ISO 489:1983
(Main)Plastics — Determination of the refractive index of transparent plastics
Plastics — Determination of the refractive index of transparent plastics
Plastiques — Détermination de l'indice de réfraction des plastiques transparents
Polimerni materiali - Določanje lomnega količnika prozornih polimernih materialov
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International Standard
INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION FOR STANDARDIZATIONWlE>YHAPO~HAR OPrAHH3ALWlR IlO CTAH&WTH3Al.Wl@ORGANlSATlON INTERNATIONALE DE NORMALISATION
Plastics - Determination of the refractive index of
transparent plastics
Plastiques - Dhtermina tion de Kindice de rbfrac tion des plastiques transparen ts
First edition - 1983-12-15
UDC 678.5/.8 : 535.32 Ref. No. IS0 489-1983 E)
tests, determination, refractivity, refractometric analysis, immersion tests.
Descriptors : plastics, transparent plastics,
Price based on 3 pages
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
Foreword - - -
IS0 (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of
national standards bodies (IS0 member bodies) .- The work of developing International
Standards is carried out through IS0 technical committees. Every member body
interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been authorized has the
right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental
and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to
the member bodies for approval before their acceptance as International Standards by
the IS0 Council.
International Standard IS0 489 was developed by Technical Committee ISO/TC 61,
Plastics.
It was submitted directly to the IS0 Council, in accordance with clause 6.11.2 of part 1
of the Directives for the technical work of ISO. It cancels and replaces IS0 Recommen-
dation R 489-1966, which had been approved by the member bodies of the following
countries :
Australia India Spain
Austria Italy Sweden
Belgium Japan Switzerland
United Kingdom
Chile Netherlands
Czechoslovakia New Zealand USA
Finland Poland USSR
France Portugal Yugoslavia
Germany, F. R. Romania
Hungary South Africa, Rep. of
No member body had expressed disapproval of the document.
International Organization for Standardization, 1983
0
Printed in Switzerland
---------------------- Page: 2 ----------------------
IS0 4894983 (E)
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD
Plastics .-- Det&mination of the refractive index of
. .__
_
transparent plastics -
._
1 Scope and field of application substage condenser capable of being stopped down to a very
narrow axial beam.
1 .I This International Standard specifies two methods of test
for determining the refractive index of transparent plastics, 2.2.2 Immersion liquids, with different refractive indices
namely (see 5.2).
Method A: Refractometric method for measuring the
3 Preparation of test specimens
refractive index of transparent cast, moulded or sheet
materials by means of a refractometer. The method is
3.1 Method A
recommended when great accuracy is required. It is not ap-
plicable to powdered or granulated transparent materials.
The test specimens cut from the sample should be of such a
size as will fit on the face of the fixed half of the refractometer
Method B: Immersion method (Becke line phenomenon)
prisms.
for determining the refractive index of powdered or
granulated transparent materials by means of a microscope
The following dimensions are convenient:
and making use of the Becke line phenomenon.
Monochromatic light should, in general, be used to avoid
width 6mm
dispersion effects. The accuracy of this method is about the
same as that of method A.
length 12 mm
1.2 Refractive index is a fundamental property which can be
thickness 3mm
used for the control of purity and composition, for the iden-
tification of materials and for the design of optical parts.
For maximum accuracy the surface of the test specimen in con-
tact with the prism should be quite flat and well polished.
The change of refractive index with temperature may give an
Satisfactory contact between the test specimen and the prism
indication of transition points of materials.
is indicated by the dividing line between the light and dark
halves of the eyepiece field appearing sharp and straight. A
second surface with a fair polish is prepared perpendicular to
the first and on one end of the test specimen.
2 Apparatus and materials
These two polished surfaces should intersect along a sharp line
2.1 Method A
without a bevelled or rounded edge.
2.1.1 Abbe refractometer or any other refractometer that
For anisotropic materials, see 5.3.
can be shown to give the same results.
3.2 Method B
2.1.2 Source of white light.
The sample consists of particles of the material to be examined,
for example powder, granules, or chips. The particles should
2.1.3 Contacting liquid (see 5.1).
have linear dimensions sufficiently small and be so distributed
as to permit simultaneous observation of approximately equal
2.2 Method B
areas of the sample and surrounding in the field.
