SIST EN 13823:2011
(Main)Reaction to fire tests for building products - Building products excluding floorings exposed to the thermal attack by a single burning item
Reaction to fire tests for building products - Building products excluding floorings exposed to the thermal attack by a single burning item
This European Standard specifies a method of test for determining the reaction to fire performance of construction products excluding floorings, and excluding products which are indicated in Table 1 of EC Decision 2000/147/EC, when exposed to thermal attack by a single burning item (SBI). The calculation procedures are given in Annex A. Information on the precision of the test method is given in Annex B. The calibration procedures are given in Annexes C and D, of which C is a normative annex.
Prüfungen zum Brandverhalten von Bauprodukten - Thermische Beanspruchung durch einen einzelnen brennenden Gegenstand für Bauprodukte mit Ausnahme von Bodenbelägen
Diese Europäische Norm legt ein Prüfverfahren zur Bestimmung des Brandverhaltens von Bauprodukten bei
thermischer Beanspruchung durch einen einzelnen brennenden Gegenstand (SBI: „Single Burning Item“),
ausgenommen Bodenbeläge sowie Bauprodukte, die in Tabelle 1 der Entscheidung der Europäischen
Kommission 2000/147/EG aufgeführt sind, fest. Die Berechnungsverfahren sind in Anhang A angegeben.
Informationen zur Genauigkeit des Prüfverfahrens sind in Anhang B angegeben. Die Kalibrierverfahren sind in
Anhang C und Anhang D angegeben, wobei Anhang C normativ ist.
ANMERKUNG Diese Europäische Norm wurde erstellt, um das Brandverhalten von im Wesentlichen ebenen
Bauprodukten zu bestimmen. Die Behandlung von einigen Produktfamilien, wie Rohre, Lüftungsleitungen, Kabel usw.
kann besondere Regeln erfordern.
Essais de réaction au feu des produits de construction - Produits de construction à l'exclusion des revêtements de sol exposés à une sollicitation thermique provoquée par un objet isolé en feu
La présente Norme européenne définit une méthode d’essai de détermination de la performance de réaction au feu des produits de construction, à l’exception des revêtements de sol et des produits figurant dans le Tableau 1 de la Décision CE 2000/147/CE, exposés à la sollicitation thermique provoquée par un « Single Burning Item » (SBI) (Objet Isolé en Feu) (OIF). Les méthodes de calcul sont fournies dans l’Annexe A. Des informations relatives à la précision de la méthode d’essai sont données dans l’Annexe B. Les méthodes d’étalonnage figurent dans les Annexes C et D, C étant une annexe normative.
NOTE La présente Norme européenne a été élaborée pour déterminer la performance de réaction au feu de produits essentiellement plats. Le traitement de quelques familles de produits linéaires (tubes, conduits, câbles, etc.) peut nécessiter des règles particulières.
Preskusi odziva gradbenih proizvodov na ogenj - Gradbeni proizvodi razen talnih oblog, izpostavljeni toplotnemu delovanju enega samega gorečega predmeta
Ta evropski standard določa metodo preskušanja za ugotavljanje požarne odpornosti gradbenih proizvodov z izjemo talnih oblog in proizvodov, ki so navedeni v Preglednici 1 Odločbe Evropske komisije 2000/147/ES, kadar so izpostavljeni toplotnemu delovanju enega samega gorečega predmeta (SBI). Postopki za izračun so podani v Dodatku A. Informacije o natančnosti preskusne metode so podane v Dodatku B. Postopki kalibracije so podani v Dodatkih C in D, pri čemer je C normativni dodatek.
