SIST EN ISO 9241-971:2022
(Main)Ergonomics of human-system interaction - Part 971: Accessibility of tactile/haptic interactive systems (ISO 9241-971:2020)
Ergonomics of human-system interaction - Part 971: Accessibility of tactile/haptic interactive systems (ISO 9241-971:2020)
This document provides both general and specific ergonomic requirements and recommendations for accessible tactile/haptic interactive systems, including accessible tactile/haptic interactions.
This document provides guidance for increasing the accessibility of interactive systems making use of tactile/haptic input/output modalities such as gestures, vibration, and force feedback. The guidance provided also supports alternative input modalities and the use of different output representations.
This document provides guidance for tactile/haptic interactions that is applicable to a variety of interactive systems, including assistive technologies (AT).
Ergonomie der Mensch-System-Interaktion - Teil 971: Leitlinien für physische (taktile/haptische) Barrierefreiheit (ISO 9241-971:2020)
Ergonomie de l'interaction homme-système - Partie 971: Accessibilité des systèmes interactifs tactiles/haptiques (ISO 9241-971:2020)
Le présent document fournit des exigences et recommandations ergonomiques générales et spécifiques pour les systèmes interactifs tactiles/haptiques accessibles, y compris les interactions tactiles/haptiques accessibles.
Le présent document fournit des recommandations pour améliorer l’accessibilité des systèmes interactifs utilisant des modalités d’entrée/de sortie tactiles/haptiques telles que les gestes, les vibrations et le retour d’effort. Les recommandations fournies prennent également en charge d’autres modalités d’entrée et l’utilisation de différentes représentations de sortie.
Le présent document fournit des recommandations pour les interactions tactiles/haptiques qui sont applicables à différents systèmes interactifs, y compris les technologies d’assistance (TA).
Ergonomija medsebojnega vpliva človek-sistem - 971. del: Dostopnost taktilnih/haptičnih interaktivnih sistemov (ISO 9241-971:2020)
Ta dokument vsebuje splošne in posebne ergonomske zahteve ter priporočila za dostopne tipne/haptične interaktivne sisteme, vključno z dostopnimi tipnimi/haptičnimi interakcijami.
Ta dokument vsebuje napotke za povečanje dostopnosti interaktivnih sistemov z uporabo tipnih/haptičnih vhodnih/izhodnih modalitet, kot so kretnje, vibracije in učinek povratne sile. Ti napotki se navezujejo tudi na nadomestne vhodne modalitete in uporabo drugih izhodnih oblik.
Ta dokument vsebuje napotke za tipne/haptične interakcije, ki se uporabljajo za različne interaktivne sisteme, vključno s podpornimi tehnologijami (AT).
General Information
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST EN ISO 9241-971:2022
01-julij-2022
Ergonomija medsebojnega vpliva človek-sistem - 971. del: Dostopnost
taktilnih/haptičnih interaktivnih sistemov (ISO 9241-971:2020)
Ergonomics of human-system interaction - Part 971: Accessibility of tactile/haptic
interactive systems (ISO 9241-971:2020)
Ergonomie der Mensch-System-Interaktion - Teil 971: Leitlinien für physische
(taktile/haptische) Barrierefreiheit (ISO 9241-971:2020)
Ergonomie de l'interaction homme-système - Partie 971: Accessibilité des systèmes
interactifs tactiles/haptiques (ISO 9241-971:2020)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN ISO 9241-971:2022
ICS:
13.180 Ergonomija Ergonomics
35.180 Terminalska in druga IT Terminal and other
periferna oprema IT peripheral equipment
SIST EN ISO 9241-971:2022 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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SIST EN ISO 9241-971:2022
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SIST EN ISO 9241-971:2022
EN ISO 9241-971
EUROPEAN STANDARD
NORME EUROPÉENNE
March 2022
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 13.180; 35.180
English Version
Ergonomics of human-system interaction - Part 971:
Accessibility of tactile/haptic interactive systems (ISO
9241-971:2020)
Ergonomie de l'interaction homme-système - Partie Ergonomie der Mensch-System-Interaktion - Teil 971:
971: Accessibilité des systèmes interactifs Leitlinien für physische (taktile/haptische)
tactiles/haptiques (ISO 9241-971:2020) Barrierefreiheit (ISO 9241-971:2020)
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 13 March 2022.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this
European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references
concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN
member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,
Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and
United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2022 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN ISO 9241-971:2022 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
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SIST EN ISO 9241-971:2022
EN ISO 9241-971:2022 (E)
Contents Page
European foreword . 3
2
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SIST EN ISO 9241-971:2022
EN ISO 9241-971:2022 (E)
European foreword
The text of ISO 9241-971:2020 has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 159 "Ergonomics” of
the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and has been taken over as EN ISO 9241-
971:2022 by Technical Committee CEN/TC 122 “Ergonomics” the secretariat of which is held by DIN.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by September 2022, and conflicting national standards
shall be withdrawn at the latest by September 2022.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
Any feedback and questions on this document should be directed to the users’ national standards body.
