ISO 17887:2025
(Main)Traceability of rare earths in the supply chain from separated products to permanent magnets
Traceability of rare earths in the supply chain from separated products to permanent magnets
This document specifies ways in which rare earths can be traced as they move through the supply chain between the separated products to rare earth permanent magnets, or otherwise to be further processed. The documented traceability information is applicable to purchasers, suppliers, and users of rare earth permanent magnets to identify parties in the supply chain who have processed a given shipment of rare earth material, the location of that rare earth material as it passes between supply chain nodes. The documented traceability information is also applicable to supply chain actors and end users who use this information to check the validity of any claims made on the rare earth permanent magnets concerning sustainability, environmental impact, or recycled material content.
Traçabilité des terres rares dans la chaîne d'approvisionnement, des produits séparés aux aimants permanents
General Information
Buy Standard
Standards Content (Sample)
International
Standard
ISO 17887
First edition
Traceability of rare earths in
2025-08
the supply chain from separated
products to permanent magnets
Traçabilité des terres rares dans la chaîne d'approvisionnement,
des produits séparés aux aimants permanents
Reference number
© ISO 2025
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on
the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below
or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: +41 22 749 01 11
Email: copyright@iso.org
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii
Contents Page
Forward .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Planning a traceability system . 5
4.1 General .5
4.2 Documented information .5
4.3 Counterparties.6
4.4 Unique identifier (UI) .6
5 Operation of traceability system . 6
5.1 General .6
5.2 Chain of custody .7
5.2.1 General .7
5.2.2 Chain of custody requirements .7
5.3 Identification .8
6 Distributed-ledger-based traceability platform . 9
6.1 Fundamental attributes .9
6.2 Basic support.9
6.3 Supply chain node .9
6.4 Transaction .9
6.5 Context .10
6.5.1 General .10
6.5.2 Trusted supply chain nodes .10
6.5.3 Other supply chain nodes .10
6.5.4 Other contextual data .10
6.6 Events .10
6.7 Transformation .10
6.8 Data privacy and security.11
6.8.1 Privacy .11
6.8.2 Security . . .11
6.9 Interoperability.11
7 Performance evaluation .12
8 Improvement .12
8.1 General . 12
8.2 Nonconformity and corrective actions . 12
Annex A (informative) Supply chain nodes with and without transformations .13
Bibliography .16
iii
Forward
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through
ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee
has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations,
governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely
with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described
in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the different types
of ISO document should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the
ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
ISO draws attention to the possibility that the implementation of this document may involve the use of (a)
patent(s). ISO takes no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of any claimed patent
rights in respect thereof. As of the date of publication of this document, ISO had not received notice of (a)
patent(s) which may be required to implement this document. However, implementers are cautioned that
this may not represent the latest information, which may be obtained from the patent database available at
www.iso.org/patents. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions
related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the World Trade
Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 298, Rare earth.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www.iso.org/members.html.
iv
Introduction
0.1 General
The adoption of a traceability system is a strategic decision for an organization that can assist in
understanding the supply chain of its goods, products and services. A traceability system is a useful tool
to assist an organization operating within a rare earth supply chain to allow traceability, i.e., between its
original material source and its final product manufacturing destination including recycling, and to achieve
defined goals and objectives within their overall material management system(s). The design of a traceability
system is influenced by regulations, product characteristics, and end-user expectations. The complexity of
the traceability system varies depending on the nature of the product(s) within the supply chain, the sources
of inputs, and the objectives to be achieved.
While implementation of materials traceability is legally mandatory in many countries, the implementation
of a traceability system by an organization also depends on:
— technical limits inherent to the supply chain organization and products (i.e., nature of the materials, size
of the lots, collection and transport procedures, processing, and packaging methods);
— the cost and benefits of applying such a system;
— the characteristics of processing;
— the environmental impact, waste treatment and disposal processing.
The potential benefits of implementing a traceability system based on this document are:
— the ability to trace rare earth materials and products between separated products and permanent
magnet products;
— the premium value of being able to demonstrate product quality through credible evidence of, for example,
production with verifiable sustainability claims as provided by a trustworthy traceability system;
— to reduce and prevent pollution;
— promotion of environmentally responsible and production with verifiable sustainability claims of rare
earths permanent magnet products including through the circular economy;
— to align a rare earth supply chain with sustainable development goals;
— to provide better service for users and customers by supplying quality products.