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.UHGPHWDPrüfungen zum Brandverhalten von Bauprodukten - Thermische Beanspruchung durch einen einzelnen brennenden Gegenstand für Bauprodukte mit Ausnahme von BodenbelägenEssais de réaction au feu des produits de construction - Produits de construction à l'exclusion des revêtements de sol exposés à une sollicitation thermique provoquée par un objet isolé en feuReaction to fire tests for building products - Building products excluding floorings exposed to the thermal attack by a single burning item13.220.50Požarna odpornost gradbenih materialov in elementovFire-resistance of building materials and elementsICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 13823:2010SIST EN 13823:2011en,fr,de01-januar-2011SIST EN 13823:2011SLOVENSKI
STANDARDSIST EN 13823:20021DGRPHãþD
SIST EN 13823:2011
EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPÉENNE EUROPÄISCHE NORM
EN 13823
July 2010 ICS 13.220.50; 91.060.01; 91.100.01 Supersedes EN 13823:2002English Version
Reaction to fire tests for building products - Building products excluding floorings exposed to the thermal attack by a single burning item
Essais de réaction au feu des produits de construction - Produits de construction à l'exclusion des revêtements de sol exposés à une sollicitation thermique provoquée par un objet isolé en feu
Prüfungen zum Brandverhalten von Bauprodukten - Thermische Beanspruchung durch einen einzelnen brennenden Gegenstand für Bauprodukte mit Ausnahme von Bodenbelägen This European Standard was approved by CEN on 25 June 2010.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre:
Avenue Marnix 17,
B-1000 Brussels © 2010 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 13823:2010: ESIST EN 13823:2011
EN 13823:2010 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword . 4 Introduction . 5 1 Scope. 6 2 Normative references . 6 3 Terms and definitions . 6 4 Test facility . 7 4.1 General . 7 4.2 Test room . 7 4.3 Materials . 10 4.4 Test apparatus . 10 4.5 Smoke exhaust system . 12 4.6 General measurement section equipment . 12 4.7 Other general equipment. 13 5 Test specimen . 14 5.1 Dimensions of specimen . 14 5.2 Mounting of specimen . 14 5.2.1 Mounting as in end use application . 14 5.2.2 Standard mounting . 14 5.3 Installation of the specimen wings in the trolley . 16 5.4 Number of specimens. 17 6 Conditioning . 17 7 Principle . 17 8 Test procedure . 18 8.1 General . 18 8.2 Testing operations . 18 8.3 Visual observation and manual recording of data . 19 8.3.1 General . 19 8.3.2 Pre-test conditions . 19 8.3.3 Lateral flame spread on the long wing . 19 8.3.4 Flaming particles or droplets . 19 8.3.5 End of test conditions . 21 8.3.6 Recorded events . 21 8.4 Automated recording of data . 21 8.5 Early termination of test . 22 9 Expression of results. 22 10 Test report . 22 Annex A (normative)
Calculation procedures . 24 A.1 General . 24 A.1.1 General remarks . 24 A.1.2 Calculations to be performed on the test data . 25 A.1.3 Calculations to be performed on calibration data . 25 A.1.4 Standard data set . 25 A.2 Synchronization of data . 25 A.3 Checking equipment response . 27 A.3.1 Temperature readings . 27 A.3.2 Drift in gas concentration measurement . 27 A.3.3 Drift in light attenuation measurement . 27 SIST EN 13823:2011
EN 13823:2010 (E) 3 A.4 Exposure period . 28 A.5 Heat output . 28 A.5.1 Calculation of heat release rate (HRR). 28 A.5.2 Calculation of THR(t) and THR600s . 31 A.5.3 Calculation of FIGRA0,2MJ and FIGRA0,4MJ (fire growth rate indices) . 32 A.6 Smoke production . 33 A.6.1 Calculation of smoke production rate (SPR) . 33 A.6.2 Calculation of TSP(t) and TSP600s . 36 A.6.3 Calculation of SMOGRA (smoke growth rate index) . 36 A.7 Calculations for calibrations ± Propane heat release . 37 Annex B (informative)
Precision of test method . 38 B.1 General remarks and results . 38 B.2 Calculation of test results . 39 B.3 Statistical analysis . 39 B.4 Statistical results . 39 Annex C (normative)
Calibration procedures . 43 C.1 Procedures for separate pieces of equipment . 43 C.1.1 General . 43 C.1.2 Oxygen analyser adjustment . 43 C.1.3 Oxygen analyser output noise and drift . 43 C.1.4 Carbon dioxide analyser adjustment . 44 C.1.5 Check of propane mass flow controller . 44 C.1.6 Light system calibration . 44 C.2 System response calibrations . 45 C.2.1 Burner switch response time . 45 C.2.2 Burner heat output step calibration . 47 C.2.3 Heptane calibration . 50 C.2.4 Velocity profile factor kt,v . 52 C.2.5 Flow factor kt . 54 Annex D (informative)
Calibration procedures . 55 D.1 Procedures for separate pieces of equipment . 55 D.1.1 General . 55 D.1.2 Oxygen analyser adjustment . 55 D.1.3 Carbon dioxide analyser adjustment . 55 D.1.4 Check of propane mass flow controller . 55 D.1.5 Optical filter check . 56 D.2 Check of the thermal attack on the specimens . 57 D.2.1 General . 57 D.2.2 Procedure . 57 Annex E (normative)
Design drawings . 58 Annex F (informative)
Data file format . 93 Annex G (informative)
Record sheet . 96 Bibliography . 97
SIST EN 13823:2011
EN 13823:2010 (E) 4 Foreword This document (EN 13823:2010) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 127 “Fire safety in buidlings”f the secretariat of which is held by BSI. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by January 2011, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by January 2011. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document supersedes EN 13823:2002. This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s). According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. SIST EN 13823:2011
EN 13823:2010 (E) 5 Introduction The classification of the reaction to fire performance of construction products established by EC Decision 2000/147/EC (OJEU L50 of 23.2.2000) defines in Table 1 the reaction to fire classes for building products excluding floorings. The relevant test methods for determining the reaction to fire are being prepared by CEN/TC 127. Safety warning The attention of all persons concerned with managing and carrying out the tests described in this standard is drawn to the fact that fire testing can be hazardous and that toxic and/or harmful smoke and gases can be produced during the test. An assessment of all potential hazards and risks to health should be made and safety precautions should be identified and provided. Smoke and gases should be removed from the workplace. Written safety instructions should be issued. Appropriate training should be given to relevant personnel. Laboratory personnel should ensure that they follow written safety instructions at all times. Special precautions are required for the propane gas supply system.
