SIST EN 131-4:2007
(Main)Ladders - Part 4: Single or multiple hinge-joint ladders
Ladders - Part 4: Single or multiple hinge-joint ladders
This European Standard specifies the requirements, tests and marking of hinged combination ladders with one or several hinge joints.
This European Standard is not applicable to hinge-joints of combination and standing ladders as defined by EN 131 1.
This part of the standard is intended to be used in conjunction with EN 131 1 and EN 131 2.
Leitern - Teil 4: Ein- oder Mehrgelenkleitern
Diese Europäische Norm legt die Anforderungen, Prüfungen und die Kennzeichnung von Vielzweckleitern mit Gelenken nach der Definition in Abschnitt 3 fest. Die sichere Nutzlast beträgt 150 kg. Vielzweckleitern mit Gelenken sind nur von einer Person zu benutzen.
Diese Europäische Norm gilt nicht für Gelenkverbindungen von Mehrzweck- und Stehleitern nach EN 131-1.
Diese Norm gilt in Zusammenhang mit EN 131-1 und EN 131-2.
Echelles - Partie 4: Echelles articulées a articulations simple et multiple
La présente Norme européenne spécifie les exigences, les essais et le marquage des échelles articulées disposant d’une ou plusieurs articulations.
La présente Norme européenne ne s’applique pas aux articulations d’échelles transformables et doubles telles que définies dans l’EN 131 1.
La présente Norme européenne s’applique en liaison avec l’EN 131 1 et l’EN 131 2.
Lestve - 4. del: Lestve z enim ali več pregibi
General Information
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Standards Content (Sample)
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Ladders - Part 4: Single or multiple hinge-joint laddersEchelles - Partie 4: Echelles articulées a articulations simple et multipleLeitern - Teil 4: Ein- oder MehrgelenkleiternTa slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 131-4:2007SIST EN 131-4:2007en;de97.145LestveLaddersICS:SLOVENSKI
STANDARDSIST EN 131-4:200701-julij-2007
EUROPEAN STANDARDNORME EUROPÉENNEEUROPÄISCHE NORMEN 131-4May 2007ICS 97.145 English VersionLadders - Part 4: Single or multiple hinge-joint laddersEchelles - Partie 4: Echelles articulées à articulationssimple et multipleLeitern - Teil 4: Ein- oder MehrgelenkleiternThis European Standard was approved by CEN on 22 March 2007.CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this EuropeanStandard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such nationalstandards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member.This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translationunder the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as theofficial versions.CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland,France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATIONCOMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATIONEUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNGManagement Centre: rue de Stassart, 36
B-1050 Brussels© 2007 CENAll rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reservedworldwide for CEN national Members.Ref. No. EN 131-4:2007: E
EN 131-4:2007 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword.3 1 Scope.4 2 Normative references.4 3 Terms and definitions.4 4 Functional dimensions.6 4.1 Ladders in single, standing and transformable position.6 4.2 Ladders hinged in “leaning ladder or standing ladder” positions.6 4.3 Hinged ladders in “platform” position.7 4.4 Hinged ladders in “stand-off” position.7 5 Requirements.8 5.1 General.8 5.2 Decking component.8 5.3 Ladder hinged in the longitudinal direction.8 6 Test methods.8 6.1 General.8 6.2 Tests method for ladders hinged in the longitudinal direction.8 6.3 Test method for ladders hinged in the lateral direction.11 7 Marking.12 8 User instructions.12 Annex A (normative)
Test sequence.13 Annex B (informative)
A-deviations.15
EN 131-4:2007 (E)
3 Foreword This document (EN 131-4:2007) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 93 “Ladders”, the se-cretariat of which is held by DIN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by November 2007, and conflicting national standards shall be with-drawn at the latest by November 2007. This European Standard is one of a series about ladders. Other standards of this series are listed in Clause 2. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Re-public, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
EN 131-4:2007 (E) 4 1 Scope This European Standard specifies the requirements, tests and marking of hinged combination ladders with one or several hinge joints. This European Standard is not applicable to hinge-joints of combination and standing ladders as defined by EN 131-1. This part of the standard is intended to be used in conjunction with EN 131-1 and EN 131-2. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated refer-ences, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 131-1:2007, Ladders — Part 1: Terms, types, functional sizes EN 131-2, Ladders — Part 2: Requirements, testing, marking EN 131-3, Ladders — Part 3: User Instructions 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document the terms and definitions given in EN 131-1:2007 and the following apply. 3.1 ladder hinged in the longitudinal direction ladder with hinge-joints of which enable folding (manual or automatic) in the longitudinal direction NOTE Excluding ladders covered in EN 131-1. 3.1.1 ladder with one lockable hinge joint device ladder including a hinge-joint device with at least one predetermined lockable position NOTE See Figures 1 and 2.