This document can be used by all participants in the rare earth supply chain. However, it is not the intent of
this document to specify the need for:
— complete uniformity in the structure of traceability systems for different rare earth supply chains;
— alignment of documentation to the clause structure of this document;
— use of the specific terminology of this document within the rare earth supply chain.
This document specifies factors enabling the traceability of rare earths in the supply chain between
separated products to permanent magnets.
In this document:
— “shall” indicates a requirement;
— “should” indicates a recommendation;
— “may” indicates a permission;
— “can” indicates a possibility or a capability.
v
Information marked “NOTE” is for guidance in understanding or clarifying the associated requirement.
0.2 Description
This document describes a traceability system covering the rare earth supply
...
FINAL DRAFT
International
Standard
ISO/FDIS 17887
ISO/TC 298
Traceability of rare earths in
Secretariat: SAC
the supply chain from separated
Voting begins on:
products to permanent magnets
2025-05-13
Voting terminates on:
2025-07-08
RECIPIENTS OF THIS DRAFT ARE INVITED TO SUBMIT,
WITH THEIR COMMENTS, NOTIFICATION OF ANY
RELEVANT PATENT RIGHTS OF WHICH THEY ARE AWARE
AND TO PROVIDE SUPPOR TING DOCUMENTATION.
IN ADDITION TO THEIR EVALUATION AS
BEING ACCEPTABLE FOR INDUSTRIAL, TECHNO
LOGICAL, COMMERCIAL AND USER PURPOSES, DRAFT
INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS MAY ON OCCASION HAVE
TO BE CONSIDERED IN THE LIGHT OF THEIR POTENTIAL
TO BECOME STAN DARDS TO WHICH REFERENCE MAY BE
MADE IN NATIONAL REGULATIONS.
Reference number
ISO/FDIS 17887:2025(en) © ISO 2025
FINAL DRAFT
ISO/FDIS 17887:2025(en)
International
Standard
ISO/FDIS 17887
ISO/TC 298
Traceability of rare earths in
Secretariat: SAC
the supply chain from separated
Voting begins on:
products to permanent magnets
Voting terminates on:
RECIPIENTS OF THIS DRAFT ARE INVITED TO SUBMIT,
WITH THEIR COMMENTS, NOTIFICATION OF ANY
RELEVANT PATENT RIGHTS OF WHICH THEY ARE AWARE
AND TO PROVIDE SUPPOR TING DOCUMENTATION.
© ISO 2025
IN ADDITION TO THEIR EVALUATION AS
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
BEING ACCEPTABLE FOR INDUSTRIAL, TECHNO
LOGICAL, COMMERCIAL AND USER PURPOSES, DRAFT
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on
INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS MAY ON OCCASION HAVE
the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below
TO BE CONSIDERED IN THE LIGHT OF THEIR POTENTIAL
or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
TO BECOME STAN DARDS TO WHICH REFERENCE MAY BE
MADE IN NATIONAL REGULATIONS.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: +41 22 749 01 11
Email: copyright@iso.org
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland Reference number
ISO/FDIS 17887:2025(en) © ISO 2025
ii
ISO/FDIS 17887:2025(en)
Contents Page
Forward .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Planning a traceability system . 5
4.1 General .5
4.2 Documented information .5
4.3 Counterparties.6
4.4 Unique identifier (UI) .6
5 Operation of traceability system . 6
5.1 General .6
5.2 Chain of custody .7
5.2.1 General .7
5.2.2 Chain of custody requirements .7
5.3 Identification .8
6 Distributed-ledger-based traceability platform . 9
6.1 Fundamental attributes .9
6.2 Basic support.9
6.3 Supply chain node .9
6.4 Transaction .9
6.5 Context .10
6.5.1 General .10
6.5.2 Trusted supply chain nodes .10
6.5.3 Other supply chain nodes .10
6.5.4 Other contextual data .10
6.6 Events .10
6.7 Transformation .10
6.8 Data privacy and security.11
6.8.1 Privacy .11
6.8.2 Security . . .11
6.9 Interoperability.11
7 Performance evaluation .12
8 Improvement .12
8.1 General . 12
8.2 Nonconformity and corrective actions . 12
Annex A (informative) Supply chain nodes with and without transformations .13
Bibliography .16
iii
ISO/FDIS 17887:2025(en)
Forward
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through
ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee
has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations,
governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely
with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described
in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the different types
of ISO document should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the
ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
ISO draws attention to the possibility that the implementation of this document may involve the use of (a)
patent(s). ISO takes no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of any claimed patent
rights in respect thereof. As of the date of publication of this document, ISO had not received notice of (a)
patent(s) which may be required to implement this document. However, implementers are cautioned that
this may not represent the latest information, which may be obtained from the patent database available at
www.iso.org/patents. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions
related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the World Trade
Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 298, Rare earth.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www.iso.org/members.html.
