SIST EN 13445-1:2002
(Main)Unfired pressure vessels - Part 1: General
Unfired pressure vessels - Part 1: General
This Part of this European Standard defines the terms, definitions, symbols and units that are used throughout the EN 13445.
This Part of EN 13445 also gives guidelines on the principles on which each part of the standard has been based. This information is aimed to aid the user of the EN 13445. This European Standard applies to unfired pressure vessels subject to a maximum allowable pressure greater than 0,5 bar gauge but may be used for vessels operating at lower pressures, including vacuum.
This European Standard applies to maximum allowable temperatures for which creep effects need not be considered, i.e. for maximum allowable temperatures for which the corresponding maximum calculation temperature renders a relevant proof strength smaller than the 100 000 h creep rupture strength. For ferritic steels the temperature limit corresponds to calculation temperatures below approximately 380 °C
In EN13445-3:2002 two methods of Design by Analysis (DBA) are given in Annex B and Annex C respectively. Both of these are normative. However Parts 2, 4 and 5 of this edition of the standard do not include provision within their respective areas of responsibility for vessels designed using Design by Analysis - Direct Route (DBA) of Annex B of EN13445-3
NOTE The selection, application and installation of safety related accessories intended to protect pressure vessels during operation are covered in prEN 764-7.
Unbefeuerte Druckbehälter - Teil 1: Allgemeines
Der vorliegende Tel dieser Europäischen Norm legt die für die gesamte EN 13445 geltenden Begriffe, Symbole und Einheiten fest.
Dieser Teil der EN 13445 enthält außerdem einen Leitfaden zu den Grundsätzen, auf denen jeder einzelne Teil der Norm basiert. Diese Information soll den Anwendern der EN 13445 als Hilfestellung dienen. Die vorliegende
Europäische Norm gilt für unbefeuerte Druckbehälter für einen maximalen zulässigen Druck über 0,5 bar, sie kann jedoch auch für Behälter angewendet werden, die bei niedrigeren Drücken, einschließlich Vakuum, betrieben
werden.
Diese Europäische Norm gilt für maximale zulässige Temperaturen, bei denen das Zeitstandverhalten nicht
berücksichtigt werden muss, d. h. für maximale zulässige Temperaturen, bei denen die entsprechende maximale Berechnungstemperatur eine jeweilige Druckfestigkeit ergibt, die unter der 100 000 h-Zeitstandfestigkeit liegt. Bei ferritischen Stählen entspricht die Temperaturgrenze Berechnungstemperaturen unter ca. 380 °C.
ANMERKUNG Die Auswahl, Anwendung und der Einbau von Ausrüstungsteilen mit Sicherheitsfunktion zum Schutz der Druckbehälter während des Betriebes sind in prEN 764-7 behandelt.
Récipients sous pression non soumis a la flamme - Partie 1: Généralités
Cette Partie de la présente Norme européenne définit les termes, définitions, symboles et unités qui sont utilisés tout au long de l'EN 13445.
Cette Partie de l'EN 13445 donne également des lignes directrices sur les principes sous-tendant chacune des Parties de la norme. Cette information est destinée a aider l'utilisateur de la norme. Cette Norme européenne s'applique aux récipients sous pression non soumis a la flamme et soumis a une pression maximale admissible supérieure a 0,5 bar, mais peut etre utilisée pour des récipients soumis a des pressions inférieures, y compris des pressions négatives.
Cette Norme européenne s'applique a des températures maximales admissibles pour lesquelles les effets du fluage n'ont pas besoin d'etre pris en compte, c'est-a-dire a des températures maximales admissibles pour lesquelles la température de calcul maximale correspondante aboutit a une résistance d'épreuve inférieure a la résistance pour la rupture au fluage en 100 000 h. Pour les aciers ferritiques, la limite de température correspond a des températures de calcul approximativement inférieures a 380 °C.
