SIST ISO 81346-12:2023
(Main)Industrial systems, installations and equipment and industrial products — Structuring principles and reference designations — Part 12: Construction works and building services
Industrial systems, installations and equipment and industrial products — Structuring principles and reference designations — Part 12: Construction works and building services
This document establishes rules for structuring of systems and the formulation of reference designations and provides classes for systems in the field of construction works and building services. This document also specifies a classification of objects and corresponding letter codes for use in reference designations of object occurences.
This document is not intended for manufacturers or system-related designations of individuals (e.g. inventory number or serial number) or for product types (e.g. article number or parts number).
Systèmes industriels, installations et appareils, et produits industriels — Principes de structurations et désignations de référence — Partie 12: Travaux de construction et services bâtiment
Industrijski sistemi, postroji in oprema ter industrijski proizvodi - Načela strukturiranja in referenčne oznake - 12. del: Gradbena dela in stavbni sistemi
Ta dokument vzpostavlja pravila za strukturiranje sistemov in oblikovanje referenčnih oznak ter podaja razrede za sisteme na področju gradbenih del in stavbnih sistemov. Ta dokument določa tudi klasifikacijo predmetov in ustrezne črkovne kode za uporabo pri referenčnih oznakah pojavnosti predmetov.
Ta dokument ni namenjen proizvajalcem ali s sistemom povezanim oznakam posameznikov (npr. inventarna številka ali serijska številka) ali vrstam izdelkov (npr. številka izdelka ali številka dela).
General Information
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-september-2023
Industrijski sistemi, postroji in oprema ter industrijski proizvodi - Načela
strukturiranja in referenčne oznake - 12. del: Gradbena dela in stavbni sistemi
Industrial systems, installations and equipment and industrial products — Structuring
principles and reference designations — Part 12: Construction works and building
services
Systèmes industriels, installations et appareils, et produits industriels — Principes de
structurations et désignations de référence — Partie 12: Travaux de construction et
services bâtiment
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: ISO 81346-12:2018
ICS:
01.110 Tehnična dokumentacija za Technical product
izdelke documentation
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 81346-12
First edition
2018-05
Industrial systems, installations and
equipment and industrial products —
Structuring principles and reference
designations —
Part 12:
Construction works and building
services
Systèmes industriels, installations et appareils, et produits
industriels — Principes de structurations et désignations de
référence —
Partie 12: Travaux de construction et services bâtiment
Reference number
©
ISO 2018
© ISO 2018
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
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Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2018 – All rights reserved
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Structuring . 4
4.1 General . 4
4.2 Function-oriented structure . 5
4.3 Product-oriented structure . 5
4.4 Location-oriented structure . 6
4.5 Type-oriented structure. 6
5 Reference designation . 6
5.1 General . 6
5.2 Systems . 7
5.3 Identification of top nodes . 7
5.4 Designation of objects . 8
5.5 Designation of locations .10
5.5.1 General.10
5.5.2 Point of installation .10
5.5.3 Site of installation .11
6 Specific designations .12
6.1 Designation of signals .12
6.2 Designation of terminals .12
6.3 Designation of documents.12
7 Designation of types .12
8 Designations and properties of objects .13
Annex A (normative) Classification letter codes .15
Annex B (informative) Examples of application .23
Annex C (informative) Specific designations .48
Bibliography .49
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www .iso .org/directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www .iso .org/patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation on the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the
World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following
URL: www .iso .org/iso/foreword .html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 10, Technical product documentation,
Subcommittee SC 10, Process plant documentation, in cooperation with Technical Committee IEC/TC 3,
Information structures and elements, identification and marking principles, documentation and graphical
symbols.
Documents in the 80000 to 89999 range of reference numbers are developed by collaboration between
ISO and IEC.
IEC 81346 consists of the following basic parts, under the general title Industrial systems, installations
and equipment and industrial products — Structuring principles and reference designations:
— Part 1: Basic rules
— Part 2: Classification of objects and codes for classes
A list of all parts in the ISO 81346 series can be found on the ISO website.
iv © ISO 2018 – All rights reserved
Introduction
This document considers and supports the planning, erection, utilization and operation of construction
works. The application of a reference designation system for construction works (RDS-CW) may lead
to restructuring and reorientation of these activities and thereby offers the potential for increasing
efficiency and economization. The following advantages of designation systems will become
increasingly important in the future.
— The reference designation system can be applied in several technical fields in the same way and is
not designed only for one. So, technical, structural and constructive objects, for example, can be
treated in the same way – a basis for company-wide synergy effects.
— The reference designation system allows for integrating any kind of systems and components
without changing the once defined designations.
— The reference designation is not bound to a fixed structural pattern. Thus the designation system is
vertically and horizontally expansible, which makes the interpretability in some cases quite complex.
Therefore an exact and computer-interpretable documentation and description is essential.
— The application of different aspects allows for designation of system elements by function, realizing
products or location independently of each other.
— The different aspects in structuring and the possibility of creating relations between objects
represented in these structures offer search and filter criteria and information correlations in a
much greater variety than before.
Users of this document will be able to manage object occurrences and related properties in a more
efficient and consistent way. When implemented, information across various data processing systems
can be handled in an unambiguous way. Other well-known information structures besides the reference
designation structures in this document are:
— organization structures;
— utilization structures;
— cost structures;
— performance structures;
— real estate structures.
These and other structures can be linked to each other, or to the reference-designation-based
structures, so that requirements of flexibility and individuality can be fulfilled.
New three-letter codes are used according to IEC 3/1224A/CD (IEC 81346-2:2009), Table 3.
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 81346-12:2018(E)
Industrial systems, installations and equipment and
industrial products — Structuring principles and reference
designations —
Part 12:
Construction works and building services
1 Scope
This document establishes rules for structuring of systems and the formulation of reference
designations and provides classes for systems in the field of construction works and building services.
This document also specifies a classification of objects and corresponding letter codes for use in
reference designations of object occurences.
This document is not intended for manufacturers or system-related designations of individuals (e.g.
inventory number or serial number) or for product types (e.g. article number or parts number).
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 4157-2:1998, Construction drawings — Designation systems — Part 2: Room names and numbers
ISO 15519-1, Specification for diagrams for process industry — Part 1: General rules
IEC 61082-1, Preparation of Documents used in electrotechnology — Part 1: Rules
IEC 81346-1:2009, Industrial systems, installations and equipment and industrial products — Structuring
principles and reference designations — Part 1: Basic rules
IEC 81346-2:2009, Industrial systems, installations and equipment and industrial products — Structuring
principles and reference designations — Part 2: Classification of objects and codes for classes
IEC 61175-1, Industrial systems, installations and equipment and industrial products — Designation of signals
IEC 61355-1:2008, Classification and designation of documents for plants, systems and equipment —
Part 1: Rules and classification tables
IEC 61666, Industrial systems, installations and equipment and industrial products — Identification of
terminals within a system
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https: //www .iso .org/obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at http: //www .electropedia .org/
3.1
aspect
specified way of viewing an object
[SOURCE: IEC 81346-1:2009, 3.3]
3.2
building
construction works that has the provision of shelter for its occupants or contents as one of its main
purposes, usually partially or totally enclosed and designed to stand permanently in one place
Note 1 to entry: A building is a type of construction entity.