The equipment, for example tubes, couplings, flow meters, should be approved for propane.
The burner should be equipped with a remote-controlled ignition device, for example a pilot flame or a glow wire. There should be a warning system for leaking gas and a valve for immediate and automatic cut-off of the gas supply in case of extinction of the ignition flame. The pilot flames can be ignited directly by an operator in the test room, however, no one should be present in the test room during ignition of a burner.
It should be possible to operate the switch between auxiliary and main (primary) burner and the preceding main valve (to open or stop the propane supply) from outside the test room. Special precautions are required for the extinction of burning specimens. When the extinction is carried out because of intensive combustion of the specimens, it is recommended that a second operator is ready to intervene. Means for extinguishing should be available (e.g. since the heat output during intensive combustion can damage the apparatus). SIST EN 13823:2011
EN 13823:2010 (E) 6 1 Scope This European Standard specifies a method of test for determining the reaction to fire performance of construction products excluding floorings, and excluding products which are indicated in Table 1 of EC Decision 2000/147/EC, when exposed to thermal attack by a single burning item (SBI). The calculation procedures are given in Annex A. Information on the precision of the test method is given in Annex B. The calibration procedures are given in Annexes C and D, of which C is a normative annex. NOTE This European Standard has been developed to determine the reaction to fire performance of essentially flat products. The treatment of some families of products, e.g. linear products (pipes, ducts, cables etc.), can need special rules. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 13238, Reaction to fire tests for building products
Conditioning procedures and general rules for selection of substrates EN 13501-1:2007+A1:2009, Fire classification of construction products and building elements
Part 1: Classification using data from reaction to fire tests EN 60584-1:1995, Thermocouples
Part 1: Reference tables (IEC 60584-1:1995) EN ISO 13943:2000, Fire safety
Vocabulary (ISO 13943:2000) 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN ISO 13943:2000 and EN 13501-1:2007+A1:2009 and the following apply. 3.1 backing board calcium silicate panel used to back the specimen that can be placed directly against a free-standing test specimen or at a distance from it 3.2 specimen piece of a product, which is to be tested NOTE This can include the mounting technique used in its end-use application. This also can include an air gap and/or a substrate where appropriate. 3.3 substrate product which is used immediately beneath the product about which information is required 3.4 THR600s total heat release from the specimen in the first 600 s of exposure to the main (primary) burner flames SIST EN 13823:2011
EN 13823:2010 (E) 7 3.5 LFS lateral flame spread on the long specimen wing NOTE The LFS is defined in more detail in 8.3.3. 3.6 TSP600s total smoke production from the specimen in the first 600 s of exposure to the main (primary) burner flames 3.7 FIGRA0,2 MJ maximum of the quotient of heat release rate from the specimen and the time of its occurrence using a THR-threshold of 0,2 MJ NOTE The FIGRA0,2 MJ is described in more detail in A.5.3. 3.8 FIGRA0,4 MJ maximum of the quotient of heat release rate from the specimen and the time of its occurrence using a THR threshold of 0,4 MJ NOTE The FIGRA0,4 MJ is described in more detail in A.5.3. 3.9 SMOGRA smoke growth rate
maximum of the quotient of smoke production rate from the specimen and the time of its occurrence NOTE The SMOGRA is described in more detail in A.6.3. 3.10 sustained flaming persistence of flame on or over a surface for a minimum period of time [EN ISO 13943:2000] 4 Test facility 4.1 General The SBI test facility shall consist of a test room, the test apparatus (trolley, frame, burners, hood, collector and ducting), the smoke exhaust system and general measuring equipment. These components are specified in 4.2 to 4.7. Design drawings are given in Annex E. Dimensions given in the drawings are nominal unless tolerances are given in the text. NOTE The air supply to the test room entering below the trolley should be fresh, uncontaminated air. 4.2 Test room 4.2.1 The test room shall have an inner height of (2,4
0,05) m and an inner floor area of (3,0