Dans l'EN 13445-3:2002 deux méthodes de conception par analyse (DBA) sont données en Annexe B et en Annexe C respectivement. Ces deux méthodes sont normatives. Cependant, les Parties 2, 4 et 5 de la présente version de la norme n'incluent pas, dans leur champ de compétence respectif, de dispositions pour des récipients conçus en utilisant la Conception par analyse - Voie directe (DBA) de l'annexe B de l'EN 13445-3.
NOTE Le choix, la mise en ?uvre et l'installation des accessoires de sécurité destinés a protéger les récipients a pression en service font l'objet du prEN 764-7.
Neogrevane tlačne posode - 1. del: Splošno
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Unfired pressure vessels - Part 1: GeneralRécipients sous pression non soumis a la flamme - Partie 1: GénéralitésUnbefeuerte Druckbehälter - Teil 1: AllgemeinesTa slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 13445-1:2002SIST EN 13445-1:2002en23.020.30ICS:SLOVENSKI
STANDARDSIST EN 13445-1:200201-november-2002
EUROPEAN STANDARDNORME EUROPÉENNEEUROPÄISCHE NORMEN 13445-1May 2002ICS 23.020.30English versionUnfired pressure vessels - Part 1: GeneralRécipients sous pression non soumis à la flamme - Partie1: GénéralitésUnbefeuerte Druckbehälter - Teil 1: AllgemeinesThis European Standard was approved by CEN on 23 May 2002.CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this EuropeanStandard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such nationalstandards may be obtained on application to the Management Centre or to any CEN member.This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translationunder the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Management Centre has the same status as the officialversions.CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece,Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATIONCOMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATIONEUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNGManagement Centre: rue de Stassart, 36
B-1050 Brussels© 2002 CENAll rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reservedworldwide for CEN national Members.Ref. No. EN 13445-1:2002 E
EN 13445-1:2002 (E)Issue 1 (2002-05)2ContentsForeword.3Introduction.41 Scope.71.1General.71.2Exclusions.72Normative references.83Terms and definitions.84Quantities, symbols and units.10ANNEX ZA(Informative) Clauses of this European Standard addressing essential requirements or otherprovisions of EU Directives.12Bibliography.13
EN 13445-1:2002 (E)Issue 1 (2002-05)3ForewordThis document (EN 13445-1:2002) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 54 "Unfired pressurevessels", the secretariat of which is held by BSI.This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text orby endorsement, at the latest by November 2002, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latestby November 2002.This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the EuropeanFree Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s).For relationship with EU Directive(s), see informative annex ZA, which is an integral part of this document.This European Standard concerning “Unfired pressure vessels” comprises the following Parts:¾ Part 1: General.¾ Part 2: Materials.¾ Part 3: Design.¾ Part 4: Fabrication.¾ Part 5: Inspection and testing.¾ Part 6: Requirements for the design and fabrication of pressure vessels and pressure parts constructed fromspheroidal graphite cast iron.CR 13445-7, Unfired pressure vessels - Part 7:Guidance on the use of conformity assessment procedures.Although these Parts may be obtained separately, it should be recognised that the Parts are inter-dependant. Assuch the manufacture of unfired pressure vessels requires the application of all the relevant Parts in order for therequirements of the Standard to be satisfactorily fulfilled.NOTEIf any matter of interpretation or doubt arises as to the meaning or effect of any normative part of this EuropeanStandard, or as to whether anything should be done or has been omitted to be done, in order that this European Standardshould be complied with in full, the matter shall be referred to the CEN/TC54 Committee.According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the followingcountries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland,France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain,Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom.
EN 13445-1:2002 (E)Issue 1 (2002-05)4IntroductionEN 13445 specifies the requirements for design, construction, inspection and testing of unfired pressure vessels. Itdefines terms, definitions and symbols applicable to unfired pressure vessels.NOTEIn EN 13445 the term pressure vessel includes the welded attachments up to and including the nozzle flanges,screwed or welded connections, or the edge to be welded at the first circumferential weld at connecting piping or otherelements. The term unfired excludes vessels that are subject
to direct generated heat or flame impingement from a firedprocess. This does not exclude vessels subject to electrical heating or heated process streams.In Parts 1 to 5 only pressure vessels manufactured from steels and steel castings as detailed in Part 2 of thisstandard are covered. Part 6 specifically deals with spheroidal graphite cast iron and special considerations apply.Part 1This Part outlines the basic principles underpinning the standard.
