SIST EN 927-1:2013

Paints and varnishes - Coating materials and coating systems for exterior wood - Part 1: Classification and selection

This European Standard specifies a system for the classification of coating systems and coating materials for exterior wood surfaces by categories of end use, appearance and exposure conditions. It also defines several components of a multi coat system (primer, undercoat, top coat, etc.).
It is applicable to all coating materials and coating systems intended for decoration and protection of exterior wood surfaces including those which contain biologically protective ingredients for the protection of coatings and at their surface (film preservation). The coating materials may include biologically active ingredients for the protection of the liquid coating material, for example during storage (in-can preservation) or to protect their interface with the wood (e.g. blue stain protection).
This European Standard is generally not applicable to wood preservatives. Wood preservatives may however be part of a coating system covered by this standard.
Guidance on selection criteria and the procedures for user's selection are given for information in Annex A.

Beschichtungsstoffe - Beschichtungsstoffe und Beschichtungssysteme für Holz im Außenbereich - Teil 1: Einteilung und Auswahl

Diese Europäische Norm legt ein System für die Einteilung von Beschichtungsstoffen und Beschichtungssystemen für Holzoberflächen im Außenbereich nach Anwendung, Aussehen und Beanspruchung fest. Sie legt außerdem verschiedene Komponenten eines Mehrschichtsystems (Primer, Grundbeschichtung, Deckbeschichtung, usw.) fest.
Sie ist für alle Beschichtungsstoffe und Beschichtungssysteme für die Gestaltung und den Schutz von Holzoberflächen im Außenbereich, einschließlich solcher, die Biozide für den Schutz von Beschichtungen gegen mikrobielle Schädigung zwecks Erhaltung der ursprünglichen Oberflächeneigenschaften enthalten (Beschichtungsschutzmittel/Filmkonservierung). Die Beschichtungsstoffe können auch Biozide enthalten, die zum Schutz des flüssigen Beschichtungsstoffes, z. B. während der Lagerung, zugesetzt werden (Topfkonservierung). Es gibt auch Produkte zum gleichzeitigen Schutz des Holzes (Holzschutzmittel, z. B. Bläueschutz).
Diese Europäische Norm ist nicht auf Holzschutzmittel anwendbar. Holzschutzmittel können jedoch Teil eines Beschichtungssystems sein, welches in den Anwendungsbereich dieser Norm fällt.
Auswahlkriterien und -verfahren für den Anwender werden im Anhang A beschrieben.

Peintures et vernis - Produits de peinture et systèmes de peinture pour le bois extérieur - Partie 1: Classification et sélection

La présente Norme européenne prescrit un système de classification des systèmes de peinture et des produits de peinture pour surfaces extérieures en bois par catégories d’usage final, d’aspect et de conditions d’exposition. Elle définit également plusieurs composants d’un système multicouche (couche primaire, sous-couche, couche de finition, etc.).
Elle s’applique à tous les produits de peinture et systèmes de peinture conçus pour la décoration et la protection des surfaces extérieures en bois, y compris ceux qui contiennent des agents biologiques protégeant les revêtements et leur surface (protection du feuil). Les produits de peinture peuvent contenir des agents bioactifs pour la protection du produit de peinture liquide, par exemple durant le stockage (protection en pot), ou pour la protection de son interface avec le bois (par exemple protection contre le bleuissement).
La présente Norme européenne n’est généralement pas applicable aux produits de préservation du bois. Ceux-ci peuvent toutefois faire partie d’un système de peinture couvert par la présente norme.
Les lignes directrices relatives aux critères de sélection et les procédures de sélection pour les utilisateurs sont données à titre d’information dans l’Annexe A.

