des informations utiles pour évaluer
l’impact olfactif des produits et matériaux de construction sur la qualité de l’air intérieur ;
de favoriser le développement de produits de meilleure qualité.
La méthode peut être également utilisée pour le mobilier et les produits de consommation. Pour cela, un
scénario d’exposition approprié (conformément { la chambre de référence définie dans l’EN 16516) doit
être défini.
© ISO 2019 – Tous droits réservés
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PROJET DE NORME INTERNATIONALE ISO/DIS 16000-28:2019(F)
Air intérieur — Partie 28: Détermination des émissions d'odeurs
des produits de construction au moyen de chambres d'essai
1 Domaine d’application
La présente partie de l’ISO 16000 spécifie une méthode d’essai en laboratoire utilisant les chambres
d’essai définies dans l’ISO 16000-9 et précisées dans l’EN 16516 ainsi que des modes opératoires
d'évaluation pour déterminer les odeurs émises par des produits et matériaux de construction.
L’échantillonnage, le transport et le stockage des matériaux soumis { essai, ainsi que la préparation des
éprouvettes d’essai, sont décrits dans l’ISO 16000-11 et spécifiés plus en détails dans l’EN 16516.
2 Références normatives
Les documents suivants sont référencés dans le texte de telle sorte qu’une partie ou la totalité de leur
contenu constitue les exigences du présent document. Pour les références datées, seule l'édition citée
s'applique. Pour les références non datées, la dernière édition du document de référence s'applique (y
compris les éventuels amendements).
ISO 554, Atmosphères normales de conditionnement et/ou d'essai — Spécifications
ISO 16000-9, Air intérieur — Partie 9 : Dosage de l'émission de composés organiques volatils de produits
de construction et d'objets d'équipement — Méthode de la chambre d'essai d'émission
ISO 16000-11, Air intérieur — Partie 11 : Dosage de l’émission de composés organiques volatils de
produits de construction et d’objets d’équipement — Échantillonnage, conservation des échantillons et
préparation d’échantillons pour essai
EN 13725, Qualité de l’air — Détermination de la concentration d'une odeur par olfactométrie dynamique
ISO 5492, Analyse sensorielle — Vocabulaire
EN 16516, Produits de construction — Évaluation de l’émission de substances dangereuses —
Détermination des émissions dans l’air intérieur
3 Termes et définitions
Pour les besoins du présent document, les termes et définitions suivants s’appliquent.
L’ISO et l’IEC tiennent { jour des bases de données terminologiques destinées à être utilisées en
normalisation, consultables aux adresses suivantes :
IEC Electropedia : disponible { l’adresse http://www.electropedia.org/
ISO Online browsing platform : disponible { l’adresse http://www.iso.org/obp
© ISO 2019 – Tous droits réservés
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ISO/DIS 16000-28:2019(F)
3.1
acceptabilité
évaluation d’une émission d’odeurs dans l’air intérieur qui peut être estimée selon une échelle allant de
« clairement acceptable » à « clairement inacceptable » définie par une valeur sur une échelle
d’évaluation définie
3.2
anosmie
perte de sensibilité à certains stimuli olfactifs due à des troubles physiologiques, qui est non réversible
3.3
produit de construction
produit destiné à être incorporé de manière permanente dans des ouvrages de construction (voir
ISO 16000-9)
Note 1 { l’article Un produit de construction peut être solide, liquide ou combiné (voir ISO 16000-11).
EXEMPLE 1 Les revêtements de sol, les revêtements muraux, les matériaux pour plafond constituent des
exemples des produits de construction solides.
EXEMPLE 2 Les peintures, les vernis, les huiles, les cires, les composés de régalage, les enduits, les mortiers, le
béton, les adhésifs, les joints d’étanchéité, les produits de calfeutrage, les mastics et les enduits de surface
constituent des exemples des produits de construction liquides.
EXEMPLE 3 Les applications de colles, comme pour les revêtements de sol et les revêtements muraux, qui sont
fixés sur le site de construction { l’aide d’adhésifs, constituent des exemples de produits de construction combinés.