A complete listing of these bodies can be found on the CEN website.
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the
following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria,
Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland,
Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Republic of
North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the
United Kingdom.
Endorsement notice
The text of ISO 9241-971:2020 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 9241-971:2022 without any
modification.
3
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SIST EN ISO 9241-971:2022
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SIST EN ISO 9241-971:2022
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 9241-971
First edition
2020-12
Ergonomics of human-system
interaction —
Part 971:
Accessibility of tactile/haptic
interactive systems
Ergonomie de l'interaction homme-système —
Partie 971: Accessibilité des systèmes interactifs tactiles/haptiques
Reference number
ISO 9241-971:2020(E)
©
ISO 2020
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SIST EN ISO 9241-971:2022
ISO 9241-971:2020(E)
COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT
© ISO 2020
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting
on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address
below or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: +41 22 749 01 11
Email: copyright@iso.org
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2020 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 8 ----------------------
SIST EN ISO 9241-971:2022
ISO 9241-971:2020(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .v
Introduction .vi
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Conformity . 3
5 Physical accessibility . 3
6 General requirements and recommendations . 4
6.1 Compatibility with other standards . 4
6.1.1 General. 4
6.1.2 Hardware accessibility. 4
6.1.3 Software accessibility . 4
6.2 Approachability of tactile/haptic interactive systems . 4
6.2.1 Size and space for approach and use of tactile/haptic interactive systems . 4
6.2.2 Reachability . 4
6.2.3 Reachability by remote control . 5
6.2.4 Stability . 5
6.3 Presentation of tactile/haptic information . 5
6.3.1 Presentation of physical information . . 5
6.3.2 Multiple formats for presenting tactile/haptic information . 5
6.3.3 Encoding of tactile/haptic information . 5
6.3.4 Contextual interference with tactile/haptic presentations . 6
6.4 Perceivability of tactile/haptic information . 6
6.4.1 General. 6
6.4.2 Discoverability of tactile/haptic components and controls . 6
6.4.3 Distinction between tactile/haptic components or controls . 6
6.4.4 Pausing and repeating tactile/haptic information . 6
6.4.5 Speed of tactile/haptic information . 7
6.4.6 Location of tactile output . 7
6.5 Controllability of tactile/haptic interactions . 7
6.5.1 Controllability . 7
6.5.2 Support of sequential control . 7
6.5.3 Physical attributes of tactile/haptic controls . 7
6.5.4 Activating tactile/haptic controls . 7
6.5.5 Force for activating physical controls . 8
6.5.6 Continuous force for activating physical controls . 8
6.5.7 Physical movements . 8
6.5.8 Activating controls without hands . 8
6.5.9 Activating controls with only one hand . 8
6.5.10 Timing of activating physical controls . 8
6.5.11 Taking breaks . 9
6.6 Individualization of tactile/haptic interactions. 9
6.6.1 Individualization . 9
6.6.2 Individualizing tactile/haptic parameters . 9
6.6.3 Identifying the current parameter values . 9
6.6.4 Default parameter values .10
6.6.5 Reverting to original default parameter values .10
6.6.6 Saving modifications of parameter values .10
6.6.7 Loading saved parameter values .10
6.6.8 Changing individualized parameter values .10
6.6.9 Optimizing the number of adjustable parameters .10
6.7 Error tolerance of tactile/haptic interactions .10
© ISO 2020 – All rights reserved iii
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SIST EN ISO 9241-971:2022
ISO 9241-971:2020(E)
6.7.1 Error tolerance .10
6.7.2 Avoiding unintentional activation of physical controls .11
6.7.3 Providing warnings on potentially dangerous actions .11
6.7.4 Ignoring harmless actions .11
6.7.5 Undoing unintended or incorrect activations .11
6.8 Tactile/haptic safety .11
6.8.1 Safety .11
6.8.2 Avoiding sensory overstimulation .12
6.8.3 Avoiding sensory overloads .12
6.8.4 Avoiding fatigue and repetitive stress injuries .12
6.8.5 Avoiding positioning and over extension injuries .12
6.8.6 Safe interaction with device .12
