oSIST prEN 1339:2010
(Main)Concrete paving flags - Requirements and test methods
Concrete paving flags - Requirements and test methods
This European Standard specifies materials, properties, requirements and test methods for cement bound unreinforced concrete paving flags and complementary fittings.
It is applicable to precast concrete paving flags and complementary fittings that are for use in trafficked paved areas and roof coverings.
In case of regular use of studded tyres additional requirements are sometimes needed.
This standard does not deal with the tactility or visibility of flags nor with permeable flags.
This standard provides for the product marking and the evaluation of conformity of the product to this European Standard.
Platten aus Beton - Anforderungen und Prüfverfahren
Diese Europäische Norm legt Materialien, Eigenschaften, Anforderungen und Prüfverfahren für unbewehrte Platten und Ergänzungsplatten aus zementgebundenem Beton fest.
Sie gilt für vorgefertigte Platten und Ergänzungsplatten aus Beton, die für verkehrsmäßig genutzte befestigte Flächen und auf Dächern verwendet werden.
Bei regelmäßiger Verwendung von Spikereifen sind manchmal zusätzliche Anforderungen notwendig.
Diese Norm befasst sich nicht mit der Tastbarkeit und Wahrnehmbarkeit von Platten oder mit durchlässigen Platten.
Diese Norm regelt die Produktkennzeichnung und die Beurteilung der Übereinstimmung des Produkts mit dieser Europäischen Norm.
Dalles en béton - Prescriptions et méthodes d'essai
Betonske plošče za tlakovanje - Zahteve in preskusne metode
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
oSIST prEN 1339:2010
01-oktober-2010
Betonski robniki - Zahteve in preskusne metode
Concrete paving flags - Requirements and test methods
Platten aus Beton - Anforderungen und Prüfverfahren
Dalles en béton - Prescriptions et méthodes d'essai
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: prEN 1339
ICS:
91.100.30 Beton in betonski izdelki Concrete and concrete
products
93.080.20 Materiali za gradnjo cest Road construction materials
oSIST prEN 1339:2010 en,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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oSIST prEN 1339:2010
EUROPEAN STANDARD
DRAFT
prEN 1339
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
July 2010
ICS 93.080.20 Will supersede EN 1339:2003
English Version
Concrete paving flags - Requirements and test methods
Dalles en béton - Prescriptions et méthodes d'essai Platten aus Beton - Anforderungen und Prüfverfahren
This draft European Standard is submitted to CEN members for enquiry. It has been drawn up by the Technical Committee CEN/TC 178.
If this draft becomes a European Standard, CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which
stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.
This draft European Standard was established by CEN in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language
made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the
same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland,
Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
Recipients of this draft are invited to submit, with their comments, notification of any relevant patent rights of which they are aware and to
provide supporting documentation.
Warning : This document is not a European Standard. It is distributed for review and comments. It is subject to change without notice and
shall not be referred to as a European Standard.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels
© 2010 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. prEN 1339:2010: E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
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Contents Page
Foreword . 3
1 Scope . 4
2 Normative references . 4
3 Terms and definitions . 5
4 Requirements for materials . 7
5 Requirements for products . 7
6 Evaluation of conformity criteria . 13
7 Marking . 19
8 Test report . 20
Annex A (informative) Inspection schemes . 21
Annex B (normative) Procedure for acceptance testing of a consignment at delivery . 26
Annex C (normative) Measurement of the dimensions of a single flag . 28
Annex D (normative) Determination of freeze/thaw resistance with de-icing salt . 32
Annex E (normative) Measurement of abrasion resistance . 38
Annex F (normative) Measuring of abrasion according to the Böhme test . 46
Annex G (normative) Method for the determination of unpolished slip resistance value (USRV) . 50
Annex H (normative) Verification of visual aspects . 57
Annex I (informative) Example of the application of the method for checking conformity of
either bending strength or breaking load by variables (6.3.8.3.B) . 58
Annex ZA (informative) Clauses of this European Standard addressing the provisions of the
EU Construction Products Directive (89/106/EEC) . 61
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Foreword
This document (prEN 1339:2010) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 178 “Paving units
and kerbs”, the secretariat of which is held by BSI.