0,05) m in both directions. The walls shall be made of stone type building blocks (e.g. cellular concrete), gypsum boards, calcium silicate boards or other boards classified as class A1 or A2. 4.2.2 One wall of the test room shall have an opening to insert the trolley from the surrounding laboratory into the test room. The opening shall be at least 1 470 mm wide and 2 450 mm high (dimensions of the frame). Windows shall be placed in the two walls facing the front side of the two SIST EN 13823:2011
EN 13823:2010 (E) 8 perpendicular specimen planes. To be able to handle the SBI apparatus and the specimen when the trolley is in place, an additional door is needed. 4.2.3 With the trolley in place in the test room, the distance between the long wing specimen surface touching the U-profile and the wall of the test room shall be (2,1
0,05) m. This distance shall be measured perpendicularly to the wall facing the long wing. The areas of the openings in the test room, excluding the air inlet at the bottom of the trolley and the smoke exhaust opening in the hood, shall not exceed a total of 0,05 m2. 4.2.4 Both left-orientated arrangements, as shown in Figure 1, and right-orientated arrangements (the trolley shown in Figure 1 mirrored around a vertical line) are allowed. NOTE 1 To be able to remove side plates of the hood without removing the collector, attention should be paid to the connection between the frame of the SBI apparatus and the ceiling of the room. It should be possible to move the side plate outwards at the bottom. NOTE 2 The relative position of the frame in the test room depends on the details of the connection between room and frame. SIST EN 13823:2011
EN 13823:2010 (E) 9 Dimensions in metres
Key
1 visual observation 2 fixed frame 3 visual observation (left orientated specimen) 4 trolley (with left orientated specimen)
NOTE Both left orientated and right oriented specimens are acceptable. For right orientated specimens the figure is mirrored around a vertical line. Figure 1 ² Top view of the SBI test room design (schematic drawing)SIST EN 13823:2011
EN 13823:2010 (E) 10
4.3 Materials 4.3.1 Commercial propane, of minimum purity 95 %. 4.4 Test apparatus NOTE See Figures E.1 to E.35. 4.4.1 Trolley, on which two perpendicular specimen parts are placed, with a sandbox burner at the bottom of the vertical corner.
The trolley is put in place with its back side closing the opening in the wall of the test room; the air inlet under the floor of the trolley is provided with perforated plates (open area to total area 40 % to 60 %; perforation diameter 8 mm to 12 mm) to produce an evenly distributed flow along the floor of the test room.
The base of the trolley shall be positioned horizontally, within ± 5 mm, during the test. This shall be measured directly behind the U-profile and in-between the C-shaped profiles, prior to a new test series or when a new trolley is used. If the base of the trolley is not horizontal the trolley shall be adjusted. 4.4.2 Fixed frame, in which the trolley is pushed and which supports the hood; a second burner is fixed to the frame. 4.4.3 Hood, on top of the frame, which collects the combustion gases. 4.4.4 Collector, on top of the hood with baffles and a horizontal outlet for the exhaust duct. 4.4.5 Exhaust duct (J-shaped), circular tube of inner diameter (315 ± 5) mm, and insulated with
50 mm high temperature resistant mineral wool, with the following parts (in flow direction):
connection to the collector;
ducting, of length 500 mm with four thermocouple mountings (for optional temperature measurements) at a distance of at least 400 mm from the collector;
ducting, of length 1 000 mm;
two 90° bends, (radius of curvature of axis 400 mm);
ducting, of length 1 625 mm with guide vanes and an orifice; guide vane length 630 mm starting 50 mm after the bends; directly behind the guide vanes a (2,0
0,5) mm thick circular orifice with inner opening diameter 265 mm and an outer diameter of 314 mm;
ducting, of length 2 155 mm with mountings for pressure-probe, four thermocouples, gas-sampling probe and white light extinction system; this section is called the "general measurement section";
ducting, of length 500 mm;
connection to exhaust. NOTE Attention should be paid to the fixing of the measuring duct. The total mass excluding probes, etc. is about 250 kg. SIST EN 13823:2011
EN 13823:2010 (E) 11 4.4.6 Two identical sandbox burners (see Figure E.9), one in the bottom plate of the trolley (the "main (primary) burner"), one fixed to a post of the frame (the "auxiliary (secondary) burner"), with the following specifications: a) Shape: right angled triangle (top view) with two equal sides of 250 mm, height 80 mm, bottom closed except for a 12,5 mm pipe socket at the gravitational centre, top open. A right-angled triangular perforated plate shall be positioned in the burner at a height of 10 mm above the bottom. Metal gauze with a maximum mesh size of 2 mm shall be positioned at heights of 12 mm and 60 mm above the bottom. All dimensions shall be within ± 2 mm. b) Material: box made of 1,5 mm stainless steel, filled from bottom to top with, successively, a