6.8.7 Avoiding damage to the system .13
6.9 Tactile/haptic authentication .13
6.9.1 Security and authentication .13
6.9.2 Accessible authentication .13
6.9.3 Alternatives to biometrics .13
7 Input specific requirements and recommendations .13
7.1 Keyboard specific guidance.13
7.1.1 Text as a basis for interoperability .13
7.1.2 Provision of keyboard equivalent inputs .14
7.1.3 The design of physical keys .14
7.1.4 Modifier key functions .14
7.1.5 Virtual keyboards .14
7.2 Pointing device specific guidance .14
7.2.1 Avoiding need for fine motor skills .15
7.3 Motion tracking specific guidance .15
7.4 Gesture specific guidance .15
7.4.1 Considerations for gestures .15
7.4.2 Considerations for gesture controls .15
7.5 Single-switch specific guidance .16
7.5.1 General.16
7.5.2 Single switch devices and time-dependent actions .16
7.5.3 Simultaneous multi-device input guidance .16
8 Output specific guidance .16
8.1 Vibration specific guidance .16
8.1.1 Combinations of modalities .16
8.1.2 Simultaneous multi-device output .17
8.1.3 Simultaneous multimodal output .17
8.1.4 Error .17
8.1.5 Illusion .17
8.1.6 Avoiding conflicting information .17
8.2 Masking .17
8.2.1 Temporal and spatial masking .17
8.2.2 Adaptation to saturation stimulation .18
8.3 Braille specific guidance .18
8.3.1 Considerations for tactile labels .18
8.3.2 Use of braille .18
8.3.3 Tactile cursor in braille supporting systems .18
8.3.4 Editing braille text .18
8.3.5 Refreshing braille text .19
8.3.6 Exploration of information when using braille .19
8.3.7 Evaluation of braille supporting systems .19
Bibliography .20
iv © ISO 2020 – All rights reserved
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SIST EN ISO 9241-971:2022
ISO 9241-971:2020(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www .iso .org/ directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www .iso .org/ patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO’s adherence to the
World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see www .iso .org/
iso/ foreword .html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 159, Ergonomics, Subcommittee SC 4,
Ergonomics of human-system interaction.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www .iso .org/ members .html.
A list of all parts in the ISO 9241 series can be found on the ISO website.
© ISO 2020 – All rights reserved v
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SIST EN ISO 9241-971:2022
ISO 9241-971:2020(E)
Introduction
The tactile/haptic modality is the most widely used modality for inputs to interactive systems and is
used as an important output modality for many contexts of use. Often, haptic devices and applications
are designed for the “typical” or “average” user. It is important that interactive systems and their designs
follow general ergonomic practice as well as meet the widest range of user needs, characteristics, and
capabilities for tactile/haptic interactions.
Examples of the use of tactile/haptic inputs range from the use of keyboards, pointing devices (such
as a mouse or track pad) and direct touch (gestures) to the use of non-touch gestures, eye-tracking,
single-switch inputs, and whole-body movements. Examples of tactile/haptic outputs include the use of
vibration and tactile pattern (e.g. braille) outputs. Tactile/haptic inputs/outputs can be combined (e.g.
force feedback systems).
Achieving accessibility involves good ergonomic practice. This document works with other ISO and
ISO/IEC standards relating to tactile/haptic interactions (such as ISO 9241-910, ISO 9241-920 and
ISO 9241-960) and to accessibility (such as ISO 9241-171 and ISO/IEC 29136) to collect tactile/haptic-
related accessibility requirements and recommendations and to provide more specific guidance
relating to the accessibility of tactile/haptic interactions. It provides a means of addressing tactile/
haptic-related user needs from ISO/IEC 29138-1. As such, it is intended to provide a comprehensive
source of guidance on tactile/haptic accessibility.
vi © ISO 2020 – All rights reserved
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SIST EN ISO 9241-971:2022
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 9241-971:2020(E)
Ergonomics of human-system interaction —
Part 971:
Accessibility of tactile/haptic interactive systems
1 Scope
This document provides both general and specific ergonomic requirements and recommendations for
accessible tactile/haptic interactive systems, including accessible tactile/haptic interactions.