Figure 1 — Position as leaning ladder Figure 2 — Position as standing ladder
EN 131-4:2007 (E)
5 3.1.2 ladder with several lockable hinge-joint devices ladder having several hinge-joint devices with at least one fixed position which can be locked by hinge-joint devices at predetermined angles NOTE See Figures 3 to 6.
Figure 3 — Position 1 “Single ladder” Figure 4 — Position 2 “Standing ladder”
Figure 5 — Position 3 “Stand – off” Figure 6 — Position 4 “Platform”
3.2 ladder hinged in the lateral direction ladder having several hinge-joints enabling it to be folded laterally NOTE 1 The hinge-joints can be located between the legs and the steps. The steps themselves can be equipped with hinge-joints. NOTE 2 See Figure 7.
Figure 7 — Ladder hinged in the lateral direction 3.3 decking component single or multiple element forming a standing surface enabling the use of a multiple hinge-joint ladder in the “platform” position
EN 131-4:2007 (E) 6 3.3.1 reference level upper surface of the decking component, including the anti-skid surface 3.3.2 decking component height h3 height above ground of the reference level
3.3.3 overhang l10 length of the decking component after the last support point 4 Functional dimensions 4.1 Ladders in single, standing and transformable position Dimensions are given in EN 131-1. 4.2 Ladders hinged in “leaning ladder or standing ladder” positions If these ladders can be used as leaning ladders then functional dimensions for leaning ladders will apply. If these ladders can be used as standing ladders then the functional dimensions for standing ladders will apply.
Refer to subclauses of EN 131-1 dealing with the type of position. The inner width b1 shall be measured as shown in Figure 8.
Figure 8 — Dimension b1
EN 131-4:2007 (E)
7 4.3 Hinged ladders in “platform” position Table 1 — Functional dimensions Dimensions in millimetres
h3 l10 α a
α b min. — — 65° 65° max. 1 000 50 75° 70° a for rung ladders. b for step ladders.
If the decking component fits within the stiles the gap shall be no more than 5 mm. If the decking component fits across the stiles, the overhang shall be no more than 25 mm on each side. The platform shall be centred at ± 10 mm in relation to the longitudinal axis of the ladder. Where decking components consist of multiple elements they shall be assembled such that a person cannot fall through them.
NOTE b1 and b2 see EN 131-1 for the relevant ladder types.
Figure 9 — Hinge-joint ladder in "Platform" position 4.4 Hinged ladders in “stand-off” position Table 2 — Functional dimensions
l2 α min. — 65° max. 1 200 mm 75°
Figure 10 — Hinged ladder in “stand-off” position
EN 131-4:2007 (E) 8 5 Requirements 5.1 General The requirements are based upon a maximum total load of 150 kg. Hinge-joint ladders are determined to be used by one person at a time. 5.2 Decking component If supplied, the decking component shall be secured against unintentional movement and shall have an anti-skid working surface. It shall be designed so as to be unable to slip and tilt on the ladder. 5.3 Ladder hinged in the longitudinal direction The ladder shall have at least one fixed lockable position for utilisation. NOTE The storage position (folded) is not required to be lockable. 6 Test methods 6.1 General General provisions, see EN 131-2. 6.2 Tests method for ladders hinged in the longitudinal direction 6.2.1 Principle Ladders conforming to 3.1 shall comply with the testing requirements of EN 131-2. However the ladder strength test shall be modified in accordance with 6.2.2. A cyclic test of the hinge joints shall be conducted in accordance with 6.2.3. When the ladder is designed for use in the platform position, the tests indicated in 6.2.4 shall be conducted with the decking component in the platform position. 6.2.2 Ladder strength test The test shall be carried out on the fully extended ladder A pre-load of 500 N shall be applied for a duration of one minute. The position of the ladder after removal of the pre-load is the origin for measurement. A test load F of 1 100 N (see Figure 11) shall be applied for a duration of one minute. The measurement shall be conducted one minute after removal of the test load. The permanent deformation f of the ladder shall not exceed 0,2 % of the distance l between the supports. For standing ladders, the test load F shall be determined by the equation αcosN6002×=F where α = manufacturer’s designed angle of use (Permitted angle: min 60°, max. 70°).
EN 131-4:2007 (E)
9 Dimensions in millimetres
Figure 11 — Ladder strength test 6.2.3 Cyclic test of hinge joint These tests are conducted on hinge joints with an automatic locking device. To test their operation, hinge joints (lateral and longitudinal hinge joint ladders) shall withstand the cyclic tests. A pair of hinge joints comprising the maximum number of positions shall be subjected to a series of 4 000 cycles from the closed position to the fully open position. The hinge joint shall be locked and unlocked in each of its positions during the course of each cycle at the normal utilisation speed. No oil shall be added to the hinge joints during the tests. Requirement: Automatic locking function shall operate with no manual intervention for a duration of 4 000 cycles. 6.2.4 Test of the ladder in the platform position 6.2.4.1 General The tests shall be conducted on the complete assembly of deckin
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