10 mm void, a layer of pebbles within a size distribution of 4 mm to 8 mm up to a height of
60 mm, and a top layer of sand within a size distribution of 2 mm to 4 mm up to a height of
80 mm. The metal gauze is used to stabilize the two layers and prevent the pebbles from entering the gas pipe socket. The pebbles and sand used shall be rounded (river) stones, not broken ones. c) Position of main (primary) burner: mounted in the tray (see Figures E.9 and E.19) and connected to the U-profile at the bottom of the specimen position. The top edge of the main (primary) burner shall be (25
2) mm above the top edge of the U-profile. d) Position of auxiliary (secondary) burner: fixed to the post of the frame opposite to the specimen corner, with the top of the burner at a height of (1 450 ± 5) mm from the floor of the test room (1 000 mm vertical distance to the hood), its diagonal parallel and nearest to the hypotenuse of the main (primary) burner. e) The main (primary) burner is connected to U-profiles at the long and the short wing specimen position (see Figure E.18, part 10). In both U-profiles a blanking plate (see Figure E.19) is placed with its top at the same height as the top of the U-profile and at 0,3 m from the corner line between the mounted specimen wings (at the border of the burner zone, see 8.3.4). f) The main (primary) burner shall be protected with a tilted triangular grid when previous tests on the same type of product have led to an early termination to the test due to fallen material on the sand-bed in accordance with 8.5. The grid shall have a ratio of open area to total area of at least 90 %. One side of the grid shall be placed on the hypotenuse of the burner. The tilt angle is
(45 ± 5)° with the horizontal, measured along the line from the hypotenuse midpoint to the specimen corner. 4.4.7 Shield of rectangular shape, width (370 ± 5) mm, height (550 ± 5) mm, made of calcium silicate board (specification the same as the backing boards), to protect the specimens from the heat flux of the flames of the auxiliary (secondary) burner.
It shall be fixed to the hypotenuse side of the auxiliary (secondary) burner, centred in the horizontal plane (shielding the total width of
...
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.UHGPHWDEssais de réaction au feu des produits de construction - Produits de construction à l'exclusion des revêtements de sol exposés à une sollicitation thermique provoquée par un objet isolé en feuReaction to fire tests for building products - Building products excluding floorings exposed to the thermal attack by a single burning item13.220.50Požarna odpornost gradbenih materialov in elementovFire-resistance of building materials and elementsICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:FprEN 13823kSIST FprEN 13823:2010en,fr,de01-marec-2010kSIST FprEN 13823:2010SLOVENSKI
STANDARD
kSIST FprEN 13823:2010
EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPÉENNE EUROPÄISCHE NORM
FINAL DRAFT
FprEN 13823
December 2009 ICS 13.220.50; 91.060.01; 91.100.01 Will supersede EN 13823:2002English Version
Reaction to fire tests for building products - Building products excluding floorings exposed to the thermal attack by a single burning item
This draft European Standard is submitted to CEN members for unique acceptance procedure. It has been drawn up by the Technical Committee CEN/TC 127.
If this draft becomes a European Standard, CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.
This draft European Standard was established by CEN in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
Warning : This document is not a European Standard. It is distributed for review and comments. It is subject to change without notice and shall not be referred to as a European Standard.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre:
Avenue Marnix 17,
B-1000 Brussels © 2009 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. FprEN 13823:2009: EkSIST FprEN 13823:2010
FprEN 13823:2009 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword . 4 Introduction . 5 1 Scope. 6 2 Normative references . 6 3 Terms and definitions . 6 4 Test facility . 7 4.1 General . 7 4.2 Test room . 7 4.3 Materials . 10 4.4 Test apparatus . 10 4.5 Smoke exhaust system . 12 4.6 General measurement section equipment . 12 4.7 Other general equipment. 13 5 Test specimen . 14 5.1 Dimensions of specimen . 14 5.2 Mounting of specimen . 14 5.2.1 Mounting as in end use application . 14 5.2.2 Standard mounting . 14 5.3 Installation of the specimen wings in the trolley . 17 5.4 Number of specimens. 17 6 Conditioning . 17 7 Principle . 18 8 Test procedure . 18 8.1 General . 18 8.2 Testing operations . 18 8.3 Visual observation and manual recording of data . 19 8.3.1 General . 19 8.3.2 Pre-test conditions . 19 8.3.3 Lateral flame spread on the long wing . 19 8.3.4 Flaming particles or droplets . 20 8.3.5 End of test conditions . 22 8.3.6 Recorded events . 22 8.4 Automated recording of data . 22 8.5 Early termination of test . 23 9 Expression of results. 23 10 Test report . 23 Annex A (normative)