This document provides guidance for increasing the accessibility of interactive systems making use of
tactile/haptic input/output modalities such as gestures, vibration, and force feedback. The guidance
provided also supports alternative input modalities and the use of different output representations.
This document provides guidance for tactile/haptic interactions that is applicable to a variety of
interactive systems, including assistive technologies (AT).
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 9241-171, Ergonomics of human-system interaction — Part 171: Guidance on software accessibility
ISO/IEC 29136, Information technology — User interfaces — Accessibility of personal computer hardwar
...
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
oSIST prEN ISO 9241-971:2022
01-januar-2022
Ergonomija medsebojnega vpliva človek-sistem - 971. del: Dostopnost
taktilnih/haptičnih interaktivnih sistemov (ISO 9241-971:2020)
Ergonomics of human-system interaction - Part 971: Accessibility of tactile/haptic
interactive systems (ISO 9241-971:2020)
Ergonomie der Mensch-System-Interaktion - Teil 971: Leitlinien für physische
(taktile/haptische) Barrierefreiheit (ISO 9241-971:2020)
Ergonomie de l'interaction homme-système - Partie 971: Accessibilité des systèmes
interactifs tactiles/haptiques (ISO 9241-971:2020)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: prEN ISO 9241-971
ICS:
13.180 Ergonomija Ergonomics
35.180 Terminalska in druga IT Terminal and other
periferna oprema IT peripheral equipment
oSIST prEN ISO 9241-971:2022 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
oSIST prEN ISO 9241-971:2022
---------------------- Page: 2 ----------------------
oSIST prEN ISO 9241-971:2022
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 9241-971
First edition
2020-12
Ergonomics of human-system
interaction —
Part 971:
Accessibility of tactile/haptic
interactive systems
Ergonomie de l'interaction homme-système —
Partie 971: Accessibilité des systèmes interactifs tactiles/haptiques
Reference number
ISO 9241-971:2020(E)
©
ISO 2020
---------------------- Page: 3 ----------------------
oSIST prEN ISO 9241-971:2022
ISO 9241-971:2020(E)
COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT
© ISO 2020
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting
on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address
below or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: +41 22 749 01 11
Email: copyright@iso.org
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2020 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 4 ----------------------
oSIST prEN ISO 9241-971:2022
ISO 9241-971:2020(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .v
Introduction .vi
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Conformity . 3
5 Physical accessibility . 3
6 General requirements and recommendations . 4
6.1 Compatibility with other standards . 4
6.1.1 General. 4
6.1.2 Hardware accessibility. 4
6.1.3 Software accessibility . 4
6.2 Approachability of tactile/haptic interactive systems . 4
6.2.1 Size and space for approach and use of tactile/haptic interactive systems . 4
6.2.2 Reachability . 4
6.2.3 Reachability by remote control . 5
6.2.4 Stability . 5
6.3 Presentation of tactile/haptic information . 5
6.3.1 Presentation of physical information . . 5
6.3.2 Multiple formats for presenting tactile/haptic information . 5
6.3.3 Encoding of tactile/haptic information . 5
6.3.4 Contextual interference with tactile/haptic presentations . 6
6.4 Perceivability of tactile/haptic information . 6
6.4.1 General. 6
6.4.2 Discoverability of tactile/haptic components and controls . 6
6.4.3 Distinction between tactile/haptic components or controls . 6
6.4.4 Pausing and repeating tactile/haptic information . 6
6.4.5 Speed of tactile/haptic information . 7
6.4.6 Location of tactile output . 7
6.5 Controllability of tactile/haptic interactions . 7
6.5.1 Controllability . 7
6.5.2 Support of sequential control . 7
6.5.3 Physical attributes of tactile/haptic controls . 7
6.5.4 Activating tactile/haptic controls . 7
6.5.5 Force for activating physical controls . 8
6.5.6 Continuous force for activating physical controls . 8
6.5.7 Physical movements . 8
6.5.8 Activating controls without hands . 8
6.5.9 Activating controls with only one hand . 8
6.5.10 Timing of activating physical controls . 8
6.5.11 Taking breaks . 9
6.6 Individualization of tactile/haptic interactions. 9
