ISO 12636:1998
(Main)Graphic technology — Blankets for offset printing
Graphic technology — Blankets for offset printing
Technologie graphique — Blanchets pour impression offset
Grafična tehnologija - Odtisne gume za ofsetni tisk
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Standards Content (Sample)
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 12636
First edition
1998-07-15
Graphic technology — Blankets for offset
printing
Technologie graphique — Blanchets pour impression offset
A
Reference number
ISO 12636:1998(E)
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
ISO 12636:1998(E)
Contents Page
1 Scope. 1
Terms and definitions. 1
2
3 Requirements . 2
...............................................................................
4 Test methods 4
Annex A (informative): Equivalence of SI values to FPS values . 8
© ISO 1998
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced
or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and
microfilm, without permission in writing from the publisher.
International Organization for Standardization
Case postale 56 • CH-1211 Genève 20 • Switzerland
Internet iso@iso.ch
Printed in Switzerland
ii
---------------------- Page: 2 ----------------------
©
ISO ISO 12636:1998(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide
federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of
preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO
technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which
a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented
on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-
governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO
collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission
(IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are
circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International
Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting
a vote.
International Standard ISO 12636 was prepared by Technical Committee
ISO/TC 130, Graphic technology.
Annex A of this International Standard is for information only.
iii
---------------------- Page: 3 ----------------------
©
ISO 12636:1998(E) ISO
Introduction
The blanket is an essential part of every offset printing press. Its properties
exert a profound influence on the mechanical conditions within the press
and the visual characteristics of the prints produced. It is therefore useful to
provide test methods, unified data, and tolerances for some essential
properties of the blankets. This permits the suppliers to state properties of
blanket types in a unified and well-known manner. It also helps the printer
to select the appropriate blanket type for a particular press type or press
condition. A further benefit is that the design of printing presses can be
based on blanket data resulting from unified test methods.
iv
---------------------- Page: 4 ----------------------
©
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO ISO 12636:1998(E)
Graphic technology — Blankets for offset printing
1 Scope
This International Standard defines vocabulary, specifies test methods, characteristics, ordering and labeling
information for blankets for offset printing. This International Standard does not apply to untensioned or unclamped
blankets for offset printing, nor offset printing sleeves used with gapless presses.
Terms and definitions
2
For the purposes of this International Standard, the following terms and definitions apply.
2.1
across direction
direction of the side of the blanket as intended to be applied perpendicular to the direction of rotation
2.2
around-the-cylinder direction
direction of the side of the blanket as intended to be applied in the direction of the rotation
2.3
average thicknes
mean of four measurements on a cut blanket where the measurements have been made on the points indicated in
figure 1, namely on 2 diagonally opposed corners and one each at the middle of the two sides that are
perpendicular to each other within a right triangle
Figure 1 — Thickness measurement points
2.4
blanket
composite body, consisting of coated carrier material, e.g. fabric, used for transfer of the printing ink from the forme
onto material to be printed on, e.g. for offset printing
1
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©
ISO
ISO 12636:1998(E)
2.5
compressibility-deflection
average thickness reduction of a blanket measured under a specific pressure, expressed in millimetres
2.6
compressibility-indentation
average depth of impression, I, in a blanket measured under a specific pressure, expressed in millimetres or as
percentage indentation I
p
2.7
elongation
increase of the dimension in the around-the-cylinder direction of a blanket under longitudinal stress, expressed in
percent of the length at a specified force per width
2.8
packing
underlay material placed under the blanket to adjust the effective thickness of the blanket on press
2.9
printing surface
side of the blanket that is used for the transfer of printing ink
2.10
shrinkage
decrease in thickness due to exposure of the blanket printing surface to a liquid, expressed as a percentage of the
original blanket thickness, or as an absolute thickness decrease in millimetres
2.11
sizes
dimensions (thickness, width and length) of a cut ready-to-use blanket
2.12
swelling
increase in thickness due to exposure of the blanket printing surface to a liquid, expressed as a percentage of the
original blanket thickness, or as an absolute thickness increase in millimetres
2.13
tensile strength
force per unit width required for breaking a blanket under longitudinal stress in the around-the-cylinder direction
2.14
thickness variation
difference between the greatest and the smallest thickness value in millimetres
3 Requirements
3.1 Dimensions
3.1.1 Thickness
The test method according to 4.1 shall be used. For applications with packing the nominal thickness shall be
1,68 mm or 1,95 mm. For applications without packing the nominal thickness should be agreed upon between the
supplier and the user of the product.
NOTE The nominal thickness should be stated in technical descriptions and when ordering.
2
The thickness variations of blankets with an area not in excess of 1,5 m shall be less than ± 0,02 mm, those of
greater sizes shall be less than ± 0,03 mm. No individual thickness measurement shall yield a value which deviates
more than 0,05 mm from the ordered thickness.