iv
ISO/FDIS 17887:2025(en)
Introduction
0.1 General
The adoption of a traceability system is a strategic decision for an organization that can assist in
understanding the supply chain of its goods, products and services. A traceability system is a useful tool
to assist an organization operating within a rare earth supply chain to allow traceability, i.e., between its
original material source and its final product manufacturing destination including recycling, and to achieve
defined goals and objectives within their overall material management system(s). The design of a traceability
system is influenced by regulations, product characteristics, and end-user expectations. The complexity of
the traceability system varies depending on the nature of the product(s) within the supply chain, the sources
of inputs, and the objectives to be achieved.
While implementation of materials traceability is legally mandatory in many countries, the implementation
of a traceability system by an organization also depends on:
— technical limits inherent to the supply chain organization and products (i.e., nature of the materials, size
of the lots, collection and transport procedures, processing, and packaging methods);
— the cost and benefits of applying such a system;
— the characteristics of processing;
— the environmental impact, waste treatment and disposal processing.
The potential benefits of implementing a traceability system based on this document are:
— the ability to trace rare earth materials and products between separated products and permanent
magnet products;
— the premium value of being able to demonstrate product quality through credible evidence of, for example,
production with verifiable sustainability claims as provided by a trustworthy traceability system;
— to reduce and prevent pollution;
— promotion of environmentally responsible and production with verifiable sustainability claims of rare
earths permanent magnet products in
...
ISO/DISFDIS 17887:2024(en)
ISO/TC 298/WG 3
Secretariat: SAC
Date: 2025-01-0604-29
Traceability of rare earths in the supply chain from
separated products to permanent magnets
FDIS stage
ISO/DISFDIS 17887:20242025(en)
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication
may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying,
or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO
at the address below or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: + 41 22 749 01 11
E-mail: copyright@iso.org
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
iii
ISO/FDIS 17887:2025(en)
Contents Page
Forward . v
Introduction . vi
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Planning a traceability system . 5
4.1 General. 5
4.2 Documented information . 6
4.3 Counterparties . 6
4.4 Unique identifier (UI) . 6
5 Operation of traceability system . 7
5.1 General. 7
5.2 Chain of custody . 7
5.3 Identification . 9
6 Distributed-ledger-based traceability platform . 9
6.1 Fundamental attributes . 9
6.2 Basic support . 9
6.3 Supply chain node . 10
6.4 Transaction . 10
6.5 Context . 10
6.6 Events . 11
6.7 Transformation . 11
6.8 Data privacy and security . 12
6.9 Interoperability . 12
7 Performance evaluation . 12
8 Improvement . 13
8.1 General. 13
8.2 Nonconformity and corrective actions. 13
Annex A (informative) Supply chain nodes with and without transformations . 14
Bibliography . 17
iv
ISO/DISFDIS 17887:20242025(en)
Forward
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through
ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been
established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and
non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the
International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described
in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the different types of
ISO document should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the
ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
ISO draws attention to the possibility that the implementation of this document may involve the use of (a)
patent(s). ISO takes no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of any claimed patent rights
in respect thereof. As of the date of publication of this document, ISO [had/had not] received notice of (a)
patent(s) which may be required to implement this document. However, implementers are cautioned that this
may not represent the latest information, which may be obtained from the patent database available at
www.iso.org/patents. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions
related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the World Trade
Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see
www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 298, Rare
earth.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 298, Rare earth.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www.iso.org/members.html.