The manufacturer is required to declare that thetechnical design specification and the supporting documentation are in compliance with the requirements of thisstandard.Unforeseen factors may arise that require design modifications and/or manufacturing concessions. These need tobe handled with the same rigour as the original design.Part 2This Part deals with the general philosophy on materials, material grouping and low temperature behaviour inrelation to Room Temperature performance. It is limited to steel with sufficient ductility and excludes at presentmaterials operating in the creep range. Part 2 provides the general requirements for establishing technical deliveryconditions.Furthermore Part 2 includes the requirements for marking. Four annexes give further details. The normativeAnnex A includes the material grouping system, which is in accordance with CR ISO 15608:2000. This system isused throughout the whole standard. Furthermore Annex A adds a list of all those material grades based uponEuropean base material standards which are accepted to be used for unfired pressure vessels made to thisstandard The normative Annex B gives the necessary information on the requirements for the prevention of brittlefracture in the base material and the welds. Two methods based upon a code of practice developed from fracturemechanics are covered. The informative Annex C gives information on technical delivery conditions for cladproducts. Annex D gives an informative survey on European base material and component standards and theirsystematic nomenclature.Part 3This Part of this standard gives the rules to be used for design and calculation under internal and/or externalpressure (as applicable) of pressure bearing components of Pressure Vessels, such as shells of various shapes,flat walls, flanges, heat exchanger tubesheets, including the calculation of reinforcement of openings. Rules arealso given for components subject to local loads and to actions other than pressure.
EN 13445-1:2002 (E)Issue 1 (2002-05)5For all these components the DBF (Design by Formulae) method is generally followed, i.e. appropriate formulaeare given in order to find stresses which have to be limited to safe values. These formulae are generally intendedfor predominantly non-cyclic loads, which means for a number of full pressure cycles not exceeding 500.However general prescriptions are also given for DBA (Design by Analysis) which can be used either to evaluatecomponent designs or loading situations for which a DBF method is not provided, or, more generally, as analternative to DBF.Methods are also given where a fatigue evaluation is required, due to a number of load cycles being greater than500. There are two alternative methods: a simplified method based on DBF (valid only in case of pressurevariations) and a more sophisticated method based on a detailed determination of total stresses using, for example,FEM or experimental methods. This can be used also in the case of variable loads other than pressure.For certain components (such as flanges and tubesheets) also an alternative DBF method (based on limit analysis)has been provided; the choice of which method has to be used in each particular case is left to the Designer.For the time being, the scope of Part 3 is limited to steel components working at temperatures lower than the creeprange of the specific material concerned.Part 4The philosophy in Part 4 is based on existing good practice in current European Standards, manufacturing andsub-contracting, material traceability, tolerances, welding procedures and qualification, production testing, forming,post weld heat treatment and repairs for steel constructions. Part 4 is not applicable for Part 6 which has separateand different requirements regarding manufacturing.Part 5This Part covers all those inspection and testing activities associated with the verification of the pressure vessel forcompliance with the standard.Inspection activities include design review by the manufacturer and supporting technical documentation. .Numerous inspection activities, in addition to the Non Destructive Testing (NDT) are described including documentcontrol, material traceability, joint preparation and welding.The requirements for testing are predominantly related to individually designed single vessels. However, Annex Aprovides a procedure for serially produced pressure vessels.The level of testing is driven by the selection of the vessel testing group. Basically, the testing group determines thelevel of NDT and the joint coefficient used in the design. There are four testing groups which are designed to givethe same safety by a combination of several factors. Testing groups take into consideration manufacturingdifficulties associated with different groups of steels, maximum permitted thickness, welding processes, servicetemperature range and the thickness by means of the joint coefficient of the governing joint. (i.e. the full pen
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