This document is currently submitted to the CEN Enquiry.
This document will supersede EN 1339:2003.
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1 Scope
This European Standard specifies materials, properties, requirements and test methods for cement bound
unreinforced concrete paving flags and complementary fittings.
It is applicable to precast concrete paving flags and complementary fittings that are for use in trafficked
paved areas and roof coverings.
In case of regular use of studded tyres additional requirements are sometimes needed.
This standard does not deal with the tactility or visibility of flags nor with permeable flags.
This standard provides for the product marking and the evaluation of conformity of the product to this
European Standard.
2 Normative references
This European Standard incorporates by dated and undated references, provisions from other publications.
These normative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text, and the publications are listed
hereafter. For dated references subsequent amendments to or revisions of any of these publications apply
to this European Standard only when incorporated in it by amendment or revision. For undated references,
the latest edition of the publication referred to applies (including amendments).
EN 10083-2, Quenched and tempered steels — Part 2: Technical delivery conditions for unalloyed quality
steels.
EN 13369, Common rules for precast concrete products.
EN ISO 4288, Geometric product specification (GPS) - Surface texture - Profile method: Rules and
procedures for the assessment of surface texture (ISO 4288:1996).
EN ISO 6506-1, Metallic materials - Brinell hardness test - Part 1: Test method.
EN ISO 6506-2, Metallic materials - Brinell hardness test - Part 2: Verification and calibration of testing
machines.
EN ISO 6506-3, Metallic materials - Brinell hardness test - Part 3: Calibration of reference blocks.
ISO 48, Rubber, vulcanised or thermoplastic — Determination of hardness (hardness between 10 IRHD
and 100 IRHD).
ISO 4662, Rubber — Determination of rebound resilience of vulcanizates.
ISO 7619, Rubber — Determination of indentation hardness by means of pocket hardness meters.
ISO 7873, Control charts for arithmetic average with warning limits.
ISO 7966, Acceptance control charts.
ISO 8486-1, Bond abrasives — Determination and designation of grainsize distribution — Macrogrits F4 to
F220.
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3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this European Standard, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1
arris
part of a flag where two faces meet. It can be bevelled, rounded, chamfered, radiussed or splayed
3.2
concrete paving flag
precast concrete unit used as a surfacing material that satisfies the following conditions:
its overall length does not exceed 1 m;
its overall length divided by its thickness is greater than four
NOTE These two conditions are not applicable to complementary fittings.
3.3
complementary fitting
unit, sometimes a part of a flag, which is used to infill and enable an area to be completely surfaced
3.4
permeable paving flag
flag intended, by its structure, to allow the passage of water through the flag
3.5
overall length
longer side of the rectangle with the smallest area able to enclose the flag excluding any spacer nibs
3.6
overall width
shorter side of the rectangle with the smallest area able to enclose the flag excluding any spacer nibs
3.7
thickness
distance between the upper face and the bed face of the flag
3.8
spacer nibs
small protruding profiles on a side face of a flag
3.9
upper face
surface intended to be seen when in use
3.10
bed face
surface generally parallel to the upper face and in contact with the bedding after laying
3.11
facing layer
layer of concrete on the upper face of a flag of different material and/or properties to the main body or
backing layer of a flag
NOTE To be distinguished from wipe, being a fine cement mortar or slurry applied to the surface of the flag.