[SOURCE: ISO 6707-1:2017, 3.1.1.3, modified — Note 1 to entry has been revised.]
3.3
building services
utilities and installations supplied and distributed within a building such as electricity, gas, heating,
water and communications
[SOURCE: ISO 16484-2:2004, 3.33, modified — the abbreviated term “BS” has been deleted.]
3.4
component
product used as a constituent in an assembled product, system or plant
[SOURCE: IEC 81346-1:2009, 3.7]
3.5
construction element
constituent of a construction entity with a characteristic function, form, or position
Note 1 to entry: ISO 12006-2:2015, Table 1 classifies examples by function or form or position or any combination
of these.
[SOURCE: ISO 12006-2:2015, 3.4.3, modified — Note 1 to entry revised.]
3.6
construction entity
independent unit of the built environment with a characteristic form and spatial structure, intended to
serve at least one function or user activity
Note 1 to entry: A construction entity is the basic unit of the built environment. It is recognizable as a physically
independent construction even though a number of construction entities might be seen as parts of a particular
construction complex. Ancillary works such as access roads, landscaping or service connections may be regarded
as part of a construction entity. Conversely, when ancillary works are of sufficient scale they may be regarded as
construction entities in their own right.
[SOURCE: ISO 12006-2:2015, 3.4.2]
3.7
construction works
everything that is constructed or results from construction operations
Note 1 to entry: In ISO 12006-2:2015, the term “construction result” is used instead of the term “construction
works”. Construction result is defined as “construction object which is formed or changed in state as the result of
one or more construction processes using one or more construction resources.”
[SOURCE: ISO 6707-1:2017, 3.1.1.1, modified — Note 1 to entry has been added.]
2 © ISO 2018 – All rights reserved
3.8
kind of document
type of document defined with respect to its specified content of information and form of presentation
Note 1 to entry: Sometimes the term ‘document type’ is used for the same concept.
[SOURCE: IEC 61355-1:2008, 3.6]
3.9
equipment
aggregation of functional elements or assembly of components and modules that belong together in one
physical unit of a plant or in a functional unit of a system
[SOURCE: ISO 16484-2:2004, 3.73]
3.10
function
intended or accomplished purpose or task
[SOURCE: IEC 81346-1:2009, 3.5]
3.11
functional system
object with characteristics which predominantly represents an overall inherent function
3.12
inherent function
function of an object, independent of any application of the object
Note 1 to entry: Oxford Dictionaries (https: //en .oxforddictionaries .com) defines “inherent” as “existing in
something as a permanent, essential, or characteristic attribute”.
3.13
object
entity treated in a process of development, implementation, usage and disposal
Note 1 to entry: The object may refer to a physical or non-physical “thing”, i.e. anything that might exist, exists or
did exist.
Note 2 to entry: The object has information associated to it.
Note 3 to entry: Object is considered any part of the perceivable or conceivable world in ISO 12006-2:2015, 3.1.1.
[SOURCE: IEC 81346-1:2009, 3.1, modified — Note 3 to entry has been added.]
3.14
plant
assembly of different systems on a specific site
[SOURCE: IEC 61355-1:2008, 3.10]
3.15
point of installation
system on or in which components are installed
EXAMPLE Switch built into a wall system or built into a cabinet.
3.16
product
intended or accomplished result of labour, or of a natural or artificial process
[SOURCE: IEC 81346-1:2009, 3.6]
3.17
site of installation
space in which systems or components are physically located
EXAMPLE Cabinet located in a technical room.
3.18
space
limited three-dimensional extent defined physically or notionally
[SOURCE: ISO 12006-2:2015, 3.1.8]
3.19
structure
organization of relations among objects of a system describing constituency relations (consist-of/is-a-
part-of)
[SOURCE: IEC 81346-1:2009, 3.9]
3.20
system
set of interrelated objects considered in a defined context as a whole and separated from their
environment
Note 1 to entry: A system is generally defined with the view of achieving a given objective, e.g. by performing a
definite function.
Note 2 to entry: Elements of a system may be natural or man-made material objects, as well as modes of thinking
and the results thereof (e.g. forms of organization, mathematical methods, programming languages).
Note 3 to entry: The system is considered to be separated from the environment and from the other external
systems by an imaginary surface, which cuts the links between them and the system.
Note 4 to entry: When a system is part of another system, it may be considered as an object as defined in this
document.
[SOURCE: IEC 81346-1:2009, 3.2, modified — Note 4 deleted and Note 5 renumbered.]
3.21
technical system
object with characteristics which predominantly represents a coherent technical solution with an
inherent function
4 Structuring
4.1 General
To administer a (technical) system and its information in the various life cycle phases (e.g. basic data
collection, planning, construction, operation, dismantling and disposal), it is necessary to divide
the system into several (sub)systems (objects) – that is to structure it. The structuring is performed
stepwise, either in a top-down or bottom-up manner, resulting in a tree-like structure (see also
IEC 81346-1:2009, 5.1 and 5.2).
The process of structuring is carried out according to the following aspects:
— the function aspect – what an object is intended to do or what it actually does;
— the product aspect – by which means an object does what it is intended to do;
— the location aspect – intended or actual space of the object;
— the type aspect – to which group with identical properties an object belongs.
4 © ISO 2018 – All rights reserved
Because of the different information contents, a separate structure for each aspect may be needed –
especially if the application of aspects should be consequent.
By building relations between the above named structures, characteristic information can be assembled
and task-related conclusions on an object stated, such as information about the location of the object or
a product that implements two different functions.
To differentiate between the different aspects, the following prefixes shall be used according to
IEC 81346-1:
— “=” (equal) when relating to the function aspect;
— “–” (minus) when relating to the product aspect;
— “+” (plus) when relating to the location aspect;
— “%” (percent) when relating to the type aspect.
4.2 Function-oriented structure
The function-oriented consideration is important for the full life cycle of a system, for example system
design, design of process and control functions, commissioning and also for locating failures of function,
service operations and optimization works during system operation.
The function-oriented structure is based on the purpose of a system and helps to understand and to
structure any system without taking the physical solution or location of the object into consideration.
The functional reference designation (=) can be shown in any kind of document, but is typically applied
in schematic and non-scaled documents, for example overview diagram, process diagram, function
diagram, and circuit diagram.
4.3 Product-oriented structure
The product-oriented structure describes how a system is implemented and assembled. The structure
shows the partitioning of a system into single objects with regard to the product aspect independently
of where the product is located and which function it fulfils.
In the context of the product aspect, terms of tangible products include plant complex, plant, technical
equipment, component, wall, column and slab.
A product can realize one or more functions, for example a heat exchanger can heat or cool, and an
ornament can be used for covering and for providing a presentation of some artwork. Several control
functions can be implemented in one control system unit.
A product can, alone or together with others, be located at one or more locations, for example a
measuring system with location of measuring unit and displaying unit or a duct system extended to
several different locations.
With regard to the structuring and assessment of objects in planning and implementation as preparation
of the operation phase, the product-oriented aspect is important, for example for assembling and
maintenance.
The product reference designation (-) can be shown in any kind of document, but is typically applied in
scaled documents and descriptions, for example product description, construction drawing assembly
drawing, explosion drawing, network part drawing and maintenance instruction.
In the building industry a further distinction is made between construction products (e.g. ceilings,
walls or columns) and products of the building services (e.g. filters, pumps, chillers or boilers).