Barve in laki - Premazi in premazni sistemi za zaščito lesa v zunanji uporabi - 1. del: Razvrstitev in izbor

Ta evropski standard določa sistem za klasifikacijo premaznih sistemov in materialov za zaščito lesa v zunanji uporabi glede na kategorijo končne uporabe, videz in pogoje izpostavljenosti. Določa tudi različne komponente sistemov z več premazi (osnovni premaz, spodnji premaz, vrhnji premaz itd.). Uporablja se za vse premaze in premazne sisteme, namenjene za dekoracijo in zaščito lesa v zunanji uporabi, vključno s tistimi, ki vsebujejo biološke zaščitne sestavine za zaščito premazov
na površini (ohranjanje s filmom). Premazi lahko vključujejo biološko aktivne sestavine za zaščito tekočih premazov, na primer med shranjevanjem (sredstvo za ohranjanje v embalaži) ali za zaščito stika z lesom (npr. zaščita z modrenjem). Ta evropski standard se ne uporablja za zaščitna sredstva za les. Vendar so lahko zaščitna sredstva za les del premaznega sistema, ki ga zajema ta standard.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Public Enquiry End Date: 19-Oct-2011
• Publication Date: 13-Mar-2013
• ICS: 71.100.50 - Wood-protecting chemicals
• ICS: 87.040 - Paints and varnishes
• Technical Committee: POH - Furniture
• Current Stage: 6060 - National Implementation/Publication (Adopted Project)
• Start Date: 04-Mar-2013
• Due Date: 09-May-2013
• Completion Date: 14-Mar-2013
• Ref Project: EN 927-1:2013 - Paints and varnishes - Coating materials and coating systems for exterior wood - Part 1: Classification and selection

Relations

• Replaces: SIST EN 927-1:1997 - Paints and varnishes - Coating materials and coating systems for exterior wood - Part 1: Classification and selection
• Effective Date: 01-Apr-2013

Overview

EN 927-1:2013 - "Paints and varnishes - Coating materials and coating systems for exterior wood - Part 1: Classification and selection" (CEN) defines a standardized system to classify and communicate properties of coating materials and coating systems for exterior wood. The standard covers classification by intended end use, appearance and exposure conditions, and defines components of multi‑coat systems (primer, undercoat/intermediate, top coat). It is applicable to coatings intended for decoration and protection of exterior wood, including products with biologically active ingredients for film preservation, in‑can protection or interface protection (e.g., blue stain protection). It is generally not a standard for wood preservatives, although preservatives may be part of a coating system.

Key topics and requirements

• Classification by end use - Categories based on dimensional stability demand of the wooden component: non‑stable, semi‑stable, and stable (guidance on typical uses such as cladding, tongue‑and‑groove boards, joinery).
• Classification by appearance - Defined by three measurable properties:
  • Build (measured dry film thickness) - measured according to EN ISO 2808:2007.
  • Hiding power (opacity/coverage).
  • Specular gloss - measured according to EN ISO 2813.
• Classification by exposure conditions - Describes environmental exposure categories affecting selection of coatings.
• Component definitions - Clear definitions for coating material, paint, clear coating, lasure (exterior wood stain), primer, priming coat, intermediate coat, finishing/top coat, and impregnating materials.
• Manufacturer information - Requirements and examples for manufacturer’s product information and guidance for users (Annex A - selection criteria; Annex B/C - product information examples).
• Measurement and terminology - Uses harmonized terms (ageing, blocking, flexibility, water permeability, etc.) from EN ISO 4618 and other referenced standards.

Practical applications and users

• Paint and varnish manufacturers - to classify products, prepare compliant product information and define system components.
• Specifiers, architects, and consultants - to select appropriate exterior wood coating systems based on end use, appearance and exposure.
• Contractors and painters - to match application practices and expectations (film thickness, build, gloss, coverage).
• Test laboratories and certifiers - to apply referenced test methods (EN ISO 2808, EN ISO 2813) and verify manufacturer claims.
• Product developers and formulators - to design coatings intended for specific dimensional stability and exposure classes, and to document film preservation or in‑can protection features.

Related standards

• EN 927 series: Part 2 (Performance specification), Part 3 (Natural weathering), Part 5 (Liquid water permeability), Part 6 (Artificial weathering with UV lamps and water).
• Referenced test methods: EN ISO 2808 (film thickness) and EN ISO 2813 (specular gloss).

EN 927-1:2013 provides a practical framework to reduce misclassification, improve communication between manufacturers and users, and support reliable selection of exterior wood coatings.