Calculation procedures . 25 A.1 General . 25 A.1.1 General remarks . 25 A.1.2 Calculations to be performed on the test data . 25 A.1.3 Calculations to be performed on calibration data . 26 A.1.4 Standard data set . 26 A.2 Synchronization of data . 26 A.2.1 O2 and CO2 synchronization with Tms . 26 A.3 Checking equipment response . 28 A.3.1 Temperature readings . 28 A.3.2 Drift in gas concentration measurement . 28 kSIST FprEN 13823:2010
FprEN 13823:2009 (E) 3 A.3.3 Drift in light attenuation measurement . 28 A.4 Exposure period . 29 A.5 Heat output . 29 A.5.1 Calculation of heat release rate (HRR). 29 A.5.2 Calculation of THR(t) and THR600s . 32 A.5.3 Calculation of FIGRA0,2MJ and FIGRA0,4MJ (fire growth rate indices) . 33 A.6 Smoke production . 34 A.6.1 Calculation of smoke production rate (SPR) . 34 A.6.2 Calculation of TSP(t) and TSP600s . 37 A.6.3 Calculation of SMOGRA (smoke growth rate index) . 37 A.7 Calculations for calibrations . 38 A.7.1 Propane heat release . 38 Annex B (informative)
Precision of test method . 39 B.1 General remarks and results . 39 B.2 Calculation of test results . 40 B.3 Statistical analysis . 40 B.4 Statistical results . 40 Annex C (normative)
Calibration procedures . 44 C.1 Procedures for separate pieces of equipment . 44 C.1.1 General . 44 C.1.2 Oxygen analyser adjustment . 44 C.1.3 Oxygen analyser output noise and drift . 44 C.1.4 Carbon dioxide analyser adjustment . 45 C.1.5 Check of propane mass flow controller . 45 C.1.6 Light system calibration . 45 C.2 System response calibrations . 46 C.2.1 Burner switch response time . 46 C.2.2 Burner heat output step calibration . 48 C.2.3 Heptane calibration . 51 C.2.4 Velocity profile factor kt,v . 53 C.2.5 Flow factor kt . 55 Annex D (informative)
Calibration procedures . 56 D.1 Procedures for separate pieces of equipment . 56 D.1.1 General . 56 D.1.2 Oxygen analyser adjustment . 56 D.1.3 Carbon dioxide analyser adjustment . 56 D.1.4 Check of propane mass flow controller . 56 D.1.5 Optical filter check . 57 D.2 Check of the thermal attack on the specimens . 58 D.2.1 General . 58 D.2.2 Procedure . 58 Annex E (normative)
Design drawings . 59 Annex F (informative)
Data file format . 94 Annex G (informative)
Record sheet . 97
kSIST FprEN 13823:2010
FprEN 13823:2009 (E) 4 Foreword This document (FprEN 13823:2009) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 127 “Fire safety in buidlings”f the secretariat of which is held by BSI. This document is currently submitted to the Unique Acceptance Procedure. This document will supersede EN 13823:2002. This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of Council Directive 89/106/EEC. kSIST FprEN 13823:2010
FprEN 13823:2009 (E) 5 Introduction The classification of the reaction to fire performance of construction products established by EC Decision 2000/147/EC (OJEU L50 of 23.2.2000) defines in Table 1 the reaction to fire classes for building products excluding floorings. The relevant test methods for determining the reaction to fire are being prepared by CEN/TC 127. Safety warning The attention of all persons concerned with managing and carrying out the tests described in this standard is drawn to the fact that fire testing can be hazardous and that toxic and/or harmful smoke and gases can be produced during the test. An assessment of all potential hazards and risks to health should be made and safety precautions should be identified and provided. Smoke and gases should be removed from the workplace. Written safety instructions should be issued. Appropriate training should be given to relevant personnel. Laboratory personnel should ensure that they follow written safety instructions at all times. Special precautions are required for the propane gas supply system.
The equipment, for example tubes, couplings, flow meters, should be approved for propane.
The burner should be equipped with a remote-controlled ignition device, for example a pilot flame or a glow wire. There should be a warning system for leaking gas and a valve for immediate and automatic cut-off of the gas supply in case of extinction of the ignition flame. The pilot flames can be ignited directly by an operator in the test room, however, no one should be present in the test room during ignition of a burner.