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3.12
draw
intended angle of the side face from the vertical plane over the full height of a flag as shown in Figure 1
1
1
2
α
Key
1 Chamfer 2 Thickness
α Draw
Figure 1 — Example of chamfer and draw
3.13
chamfer
bevelled arris, as shown in Figure 1
3.14
work dimension
any dimension of a flag specified for its manufacture to which the actual dimension should conform within
specified permissible deviations
3.15
secondary processing
manufacturing process to texture the whole flag or any surface, carried out after basic manufacture before
or after hardening
3.16
actual dimension
dimension of a flag as measured
3.17
chased side face
side face of a concrete paving flag, having a recessed profile
3.18
skid resistance
ability to resist relative movement between a vehicle tyre and the trafficked concrete paving flag surface
3.19
slip resistance
ability to resist relative movement between a pedestrian foot and the trafficked concrete paving flag surface
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3.20
format
work dimension of a flag specified in order of overall length, overall width and thickness
3.21
wipe
fine cement mortar or slurry applied to the surface of the units prior to curing
4 Requirements for materials
4.1 General
Only materials with suitability established in terms of their properties and performance shall be used in the
manufacture of concrete paving flags.The suitability requirements of the materials used shall be given in the
manufacturer’s production control documentation.
Where, by conformity with relevant specifications, the properties and performance of materials have been
demonstrated, further testing need not be performed.
A reference scheme for materials inspection is given in annex A.
4.2 Asbestos
Asbestos, or materials containing asbestos, shall not be used.
5 Requirements for products
5.1 General
The performance requirements of concrete paving flags are defined by classes which have associated
marking designations.
Flags may be produced with a single concrete throughout or with different facing and backing layers.
When flags are produced with a facing layer this shall have a minimum thickness of 4.0 mm over that area
claimed by the manufacturer to be faced, when measured in accordance with annex C. Isolated particles of
aggregate protruding into the facing layer shall be ignored. The facing layer shall be an integral part of the
flag. A wipe shall only be carried out on a unit prior to curing, the constituents used shall be the same as in
the body of the flag.
An arris described as square may be bevelled or rounded. The horizontal or vertical dimensions shall not
exceed 2.0 mm.
A bevelled arris exceeding 2.0 mm shall be described as chamfered. Its dimensions shall be declared by
the manufacturer.
Flags may be produced with functional and/or decorative profiles, which shall not be included in the work
dimensions of a flag.
The surface of flags may be textured, secondary processed or treated chemically; these finishes or
treatments shall be described and declared by the manufacturer.
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5.2 Shape and dimensions
5.2.1 General
All references to dimensions in this subclause are to work dimensions.
The conformity criteria corresponding to each requirement taken separately are given in 6.3.8.1. The
dimensions and deviations shall be measured according to annex C.
5.2.2 Work dimensions
The work dimensions shall be stated by the manufacturer.
5.2.3 Spacer nibs, draw or chased profiled side faces
Flags may be produced with spacer nibs, a draw or chased profiled side faces. When these are provided,
the manufacturer shall declare their work dimensions. They are not included in the stated length or width of
a block.
NOTE The size of the space allocated to the flag should include an allowance for joints and deviations.
5.2.4 Permissible deviations
The permissible deviations on the manufacturer's declared work dimensions are given in Tables 1, 2 and 3.
Table 1 — Permissible deviations
Class Marking Flag work Length Width Thickness
dimensions
mm mm mm mm
1 N all ± 5.0 ± 5.0 ± 3.0
2 P < 600 ± 2.0 ± 2.0 ± 3.0
> 600 ± 3.0 ± 3.0 ± 3.0
3 R all ± 2.0 ± 2.0 ± 2.0
The difference between any two measurements of the length, width and thickness of a single
flag shall be < 3 mm.
For non-rectangular flags the deviations of the other dimensions shall be declared by the manufacturer.
When the length of the diagonals exceeds 300 mm, the maximum permissible differences between the
measurement of the two diagonals of a rectangular flag are given in Table 2.
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Table 2 — Maximum differences between the measurement of the diagonals
Class Marking Diagonal Maximum difference
Mm mm
1 J < 850 5
> 850 8
2 K < 850 3
> 850 6
3 L < 850 2
> 850 4
When the maximum dimension of a flag exceeds 300 mm, the deviations for flatness and bow given in
Table 3 shall apply to an upper face intended to be plane.
