SIST ISO 15769:2015
Hydrometry - Guidelines for the application of acoustic velocity meters using the Doppler and echo correlation methods
Hydrometry - Guidelines for the application of acoustic velocity meters using the Doppler and echo correlation methods
ISO 15769:2010 provides guidelines on the principles of operation and the selection and use of Doppler-based and echo correlation velocity meters for continuous-flow gauging.
ISO 15769:2010 is applicable to channel flow determination in open channels and partially filled pipes using one or more meters located at fixed points in the cross-section.
Hydrométrie - Lignes directrices pour l'application des compteurs de vitesse ultrasoniques fixes utilisant l'effet Doppler et la corrélation d'échos
Hidrometrija - Smernice za uporabo akustičnih merilnikov hitrosti s pomočjo Dopplerjeve in korelacijske metode z odmevom
Ta mednarodni standard navaja smernice glede načel delovanja ter izbire in uporabe merilnikov hitrosti s pomočjo Dopplerjeve in korelacijske metode z odmevom za merjenje neprekinjenega pretoka. Ta mednarodni standard se uporablja za ugotavljanje pretoka kanala v odprtih kanalih in delno napolnjenih ceveh z uporabo enega ali več merilnikov, ki so nameščeni na fiksnih točkah v prerezu.
General Information
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-februar-2015
+LGURPHWULMD6PHUQLFH]DXSRUDERDNXVWLþQLKPHULOQLNRYKLWURVWLVSRPRþMR
'RSSOHUMHYHLQNRUHODFLMVNHPHWRGH]RGPHYRP
Hydrometry - Guidelines for the application of acoustic velocity meters using the Doppler
and echo correlation methods
Hydrométrie - Lignes directrices pour l'application des compteurs de vitesse
ultrasoniques fixes utilisant l'effet Doppler et la corrélation d'échos
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: ISO 15769:2010
ICS:
17.120.20 Pretok v odprtih kanalih Flow in open channels
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 15769
First edition
2010-04-15
Hydrometry — Guidelines for the
application of acoustic velocity meters
using the Doppler and echo correlation
methods
Hydrométrie — Lignes directrices pour l'application des compteurs de
vitesse ultrasoniques fixes utilisant l'effet Doppler et la corrélation
d'échos
Reference number
©
ISO 2010
PDF disclaimer
This PDF file may contain embedded typefaces. In accordance with Adobe's licensing policy, this file may be printed or viewed but
shall not be edited unless the typefaces which are embedded are licensed to and installed on the computer performing the editing. In
downloading this file, parties accept therein the responsibility of not infringing Adobe's licensing policy. The ISO Central Secretariat
accepts no liability in this area.
Adobe is a trademark of Adobe Systems Incorporated.
Details of the software products used to create this PDF file can be found in the General Info relative to the file; the PDF-creation
parameters were optimized for printing. Every care has been taken to ensure that the file is suitable for use by ISO member bodies. In
the unlikely event that a problem relating to it is found, please inform the Central Secretariat at the address given below.
© ISO 2010
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means,
electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or
ISO's member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
Case postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20
Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11
Fax + 41 22 749 09 47
E-mail copyright@iso.org
Web www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2010 – All rights reserved
Contents Page
Foreword .v
1 Scope.1
2 Normative references.1
3 Terms, definitions and abbreviated terms.1
3.1 Terms and definitions .1
3.2 Abbreviated terms .3
4 Principles of operation of the techniques.3
4.1 Ultrasonic Doppler .3
4.2 Operating techniques.5
4.3 Bed-mounted Doppler systems .6
4.4 Side-looking/horizontal ADCPs .6
4.5 Acoustic (echo) correlation method.8
4.6 Velocity-index ratings .11
5 Factors affecting operation and accuracy.11
5.1 General .11
5.2 Characteristics of the instrument .11
5.3 Channel and water characteristics .16
5.4 Effect of weed .20
6 Site selection .20
6.1 General .20
6.2 General site requirements for Dopplers and echo correlation devices.20
6.3 Bed-mounted ultrasonic Doppler and echo correlation devices .21
6.4 Side-lookers .22
7 Measurements .22
7.1 Velocity.22
7.2 Water level.23
7.3 Determination of cross-sectional area.23
8 Installation, operation and maintenance.23
8.1 Installation considerations.23
8.2 General maintenance considerations .25
9 Calibration, evaluation and verification .26
9.1 General .26
9.2 Calibration and performance checking.26
10 Determination of discharge.27
10.1 General .27
10.2 Velocity-index ratings .28
11 Uncertainties in discharge determinations.32
11.1 General .32
11.2 Definition of uncertainty .32
11.3 General expectations of performance.33
11.4 Methodology of estimating the uncertainty in discharge determination .33
12 Points to consider when selecting equipment.38
Annex A (informative) Selection considerations for ultrasonic Doppler and echo correlation
devices.39
Annex B (informative) Practical considerations .41
Annex C (informative) Introduction to measurement uncertainty.45
Annex D (informative) Performance guide for hydrometric equipment for use in technical
standards.53
Annex E (informative) Sample questionnaire — Doppler- and echo-correlation-based flowmeters.56
Bibliography .61
iv © ISO 2010 – All rights reserved
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies
(ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO
technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been
established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and
non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the
International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards
adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an
International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
ISO 15769 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 113, Hydrometry, Subcommittee SC 1, Velocity
area methods.