Field Code Changed
v
ISO/FDIS 17887:2025(en)
Introduction
0.1 0.1 General
The adoption of a traceability system is a strategic decision for an organization that can assist in understanding
the supply chain of its goods, products and services. A traceability system is a useful tool to assist an
organization operating within a rare earth supply chain to allow traceability, i.e., between its original material
source and its final product manufacturing destination including recycling, and to achieve defined goals and
objectives within their overall material management system(s). The design of a traceability system is
influenced by regulations, product characteristics, and end-user expectations. The complexity of the
traceability system varies depending on the nature of the product(s) within the supply chain, the sources of
inputs, and the objectives to be achieved.
While implementation of materials traceability is legally mandatory in many countries, the implementation of
a traceability system by an organization also depends on:
— — technical limits inherent to the supply chain organization and products (i.e., nature of the materials,
size of the lots, collection and transport procedures, processing, and packaging methods);
— — the cost and benefits of applying such a system;
— — the characteristics of processing;
— — the environmental impact, waste treatment and disposal processing.
The potential benefits of implementing a traceability system based on this document are:
— — the ability to trace rare earth materials and products between separated products and permanent
magnet products;
— — the premium value of being able to demonstrate product quality through credible evidence of, for
example, production with verifiable sustainability claims as provided by a trustworthy traceability system;
— — to reduce and prevent pollution;
— — promotion of environmentally responsible and production with verifiable sustainability claims of rare
earths permanent magnet products including through the circular economy;
— — to align a rare earth supply chain with sustainable development goals;
— — to provide better service for users and customers by supplying quality products.
This document can be used by all participants in the rare earth supply chain. However, it is not the intent of
this document to specify the need for:
— — complete uniformity in the structure of traceability systems for different rare earth supply chains;
— — alignment of documentation to the clause structure of this document;
— — use of the specific terminology of this document within the rare earth supply chain.
This document specifies factors enabling the traceability of rare earths in the supply chain between separated
products to permanent magnets.
In this document:
vi
ISO/DISFDIS 17887:20242025(en)
— — “shall” indicates a requirement;
— — “should” indicates a recommendation;
— — “may” indicates a permission;
— — “can” indicates a possibility or a capability.
Information marked “NOTE” is for guidance in understanding or clarifying the associated requirement.
0.2 0.2 Description
This document describes a traceability system covering the rare earth supply chain between separated rare
earth products and rare earth permanent magnets. This document specifies standards for digital traceability
systems enabling supply chain members to access digitally verifiable information relating to rare earth
materials or products as they pass through the supply chain. This information will includeincludes the digital
identity of each product manufacturer in the supply chain which has handled the rare earth material, product
shipment, or production, or both, and recycling. This document will thereby makemakes it possible for the
purchasers of rare earth permanent magnets or magnet-making precursor to identify the product
manufacturers in the supply chain that were involved in either the production or recycling processes, or both.
This document is an extension of the traceability of rare earths in the supply chain from mine to separated
products (see ISO 23664). This extension beyond the separated products is important to provide assurance to
consumers that their products contain traceable rare earths and to align the entire rare earth supply chain
between mine and finished goods with sustainable development goals in mind. Although it is not a
requirement to link the requirements in this document with ISO 23664, it can be useful to do so if the goal is
to define a traceability system that spans the entire supply chain from mine to permanent magnet.
The types of businesses in the rare earth supply chain that are considered in this document are the following:
a) a) Separation production — In which mixed rare earth products from hydrometallurgical plants are
separated into one or more relatively pure products each containing one or more specific rare earths to
the substantial exclusion of other rare earths.
b) b) Metal production — Process in which the separated rare earth products such as rare earth oxides are
reduced to rare earth metals.
c) c) Master alloy production — Process in which a rare earth metal is alloyed with one or more elements
to provide a master alloy of the required chemical composition that is a suitable precursor for the
manufacture of a rare earth permanent magnet(s).
d) d) Magnet production — Process in which the rare earth master alloy is transformed into a rare earth
permanent magnet, with suitable material properties and technologically useful magnetic properties e.g.,
remanence, coercivity, Curie temperature etc, for use in applications e.g., electric motors, wind turbine
generators etc.
e) e) Traders, brokers, and wholesalers — Entities that handle rare earths products, generally the materials
such as oxides, metals, and alloys, possibly re-package or blend powdery material, but otherwise do not
change the chemical or physical nature of the rare earth-bearing material,
f) f) Recycler — Entities that collect, sort, and extract rare-earth-containing materials such as swarf,
magnet scrap, and other rare-earth-containing materials that can
...
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