When the upper face is not intended to be plane, the manufacturer shall supply the information on
deviations.
Table 3 — Deviations of flatness and bow
Length of gauge Maximum convex Maximum concave
mm Mm mm
300 1,5 1,0
400 2,0 1,5
500 2,5 1,5
800 4,0 2,5
5.3 Physical and mechanical properties
5.3.1 General
The flags shall conform to the following requirements at the time they are declared suitable for use by the
manufacturer.
When complementary fittings cannot be tested according to this standard, they are considered to be in the
same class as the standard flags, provided they have at least the same concrete quality and manufacturing
process as flags complying with this standard.
5.3.2 Weathering resistance
5.3.2.1 Test method
The weathering resistance is determined by tests according to annex D for freeze-thaw resistance or annex
E for water absorption and to the conformity criteria of 6.3.8.2.
5.3.2.2 Performance and classes
The flags shall conform to the requirements in Table 4.1 or Table 4.2.
Recommendations as to the class(es) of weathering resistance required to ensure durability for that country,
for the uses for which the product is put on the market, may be made at a national level.
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Table 4.1 — Water absorption
Class Marking Water absorption
% by mass
1 A no performance measured
2 B
≤ 6.5
Where specific conditions exist such as frequent contact of surfaces with de-icing salts under frost
conditions, the requirements defined in Table 4.2 may have to be fulfilled.
Table 4.2 — Resistance to freeze-thaw with de-icing salts
Class Marking Mass loss after freeze/thaw test
kg/m²
3 D
≤ 1,0
as a mean with no individual value > 1,5
5.3.3 Bending strength
5.3.3.1 Test method
The characteristic bending strength shall be determined by testing according to annex F and to the
conformity criteria given in 6.3.8.3.
5.3.3.2 Performance and classes
The characteristic bending strength shall not be less than the value corresponding to the class in Table 5.
None of the individual results shall be less than the corresponding minimum bending strength in Table 5.
Table 5 — Bending strength classes
Class Marking Characteristic bending strength Minimum bending strength
Mpa MPa
1 S 3,5 2,8
2 T 4,0 3,2
3 U 5,0 4,0
Guidance on application may be provided at a national level.
5.3.3.3 Complementary fittings
Complementary fittings are not to be tested but considered to be in the same class as the standard flags,
provided they have at least the same concrete strength.
5.3.3.4 Durability of strength
Under normal exposure conditions of use precast concrete flags will continue to provide satisfactory
strength, provided they conform to 5.3.3.2 and are subject to normal maintenance.
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5.3.4 Abrasion resistance
5.3.4.1 Test method
Abrasion resistance is determined by the Wide Wheel Abrasion test (see annex G), or as an alternative by
the Böhme test (see annex H). The Wide Wheel Abrasion test is the reference test.
5.3.4.2 Performance and classes
Requirements for abrasion resistance are given in Table 6.
No individual result shall be greater than the required value.
Table 6 — Abrasion resistance classes
Class Marking Requirement
Measured in accordance with the Alternatively measured in accordance
test method described in annex G with the test method described in
annex H
1 F No performance measured No performance measured
2
2 G < 26 mm < 26 000 mm³/5 000 mm
2
3 H < 23 mm < 20 000 mm³/5 000 mm
3 2
4 I < 20 mm < 18 000 mm /5 000 mm
5.3.5 Slip/skid resistance
5.3.5.1 Test Method
Slip /skid resistance is determined by testing in accordance with the test method as described in ENV
12633
NB If ENV 12633 is published separately as a CEN TS, the reference will need to be changed editorially
before final publication
5.3.5.2 Performance and classes
Requirements for slip/skid resistance are given in Table 5.3. Both the unpolished and polished values shall,
satisfy the requirements for the class
Table 5.3 Skid Resistance classes
Class Marking Slip/skid resistance values
If the surface of a flag contains
ridges, grooves or other surface
features which prevent testing by
1 P No performance measured
the pendulum friction
2 Q > 35
equipment, the product
3 R > 45
is deemed to satisfy the
4 S > 55
requirements of this
standard without testing. Where the flag is too small to provide a test area, the manufacturer shall test a larger
flag having the same surface finish as the flag in question.