4.4 Location-oriented structure
The location-oriented structure is based on the topographical structure of a system and/or the
environment where the system is located. The structure shows the partitioning of a system with
regard to the location aspect. An object in a location-oriented structure can incorporate any number of
products and functions.
An object represented in the location-oriented structure can be, for example, a site, a construction
complex, a construction entity (a building), a part of a building, a storey or a room as well as an outside
areas such as a green area, a park area, a parking area, a street or a sidewalk. For a product composed
of a row of cabinets, a cabinet or a row inside a cabinet, each of these may be considered as a location.
The location-oriented structure will be used in planning, erecting and managing of buildings, rooms or
areas as well as for locating objects to be assembled or maintained.
The location reference designation (+) can be shown in any kind of document, but is typically applied
in scaled documents and descriptions, for example a site plan, floor plan, sectional drawing, elevation
drawing, ground plan, arrangement drawing or installation drawing.
4.5 Type-oriented structure
The type aspect enables creation of user-specific types of objects, classified according to IEC 81346-2
or ISO 81346-12.
The type designation designates a group of objects and not a specific single occurrence. However, a
group of type objects is also considered to be an occurrence in accordance with IEC 81346-1, and can be
designated by the type aspect.
The type aspect is used to designate a collection of objects within a specific class which have specific
properties in common. The common properties are selected by the user, and may be one, two or multiple
properties. Table 6 and Annex B show examples of designations made with the type aspect.
The specific meaning of any type designation shall be explained within the supporting documents of a
project.
The type-oriented reference designation (%) can be shown in any kind of document, but is typically
applied in object libraries and bill of quantities.
5 Reference designation
5.1 General
System models are often partitioned according to part-of relations in a tree-like structure. To address
any sub-system within such a model, a reference designation in accordance with IEC 81346-1 shall be
provided.
A single-level reference designation shall consist of a prefix followed by either:
— a letter code followed by a number;
— a letter code; or
— a number.
The letter code shall represent the class of the object designated. The number shall distinguish between
occurrences of the same class.
For designation of objects within a type-, function- or product-oriented structure, the single level
reference designation shall consist of a prefix followed by a letter code followed by a number.
6 © ISO 2018 – All rights reserved
By means of classifying, objects are assigned to a class of objects, but no properties are described or a
detailed typecast carried out. Letter codes for object classes are given in Tables A.1 to A.2 in Annex A
and in IEC 81346-2.
If the number of characters in a reference designation needs to be limited due to project or IT-system-
related circumstances, such limitations shall not impair the possibility for design of systems-of-systems.
For the presentation of reference designations, the requirement in IEC 81346-1:2009, 9.1 shall be
followed.
For presentation techniques within documents, including simplification methods, the requirements in
ISO 15519-1 and IEC 61082-1 apply. For labelling, the requirements in IEC 81346-1:2009, Clause 10 apply.
If other presentation methods are needed, the method applied shall be described in the supporting
documentation.
5.2 Systems
The concept of system shall not be linked to any specific domain, but is to be used in a broad sense. In
the context of this document, all objects are seen as systems.
The system approach allows a designer to handle wholes (as distinct from parts). By identifying related
systems, the relationships among these can be determined and monitored, for example to ensure that
all systems operate correctly.
A system-of-systems brings together a set of systems for a task that none of the systems can accomplish
on its own. This is reflected in a multi-level reference designation.
NOTE Further information on systems can be found in ISO 12006-2 and ISO/IEC/IEEE 15288.
5.3 Identification of top nodes
In the context of this document, each domain within construction works shall be considered as an
independent system.
If there is a need to recognize the different domains with respect to reference designations, the concept
of the top node identifier as specified in IEC 81346-1:2009, 9.3 shall be applied.
For the identification of the different domains within construction works, the letter codes provided in
Table 1 shall be applied.
Table 1 — Letter codes for domains to be applied as top node identifiers
Letter code Domain
(abbreviation)
A Activity space
B Built space
C Construction complex
D Construction aid
E Construction entity
G Construction agent
L Construction element
P Construction product
R Construction process
S Storey
Z Zone
NOTE The terms for the domains are taken from ISO 12006-2:2015.
If a top node identifier is to be presented together with a reference designation, it shall be presented
within “< . >” (angle-brackets), preceding the reference designations within the system the top node
represents. See Figure 1.
Figure 1 — Appliance of top node identifier
Examples of application of top node identifiers are illustrated in Table 2.
Table 2 — Examples of application of top node identifiers
Object Reference designation including top node
Construction element: [L] −QQC5
a
Door no. 5: QQC5
Built space: [B] −DBA03
b
Control equipment space no. 3: DBA03
Activity space: [A] −BAA12
b
Office no. 12: BAA12
a
Class code according to IEC 81346-2:2009, Table 3.
b
Class code according to IEC 81346-2:2009, Table 4.
5.4 Designation of objects
With the reference designation, the designation of the object-of-interest is given within an aspect of the
system-of-interest.
In the context of this document, the following apply.
— For the designation of objects recognized as functional systems, letter codes in accordance with
Annex A, Table A.1, shall be applied.
— For the designation of objects recognized as technical systems, letter codes in accordance with
Annex A, Table A.2, shall be applied.
— For all other objects the letter codes provided in IEC 81346-2:2009, Table 3 shall be applied.
Figure 2 illustrates the reference designation layout.
8 © ISO 2018 – All rights reserved
Figure 2 — Reference designation layout
When using numbers, appliance of preceding zeros (e.g. “01” or “001”) shall have no specific meaning if
applied.
Letter codes shall be one, two or three letters, representing a class of a functional system (one letter),
a class of a technical system (two letters) or a construction element (three letters), depending on the
object designated. The designation of any system and its constituents depends on the complexity of the
system, which is reflected within the reference designation. If the design is simple (e.g. just a collection
of doors), a designation for the component shall be sufficient to designate the object unambiguously
(single-level reference designation). If the complexity increases (e.g. systems containing subsystems),
the system and its constituents is designated (multi-level reference designation). See examples in
Table 3.
Table 3 — Examples of objects/object systems
Object (system) Reference designation
Stairway construction no. 1 −AF1
Door no. 5 −QQC5
Wall construction no. 1 −B1.AD1
Part of wall system no. 1 or −B1−AD1
or −B1AD1
Door no. 2 −B1.AD3.QQC2
Part of wall construction no. 3 or −B1−AD3−QQC2
Part of wall system no. 1 or −B1AD3QQC2
Ventilation plant no. 4 =J1.HF4
Part of ventilation system no. 1 or =J1=HF4
or =J1HF4
Table 3 (continued)
Object (system) Reference designation
Pressure switch no. 21 =J2.HF3.KC1.BPD21
Part of filter system no. 1 or =J2=HF3=KC1=BPD21
Part of ventilation plant no. 3 or =J2HF3KC1BPD21
Part of ventilation system no. 2
Switch no. 6 =K2.HG1.HH2.SJA6
Part of lighting system no. 2 or =K2=HG1=HH2=SJA6
Part of power supply system no. 1 or =K2HG1HH2SJA6
Part of electrical system no. 2
Card reader no. 3 =KL4.BYA3
Access control system no. 4 or =KL4=BYA3
or =KL4BYA3
Annex B gives application examples of reference designations in systems of construction works and
building services.