Standards Content (Sample)

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-april-2013
1DGRPHãþD
SIST EN 927-1:1997
%DUYHLQODNL3UHPD]LLQSUHPD]QLVLVWHPL]D]DãþLWROHVDY]XQDQMLXSRUDEL
GHO5D]YUVWLWHYLQL]ERU
Paints and varnishes - Coating materials and coating systems for exterior wood - Part 1:
Classification and selection
Beschichtungsstoffe - Beschichtungsstoffe und Beschichtungssysteme für Holz im
Außenbereich - Teil 1: Einteilung und Auswahl
Peintures et vernis - Produits de peinture et systèmes de peinture pour le bois extérieur -
Partie 1: Classification et sélection
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 927-1:2013
ICS:
71.100.50 .HPLNDOLMH]D]DãþLWROHVD Wood-protecting chemicals
87.040 Barve in laki Paints and varnishes
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

EUROPEAN STANDARD
EN 927-1
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
February 2013
ICS 87.040; 71.100.50 Supersedes EN 927-1:1996
English Version
Paints and varnishes - Coating materials and coating systems
for exterior wood - Part 1: Classification and selection
Peintures et vernis - Produits de peinture et systèmes de Beschichtungsstoffe - Beschichtungsstoffe und
peinture pour le bois extérieur - Partie 1: Classification et Beschichtungssysteme für Holz im Außenbereich - Teil 1:
sélection Einteilung und Auswahl
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 5 January 2013.

CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European
Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national
standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member.

This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation
under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same
status as the official versions.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,
Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United
Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION

EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG

Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels
© 2013 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN 927-1:2013: E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

Contents Page
Foreword . 3
Introduction . 4
1 Scope . 5
2 Normative references . 5
3 Terms and definitions . 5
4 Classification . 9
4.1 General . 9
4.2 Classification by intended end use . 9
4.3 Classification by appearance . 9
4.4 Classification by exposure conditions . 10
5 Manufacturer's product information. 11
Annex A (informative) Guidance on selection criteria . 12
A.1 General . 12
A.2 End use . 12
A.3 Appearance . 12
A.4 Exposure conditions . 13
A.5 Substrate condition . 15
Annex B (informative) Example for a manufacturer's product information . 16
Annex C (informative) Example for a completed manufacturer's product information. 17
Bibliography. 18