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NOTE The slip/skid resistance value relates to flags as manufactured and helps to ensure adequate slip/skid
resistance on installation.
5.3.6 Breaking load
5.3.6.1 Test method
The breaking load shall be determined in accordance with the test method described in annex F.
The conformity criteria are given in 6.3.8.2.
5.3.6.2 Performance and classes
The flags shall conform to the values indicated in Table 7.
Table 7 — Breaking load classes
Class Marking Characteristic breaking load Minimum breaking load
number
KN kN
30 3 3,0 2,4
45 4 4,5 3,6
70 7 7,0 5,6
110 11 11,0 8,8
140 14 14,0 11,2
250 25 25,0 20,0
300 30 30,0 24,0
NOTE For design considerations special attention should be given to the possible loading conditions on flags
larger than 600 mm.
5.3.7 Fire performance
5.3.7.1 Reaction to fire
1)
Concrete paving flags are Class A1 reaction to fire without testing .
5.3.7.2 External fire performance
Concrete paving flags used as roof covering are deemed to satisfy the requirements for external fire
2)
performance without the need for testing .
5.3.8 Thermal conductivity
If concrete flags are intended to contribute to the thermal performance of an element, then the manufacturer
shall declare the thermal conductivity using design data from EN 13369.
1)
Reference is made to the Commission Decision 96/603/EC as amended.
2)
See Commission Decision 2000/553/EC.
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5.4 Visual aspects
5.4.1 Appearance
The upper faces of the concrete flags shall not exhibit defects such as cracking, or flaking, when examined
in accordance with annex J.
In the case of two-layer flags and when examined in accordance with annex J there shall be no delamination
(i.e. separation) between the layers.
NOTE When efflorescence occurs it is not deleterious to the performance of the flags in use and is not considered
significant.
5.4.2 Texture
In the case of flags produced with special surface textures, the texture shall be described by the manufacturer.
If examined in accordance with annex J, conformity shall be established if there are no significant differences in
texture to any samples supplied by the manufacturer and approved by the purchaser.
NOTE Variations in the texture consistency of the flags can be caused by unavoidable variations in the properties
of the raw materials and by variations in hardening and are not considered significant.
5.4.3 Colour
Colours may be provided in a facing layer or throughout the flag at the manufacturer's discretion.
If examined in accordance with annex J, conformity shall be established if there are no significant differences in
colour to any samples supplied by the manufacturer and approved by the purchaser.
NOTE Variations in the colour consistency of the flags can be caused by unavoidable variations in the shade and
properties of the raw materials and by variations in hardening and are not considered significant.
6 Evaluation of conformity criteria
6.1 General
For the purpose of testing, the manufacturer may group products into families, where it is considered that
the value of a selected property is common to all products within that family. Such families are:
1) strength family: flags manufactured using the same type of materials and production methods,
irrespective of dimensions and colours;
NOTE Breaking load is dependent upon flag dimensions
2) surface family: flags with face mixes having the same main aggregate used in the mix
(e.g. natural river gravel, crushed granite, porphyr, basalt or limestone) and the same surface
treatment of the finished product, irrespective of dimensions and colours.
6.1.1 Demonstration of conformity
Conformity of the product with the requirements of this standard and with the declared values (levels or
classes) for the product properties shall be demonstrated by carrying out both:
type testing of the product (see 6.2);
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factory production control (see 6.3), including product testing.
6.1.2 Assessment of conformity
In addition, conformity of the product with this standard may be assessed:
either by a third party inspecting the manufacturer’s type testing and factory production control
procedures;
or by acceptance testing of a consignment at delivery (e.g. in the case of dispute, see annex B).