5.5 Designation of locations
5.5.1 General
In the location-oriented designation two aspects are distinguished by different prefixes:
— The aspect represented by single prefix “+” shall represent the point of installation in a system.
Examples in the area of construction works are beams, mounting rails anchorages, sanitary objects
and floor boxes. Examples in the area of services are pipes, cabinets, mounting racks, operating
panels or operator stations.
— The aspect represented by double prefix “++” shall represent the site of installation within spaces.
Examples are site, property, building, storey and room.
5.5.2 Point of installation
It is sometimes useful to use one system to host parts of other systems. Examples of such scenarios are
when an electrical switch is installed in a wall, or a temperature sensor from one system is installed in
another system.
In such cases, the system which hosts the installed objects shall also be designated by using the point of
installation designation represented by the prefix “+” (plus).
Table 4 shows different examples of location designations based on the structuring and designation
rules of IEC 81346-1.
10 © ISO 2018 – All rights reserved
Table 4 — Examples of point of installation designations
Object Reference designation
= (function aspect)
Switch no. 6
Part of lighting system no. 2
Part of power supply system no. 1
=K2.HG1.HH2.SJA6 / +B1.AD1
Part of electrical system no. 2
or
=K2=HG1=HH2=SJA6 / +B1+AD1
/
or
The object is installed in: =K2HG1HH2SJA6 / +B1AD1
+ (point of location aspect)
Wall construction no. 1
Part of wall system no. 1
= (function aspect)
Temperature transmitter no. 02
Part of BMS system no. 2
Part of automation system no. 1 =L1.LC2.BTB02 / +J1.JJ12.WPB25
or
/
=L1=LC2=BTB02 / +J1+JJ12+WPB25
or
The object is installed in:
=L1LC2BTB02 / +J1JJ12WPB25
+ (point of location aspect)
Duct 25
Part of air distribution system 12
Part of ventilation system 1
5.5.3 Site of installation
The designation of construction complex, construction entity, storeys, zones, built spaces and activity
spaces shall be done by using the site of installation designation represented by the prefix “++” (plus-plus).
Table 5 shows different possibilities of location designations based on the structuring and designation
rules of IEC 81346-1.
Numbering of built spaces and activity spaces shall follow the requirements in ISO 4157-2:1998, 4.4.
Letter codes indicating the class of space objects may be chosen from the classification scheme given in
IEC 81346-2:2009
Table 5 — Examples of site of installation designations
Object Reference designation
Area 1 ++121.7.10.BAA231.1
Part of office no. 231
Part of floor no. 10
Part of building 7
Part of site 121
Shaft 123 ++23.01.EBB123
Part of floor no. 11
Part of building no. 23
Room 201 ++15.2.10.AAA201
Part of floor 10
Part of section 2
Part of building 15
Area 01 ++25.7.DBA03.01
Part of control equipment space no. 03
Part of building no. 7
Part of site no. 25
6 Specific designations
6.1 Designation of signals
Designation of signals shall be in accordance with IEC 61175-1. See also explanations given in Annex C.
6.2 Designation of terminals
Designation of terminals shall be in accordance with IEC 61666. See also explanations given in Annex C.
6.3 Designation of documents
Designation of documents shall be in accordance with IEC 61355-1. See also explanations given in
Annex C.
7 Designation of types
For the purpose of identification of a group of generic or project-specific objects within the same class,
a type designation is applied. The type aspect uses prefix percent “%” in front of the classification letter
code applied for the object. See Figure 3.
Figure 3 — Designation of types
12 © ISO 2018 – All rights reserved
The applied type designation shall identify a set of objects with identical values for a selected set of
properties. The specific meaning of the type designation shall be explained within the supporting
documents. See examples in Table 6 and Annex B.
NOTE Common properties are considered to be a set of properties with identical values.
Table 6 — Examples of type designations
Object (project-specific object type) Name of type Reference designation
Wall system type no. 1 Façade wall %B1
Wall system type no. 2 Inner walls %B2
Heating supply system type no. 1 Heat exchanger system %HD1
Heating supply system type no. 2 District heating system %HD2
Window type no. 1 Left-hinged window %QQA1
Window type no. 2 Top-hinged window %QQA2
Power socket type no. 1 3-pin with earth plug %XDB1
Power socket type no. 2 5-pin with earth plug %XDB2
NOTE Examples of types are currently under development and are expected to be published, possibly as an informative
document, as soon as the necessary basis has been included in IEC 81346-1 and IEC 81346-2.
8 Designations and properties of objects
If a property belonging to an object needs to be presented, the property shall be presented in
parenthesis preceded by the object designation. It is recognized that national classification systems
exist. Properties can thus be based on national classification tables or relevant international de-facto
property data sets. See Figure 4 and Table 7 for examples.
Figure 4 — Reference designation with object property information
Table 7 — Examples of adding properties
Object Property Property data and Reference designation with
reference property information
Roof structure no. 5 Type Timber structure −BE5 (timber structure)
Beam no. 32 Material Wood −ULE32 (wood)
Door no. 2 Work result classification Plastic-laminated- −QQC02 (22−08 14 23 16)
code faced wood doors
a
OmniClass 22−08 14
23 16
Wall construction no. 2 Systems classification code Concrete form mason- −AD2 (Ss_25_11_15)
ry unit wall system
b
Uniclass 2015
Ss_25_11_15
LED lamp type 3 Trade item GU 10, 2700 K, 350 lm %EAC03 (08718696483848)
c
GTIN
3 3
Pump no. 2 Capacity (pressure, volume 0,5 bar, 20 m /h =GPA02 (0,5 bar, 20 m /h)
flow)
a
US classification system.
b
UK classification system.
c
Global Trade Item Number (GTIN-13 number).
14 © ISO 2018 – All rights reserved
Annex A
(normative)
Classification letter codes
A.1 Classes of functional systems
NOTE The classification tables for building systems (Tables A.1 and A.2) are developed in accordance with
the rules and guidelines given in ISO 704 and ISO 22274.
Table A.1 — Classes of functional systems based on inherent functions
Class Preferred term Definition Examples of terms
Space systems Functional systems creating space —
A Ground system Space system which terminates a Ground, courtyard,
construction entity downwards lawn, road
embankment
B Wall system Space system which forms and separates Wall, facade, facade
space vertically system
C Slab system Space system which forms and separates Floor, ground floor
space horizontally roofing
D Roof system Space system which terminates a Roof, roofing
construction entity upwards
Installation systems Functional systems providing services —
E Gas and air system Installation system which supplies Equipment for gas and
technical gases or technical air air, gas, air
F Water and fluid system Installation system which supplies Water, liquid
domestic water, technical water or
other liquid
G Drainage and waste Installation system which discharges Drainage, waste
system liquid or disposes of waste
H Cooling and/or heating Installation system which supplies Heating, chilling
system cooling and/or heating
I Not to be applied
J Ventilation system Installation system which supplies Ventilation
air exchange
K Electrical system Installation system which supplies Electricity production
electrical energy plant, power supply
system, electrical
system, routing
system
L Automation system Installation system which controls, Control system,
adjusts and monitors technical monitoring system,
systems in a context alarm system, BMS
system, texting
system, traffic
control system
Table A.1 (continued)
Class Preferred term Definition Examples of terms
M Information and com- Installation system which provides Communication
munication system communications between persons or equipment, IT
technical systems systems, IT
equipment, ICT
system
N Transportation system Installation system which transports Transport system,
goods or persons transport, lift, goods
lift, escalator, elevator
O Not to be applied
P Security and safety Installation system which protects any Sprinkler, fire fighting,
system object from danger and damage intrusion control,
emergency lighting,
fire ventilation,
...