2
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©
ISO
ISO 12636:1998(E)
3.1.2 Accuracy of width and length
If one of the sides is 1 m or less, the tolerance shall be ± 3 mm, otherwise it shall be ± 4 mm.
3.1.3 Plan view
The sides of the blanket shall form right angles. The difference between the length of the diagonals and the length
of any two parallel sides shall not exceed 0,5 %.
3.2 Materials and surface finish
No specifications are given. The material formulation and surface finish are the choice of the manufacturer and may
be stated in technical descriptions by the supplier. The surface finish may vary, e.g. cast (molded) or ground
(buffed).
3.3 Elongation
The elongation E shall be less than 1,5 %. The test method according to 4.2 shall be used or any other method
where results can be correlated to those of the test method.
3.4 Tensile strength
For all blankets of thickness 1,68 mm or more, the tensile strength shall be greater than 40 N/mm. The test method
according to 4.3 shall be used or any other method where results can be correlated to those of the test method. For
blankets of lower thickness no specification is given.
3.5 Compressibility
No specification is given. Either test method according to 4.4 or 4.5 shall be used.
NOTE The use of compressibility-deflection or compressibility-indentation method is the choice of the manufacturer and
may be stated by the supplier.
3.6 Thickness change
3.6.1 Swelling or shrinkage due to printing ink ingredients
The thickness change ΔT due to exposure to printing ink ingredients shall not exceed 4 % maximum swelling or 2 %
maximum shrinkage. The test method according to 4.6 for each property shall be used.
3.6.2 Swelling and/or shrinkage due to blanket washes
When testing blanket washes for their compatibility to an offset printing blanket, it is the option of the blanket
manufacturer to report test results using the test method according to 4.6 for each property.
When choosing a blanket cleaning material for composition, it should be tested for compatibility with the blanket.
NOTE The choice of a proper wash is a difficult decision due to the need to balance effectiveness versus safety and
environmental needs.
3.7 Hardness
The overall hardness and the microhardness are not specified in this International Standard. They are the choice of
the manufacturer.
3.8 Cut blanket markings
On the non-printing side of the cut-to-size blanket the following should be reported:
a) Blanket dimensions (average actual thickness, width and length), indicating which dimension is the
around-the-cylinder directio
...
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST ISO 12636:2002
01-november-2002
*UDILþQDWHKQRORJLMD2GWLVQHJXPH]DRIVHWQLWLVN
Graphic technology -- Blankets for offset printing
Technologie graphique -- Blanchets pour impression offset
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: ISO 12636:1998
ICS:
37.100.10 Reprodukcijska oprema Reproduction equipment
SIST ISO 12636:2002 en
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
SIST ISO 12636:2002
---------------------- Page: 2 ----------------------
SIST ISO 12636:2002
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 12636
First edition
1998-07-15
Graphic technology — Blankets for offset
printing
Technologie graphique — Blanchets pour impression offset
A
Reference number
ISO 12636:1998(E)
---------------------- Page: 3 ----------------------
SIST ISO 12636:2002
ISO 12636:1998(E)
Contents Page
1 Scope. 1
Terms and definitions. 1
2
3 Requirements . 2
...............................................................................
4 Test methods 4
Annex A (informative): Equivalence of SI values to FPS values . 8
© ISO 1998
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced
or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and
microfilm, without permission in writing from the publisher.
International Organization for Standardization
Case postale 56 • CH-1211 Genève 20 • Switzerland
Internet iso@iso.ch
Printed in Switzerland
ii
---------------------- Page: 4 ----------------------
SIST ISO 12636:2002
©
ISO ISO 12636:1998(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide
federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of
preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO
technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which
a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented
on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-
governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO
collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission
(IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are
circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International
Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting
a vote.
International Standard ISO 12636 was prepared by Technical Committee
ISO/TC 130, Graphic technology.
Annex A of this International Standard is for information only.
iii
---------------------- Page: 5 ----------------------
SIST ISO 12636:2002
©
ISO 12636:1998(E) ISO
Introduction
The blanket is an essential part of every offset printing press. Its properties
exert a profound influence on the mechanical conditions within the press
and the visual characteristics of the prints produced. It is therefore useful to
provide test methods, unified data, and tolerances for some essential
properties of the blankets. This permits the suppliers to state properties of
blanket types in a unified and well-known manner. It also helps the printer
to select the appropriate blanket type for a particular press type or press
condition. A further benefit is that the design of printing presses can be
based on blanket data resulting from unified test methods.
iv
---------------------- Page: 6 ----------------------
SIST ISO 12636:2002
©
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO ISO 12636:1998(E)
Graphic technology — Blankets for offset printing
1 Scope
This International Standard defines vocabulary, specifies test methods, characteristics, ordering and labeling
information for blankets for offset printing. This International Standard does not apply to untensioned or unclamped
blankets for offset printing, nor offset printing sleeves used with gapless presses.