It should be possible to operate the switch between auxiliary and main (primary) burner and the preceding main valve (to open or stop the propane supply) from outside the test room. Special precautions are required for the extinction of burning specimens. When the extinction is carried out because of intensive combustion of the specimens, it is recommended that a second operator is ready to intervene. Means for extinguishing should be available (e.g. since the heat output during intensive combustion can damage the apparatus). kSIST FprEN 13823:2010
FprEN 13823:2009 (E) 6 1 Scope This European Standard specifies a method of test for determining the reaction to fire performance of construction products excluding floorings, and excluding products which are indicated in Table 1 of the EC Decision 2000/147/EC, when exposed to thermal attack by a single burning item (SBI). The calculation procedures are given in Annex A. Information on the precision of the test method is given in Annex B. The calibration procedures are given in Annexes C and D, of which C is a normative annex. NOTE This European Standard has been developed to determine the reaction to fire performance of essentially flat products. The treatment of some families of products, e.g. linear products (pipes, ducts, cables etc) can need special rules. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 13238, Reaction to fire tests for building products - Conditioning procedures and general rules for selection of substrates EN 13501-1:2007, Fire classification of construction products and building elements – Part 1: Classification using test data from reaction to fire tests EN 60584-1, Thermocouples – Part 1: Reference tables (IEC 60584-1:1995) EN ISO 13943:2000, Fire safety – Vocabulary (ISO 13943:2000) 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN ISO 13943:2000 and EN 13501-1:2007 and the following apply. 3.1 backing board calcium silicate panel used to back the specimen that can be placed directly against a free-standing test specimen or at a distance from it 3.2 specimen piece of a product, which is to be tested NOTE This can include the mounting technique used in its end-use application. This also can include an air gap and/or a substrate where appropriate. 3.3 substrate product which is used immediately beneath the product about which information is required 3.4 THR600s total heat release from the specimen in the first 600 s of exposure to the main (primary) burner flames kSIST FprEN 13823:2010
FprEN 13823:2009 (E) 7 3.5 LFS lateral flame spread on the long specimen wing NOTE The LFS is defined in more detail in 8.3.3. 3.6 TSP600s total smoke production from the specimen in the first 600 s of exposure to the main (primary) burner flames 3.7 FIGRA0,2 MJ maximum of the quotient of heat release rate from the specimen and the time of its occurrence using a THR-threshold of 0,2 MJ NOTE The FIGRA0,2 MJ is described in more detail in A.5.3. 3.8 FIGRA0,4 MJ maximum of the quotient of heat release rate from the specimen and the time of its occurrence using a THR threshold of 0,4 MJ NOTE The FIGRA0,4 MJ is described in more detail in A.5.3. 3.9 SMOGRA smoke growth rate. The maximum of the quotient of smoke production rate from the specimen and the time of its occurrence NOTE The SMOGRA is described in more detail in A.6.3. 3.10 sustained flaming persistence of flame on or over a surface for a minimum period of time [EN ISO 13943] 4 Test facility 4.1 General The SBI test facility shall consist of a test room, the test apparatus (trolley, frame, burners, hood, collector and ducting), the smoke exhaust system and general measuring equipment. These components are specified in 4.2 to 4.7. Design drawings are given in Annex E. Dimensions given in the drawings are nominal unless tolerances are given in the text. NOTE The air supply to the test room entering below the trolley should be fresh, uncontaminated air. 4.2 Test room 4.2.1 The test room shall have an inner height of (2,4
0,05) m and an inner floor area of (3,0
0,05) m in both directions. The walls shall be made of stone type building blocks (e.g. cellular concrete), gypsum boards, calcium silicate boards or other boards classified as class A1 or A2. 4.2.2 One wall of the test room shall have an opening to insert the trolley from the surrounding laboratory into the test room. The opening shall be at least 1 470 mm wide and 2 450 mm high (dimensions of the frame). Windows shall be placed in the two walls facing the front side of the two kSIST FprEN 13823:2010
FprEN 13823:2009 (E) 8 perpendicular specimen planes. To be able to handle the SBI apparatus and the specimen when the trolley is in place, an additional door is needed. 4.2.3 With the trolley in place in the test room, the distance between the long wing specimen surface touching the U-profile and the wall of the test room shall be (2,1
0,05) m. This distance shall be measured perpendicularly to the wall facing the long wing. The areas of the openings in the test room, excluding the air inlet at the bottom of the trolley and the smoke exhaust opening in the hood, shall not exceed a total of 0,05 m2. 4.2.4 Both left-orientated arrangements, as shown in Figure 1, and right-orientated arrangements (the trolley shown in Figure 1 mirrored around a vertical line) are allowed. NOTE 1 To be able to remove side plates of the hood without removing the collector, attention should be paid to the connection between the frame of the SBI apparatus and the ceiling of the room. It should be possible to move the side plate outwards at the bottom. NOTE 2 The relative position of the frame in the test room depends on the details of the connection between room and frame. kSIST FprEN 13823:2010
FprEN 13823:2009 (E) 9
Key
1 visual observation 2 fixed frame 3 visual observation (left orientated specimen) 4 trolley (with left orientated specimen)
NOTE Both left orientated and right oriented specimens are acceptable. For right orientated specimens the figure is mirrored around a vertical line. Figure 1 — Top view of the SBI test room design (schematic drawing)kSIST FprEN 13823:2010
FprEN 13823:2009 (E) 10
4.3 Materials Commercial propane, of minimum purity 95 %. 4.4 Test apparatus (See Figures E.1 to E.35). 4.4.1 Trolley, on which two perpendicular specimen parts are placed, with a sandbox burner at the bottom of the vertical corner. The trolley is put in place with its back side closing the opening in the wall of the test room; the air inlet under the floor of the trolley is provided with perforated plates (open area to total area 40 % to 60 %; perforation diameter 8 mm to 12 mm) to produce an evenly distributed flow along the floor of the test room.