2.2.1 Microscope, having a magnifying power of at least The thickness of the particles should be significantly less than
X 200, an 8 mm objective of good quality, and a centring the working distance of the microscope objective.
1
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IS0 4894983 (El
Precision: about 0,001 when experienced technicians use the
4 Procedure
method with extreme care; for thicknesses of test specimens
less than 0,030 mm, the precision is greater than 0,001.
4.1 Method A
The procedure for the Abbe refractometer is described here.
5 Notes on procedure
For other refractometers the procedure may be modified, if
necessary.
5.1 The contacting liquid should have a refractive index that
is higher than that of the material to be-examined and should
Carry out the determination at 20 + 0,5 OC.
not soften, attack or dissolve the plastics material.
Place a small drop of the contacting iiquid on th
...
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST ISO 489:1996
01-junij-1996
3ROLPHUQLPDWHULDOL'RORþDQMHORPQHJDNROLþQLNDSUR]RUQLKSROLPHUQLKPDWHULDORY
Plastics -- Determination of the refractive index of transparent plastics
Plastiques -- Détermination de l'indice de réfraction des plastiques transparents
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: ISO 489:1983
ICS:
83.080.01 Polimerni materiali na Plastics in general
splošno
SIST ISO 489:1996 en
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
SIST ISO 489:1996
---------------------- Page: 2 ----------------------
SIST ISO 489:1996
International Standard
INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION FOR STANDARDIZATIONWlE>YHAPO~HAR OPrAHH3ALWlR IlO CTAH&WTH3Al.Wl@ORGANlSATlON INTERNATIONALE DE NORMALISATION
Plastics - Determination of the refractive index of
transparent plastics
Plastiques - Dhtermina tion de Kindice de rbfrac tion des plastiques transparen ts
First edition - 1983-12-15
UDC 678.5/.8 : 535.32 Ref. No. IS0 489-1983 E)
tests, determination, refractivity, refractometric analysis, immersion tests.
Descriptors : plastics, transparent plastics,
Price based on 3 pages
---------------------- Page: 3 ----------------------
SIST ISO 489:1996
Foreword - - -
IS0 (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of
national standards bodies (IS0 member bodies) .- The work of developing International
Standards is carried out through IS0 technical committees. Every member body
interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been authorized has the
right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental
and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to
the member bodies for approval before their acceptance as International Standards by
the IS0 Council.
International Standard IS0 489 was developed by Technical Committee ISO/TC 61,
Plastics.
It was submitted directly to the IS0 Council, in accordance with clause 6.11.2 of part 1
of the Directives for the technical work of ISO. It cancels and replaces IS0 Recommen-
dation R 489-1966, which had been approved by the member bodies of the following
countries :
Australia India Spain
Austria Italy Sweden
Belgium Japan Switzerland
United Kingdom
Chile Netherlands
Czechoslovakia New Zealand USA
Finland Poland USSR
France Portugal Yugoslavia
Germany, F. R. Romania
Hungary South Africa, Rep. of
No member body had expressed disapproval of the document.
International Organization for Standardization, 1983
0
Printed in Switzerland
---------------------- Page: 4 ----------------------
SIST ISO 489:1996
IS0 4894983 (E)
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD
Plastics .-- Det&mination of the refractive index of
. .__
_
transparent plastics -
._
1 Scope and field of application substage condenser capable of being stopped down to a very
narrow axial beam.
1 .I This International Standard specifies two methods of test
for determining the refractive index of transparent plastics, 2.2.2 Immersion liquids, with different refractive indices
namely (see 5.2).
Method A: Refractometric method for measuring the
3 Preparation of test specimens
refractive index of transparent cast, moulded or sheet
materials by means of a refractometer. The method is
3.1 Method A
recommended when great accuracy is required. It is not ap-
plicable to powdered or granulated transparent materials.
The test specimens cut from the sample should be of such a
size as will fit on the face of the fixed half of the refractometer
Method B: Immersion method (Becke line phenomenon)
prisms.
for determining the refractive index of powdered or
granulated transparent materials by means of a microscope
The following dimensions are convenient:
and making use of the Becke line phenomenon.