6.6.1 Individualization . 9
6.6.2 Individualizing tactile/haptic parameters . 9
6.6.3 Identifying the current parameter values . 9
6.6.4 Default parameter values .10
6.6.5 Reverting to original default parameter values .10
6.6.6 Saving modifications of parameter values .10
6.6.7 Loading saved parameter values .10
6.6.8 Changing individualized parameter values .10
6.6.9 Optimizing the number of adjustable parameters .10
6.7 Error tolerance of tactile/haptic interactions .10
© ISO 2020 – All rights reserved iii
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oSIST prEN ISO 9241-971:2022
ISO 9241-971:2020(E)
6.7.1 Error tolerance .10
6.7.2 Avoiding unintentional activation of physical controls .11
6.7.3 Providing warnings on potentially dangerous actions .11
6.7.4 Ignoring harmless actions .11
6.7.5 Undoing unintended or incorrect activations .11
6.8 Tactile/haptic safety .11
6.8.1 Safety .11
6.8.2 Avoiding sensory overstimulation .12
6.8.3 Avoiding sensory overloads .12
6.8.4 Avoiding fatigue and repetitive stress injuries .12
6.8.5 Avoiding positioning and over extension injuries .12
6.8.6 Safe interaction with device .12
6.8.7 Avoiding damage to the system .13
6.9 Tactile/haptic authentication .13
6.9.1 Security and authentication .13
6.9.2 Accessible authentication .13
6.9.3 Alternatives to biometrics .13
7 Input specific requirements and recommendations .13
7.1 Keyboard specific guidance.13
7.1.1 Text as a basis for interoperability .13
7.1.2 Provision of keyboard equivalent inputs .14
7.1.3 The design of physical keys .14
7.1.4 Modifier key functions .14
7.1.5 Virtual keyboards .14
7.2 Pointing device specific guidance .14
7.2.1 Avoiding need for fine motor skills .15
7.3 Motion tracking specific guidance .15
7.4 Gesture specific guidance .15
7.4.1 Considerations for gestures .15
7.4.2 Considerations for gesture controls .15
7.5 Single-switch specific guidance .16
7.5.1 General.16
7.5.2 Single switch devices and time-dependent actions .16
7.5.3 Simultaneous multi-device input guidance .16
8 Output specific guidance .16
8.1 Vibration specific guidance .16
8.1.1 Combinations of modalities .16
8.1.2 Simultaneous multi-device output .17
8.1.3 Simultaneous multimodal output .17
8.1.4 Error .17
8.1.5 Illusion .17
8.1.6 Avoiding conflicting information .17
8.2 Masking .17
8.2.1 Temporal and spatial masking .17
8.2.2 Adaptation to saturation stimulation .18
8.3 Braille specific guidance .18
8.3.1 Considerations for tactile labels .18
8.3.2 Use of braille .18
8.3.3 Tactile cursor in braille supporting systems .18
8.3.4 Editing braille text .18
8.3.5 Refreshing braille text .19
8.3.6 Exploration of information when using braille .19
8.3.7 Evaluation of braille supporting systems .19
Bibliography .20
iv © ISO 2020 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 6 ----------------------
oSIST prEN ISO 9241-971:2022
ISO 9241-971:2020(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www .iso .org/ directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www .iso .org/ patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO’s adherence to the
World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see www .iso .org/
iso/ foreword .html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 159, Ergonomics, Subcommittee SC 4,
Ergonomics of human-system interaction.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www .iso .org/ members .html.
A list of all parts in the ISO 9241 series can be found on the ISO website.
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ISO 9241-971:2020(E)
Introduction
The tactile/haptic modality is the most widely used modality for inputs to interactive systems and is
used as an important output modality for many contexts of use. Often, haptic devices and applications
are designed for the “typical” or “average” user. It is important that interactive systems and their designs
follow general ergonomic practice as well as meet the widest range of user needs, characteristics, and
capabilities for tactile/haptic interactions.
Examples of the use of tactile/haptic inputs range from the use of keyboards, pointing devices (such
as a mouse or track pad) and direct touch (gestures) to the use of non-touch gestures, eye-tracking,
single-switch inputs, and whole-body movements. Examples of tactile/haptic outputs include the use of
vibration and tactile pattern (e.g. braille) outputs. Tactile/haptic inputs/outputs can be combined (e.g.
force feedback systems).