6.2 Type testing of the product
6.2.1 Initial type testing
Initial type testing shall be performed to demonstrate conformity with this standard at the beginning of the
manufacture of a new product type or a family of product types, or setting up a new production line, to
confirm that the achieved properties of the product meet the requirements of this standard and the values
declared for it by the manufacturer.
Where the product has previously been tested according to this standard, (same product, same
characteristics, same or more demanding test method and same sampling procedure), the result may be
used to satisfy initial type testing.
6.2.2 Further type testing
Whenever a change occurs in the raw materials, the proportions used or the production equipment or
process, which would change significantly some or all of the properties of the finished product, the type
tests shall be repeated for the selected property or properties.
NOTE Examples of major changes:
1) change from natural river gravel to crushed rock aggregates or change of cement type or class;
2) partial substitution of cement by additions.
For abrasion and weathering resistance, type testing shall be repeated periodically with the frequency given
in Table 8 even when no change occurs.
Table 8 — Periodically repeated type testing
Property Frequency
Abrasion (only classes 2, 3 and 4) Once per year per surface family
1)
Weathering resistance (only class 3) Once per year per surface family
1)
If for a surface family the result of a type test (mass loss) is lower than 50 % of the required
value the test frequency may be reduced to once per two years.
If for a surface family, routine water absorption testing at the frequency for class 2 products
(see 6.3.8.2.) is carried out to demonstrate consistency with flags submitted to freeze/thaw
testing, the required test frequency may be reduced to once per two years.
If both conditions are met, the test frequency may be reduced to once per four years.
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6.2.3 Sampling, testing and conformity criteria
The number of flags to be tested shall be in accordance with Table 9 for the selected property.
Table 9 — Sampling plan and conformity criteria for initial and further type testing
Property Requirement Testing Number Conformity criteria
methodof flags
1)
Appearance 5.4.1 Annex J 10 No flag shall show cracking, flaking
2)
or delamination
2) 1)
Shape and 5.2 Annex C 8 Each flag shall meet the
dimensions requirements for the declared class
2)
Thickness of 5.1 C.6 8 Each flag shall meet the
facing layer requirements
Bending strength 5.3.3 -Table 5 Annex F 8 No flag shall have a bending
strength less than the characteristic
value for the declared class
Breaking load 5.3.6 - Table 7 No flag shall have a breaking load
less than the characteristic value for
the declared class
Abrasion 5.3.4 Annex G or H 3 Each flag shall meet the
resistance (only requirements for the declared class
classes 2, 3 and
4)
Slip/skid 5.3.5 Annex I 5 The mean of the five flags shall be
resistance (only declared
where tested)
Weathering
— class 2 5.3.2 Annex E 3 No flags shall have a water
absorption greater than 6 % by
mass
— class 3 5.3.2 Annex D 3 The mean of the three flags shall not
2
be greater than 1,0 kg/m with no
individual result greater than 1,5
2
kg/m
1)
These flags may be used for subsequent tests.
2)
C.6 only applies to flags with a facing layer.
The type tests shall be carried out in accordance with the reference test methods called up in this standard.
Type testing is normally carried out with the manufacturer's test equipment.
The test results shall be recorded.
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6.3 Factory production control
6.3.1 General
The manufacturer shall establish, document and maintain a factory production control system to ensure that
the products placed on the market will conform with the specified or declared values.
The factory production control system shall consist of procedures, regular inspection and tests and the
utilisation of the results to control raw and other incoming materials, equipment, the production process and
the product.
An example of a suitable inspection scheme for factory production control is given in annex A.
The results of inspections requiring action and the results of tests shall be recorded.
The action to be taken when control values or criteria are not met shall be given.
6.3.2 Equipment
All weighing, measuring and testing equipment shall be calibrated and regularly inspected according to the
documented procedures, frequencies and criteria.
An inspection scheme for equipment is given in A.1.
6.3.3 Raw and other incoming materials
The specifications of all incoming materials shall be documented.
An example of an inspection sc
...
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