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 81346-12
First edition
2018-05
Industrial systems, installations and
equipment and industrial products —
Structuring principles and reference
designations —
Part 12:
Construction works and building
services
Systèmes industriels, installations et appareils, et produits
industriels — Principes de structurations et désignations de
référence —
Partie 12: Travaux de construction et services bâtiment
Reference number
©
ISO 2018
© ISO 2018
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting
on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address
below or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: +41 22 749 01 11
Fax: +41 22 749 09 47
Email: copyright@iso.org
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2018 – All rights reserved
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Structuring . 4
4.1 General . 4
4.2 Function-oriented structure . 5
4.3 Product-oriented structure . 5
4.4 Location-oriented structure . 6
4.5 Type-oriented structure. 6
5 Reference designation . 6
5.1 General . 6
5.2 Systems . 7
5.3 Identification of top nodes . 7
5.4 Designation of objects . 8
5.5 Designation of locations .10
5.5.1 General.10
5.5.2 Point of installation .10
5.5.3 Site of installation .11
6 Specific designations .12
6.1 Designation of signals .12
6.2 Designation of terminals .12
6.3 Designation of documents.12
7 Designation of types .12
8 Designations and properties of objects .13
Annex A (normative) Classification letter codes .15
Annex B (informative) Examples of application .23
Annex C (informative) Specific designations .48
Bibliography .49
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www .iso .org/directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www .iso .org/patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation on the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the
World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following
URL: www .iso .org/iso/foreword .html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 10, Technical product documentation,
Subcommittee SC 10, Process plant documentation, in cooperation with Technical Committee IEC/TC 3,
Information structures and elements, identification and marking principles, documentation and graphical
symbols.
Documents in the 80000 to 89999 range of reference numbers are developed by collaboration between
ISO and IEC.
IEC 81346 consists of the following basic parts, under the general title Industrial systems, installations
and equipment and industrial products — Structuring principles and reference designations:
— Part 1: Basic rules
— Part 2: Classification of objects and codes for classes
A list of all parts in the ISO 81346 series can be found on the ISO website.
iv © ISO 2018 – All rights reserved
Introduction
This document considers and supports the planning, erection, utilization and operation of construction
works. The application of a reference designation system for construction works (RDS-CW) may lead
to restructuring and reorientation of these activities and thereby offers the potential for increasing
efficiency and economization. The following advantages of designation systems will become
increasingly important in the future.
— The reference designation system can be applied in several technical fields in the same way and is
not designed only for one. So, technical, structural and constructive objects, for example, can be
treated in the same way – a basis for company-wide synergy effects.
— The reference designation system allows for integrating any kind of systems and components
without changing the once defined designations.
— The reference designation is not bound to a fixed structural pattern. Thus the designation system is
vertically and horizontally expansible, which makes the interpretability in some cases quite complex.
Therefore an exact and computer-interpretable documentation and description is essential.
— The application of different aspects allows for designation of system elements by function, realizing
products or location independently of each other.
— The different aspects in structuring and the possibility of creating relations between objects
represented in these structures offer search and filter criteria and information correlations in a
much greater variety than before.
Users of this document will be able to manage object occurrences and related properties in a more
efficient and consistent way. When implemented, information across various data processing systems
can be handled in an unambiguous way. Other well-known information structures besides the reference
designation structures in this document are:
— organization structures;
— utilization structures;
— cost structures;
— performance structures;
— real estate structures.
These and other structures can be linked to each other, or to the reference-designation-based
structures, so that requirements of flexibility and individuality can be fulfilled.
New three-letter codes are used according to IEC 3/1224A/CD (IEC 81346-2:2009), Table 3.
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 81346-12:2018(E)
Industrial systems, installations and equipment and
industrial products — Structuring principles and reference
designations —
Part 12:
Construction works and building services
1 Scope
This document establishes rules for structuring of systems and the formulation of reference
designations and provides classes for systems in the field of construction works and building services.
This document also specifies a classification of objects and corresponding letter codes for use in
reference designations of object occurences.
This document is not intended for manufacturers or system-related designations of individuals (e.g.
inventory number or serial number) or for product types (e.g. article number or parts number).
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 4157-2:1998, Construction drawings — Designation systems — Part 2: Room names and numbers
ISO 15519-1, Specification for diagrams for process industry — Part 1: General rules
IEC 61082-1, Preparation of Documents used in electrotechnology — Part 1: Rules
IEC 81346-1:2009, Industrial systems, installations and equipment and industrial products — Structuring
principles and reference designations — Part 1: Basic rules
IEC 81346-2:2009, Industrial systems, installations and equipment and industrial products — Structuring
principles and reference designations — Part 2: Classification of objects and codes for classes
IEC 61175-1, Industrial systems, installations and equipment and industrial products — Designation of signals
IEC 61355-1:2008, Classification and designation of documents for plants, systems and equipment —
Part 1: Rules and classification tables
IEC 61666, Industrial systems, installations and equipment and industrial products — Identification of
terminals within a system
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https: //www .iso .org/obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at http: //www .electropedia .org/
3.1
aspect
specified way of viewing an object
[SOURCE: IEC 81346-1:2009, 3.3]
3.2
building
construction works that has the provision of shelter for its occupants or contents as one of its main
purposes, usually partially or totally enclosed and designed to stand permanently in one place
Note 1 to entry: A building is a type of construction entity.
[SOURCE: ISO 6707-1:2017, 3.1.1.3, modified — Note 1 to entry has been revised.]
3.3
building services
utilities and installations supplied and distributed within a building such as electricity, gas, heating,
water and communications
[SOURCE: ISO 16484-2:2004, 3.33, modified — the abbreviated term “BS” has been deleted.]
3.4
component
product used as a constituent in an assembled product, system or plant
[SOURCE: IEC 81346-1:2009, 3.7]
3.5
construction element
constituent of a construction entity with a characteristic function, form, or position
Note 1 to entry: ISO 12006-2:2015, Table 1 classifies examples by function or form or position or any combination
of these.
[SOURCE: ISO 12006-2:2015, 3.4.3, modified — Note 1 to entry revised.]
3.6
construction entity
independent unit of the built environment with a characteristic form and spatial structure, intended to
serve at least one function or user activity
Note 1 to entry: A construction entity is the basic unit of the built environment. It is recognizable as a physically
independent construction even though a number of construction entities might be seen as parts of a particular
construction complex. Ancillary works such as access roads, landscaping or service connections may be regarded
as part of a construction entity. Conversely, when ancillary works are of sufficient scale they may be regarded as
construction entities in their own right.
[SOURCE: ISO 12006-2:2015, 3.4.2]
3.7
construction works
everything that is constructed or results from construction operations
Note 1 to entry: In ISO 12006-2:2015, the term “construction result” is used instead of the term “construction
works”. Construction result is defined as “construction object which is formed or changed in state as the result of
one or more construction processes using one or more construction resources.”
[SOURCE: ISO 6707-1:2017, 3.1.1.1, modified — Note 1 to entry has been added.]