Achieving accessibility involves good ergonomic practice. This document works with other ISO and
ISO/IEC standards relating to tactile/haptic interactions (such as ISO 9241-910, ISO 9241-920 and
ISO 9241-960) and to accessibility (such as ISO 9241-171 and ISO/IEC 29136) to collect tactile/haptic-
related accessibility requirements and recommendations and to provide more specific guidance
relating to the accessibility of tactile/haptic interactions. It provides a means of addressing tactile/
haptic-related user needs from ISO/IEC 29138-1. As such, it is intended to provide a comprehensive
source of guidance on tactile/haptic accessibility.
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oSIST prEN ISO 9241-971:2022
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 9241-971:2020(E)
Ergonomics of human-system interaction —
Part 971:
Accessibility of tactile/haptic interactive systems
1 Scope
This document provides both general and specific ergonomic requirements and recommendations for
accessible tactile/haptic interactive systems, including accessible tactile/haptic interactions.
This document provides guidance for increasing the accessibility of interactive systems making use of
tactile/haptic input/output modalities such as gestures, vibration, and force feedback. The guidance
provided also supports alternative input modalities and the use of different output representations.
This document provides guidance for tactile/haptic interactions that is applicable to a variety of
interactive systems, including assistive technologies (AT).
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 9241-171, Ergonomics of human-system interaction — Part 171: Guidance on software accessibility
ISO/IEC 29136, Information technology — User interfaces — Accessibility of personal computer hardware
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— IEC Electropedia: available at http:// www .electropedia .org/
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at http:// www .iso .org/ obp
3.1
accessibility
extent to which products, systems, services, environments and facilities can be used by people from a
population with the widest range of user needs, characteristics and capabilities to achieve identified
goals in identified contexts of use
Note 1 to entry: Context of use includes direct use or use supported by assistive technologies.
[SOURCE: ISO 9241-112:2017, 3.15]
3.2
assistive technology
AT
hardware or software added to, or incorporated within, a system that increases accessibility for an
individual
EXAMPLE Braille display, screen reader, screen magnification software, eye tracking devices.
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[SOURCE: ISO 9241-171:2008, 3.5]
3.3
tactile
appertaining to touch
[SOURCE: ISO 9241-910:2011, 2.5]
3.4
haptic
appertaining to haptics (3.5)
Note 1 to entry: While there is no difference between haptic and tactile (3.3) in most dictionary definitions, in the
area of haptics, researchers and developers use haptic to include all haptic sensations, while tactile is limited to
mechanical stimulation of the skin. In ISO 9241, the word haptic covers all touch sensations and tactile is used in
a more specific manner. Also, both terms can be used together to assist in searches.
[SOURCE: ISO 9241-910:2011, 2.2]
3.5
haptics
sensory and/or motor activity based in the skin, muscles, joints and tendons
Note 1 to entry: Haptics consists of two parts: touch and kinaesthesis.
[SOURCE: ISO 9241-910:2011, 2.1]
3.6
force feedback
force presented to and detected by a user
Note 1 to entry: Although this does not necessarily involve feedback, the term “force feedback” is commonly used
in this context.
[SOURCE: ISO 9241-910:2011, 2.9]
3.7
gesture
movement or posture, of the whole body or parts of the body
[SOURCE: ISO/IEC 30113-1:2015, 3.1]
3.8
interactive system
combination of hardware and/or software and/or services and/or people that users interact with in
order to achieve specific goals
Note 1 to entry: This includes, where appropriate, packaging, user documentation, on-line and human help,
support, and training.
[SOURCE: ISO 9241-11:2018, 3.1.5]
3.9
tactile cursor
tactile indication of where the user interaction via input device (e.g. keyboard or equivalent) occurs
3.10
sensory overload
user’s experience where sensory experiences from the environment are too great for the individual’s
nervous system to successfully process or make meaning from
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3.11
personal computer
microcomputer primarily intended for stand-alone use by an individual
[SOURCE: ISO/IEC 29136:2012, 3.5]
3.12
reach envelope
three-dimensional space in which a person can reach an interface without discomfort
with respect to a specified user position
Note 1 to entry: Different users can use different body parts such as the arm, leg or head to reach for an object
while sitting or standing.
Note 2 to entry: Users can augment their reach envelope using different assistive technologies, prosthetics or tools.
4 Conformity
If an organization claims conformity with this document, then the decisions about how it addresses the
requirements and recommendations in this document or the justifications for any course of action that
deviates from any of the recommendations shall be documented.
Documentation of a claim of conformity with this document shall be specific about the basis on which
the claim is made and shall provide evidence to support the claim. An organization can claim conformity
based on a self-assessment or an assessment carried out by another party.
5 Physical accessibili
...
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