Monochromatic light should, in general, be used to avoid
width 6mm
dispersion effects. The accuracy of this method is about the
same as that of method A.
length 12 mm
1.2 Refractive index is a fundamental property which can be
thickness 3mm
used for the control of purity and composition, for the iden-
tification of materials and for the design of optical parts.
For maximum accuracy the surface of the test specimen in con-
tact with the prism should be quite flat and well polished.
The change of refractive index with temperature may give an
Satisfactory contact between the test specimen and the prism
indication of transition points of materials.
is indicated by the dividing line between the light and dark
halves of the eyepiece field appearing sharp and straight. A
second surface with a fair polish is prepared perpendicular to
the first and on one end of the test specimen.
2 Apparatus and materials
These two polished surfaces should intersect along a sharp line
2.1 Method A
without a bevelled or rounded edge.
2.1.1 Abbe refractometer or any other refractometer that
For anisotropic materials, see 5.3.
can be shown to give the same results.
3.2 Method B
2.1.2 Source of white light.
The sample consists of particles of the material to be examined,
for example powder, granules, or chips. The particles should
2.1.3 Contacting liquid (see 5.1).
have linear dimensions sufficiently small and be so distributed
as to permit simultaneous observation of approximately equal
2.2 Method B
areas of the sample and surrounding in the field.
2.2.1 Microscope, having a magnifying power of at least The thickness of the particles should be significantly less than
X 200, an 8 mm objective of good quality, and a centring the working distance of the microscope objective.
1
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SIST ISO 489:1996
IS0 4894983 (El
Precision: about 0,001 when experienced technicians use the
4 Procedure
method with extreme care; for thicknesses of test specimens
...
Norme internationale 489
~~
INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION FOR STANDARDIZATIONOMEMYHAPOAHAR OPTAHHJAUWR fl0 CTAHAAPTH3AUHH.ORGANlSATlON INTERNATIONALE DE NORMALISATION
Plastiques - Détermination de l'indice de réfraction
".,
des plastiques transparents
plastics - Determination of the refractive index of transparent plastics
Première édition - 1983-12-15
I CDU 678.5/.8:535.32 Réf. no : IS0 489-1983 (FI
LL
-
Descripteurs : plastique, plastique transparent, essai, détermination, réfringence, méthode par réfractométrie, méthode par immersion.
f
-
@
O
E2 Prix basé sur 3 pages
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
Avant-propos
L'ISO (Organisation internationale de normalisation) est une fédération mondiale
d'organismes nationaux de normalisation (comités membres de I'ISO). L'élaboration
des Normes internationales est confiée aux comités techniques de 1'60. Chaque
comité membre intéressé par une étude a le droit de faire partie du comité technique
correspondant. Les organisations internationales, gouvernementales et non gouverne-
mentales, en liaison avec I'ISO, participent également aux travaux.
Les projets de Normes internationales adoptés par les comités techniques sont soumis
aux comités membres pour approbation, avant leur acceptation comme Normes inter-
le Conseil de I'ISO.
nationales par
La Norme internationale IS0 489 a été élaborée par le comité technique ISO/TC 61,
Plastiques.
Elle fut soumise directement au Conseil de I'ISO, conformément au paragraphe 6.11.2
de la partie 1 des Directives pour les travaux techniques de I'ISO. Elle annule et rem-
place la Recommandation ISO/R 489-1966 qui avait été approuvée par les comités
membres des pays suivants:
Allemagne, R.F.
Hongrie Royaume-Uni
Afrique du Sud, Rép. d'
Inde Suède
Australie Italie Suisse
Autriche Japon Tchécoslovaquie
Belgique Nouvelle-Zélande URSS
Chili Pays-Bas USA
Espagne Pologne Yougoslavie
--
Finlande Portugal
France Roumanie
Aucun comité membre ne l'avait désapprouvée.