2 © ISO 2018 – All rights reserved
3.8
kind of document
type of document defined with respect to its specified content of information and form of presentation
Note 1 to entry: Sometimes the term ‘document type’ is used for the same concept.
[SOURCE: IEC 61355-1:2008, 3.6]
3.9
equipment
aggregation of functional elements or assembly of components and modules that belong together in one
physical unit of a plant or in a functional unit of a system
[SOURCE: ISO 16484-2:2004, 3.73]
3.10
function
intended or accomplished purpose or task
[SOURCE: IEC 81346-1:2009, 3.5]
3.11
functional system
object with characteristics which predominantly represents an overall inherent function
3.12
inherent function
function of an object, independent of any application of the object
Note 1 to entry: Oxford Dictionaries (https: //en .oxforddictionaries .com) defines “inherent” as “existing in
something as a permanent, essential, or characteristic attribute”.
3.13
object
entity treated in a process of development, implementation, usage and disposal
Note 1 to entry: The object may refer to a physical or non-physical “thing”, i.e. anything that might exist, exists or
did exist.
Note 2 to entry: The object has information associated to it.
Note 3 to entry: Object is considered any part of the perceivable or conceivable world in ISO 12006-2:2015, 3.1.1.
[SOURCE: IEC 81346-1:2009, 3.1, modified — Note 3 to entry has been added.]
3.14
plant
assembly of different systems on a specific site
[SOURCE: IEC 61355-1:2008, 3.10]
3.15
point of installation
system on or in which components are installed
EXAMPLE Switch built into a wall system or built into a cabinet.
3.16
product
intended or accomplished result of labour, or of a natural or artificial process
[SOURCE: IEC 81346-1:2009, 3.6]
3.17
site of installation
space in which systems or components are physically located
EXAMPLE Cabinet located in a technical room.
3.18
space
limited three-dimensional extent defined physically or notionally
[SOURCE: ISO 12006-2:2015, 3.1.8]
3.19
structure
organization of relations among objects of a system describing constituency relations (consist-of/is-a-
part-of)
[SOURCE: IEC 81346-1:2009, 3.9]
3.20
system
set of interrelated objects considered in a defined context as a whole and separated from their
environment
Note 1 to entry: A system is generally defined with the view of achieving a given objective, e.g. by performing a
definite function.
Note 2 to entry: Elements of a system may be natural or man-made material objects, as well as modes of thinking
and the results thereof (e.g. forms of organization, mathematical methods, programming languages).
Note 3 to entry: The system is considered to be separated from the environment and from the other external
systems by an imaginary surface, which cuts the links between them and the system.
Note 4 to entry: When a system is part of another system, it may be considered as an object as defined in this
document.
[SOURCE: IEC 81346-1:2009, 3.2, modified — Note 4 deleted and Note 5 renumbered.]
3.21
technical system
object with characteristics which predominantly represents a coherent technical solution with an
inherent function
4 Structuring
4.1 General
To administer a (technical) system and its information in the various life cycle phases (e.g. basic data
collection, planning, construction, operation, dismantling and disposal), it is necessary to divide
the system into several (sub)systems (objects) – that is to structure it. The structuring is performed
stepwise, either in a top-down or bottom-up manner, resulting in a tree-like structure (see also
IEC 81346-1:2009, 5.1 and 5.2).
The process of structuring is carried out according to the following aspects:
— the function aspect – what an object is intended to do or what it actually does;
— the product aspect – by which means an object does what it is intended to do;
— the location aspect – intended or actual space of the object;
— the type aspect – to which group with identical properties an object belongs.
4 © ISO 2018 – All rights reserved
Because of the different information contents, a separate structure for each aspect may be needed –
especially if the application of aspects should be consequent.
By building relations between the above named structures, characteristic information can be assembled
and task-related conclusions on an object stated, such as information about the location of the object or
a product that implements two different functions.
To differentiate between the different aspects, the following prefixes shall be used according to
IEC 81346-1:
— “=” (equal) when relating to the function aspect;
— “–” (minus) when relating to the product aspect;
— “+” (plus) when relating to the location aspect;
— “%” (percent) when relating to the type aspect.
4.2 Function-oriented structure
The function-oriented consideration is important for the full life cycle of a system, for example system
design, design of process and control functions, commissioning and also for locating failures of function,
service operations and optimization works during system operation.
The function-oriented structure is based on the purpose of a system and helps to understand and to
structure any system without taking the physical solution or location of the object into consideration.
The functional reference designation (=) can be shown in any kind of document, but is typically applied
in schematic and non-scaled documents, for example overview diagram, process diagram, function
diagram, and circuit diagram.
4.3 Product-oriented structure
The product-oriented structure describes how a system is implemented and assembled. The structure
shows the partitioning of a system into single objects with regard to the product aspect independently
of where the product is located and which function it fulfils.
In the context of the product aspect, terms of tangible products include plant complex, plant, technical
equipment, component, wall, column and slab.
A product can realize one or more functions, for example a heat exchanger can heat or cool, and an
ornament can be used for covering and for providing a presentation of some artwork. Several control
functions can be implemented in one control system unit.
A product can, alone or together with others, be located at one or more locations, for example a
measuring system with location of measuring unit and displaying unit or a duct system extended to
several different locations.
With regard to the structuring and assessment of objects in planning and implementation as preparation
of the operation phase, the product-oriented aspect is important, for example for assembling and
maintenance.
The product reference designation (-) can be shown in any kind of document, but is typically applied in
scaled documents and descriptions, for example product description, construction drawing assembly
drawing, explosion drawing, network part drawing and maintenance instruction.
In the building industry a further distinction is made between construction products (e.g. ceilings,
walls or columns) and products of the building services (e.g. filters, pumps, chillers or boilers).
4.4 Location-oriented structure
The location-oriented structure is based on the topographical structure of a system and/or the
environment where the system is located. The structure shows the partitioning of a system with
regard to the location aspect. An object in a location-oriented structure can incorporate any number of
products and functions.
An object represented in the location-oriented structure can be, for example, a site, a construction
complex, a construction entity (a building), a part of a building, a storey or a room as well as an outside
areas such as a green area, a park area, a parking area, a street or a sidewalk. For a product composed
of a row of cabinets, a cabinet or a row inside a cabinet, each of these may be considered as a location.
The location-oriented structure will be used in planning, erecting and managing of buildings, rooms or
areas as well as for locating objects to be assembled or maintained.
The location reference designation (+) can be shown in any kind of document, but is typically applied
in scaled documents and descriptions, for example a site plan, floor plan, sectional drawing, elevation
drawing, ground plan, arrangement drawing or installation drawing.
4.5 Type-oriented structure
The type aspect enables creation of user-specific types of objects, classified according to IEC 81346-2
or ISO 81346-12.
The type designation designates a group of objects and not a specific single occurrence. However, a
group of type objects is also considered to be an occurrence in accordance with IEC 81346-1, and can be
designated by the type aspect.
The type aspect is used to designate a collection of objects within a specific class which have specific
properties in common. The common properties are selected by the user, and may be one, two or multiple
properties. Table 6 and Annex B show examples of designations made with the type aspect.
The specific meaning of any type designation shall be explained within the supporting documents of a
project.
The type-oriented reference designation (%) can be shown in any kind of document, but is typically
applied in object libraries and bill of quantities.