Terms and definitions
2
For the purposes of this International Standard, the following terms and definitions apply.
2.1
across direction
direction of the side of the blanket as intended to be applied perpendicular to the direction of rotation
2.2
around-the-cylinder direction
direction of the side of the blanket as intended to be applied in the direction of the rotation
2.3
average thicknes
mean of four measurements on a cut blanket where the measurements have been made on the points indicated in
figure 1, namely on 2 diagonally opposed corners and one each at the middle of the two sides that are
perpendicular to each other within a right triangle
Figure 1 — Thickness measurement points
2.4
blanket
composite body, consisting of coated carrier material, e.g. fabric, used for transfer of the printing ink from the forme
onto material to be printed on, e.g. for offset printing
1
---------------------- Page: 7 ----------------------
SIST ISO 12636:2002
©
ISO
ISO 12636:1998(E)
2.5
compressibility-deflection
average thickness reduction of a blanket measured under a specific pressure, expressed in millimetres
2.6
compressibility-indentation
average depth of impression, I, in a blanket measured under a specific pressure, expressed in millimetres or as
percentage indentation I
p
2.7
elongation
increase of the dimension in the around-the-cylinder direction of a blanket under longitudinal stress, expressed in
percent of the length at a specified force per width
2.8
packing
underlay material placed under the blanket to adjust the effective thickness of the blanket on press
2.9
printing surface
side of the blanket that is used for the transfer of printing ink
2.10
shrinkage
decrease in thickness due to exposure of the blanket printing surface to a liquid, expressed as a percentage of the
original blanket thickness, or as an absolute thickness decrease in millimetres
2.11
sizes
dimensions (thickness, width and length) of a cut ready-to-use blanket
2.12
swelling
increase in thickness due to exposure of the blanket printing surface to a liquid, expressed as a percentage of the
original blanket thickness, or as an absolute thickness increase in millimetres
2.13
tensile strength
force per unit width required for breaking a blanket under longitudinal stress in the around-the-cylinder direction
2.14
thickness variation
difference between the greatest and the smallest thickness value in millimetres
3 Requirements
3.1 Dimensions
3.1.1 Thickness
The test method according to 4.1 shall be used. For applications with packing the nominal thickness shall be
1,68 mm or 1,95 mm. For applications without packing the nominal thickness should be agreed upon between the
supplier and the user of the product.
NOTE The nominal thickness should be stated in technical descriptions and when ordering.
2
The thickness variations of blankets with an area not in excess of 1,5 m shall be less than ± 0,02 mm, those of
greater sizes shall be less than ± 0,03 mm. No individual thickness measurement shall yield a value which deviates
more than 0,05 mm from the ordered thickness.
2
---------------------- Page: 8 ----------------------
SIST ISO 12636:2002
©
ISO
ISO 12636:1998(E)
3.1.2 Accuracy of width and length
If one of the sides is 1 m or less, the tolerance shall be ± 3 mm, otherwise it shall be ± 4 mm.
3.1.3 Plan view
The sides of the blanket shall form right angles. The difference between the length of the diagonals and the length
of any two parallel sides shall not exceed 0,5 %.
3.2 Materials and surface finish
No specifications are given. The material formulation and surface finish are the choice of the manufacturer and may
be stated in technical descriptions by the supplier. The surface finish may vary, e.g. cast (molded) or ground
(buffed).
3.3 Elongation
The elongation E shall be less than 1,5 %. The test method according to 4.2 shall be used or any other method
where results can be correlated to those of the test method.
3.4 Tensile strength
For all blankets of thickness 1,68 mm or more, the tensile strength shall be greater than 40 N/mm. The test method
according to 4.3 shall be used or any other method where results can be correlated to those of the test method. For
blankets of lower thickness no specification is given.
3.5 Compressibility
No specification is given. Either test method according to 4.4 or 4.5 shall be used.
NOTE The use of compressibility-deflection or compressibility-indentation method is the choice of the manufacturer and
may be stated by the supplier.
3.6 Thickness change
3.6.1 Swelling or shrinkage due to printing ink ingredients
The thickness change ΔT due to exposure to printing ink ingredients shall not exceed 4 % maximum swelling or 2 %
maximum shrinkage. The test method according to 4.6 for each property shall be used.
3.6.2 Swelling and/or shrinkage due to blanket washes
When testing blanket washes for their compatibility to an offset printing blanket, it is the option of the blanket
manufacturer to report test results using the test method according to 4.6 for each property.
When choosing a blanket cleaning material for composition, it should be tested for compatibility with the blanket.
NOTE The choice of a proper wash is a difficult decision due to the
...
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