This first edition of ISO 15769 cancels and replaces ISO/TS 15769:2000, which has been technically revised.
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 15769:2010(E)
Hydrometry — Guidelines for the application of acoustic
velocity meters using the Doppler and echo correlation
methods
1 Scope
This International Standard provides guidelines on the principles of operation and the selection and use of
Doppler-based and echo correlation velocity meters for continuous-flow gauging.
This International Standard is applicable to channel flow determination in open channels and partially filled
pipes using one or more meters located at fixed points in the cross-section.
NOTE A limitation of the techniques is that measurement is made of the velocity of particles, other reflectors or
disturbances.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document applies.
ISO/TS 25377:2007, Hydrometric uncertainty guidance (HUG)
ISO 772, Hydrometry — Vocabulary and symbols
3 Terms, definitions and abbreviated terms
3.1 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 772 and the following apply.
3.1.1
beam angle
mounting angle of the acoustic transducer relative to the normalized profiling direction
NOTE Different beam angles will be suitable for different applications.
3.1.2
beam width
width of the acoustic signal transmitted, in degrees (°), from the centre of the transducer
NOTE This, coupled with the side lobe of the acoustic signal, will affect the suitability of a particular instrument for its
application, based on the mounting location and the distance of the water volume measured from the sensor.
3.1.3
bed-mounted device
upward-looking Doppler or echo correlation device that measures velocities within a beam looking upwards at
an angle through the water column
3.1.4
bin
depth cell
portion of the water sampled by the instrument at a known distance and orientation from the transducers
NOTE The instrument determines the velocity in each cell.
3.1.5
blanking distance
portion of water close to the instrument that is not sampled by Doppler technology
NOTE 1 This is left blank to allow the transducer to stop “ringing” before it receives reflected signals.
NOTE 2 It is also used to avoid the instrument sampling velocity in the zone of flow interference created close to, and
by, the instrument.
3.1.6
broad-band Doppler
instrument that records velocity at set distances from the sensor (see range-gated Doppler, 3.1.11) using
coded acoustic pulses to make multiple velocity measurements from a single pulse pair (ping)
3.1.7
continuous Doppler
simple type of Doppler instrument that measures th
...
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 15769
First edition
2010-04-15
Hydrometry — Guidelines for the
application of acoustic velocity meters
using the Doppler and echo correlation
methods
Hydrométrie — Lignes directrices pour l'application des compteurs de
vitesse ultrasoniques fixes utilisant l'effet Doppler et la corrélation
d'échos
Reference number
©
ISO 2010
PDF disclaimer
This PDF file may contain embedded typefaces. In accordance with Adobe's licensing policy, this file may be printed or viewed but
shall not be edited unless the typefaces which are embedded are licensed to and installed on the computer performing the editing. In
downloading this file, parties accept therein the responsibility of not infringing Adobe's licensing policy. The ISO Central Secretariat
accepts no liability in this area.
Adobe is a trademark of Adobe Systems Incorporated.
Details of the software products used to create this PDF file can be found in the General Info relative to the file; the PDF-creation
parameters were optimized for printing. Every care has been taken to ensure that the file is suitable for use by ISO member bodies. In
the unlikely event that a problem relating to it is found, please inform the Central Secretariat at the address given below.
