SIST ISO 25964-1:2013
(Main)Information and documentation -- Thesauri and interoperability with other vocabularies -- Part 1: Thesauri for information retrieval
Information and documentation -- Thesauri and interoperability with other vocabularies -- Part 1: Thesauri for information retrieval
ISO 25964-1:2011 gives recommendations for the development and maintenance of thesauri intended for information retrieval applications. It is applicable to vocabularies used for retrieving information about all types of information resources, irrespective of the media used (text, sound, still or moving image, physical object or multimedia) including knowledge bases and portals, bibliographic databases, text, museum or multimedia collections, and the items within them.
ISO 25964-1:2011 also provides a data model and recommended format for the import and export of thesaurus data.
ISO 25964-1:2011 is applicable to monolingual and multilingual thesauri.
ISO 25964-1:2011 is not applicable to the preparation of back-of-the-book indexes, although many of its recommendations could be useful for that purpose.
ISO 25964-1:2011 is not applicable to the databases or software used directly in search or indexing applications, but does anticipate the needs of such applications among its recommendations for thesaurus management.
Information et documentation -- Thésaurus et interopérabilité avec d'autres vocabulaires -- Partie 1: Thésaurus pour la recherche documentaire
Informatika in dokumentacija - Tezavri in interoperabilnost z drugimi slovarji - 1. del: Tezavri za pridobivanje informacij
Ta del standarda ISO 25964 podaja priporočila za razvoj in vzdrževanje tezavrov, namenjenih aplikacijam za pridobivanje informacij. Velja za slovarje, ki se uporabljajo za pridobivanje informacij iz vseh vrst informacijskih virov ne glede na uporabljeni medij (besedilo, zvok, nepremične ali dinamične slike, fizični objekti, večpredstavnostne vsebine), vključno z bazami znanja in portali, bibliografskimi podatkovnimi zbirkami, besedilnimi, muzejskimi ali večpredstavnostnimi zbirkami in predmeti v njih. Ta del standarda ISO 25964 zagotavlja tudi podatkovni model in priporočeni format za uvoz in izvoz podatkov iz tezavra. Ta del standarda ISO 25964 se uporablja za enojezikovne in večjezikovne tezavre. Ta del standarda ISO 25964 se ne uporablja za pripravo kazal na koncu knjig, čeprav bi bila številna priporočila zanje uporabna. Ta del standarda ISO 25964 ne velja za podatkovne baze ali programsko opremo, ki se uporablja neposredno pri aplikacijah za iskanje ali indeksiranje, vendar predvideva potrebe takih aplikacij v priporočilih za upravljanje s tezavrom.
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-julij-2013
Informatika in dokumentacija - Tezavri in interoperabilnost z drugimi slovarji - 1.
del: Tezavri za pridobivanje informacij
Information and documentation -- Thesauri and interoperability with other vocabularies --
Part 1: Thesauri for information retrieval
Information et documentation -- Thésaurus et interopérabilité avec d'autres vocabulaires
-- Partie 1: Thésaurus pour la recherche documentaire
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: ISO 25964-1:2011
ICS:
01.140.20 Informacijske vede Information sciences
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 25964-1
First edition
2011-08-15
Information and documentation —
Thesauri and interoperability with other
vocabularies —
Part 1:
Thesauri for information retrieval
Information et documentation — Thésaurus et interopérabilité avec
d'autres vocabulaires —
Partie 1: Thésaurus pour la recherche documentaire
Reference number
©
ISO 2011
© ISO 2011
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means,
electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or
ISO's member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
Case postale 56 • CH-1211 Geneva 20
Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11
Fax + 41 22 749 09 47
E-mail copyright@iso.org
Web www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2011 – All rights reserved
Contents Page
Foreword .v
Introduction.vi
1 Scope.1
2 Terms and definitions .1
3 Symbols, abbreviated terms and other conventions.12
4 Thesaurus overview and objectives.15
4.1 Overall objective.15
4.2 Vocabulary control and its purpose .16
4.3 Paradigmatic versus syntagmatic relationships.16
4.4 Types of paradigmatic relationship.17
5 Concepts and their scope in a thesaurus.18
5.1 Conceptual basis.18
5.2 Scope notes .20
5.3 Reciprocal scope notes .21
6 Thesaurus terms.21