5 Reference designation
5.1 General
System models are often partitioned according to part-of relations in a tree-like structure. To address
any sub-system within such a model, a reference designation in accordance with IEC 81346-1 shall be
provided.
A single-level reference designation shall consist of a prefix followed by either:
— a letter code followed by a number;
— a letter code; or
— a number.
The letter code shall represent the class of the object designated. The number shall distinguish between
occurrences of the same class.
For designation of objects within a type-, function- or product-oriented structure, the single level
reference designation shall consist of a prefix followed by a letter code followed by a number.
6 © ISO 2018 – All rights reserved
By means of classifying, objects are assigned to a class of objects, but no properties are described or a
detailed typecast carried out. Letter codes for object classes are given in Tables A.1 to A.2 in Annex A
and in IEC 81346-2.
If the number of characters in a reference designation needs to be limited due to project or IT-system-
related circumstances, such limitations shall not impair the possibility for design of systems-of-systems.
For the presentation of reference designations, the requirement in IEC 81346-1:2009, 9.1 shall be
followed.
For presentation techniques within documents, including simplification methods, the requirements in
ISO 15519-1 and IEC 61082-1 apply. For labelling, the requirements in IEC 81346-1:2009, Clause 10 apply.
If other presentation methods are needed, the method applied shall be described in the supporting
documentation.
5.2 Systems
The concept of system shall not be linked to any specific domain, but is to be used in a broad sense. In
the context of this document, all objects are seen as systems.
The system approach allows a designer to handle wholes (as distinct from parts). By identifying related
systems, the relationships among these can be determined and monitored, for example to ensure that
all systems operate correctly.
A system-of-systems brings together a set of systems for a task that none of the systems can accomplish
on its own. This is reflected in a multi-level reference designation.
NOTE Further information on systems can be found in ISO 12006-2 and ISO/IEC/IEEE 15288.
5.3 Identification of top nodes
In the context of this document, each domain within construction works shall be considered as an
independent system.
If there is a need to recognize the different domains with respect to reference designations, the concept
of the top node identifier as specified in IEC 81346-1:2009, 9.3 shall be applied.
For the identification of the different domains within construction works, the letter codes provided in
Table 1 shall be applied.
Table 1 — Letter codes for domains to be applied as top node identifiers
Letter code Domain
(abbreviation)
A Activity space
B Built space
C Construction complex
D Construction aid
E Construction entity
G Construction agent
L Construction element
P Construction product
R Construction process
S Storey
Z Zone
NOTE The terms for the domains are taken from ISO 12006-2:2015.
If a top node identifier is to be presented together with a reference designation, it shall be presented
within “< . >” (angle-brackets), preceding the reference designations within the system the top node
represents. See Figure 1.
Figure 1 — Appliance of top node identifier
Examples of application of top node identifiers are illustrated in Table 2.
Table 2 — Examples of application of top node identifiers
Object Reference designation including top node
Construction element: [L] −QQC5
a
Door no. 5: QQC5
Built space: [B] −DBA03
b
Control equipment space no. 3: DBA03
Activity space: [A] −BAA12
b
Office no. 12: BAA12
a
Class code according to IEC 81346-2:2009, Table 3.
b
Class code according to IEC 81346-2:2009, Table 4.
5.4 Designation of objects
With the reference designation, the designation of the object-of-interest is given within an aspect of the
system-of-interest.
In the context of this document, the following apply.
— For the designation of objects recognized as functional systems, letter codes in accordance with
Annex A, Table A.1, shall be applied.
— For the designation of objects recognized as technical systems, letter codes in accordance with
Annex A, Table A.2, shall be applied.
— For all other objects the letter codes provided in IEC 81346-2:2009, Table 3 shall be applied.
Figure 2 illustrates the reference designation layout.
8 © ISO 2018 – All rights reserved
Figure 2 — Reference designation layout
When using numbers, appliance of preceding zeros (e.g. “01” or “001”) shall have no specific meaning if
applied.
Letter codes shall be one, two or three letters, representing a class of a functional system (one letter),
a class of a technical system (two letters) or a construction element (three letters), depending on the
object designated. The designation of any system and its constituents depends on the complexity of the
system, which is reflected within the reference designation. If the design is simple (e.g. just a collection
of doors), a designation for the component shall be sufficient to designate the object unambiguously
(single-level reference designation). If the complexity increases (e.g. systems containing subsystems),
the system and its constituents is designated (multi-level reference designation). See examples in
Table 3.
Table 3 — Examples of objects/object systems
Object (system) Reference designation
Stairway construction no. 1 −AF1
Door no. 5 −QQC5
Wall construction no. 1 −B1.AD1
Part of wall system no. 1 or −B1−AD1
or −B1AD1
Door no. 2 −B1.AD3.QQC2
Part of wall construction no. 3 or −B1−AD3−QQC2
Part of wall system no. 1 or −B1AD3QQC2
Ventilation plant no. 4 =J1.HF4
Part of ventilation system no. 1 or =J1=HF4
or =J1HF4
Table 3 (continued)
Object (system) Reference designation
Pressure switch no. 21 =J2.HF3.KC1.BPD21
Part of filter system no. 1 or =J2=HF3=KC1=BPD21
Part of ventilation plant no. 3 or =J2HF3KC1BPD21
Part of ventilation system no. 2
Switch no. 6 =K2.HG1.HH2.SJA6
Part of lighting system no. 2 or =K2=HG1=HH2=SJA6
Part of power supply system no. 1 or =K2HG1HH2SJA6
Part of electrical system no. 2
Card reader no. 3 =KL4.BYA3
Access control system no. 4 or =KL4=BYA3
or =KL4BYA3
Annex B gives application examples of reference designations in systems of construction works and
building services.
5.5 Designation of locations
5.5.1 General
In the location-oriented designation two aspects are distinguished by different prefixes:
— The aspect represented by single prefix “+” shall represent the point of installation in a system.
Examples in the area of construction works are beams, mounting rails anchorages, sanitary objects
and floor boxes. Examples in the area of services are pipes, cabinets, mounting racks, operating
panels or operator stations.
— The aspect represented by double prefix “++” shall represent the site of installation within spaces.
Examples are site, property, building, storey and room.
5.5.2 Point of installation
It is sometimes useful to use one system to host parts of other systems. Examples of such scenarios are
when an electrical switch is installed in a wall, or a temperature sensor from one system is installed in
another system.
In such cases, the system which hosts the installed objects shall also be designated by using the point of
installation designation represented by the prefix “+” (plus).
Table 4 shows different examples of location designations based on the structuring and designation
rules of IEC 81346-1.
10 © ISO 2018 – All rights reserved
Table 4 — Examples of point of installation designations
Object Reference designation
= (function aspect)
Switch no. 6
Part of lighting system no. 2
Part of power supply system no. 1
=K2.HG1.HH2.SJA6 / +B1.AD1
Part of electrical system no. 2
or
=K2=HG1=HH2=SJA6 / +B1+AD1
/
or
The object is installed in: =K2HG1HH2SJA6 / +B1AD1
+ (point of location aspect)
Wall construction no. 1
Part of wall system no. 1
= (function aspect)
Temperature transmitter no. 02
Part of BMS system no. 2
Part of automation system no. 1 =L1.LC2.BTB02 / +J1.JJ12.WPB25
or
/
=L1=LC2=BTB02 / +J1+JJ12+WPB25
or
The object is installed in:
=L1LC2BTB02 / +J1JJ12WPB25
+ (point of location aspect)
Duct 25
Part of air distribution system 12
Part of ventilation system 1
5.5.3 Site of installation
The designation of construction complex, construction entity, storeys, zones, built spaces and activity
spaces shall be done by using the site of installation designation represented by the prefix “++” (plus-plus).