@ Organisation internationale de normalisation, 1983 O
Imprimé en Suisse
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NORME INTERNATIONALE IS0 489-1983 (F)
Plastiques - Détermination de l'indice de réfraction
des ptastiques transparents
2.1.3 Liquide de contact (voir 5.1).
1 Objet et domaine d'application
1.1 La présente Norme internationale spécifie deux méthodes 2.2 Méthode B
d'essai pour la détermination de l'indice de réfraction des plasti-
ques transparents, à savoir:
2.2.1 Microscope, ayant un grossissement d'au moins
X 200, un objectif de 8 mm de bonne qualité et un montage de
Méthode A: Méthode réfractométrique destinée à mesurer
condenseurs, centrable, pouvant être diaphragmé jusqu'à lais-
l'indice de réfraction des plastiques transparents, soit en
ser passer un faisceau pratiquement axial.
feuilles, soit moulés ou coulés, au moyen d'un réfractomè-
tre. La méthode est recommandée lorsqu'une grande préci-
2.2.2 Liquides d'immersion, ayant des indices de réfraction
sion est nécessaire. Elle n'est pas applicable aux plastiques
différents (voir 5.2).
transparents en poudre ou en granulés.
Méthode B: Méthode d'immersion (phénomène de la ligne
3 Préparation des éprouvettes
de Becke) destinée à déterminer l'indice de réfraction de
plastiques transparents en poudre ou en granules à l'aide
d'un microscope, par le moyen du phénomène de la ligne de
3.1 Méthode A
Becke. La lumière monochromatique sera, en général, utili-
sée pour éviter des effets de dispersion. La précision de
Les éprouvettes façonnées à partir de l'échantillon doivent avoir
cette méthode est approximativement la même que celle de
des dimensions telles qu'elles puissent être placées sur la face
la méthode A.
de la moitié fixe des prismes du réfractomètre.
'2-
Les dimensions suivantes sont satisfaisantes:
1.2 L'indice de réfraction est une propriété fondamentale qui
peut être utilisée pour contrôler la pureté et la composition des
largeur 6 mm
matières, pour leur identification et pour la conception de piè-
ces d'optique.
longueur 12 mm
La variation de l'indice de réfraction suivant la température peut
épaisseur 3 rnm
donner des indications relatives aux points de transition des
matières.
Pour obtenir la précision maximale, la surface de l'éprouvette
en contact avec le prisme doit être parfaitement plane et bien
polie. Un contact satisfaisant entre l'éprouvette et le prisme est
2 Appareillage et produits
obtenu lorsque la ligne qui sépare les deux moitiés du champ de
l'oculaire, l'une claire et l'autre sombre, apparaît nette et rectili-
gne. Préparer sur une des extrémités de l'éprouvette une
2.1 Méthode A
seconde surface parfaitement polie et perpendiculaire à la pre-
mière.
2.1.1 Réfractomètre d'Abbe, ou tout autre réfractomètre à
condition qu'il ait été démontré qu'il donne les mêmes résul-
Ces deux surfaces polies doivent se couper suivant une ligne
tats.
bien nette, ne présentant ni biseau, ni arrondi.
Dans le cas de matériaux anisotropes, voir 5.3.
2.1.2 Source de lumière blanche.
1
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IS0 489-1983 (FI
Si l'on abaisse le foyer, la ligne de Becke se déplace vers le
3.2 Méthode B
milieu qui possède l'indice de réfraction le plus bas.
L'échantillon est constitué par des particules de la matière à
Répéter l'essai avec des préparations à base d'autres liquides
examiner, par exemple poudre, granules ou fragments. Les par-
d'immersion ayant des indices de réfraction connus et des par-
ticules doivent avoir des dimensions suffisamment réduites et
ticules de la matière à examiner, jusqu'à ce qu'une équivalence
elles doivent être réparties de facon à permettre l'observation
soit trouvée ou que l'indice de l'éprouvette soit situé entre deux
simultanée de surfaces approximativement égales de I'échantil-
indices connus dans les séries de liquides étalons. Lorsque le
Ion et de son milieu d'immersion dans le champ de l'objectif du
phénomène de la ligne de Becke ne se produit pas, l'indice de
microscope.
réfraction de la matière à examiner est égal à l'indice de réfrac-
L'épaisseur des particules doit être notablement inférieure à la tion du liquide d'immersion utilisé po
...
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