The base of the trolley shall be positioned horizontally, within ± 5 mm, during the test.
This shall be measured directly behind the U-profile and in-between the C-shaped profiles, prior to a new test series or when a new trolley is used.
If the base of the trolley is not horizontal the trolley shall be adjusted. 4.4.2 Fixed frame, in which the trolley is pushed and which supports the hood; a second burner is fixed to the frame. 4.4.3 Hood, on top of the frame, which collects the combustion gases. 4.4.4 Collector, on top of the hood with baffles and a horizontal outlet for the exhaust duct. 4.4.5 Exhaust duct (J-shaped), circular tube of inner diameter (315 ± 5) mm, and insulated with
50 mm high temperature resistant mineral wool, with the following parts (in flow direction):
connection to the collector;
ducting, of length 500 mm with four thermocouple mountings (for optional temperature measurements) at a distance of at least 400 mm from the collector;
ducting, of length 1 000 mm;
two 90° bends, (radius of curvature of axis 400 mm);
ducting, of length 1 625 mm with guide vanes and an orifice; guide vane length 630 mm starting 50 mm after the bends; directly behind the guide vanes a (2,0
0,5) mm thick circular orifice with inner opening diameter 265 mm and an outer diameter of 314 mm;
ducting, of length 2 155 mm with mountings for pressure-probe, four thermocouples, gas-sampling probe and white light extinction system; this section is called the “general measurement section”;
ducting, of length 500 mm;
connection to exhaust. NOTE Attention should be paid to the fixing of the measuring duct. The total mass excluding probes etc. is about 250 kg. 4.4.6 Two identical sandbox burners (see Figure E.9), one in the bottom plate of the trolley (the “main (primary) burner”cf one fixed to a post of the frame (the “auxiliary (secondary) burner”cf with the following specifications: kSIST FprEN 13823:2010
FprEN 13823:2009 (E) 11 a) Shape: right angled triangle (top view) with two equal sides of 250 mm, height 80 mm, bottom closed except for a 12,5 mm pipe socket at the gravitational centre, top open. A right-angled triangular perforated plate shall be positioned in the burner at a height of 10 mm above the bottom. Metal gauze with a maximum mesh size of 2 mm shall be positioned at heights of 12 mm and 60 mm above the bottom. All dimensions shall be within ± 2 mm. b) Material: box made of 1,5 mm stainless steel, filled from bottom to top with, successively, a
10 mm void, a layer of pebbles within a size distribution of 4 mm to 8 mm up to a height of
60 mm, and a top layer of sand within a size distribution of 2 mm to 4 mm up to a height of
80 mm. The metal gauze is used to stabilize the two layers and prevent the pebbles from entering the gas pipe socket. The pebbles and sand used shall be rounded (river) stones, not broken ones. c) Position of main (primary) burner: mounted in the tray (see Figures E.9 and E.19) and connected to the U-profile at the bottom of the specimen position. The top edge of the main (primary) burner shall be 25
2 mm above the top edge of the U-profile. d) Position of auxiliary (secondary) burner: fixed to the post of the frame opposite to the specimen corner, with the top of the burner at a height of (1 450 ± 5) mm from the floor of the test room (1 000 mm vertical distance to the hood), its diagonal parallel and nearest to the hypotenuse of the main (primary) burner. e) The main (primary) burner is connected to U-profiles at the long and the short wing specimen position (see Figure E.18, part 10). In both U-profiles a blanking plate (See Figure E.19) is placed with its top at the same height as the top of the U-profile and at 0,3 m from the corner line between the mounted specimen wings (at the border of the burner zone, see 8.3.4). f) The main (primary) burner shall be protected with a tilted triangular grid when previous tests on the same type of product have led to an early termination to the test due to fallen material on the sand-bed in accordance with 8.5. The grid shall have a ratio of open area to total area of at least 90 %. One side of the grid shall be placed on the hypotenuse of the burner. The tilt angle is
(45 ± 5)° with the horizontal, measured along the line from the hypotenuse midpoint to the specimen corner. 4.4.7 Shield of rectangular shape, width (370 ± 5) mm, height (550 ± 5) mm, made of calcium silicate board (specification the same as the backing boards), to protect the specimens from the heat flux of the flames of the auxiliary (secondary) burner. It shall be fixed to the hypotenuse side of the auxiliary (secon
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