3.4
tonalité hédonique
qualité olfactive qui peut être estimée sur une échelle allant de « extrêmement plaisant » à
« extrêmement déplaisant »
3.5
odeur
attribut sensoriel perceptible par l’organe olfactif en inspirant certaines substances volatiles
3.6
échantillon d’odeur
échantillon d’air prélevé dans des récipients { la sortie de la chambre d’essai et soumis { un essai
olfactif
3.7
odeurs parasites
odeurs dégagées par l'équipement ou l’emplacement susceptibles de perturber le mode opératoire
d’essai
3.8
responsable du jury
personne chargée principalement de gérer les activités du jury ainsi que de recruter, former et
surveiller les sujets
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ISO/DIS 16000-28 :2019(F)
3.9
membre du jury
personne choisie pour évaluer les odeurs selon une méthode définie En fonction de la méthode, il peut
être nécessaire de former les membres du jury
3.10
intensité perçue
paramètre permettant d’évaluer l'intensité d’une odeur selon une échelle comparative
Note 1 { l’article Voir ISO 5492:2008, 2.8, 2.9 et 4.30.
3.11
pièce de repos
pièce où les membres du jury peuvent se reposer et s’acclimater avant et entre les évaluations olfactives
3.12
récipient d'échantillonnage
dispositif destiné { collecter et transporter l'échantillon d’odeur de la chambre d'essai { la pièce d'essai
et à présenter l'échantillon aux membres du jury
3.13
adaptation sensorielle
modification temporaire de l'acuité d'un organe sensoriel à la suite d'une stimulation continue et/ou
répétée, qui est réversible
Note 1 { l’article Voir ISO 5492:2008, définition 2.6.
3.14
jury olfactif sensoriel
groupe de membres du jury formés ou non, chargé de l’évaluation sensorielle des émissions d’odeurs
par des produits ou des matériaux de construction
Note 1 { l’article Voir ISO 5492:2008, définition 1.9.
3.15
pièce d'essai
pièce où se déroule l'évaluation olfactive
3.16
éprouvette d’essai
partie d’un échantillon spécialement préparée pour les essais d'émissions dans une chambre d'essai
afin de reproduire le comportement d'émissions d'odeurs du matériau ou du produit soumis à essai
© ISO 2019 – Tous droits réservés
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ISO/DIS 16000-28:2019(F)
4 Symboles et abréviations
Pour les besoins du présent document, les symboles suivants s’appliquent (voir ISO 16000-9).
Symbole Signification Unité
L facteur de charge du produit mètres carrés par mètre cube
n taux de renouvellement d’air renouvellements par heure
q débit d’air spécifique par unité de mètres cubes par mètre carré et
V,A
surface (n/L) par heure
A aire de la surface mètres carrés
Π intensité perçue pi
q débit volumétrique d’air mètres cubes par heure
V,c
d’alimentation
Pour les besoins du présent document, les abréviations suivantes s'appliquent.
PVF poly(fluorure de vinyle)
PET polyéthylène téréphtalate
HR humidité relative
COV composé organique volatil
DPA détecteur photo-acoustique
DPI détecteur à photo-ionisation
DIF détecteur à ionisation de flamme
5 Principe
Les émissions d'odeurs des produits et matériaux de construction sont mesurées à l'aide d'un jury
olfactif sensoriel. La détermination des odeurs peut être effectuée parallèlement aux mesurages des
émissions chimiques conformément { l’ISO 16000-9 et précisés dans l’EN 16516. Les caractéristiques
olfactives traitées par la présente partie de l’ISO 16000 sont l'acceptabilité, l'intensité perçue et la
tonalité hédonique. L'acceptabilité, l'intensité perçue, la tonalité hédonique ou une combinaison de ces
trois caractéristiques peut être déterminée en fonction de la tâche de mesure.
6 Installations d’essai
6.1 Généralités
Une installation
...
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