Foreword
This document (EN 927-1:2013) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 139 “Paints and
varnishes”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical
text or by endorsement, at the latest by August 2013, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at
the latest by August 2013.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This document supersedes EN 927-1:1996.
EN 927 consists of the following parts under the general title "Paints and varnishes — Coating materials and
coating systems for exterior wood":
 Part 1: Classification and selection (the present document);
 Part 2: Performance specification;
 Part 3: Natural weathering test;
 Part 5: Assessment of the liquid water permeability;
 Part 6: Exposure of wood coatings to artificial weathering using fluorescent UV lamps and water.
The main technical changes are:
a) the definition "build" was split up into "measured build", "theoretical build" and "subjective build";
b) the classification of build was extended to "very high";
c) the classification by exposure conditions was revised;
d) the exposure conditions in Annex A were revised;
e) the example for a manufacturer's product information was revised.
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organisations of the following
countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech
Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece,
Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,
Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom.
Introduction
The names used today to describe coating materials and coating systems pay little regard to technical,
functional and end use categories. This makes it difficult to devise an unequivocal simple terminology
applicable to all product types. This part of EN 927 attempts to address this problem by separately defining
categories of appearance and end use, but with no assumptions as to whether or not a given product, by its
appearance alone, will be suitable for a particular use. The objective is to avoid misuse of coating systems by
the misunderstanding or over-statement of performance claims. Current experience of characteristic coating
behaviour is explained in Annex A so that users can be forewarned of situations requiring specific assurances.
The treatment of exterior wood surfaces has aesthetic and protective functions. The result of such treatments
can include the following:
 protection against aesthetic deterioration;
 protection against deterioration due to weathering influences;
 moderation of dimensional change;
 protection against blue stain attack;
 maintaining the function of wood components (including the possibility of renovation).
This part of EN 927 identifies criteria that need to be considered when assessing the suitability of a coating
system for a particular end use and provides a framework for communicating this information between
manufacturer and user. This should assist in the removal of technical barriers to trade. It is the responsibility of
the manufacturer of a coating system to designate the appropriate categories for end use and appearance.
1 Scope
This European Standard specifies a system for the classification of coating systems and coating materials for
exterior wood surfaces by categories of end use, appearance and exposure conditions. It also defines several
components of a multi coat system (primer, undercoat, top coat, etc.).
It is applicable to all coating materials and coating systems intended for decoration and protection of exterior
wood surfaces including those which contain biologically protective ingredients for the protection of coatings
and at their surface (film preservation). The coating materials may include biologically active ingredients for
the protection of the liquid coating material, for example during storage (in-can preservation) or to protect their
interface with the wood (e.g. blue stain protection).
This European Standard is generally not applicable to wood preservatives. Wood preservatives may however
be part of a coating system covered by this standard.
Guidance on selection criteria and the procedures for user's selection are given for information in Annex A.
2 Normative references
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are
indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references,
the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
EN ISO 2808:2007, Paints and varnishes — Determination of film thickness (ISO 2808:2007)
EN ISO 2813, Paints and varnishes — Determination of specular gloss of non-metallic paint films at 20°, 60°
and 85° (ISO 2813, including Technical Corrigendum 1)
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1
ageing
irreversible changes in the properties of a film which occur with the passage of time
[SOURCE: EN ISO 4618:2006, 2.9]
3.2
blocking
unwanted adhesion between two surfaces, at least one of which has been coated, when they are left in
contact under load after a given drying period
[SOURCE: EN ISO 4618:2006, 2.29]
3.3
blue stain in service
surface staining of timber in service by fungi causing blue to black discoloration, often leading to disruption of
surface finishes
3.4
build
NOTE In this standard, the term "build" is used when classification refers to the measured dry film thickness of either
the whole coating system, or an individual product as appropriate. The dry film thickness is stated in micrometres and
refers to the layer on (above) the wood surface. Systems might penetrate the wood material to some extent, but this part is
not included in the determination.
3.4.1
measured build
dry film thickness of the coating system measured on planed bare wood according to method 6A of
EN ISO 2808:2007
3.4.2
theoretical build
dry film thickness calculated from the spreading rate and the volume of non-volatile matter
Note 1 to entry: The theoretical build, in micrometres, is given by the formula:
V × NV
V
t =
d
where
t dry film thickness, in micrometres;
d
V is the spreading rate, in millilitres per square metre;
NV is the non-volatile matter content, expressed as a percentage by volume.