© ISO 2010
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means,
electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or
ISO's member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
Case postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20
Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11
Fax + 41 22 749 09 47
E-mail copyright@iso.org
Web www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2010 – All rights reserved
Contents Page
Foreword .v
1 Scope.1
2 Normative references.1
3 Terms, definitions and abbreviated terms.1
3.1 Terms and definitions .1
3.2 Abbreviated terms .3
4 Principles of operation of the techniques.3
4.1 Ultrasonic Doppler .3
4.2 Operating techniques.5
4.3 Bed-mounted Doppler systems .6
4.4 Side-looking/horizontal ADCPs .6
4.5 Acoustic (echo) correlation method.8
4.6 Velocity-index ratings .11
5 Factors affecting operation and accuracy.11
5.1 General .11
5.2 Characteristics of the instrument .11
5.3 Channel and water characteristics .16
5.4 Effect of weed .20
6 Site selection .20
6.1 General .20
6.2 General site requirements for Dopplers and echo correlation devices.20
6.3 Bed-mounted ultrasonic Doppler and echo correlation devices .21
6.4 Side-lookers .22
7 Measurements .22
7.1 Velocity.22
7.2 Water level.23
7.3 Determination of cross-sectional area.23
8 Installation, operation and maintenance.23
8.1 Installation considerations.23
8.2 General maintenance considerations .25
9 Calibration, evaluation and verification .26
9.1 General .26
9.2 Calibration and performance checking.26
10 Determination of discharge.27
10.1 General .27
10.2 Velocity-index ratings .28
11 Uncertainties in discharge determinations.32
11.1 General .32
11.2 Definition of uncertainty .32
11.3 General expectations of performance.33
11.4 Methodology of estimating the uncertainty in discharge determination .33
12 Points to consider when selecting equipment.38
Annex A (informative) Selection considerations for ultrasonic Doppler and echo correlation
devices.39
Annex B (informative) Practical considerations .41
Annex C (informative) Introduction to measurement uncertainty.45
Annex D (informative) Performance guide for hydrometric equipment for use in technical
standards.53
Annex E (informative) Sample questionnaire — Doppler- and echo-correlation-based flowmeters.56
Bibliography .61
iv © ISO 2010 – All rights reserved
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies
(ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO
technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been
established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and
non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the
International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards
adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an
International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
ISO 15769 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 113, Hydrometry, Subcommittee SC 1, Velocity
area methods.
This first edition of ISO 15769 cancels and replaces ISO/TS 15769:2000, which has been technically revised.
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 15769:2010(E)
Hydrometry — Guidelines for the application of acoustic
velocity meters using the Doppler and echo correlation
methods
1 Scope
This International Standard provides guidelines on the principles of operation and the selection and use of
Doppler-based and echo correlation velocity meters for continuous-flow gauging.
This International Standard is applicable to channel flow determination in open channels and partially filled
pipes using one or more meters located at fixed points in the cross-section.
NOTE A limitation of the techniques is that measurement is made of the velocity of particles, other reflectors or
disturbances.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document applies.
ISO/TS 25377:2007, Hydrometric uncertainty guidance (HUG)
ISO 772, Hydrometry — Vocabulary and symbols
3 Terms, definitions and abbreviated terms
3.1 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 772 and the following apply.
3.1.1
beam angle
mounting angle of the acoustic transducer relative to the normalized profiling direction
NOTE Different beam angles will be suitable for different applications.
3.1.2
beam width
width of the acoustic signal transmitted, in degrees (°), from the centre of the transducer
NOTE This, coupled with the side lobe of the acoustic signal, will affect the suitability of a particular instrument for its
application, based on the mounting location and the distance of the water volume measured from the sensor.
3.1.3
bed-mounted device
upward-looking Doppler or echo correlation device that measures velocities within a beam looking upwards at
an angle through the water column
3.1.4
bin
depth cell
portion of the water sampled by the instrument at a known distance and orientation from the transducers
NOTE The instrument determines the velocity in each cell.
3.1.5
blanking distance
portion of water close to the instrument that is not sampled by Doppler technology
NOTE 1 This is left blank to allow the transducer to stop “ringing” before it receives reflected signals.
NOTE 2 It is also used to avoid the instrument sampling velocity in the zone of flow interference created close to, and
by, the instrument.
3.1.6
broad-band Doppler
instrument that records velocity at set distances from the sensor (see range-gated Doppler, 3.1.11) using
coded acoustic pulses to make multiple velocity measurements from a single pulse pair (ping)
3.1.7
continuous Doppler
simple type of Doppler instrument that measures the Doppler shift of all the particles within the range of the
beam, taking the frequency with the largest peak as the average
3.1.8
downward-looking device
instrument that can be deployed floating on the water surface looking down into the water column
3.1.9
echo (cross) correlation
acoustic technique for recognizing echo images that can be used to determine the velocity of particles moving
in the flowing water
3.1.10
profiling Doppler
Doppler instrument that discriminates between signals from reflectors at different distances from the sensor
and uses this information to moderate the estimate of average velocity
3.1.11
range-gated Doppler
sophisticated Doppler instrument that records particle velocities at pre-set distances from the sensor
NOTE Some instruments can produce velocity profiles along the length of the beam, while others just log
measurements from one or more pre-defined cells.
3.1.12
side lobe
most transducers that are developed using current technology have parasitic side lobes that are emitted off
the main acoustic
...
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