ISO/TR 22099:2025

Application examples for using reaction-to-fire test data for fire safety engineering

This document provides three examples of the use of reaction-to-fire test data for fire safety engineering (FSE).

Exemples d'applications de l'utilisation des données des essais de réaction au feu pour l'ingénierie de la sécurité incendie

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 27-May-2025
• ICS: 13.220.50 - Fire-resistance of building materials and elements
• Technical Committee: ISO/TC 92/SC 1 - Fire initiation and growth
• Drafting Committee: ISO/TC 92/SC 1/WG 11 - Methods of use of reaction to fire tests for fire safety engineering
• Current Stage: 6060 - International Standard published
• Start Date: 28-May-2025
• Completion Date: 28-May-2025

Standards Content (Sample)

Technical
Report
ISO/TR 22099
First edition
Application examples for using
2025-05
reaction-to-fire test data for fire
safety engineering
Exemples d'applications de l'utilisation des données des essais de
réaction au feu pour l'ingénierie de la sécurité incendie
Reference number
© ISO 2025
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Published in Switzerland
ii
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms, definitions and abbreviated terms . 1
3.1 Abbreviated terms .1
4 Example 1: Using mass loss data for a single burning item as input for computational
fluid dynamics (CFD) calculations . 1
4.1 Introduction .1
4.2 Experimental investigations .1
4.3 Numerical investigations .4
4.4 Discussion of the results .7
4.5 Conclusions .8
5 Example 2: Using cone calorimeter and LIFT apparatus data as input for flame spread
calculations. 9
5.1 Reaction to fire tests for flame spread calculations .9
5.1.1 Overview .9
5.1.2 Cone calorimeter tests .9
5.1.3 Lateral ignition and flame transport (LIFT) test .10
5.2 Methods to derive material properties for flame spread .11
5.2.1 Parameters calculated from cone calorimeter tests .11
5.2.2 Parameters measured by LIFT tests .17
5.3 An example of derivation of properties .19
5.3.1 Specimen .19
[19]
5.3.2 Properties derived from Cone calorimeter tests .19
5.3.3 Properties derived from LIFT tests . 22
5.4 Prediction of flame spread over lining materials . 25
5.4.1 Overview . 25
5.4.2 Schematics of model . 25
5.4.3 Ignition of wall surface . 26
5.4.4 Heat release rate .27
5.4.5 Upward flame spread .27
5.4.6 Lateral and downward flame spread . 28
5.4.7 Smoke layer temperature . 28
5.4.8 Calculation procedure . 28
5.5 Comparison with an experiment . 28
5.5.1 Experimental conditions and procedure . 28
5.5.2 Experimental results . 30
5.5.3 Calculation conditions .32
5.5.4 Calculation results . 33
5.6 Summary of example 2 . 35
6 Example 3: Using mass loss data for a single burning item as input for zone model
calculations including fuel response effects .35
6.1 General . 35
6.2 Experimental investigations . 36
6.3 Numerical investigations .37
6.4 Discussion of the results .37
Bibliography . 41

iii
Foreword
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This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 92, Fire safety, Subcommittee SC 1, Fire
initiation and growth.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www.iso.org/members.html.

iv
Introduction
In recent years, fire test data has been increasingly used as input for fire safety engineering (FSE)
calculations. This document provides three different examples of how fire test data can be used for FSE.
Guidance on how data can be derived from reaction-to-fire tests is given in ISO/TR 17252. Background on
reaction-to-fire tests and limitations of data derived from these tests is given in ISO/TS 3814.

v
Technical Report ISO/TR 22099:2025(en)
Application examples for using reaction-to-fire test data for
fire safety engineering
1 Scope
This document provides three examples of the use of reaction-to-fire test data for fire safety engineering (FSE).
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content constitutes
requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references,
the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 13943, Fire safety — Vocabulary
3 Terms, definitions and abbreviated terms
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 13943 apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminology databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https:// www .iso .org/ obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at https:// www .electropedia .org/
3.1 Abbreviated terms
CFD computational fluid dynamics
FSE fire safety engineering
LIFT lateral ignition and flame transport
MLR mass loss rate
4 Example 1: Using mass loss data for a single burning item as input for
computational fluid dynamics (CFD) calculations
4.1 Introduction
The use of data from open calorimetry or mass loss measurements for a single burning item is used in FSE to
predict, for example, the temperature development, smoke development or the further spread of fire.
This example provides insight in the use of mass loss data for CFD calculations and its limitations.
4.2 Experimental investigations
Thr
...