Table 5 shows different possibilities of location designations based on the structuring and designation
rules of IEC 81346-1.
Numbering of built spaces and activity spaces shall follow the requirements in ISO 4157-2:1998, 4.4.
Letter codes indicating the class of space objects may be chosen from the classification scheme given in
IEC 81346-2:2009
Table 5 — Examples of site of installation designations
Object Reference designation
Area 1 ++121.7.10.BAA231.1
Part of office no. 231
Part of floor no. 10
Part of building 7
Part of site 121
Shaft 123 ++23.01.EBB123
Part of floor no. 11
Part of building no. 23
Room 201 ++15.2.10.AAA201
Part of floor 10
Part of section 2
Part of building 15
Area 01 ++25.7.DBA03.01
Part of control equipment space no. 03
Part of building no. 7
Part of site no. 25
6 Specific designations
6.1 Designation of signals
Designation of signals shall be in accordance with IEC 61175-1. See also explanations given in Annex C.
6.2 Designation of terminals
Designation of terminals shall be in accordance with IEC 61666. See also explanations given in Annex C.
6.3 Designation of documents
Designation of documents shall be in accordance with IEC 61355-1. See also explanations given in
Annex C.
7 Designation of types
For the purpose of identification of a group of generic or project-specific objects within the same class,
a type designation is applied. The type aspect uses prefix percent “%” in front of the classification letter
code applied for the object. See Figure 3.
Figure 3 — Designation of types
12 © ISO 2018 – All rights reserved
The applied type designation shall identify a set of objects with identical values for a selected set of
properties. The specific meaning of the type designation shall be explained within the supporting
documents. See examples in Table 6 and Annex B.
NOTE Common properties are considered to be a set of properties with identical values.
Table 6 — Examples of type designations
Object (project-specific object type) Name of type Reference designation
Wall system type no. 1 Façade wall %B1
Wall system type no. 2 Inner walls %B2
Heating supply system type no. 1 Heat exchanger system %HD1
Heating supply system type no. 2 District heating system %HD2
Window type no. 1 Left-hinged window %QQA1
Window type no. 2 Top-hinged window %QQA2
Power socket type no. 1 3-pin with earth plug %XDB1
Power socket type no. 2 5-pin with earth plug %XDB2
NOTE Examples of types are currently under development and are expected to be published, possibly as an informative
document, as soon as the necessary basis has been included in IEC 81346-1 and IEC 81346-2.
8 Designations and properties of objects
If a property belonging to an object needs to be presented, the property shall be presented in
parenthesis preceded by the object designation. It is recognized that national classification systems
exist. Properties can thus be based on national classification tables or relevant international de-facto
property data sets. See Figure 4 and Table 7 for examples.
Figure 4 — Reference designation with object property information
Table 7 — Examples of adding properties
Object Property Property data and Reference designation with
reference property information
Roof structure no. 5 Type Timber structure −BE5 (timber structure)
Beam no. 32 Material Wood −ULE32 (wood)
Door no. 2 Work result classification Plastic-laminated- −QQC02 (22−08 14 23 16)
code faced wood doors
a
OmniClass 22−08 14
23 16
Wall construction no. 2 Systems classification code Concrete form mason- −AD2 (Ss_25_11_15)
ry unit wall system
b
Uniclass 2015
Ss_25_11_15
LED lamp type 3 Trade item GU 10, 2700 K, 350 lm %EAC03 (08718696483848)
c
GTIN
3 3
Pump no. 2 Capacity (pressure, volume 0,5 bar, 20 m /h =GPA02 (0,5 bar, 20 m /h)
flow)
a
US classification system.
b
UK classification system.
c
Global Trade Item Number (GTIN-13 number).
14 © ISO 2018 – All rights reserved
Annex A
(normative)
Classification letter codes
A.1 Classes of functional systems
NOTE The classification tables for building systems (Tables A.1 and A.2) are developed in accordance with
the rules and guidelines given in ISO 704 and ISO 22274.
Table A.1 — Classes of functional systems based on inherent functions
Class Preferred term Definition Examples of terms
Space systems Functional systems creating space —
A Ground system Space system which terminates a Ground, courtyard,
construction entity downwards lawn, road
embankment
B Wall system Space system which forms and separates Wall, facade, facade
space vertically system
C Slab system Space system which forms and separates Floor, ground floor
space horizontally roofing
D Roof system Space system which terminates a Roof, roofing
construction entity upwards
Installation systems Functional systems providing services —
E Gas and air system Installation system which supplies Equipment for gas and
technical gases or technical air air, gas, air
F Water and fluid system Installation system which supplies Water, liquid
domestic water, technical water or
other liquid
G Drainage and waste Installation system which discharges Drainage, waste
system liquid or disposes of waste
H Cooling and/or heating Installation system which supplies Heating, chilling
system cooling and/or heating
I Not to be applied
J Ventilation system Installation system which supplies Ventilation
air exchange
K Electrical system Installation system which supplies Electricity production
electrical energy plant, power supply
system, electrical
system, routing
system
L Automation system Installation system which controls, Control system,
adjusts and monitors technical monitoring system,
systems in a context alarm system, BMS
system, texting
system, traffic
control system
Table A.1 (continued)
Class Preferred term Definition Examples of terms
M Information and com- Installation system which provides Communication
munication system communications between persons or equipment, IT
technical systems systems, IT
equipment, ICT
system
N Transportation system Installation system which transports Transport system,
goods or persons transport, lift, goods
lift, escalator, elevator
O Not to be applied
P Security and safety Installation system which protects any Sprinkler, fire fighting,
system object from danger and damage intrusion control,
emergency lighting,
fire ventilation,
perimeter security
Q Lighting system Installation system for light management Electrical lighting,
daylight system,
sunblind, blackout
R Railroad system Installation system guiding and directing Railroad
track-bound vehicles
Fit-out systems Functional systems —
fitting out spaces
S Arrangement system Fit-out system which equips a Fitting out rooms,
construction entity and its spaces furnishing solutions
with fittings and equipment
T,…,Z Reserved
A.2 Classes of technical systems
Table A.2 — Classes of technical systems based on inherent functions
Class Sub Preferred term Definition Examples of terms
class
A_ Assembly system Technical system which constitutes a
layered construction
AA Pavement construction Assembly system forming areas for Surface, pavement
transport
AB Foundation construction Assembly system forming separation Foundation
towards underground
AC Slab construction Assembly system forming horizontal Slab
separation
AD Wall construction Assembly system forming vertical Wall, window slot,
separation door slot
AE Roof construction Assembly system terminating a Roof
construction entity upwards
AF Stairway construction Assembly system establishing a step- Staircase, stair
wise link between two or more levels
AG Ramp construction Assembly system establishing a step- Ramp
free link between two or more levels
AH Balcony Assembly system that creates an Exterior corridor
adjoining outer user space built into
wall system or roof system
AI Not to be used
16 © ISO 2018 – All rights reserved
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