V
Note 2 to entry: The theoretical build gives an indication of the dry film thickness on a non-absorbent substrate and
can be calculated from data optionally supplied by the manufacturer.
3.4.3
subjective build
visual impression of the thickness of a dried film or coating system
Note 1 to entry: The subjective build is governed by several factors including film thickness, gloss and film levelling.
3.5
coating material
product, in liquid or in paste or powder form, that, when applied to a substrate, forms a film possessing
protective, decorative and/or other specific properties
[SOURCE: EN ISO 4618:2006, 2.50, modified – Note deleted]
3.5.1
paint
pigmented coating material which, when applied to a substrate, forms an opaque film having protective,
decorative or specific technical properties
Note 1 to entry: In some countries the term "opaque wood stain" is also used for an opaque coating applied such that
the wood surface structure remains visible.
[SOURCE: EN ISO 4618:2006, 2.167]
3.5.2
clear coating material
coating material which when applied to a substrate forms a solid transparent film having protective, decorative
or specific technical properties
Note 1 to entry: In some countries the term “varnish” is used to designate any transparent coating. Varnishes are clear
coating materials which dry exclusively by oxidation.
[SOURCE: EN ISO 4618:2006, 2.46, modified – Note replaced]
3.5.3
lasure
coating material containing small amounts of a suitable pigment used to form a transparent or semi
transparent film for decoration and/or protection of the substrate
Note 1 to entry: In this standard, the term "lasure" is similar to "exterior wood stain".
Note 2 to entry: In some countries the term “wood stain” or “exterior wood stain” also is used to designate any
transparent or semi transparent coating material. Some kinds of (interior) wood stains are not in the scope of EN 927-1
(see EN ISO 4618:2006, 2.251).
3.6
coating system
combination of all coats of coating materials which are to be applied or which have been applied to a substrate
Note 1 to entry: The actual system can be characterised by the number of coats involved.
[SOURCE: EN ISO 4618:2006, 2.53]
3.6.1
primer
paint that has been formulated for use as a priming coat on prepared surfaces
[SOURCE: EN ISO 4618:2006, 2188, modified – Note 1 added]
Note 1 to entry: In this standard, primers could also consist of unpigmented coating materials.
3.6.2
priming coat
first coat of a coating system
[SOURCE: EN ISO 4618:2006, 2.189]
3.6.3
intermediate coat
any coat between the priming coat and the finishing coat
[SOURCE: EN ISO 4618:2006, 2.141]
3.6.4
finishing coat
top coat
final coat of a coating system
[SOURCE: EN ISO 4618:2006, 2.108]
3.7
flexibility
ability of a dry film to follow without damage the deformations of the substrate to which it is applied
Note 1 to entry: The use of the term "elasticity" to describe the flexibility of a film is incorrect.
[SOURCE: EN ISO 4618:2006, 2.116]
3.8
gloss
optical property of a surface, characterised by its ability to reflect light specularly
Note 1 to entry: Examples of degrees of gloss are high gloss, gloss, silkgloss, semigloss, satin, matt and dead matt.
[SOURCE: EN ISO 4618:2006, 2.128]
3.9
hiding power
coverage
opacity
ability of a coating material or a coating to obliterate the colour or the differences in colour of a substrate
[SOURCE: EN ISO 4618:2006, 2.135]
3.10
impregnating material
coating material with low viscosity for the treatment of absorptive substrates to reduce their absorptivity and/or
to harden them
Note 1 to entry: An impregnating material may contain a biocide for wood protection.
[SOURCE: EN ISO 4618:2006, 2.139, modified – Note replaced]
3.11
rot
decomposition of timber by fungi resulting in softening, progressive loss of strength and mass and often a
change of texture and colour
3.12
water absorption
ability of a coated or uncoated wood panel to absorb water from liquid or vapour
[SOURCE: EN 927-5:2006, 3.1]
3.13
water permeability
ability of a coating system to allow the transmission of water as liquid or vapour
3.14
wood preservative
product, containing a biocide, which is intended to inhibit the development of wood-destroying and/or wood-
staining organisms in the wood to which it is applied
[SOURCE: EN ISO 4618:2006, 2.250, modified – Note replaced]
4 Classification
4.1 General
Coating systems for exterior wood shall be classified as specified in 4.2, 4.3 and 4.4.
4.2 Classification by intended end use
Classification by the intended end-use shall be in categories based on the demand for dimensional stability of
the wooden construction, as given in Table 1.
There can be no demand for dimensional stability in the "non stable" category. In the two other categories, the
coating system should control the dimensional movements of wooden components caused by water-uptake
and -release. The suitability of a coating system is related to the barrier properties and water repellency of the
film achieved on the actual substrate in its current condition in the specific environment. For example: a
coating system can be suited for stable components like impermeable hardwood windows in a particular
building, but might not exert sufficient moisture control on pine windows (also "stable" category) at the same
site.
Table 1 — Classification by end use
End-use category Permitted dimensional move- Typical, non-exclusive
ment of wood examples of end-use
categories
Non stable Free movement permitted Overlapping cladding, fencing,
garden sheds, open cladding
ventilated rain screen
Semi stable Some movement permitted Tongue and groove cladding,
sound absorbing barriers, timber
framework
Stable Minimum movement permitted Joinery such as windows and
doors, shutters, garden furniture
NOTE These examples are for demonstration
...