6.1 Form of terms .21
6.2 Clarification and disambiguation of thesaurus terms .21
6.3 Grammatical form of terms.23
6.4 Capitalization, punctuation and special characters .26
6.5 Singular or plural forms.27
6.6 Selection of the preferred form.30
7 Complex concepts.37
7.1 General .37
7.2 The nature of compound terms .38
7.3 Deciding whether or not to admit a complex concept.39
7.4 How to split a complex concept.43
7.5 Retention of constituent concepts .43
7.6 Consistency in the treatment of complex concepts .44
7.7 Order of words in multi-word terms .44
8 The equivalence relationship, in a monolingual context .44
8.1 General .44
8.2 Synonyms.45
8.3 Quasi-synonyms.48
8.4 Specific terms subsumed in a broader concept .48
8.5 Representation of complex concepts by a combination of terms .49
9 Equivalence across languages .50
9.1 General .50
9.2 Degrees of equivalence .51
9.3 Typical problems and solutions .52
9.4 Representation of cross-language equivalence between preferred terms .57
9.5 Cross-language equivalence between non-preferred terms.57
10 Relationships between concepts.57
10.1 Introduction.57
10.2 The hierarchical relationship .58
10.3 The associative relationship .63
10.4 Customized relationships.67
11 Facet analysis .68
12 Presentation and layout .70
12.1 General.70
12.2 Alternative display styles.71
12.3 Presentation and layout of multilingual thesauri .80
12.4 Language and character encoding issues.85
13 Managing thesaurus construction and maintenance .88
13.1 Planning a thesaurus .88
13.2 Early stages of compilation.90
13.3 Construction.91
13.4 Introduction to the thesaurus.93
13.5 Dissemination .93
13.6 Updating .95
14 Guidelines for thesaurus management software .98
14.1 General.98
14.2 Size and character limitations.98
14.3 Relationships between terms and between concepts .99
14.4 Notes applying to terms or concepts .100
14.5 Codes and notation .100
14.6 Node labels.100
14.7 Status of languages.100
14.8 Data import/export.101
14.9 Editorial navigation and support.102
14.10 Editorial safeguards .102
14.11 Housekeeping tools.103
15 Data model.103
15.1 General.103
15.2 Notes on the model.105
15.3 Tabular presentation .109
16 Integration of thesauri with applications .115
16.1 Introduction.115
16.2 Interoperability needs for thesauri.116
16.3 Integration with indexing and searching applications.116
17 Exchange formats.118
18 Protocols .119
18.1 General.119
18.2 Purposes and use cases.119
18.3 Application environment and architecture .120
18.4 Thesaurus-specific protocols.120
18.5 General-purpose web database protocols used with thesauri .120
Annex A (informative) Examples of displays found in published thesauri.122
Annex B (informative) XML Schema for data exchange.
...
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 25964-1
First edition
2011-08-15
Information and documentation —
Thesauri and interoperability with other
vocabularies —
Part 1:
Thesauri for information retrieval
Information et documentation — Thésaurus et interopérabilité avec
d'autres vocabulaires —
Partie 1: Thésaurus pour la recherche documentaire
Reference number
©
ISO 2011
© ISO 2011
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means,
electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or
ISO's member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
Case postale 56 • CH-1211 Geneva 20
Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11
Fax + 41 22 749 09 47
E-mail copyright@iso.org
Web www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2011 – All rights reserved
Contents Page
Foreword .v
Introduction.vi
1 Scope.1
2 Terms and definitions .1
3 Symbols, abbreviated terms and other conventions.12
4 Thesaurus overview and objectives.15
4.1 Overall objective.15
4.2 Vocabulary control and its purpose .16
4.3 Paradigmatic versus syntagmatic relationships.16
4.4 Types of paradigmatic relationship.17
5 Concepts and their scope in a thesaurus.18
5.1 Conceptual basis.18
5.2 Scope notes .20
5.3 Reciprocal scope notes .21
6 Thesaurus terms.21
6.1 Form of terms .21
6.2 Clarification and disambiguation of thesaurus terms .21
6.3 Grammatical form of terms.23
6.4 Capitalization, punctuation and special characters .26
6.5 Singular or plural forms.27
6.6 Selection of the preferred form.30
7 Complex concepts.37
7.1 General .37
7.2 The nature of compound terms .38
7.3 Deciding whether or not to admit a complex concept.39
7.4 How to split a complex concept.43
7.5 Retention of constituent concepts .43
7.6 Consistency in the treatment of complex concepts .44
7.7 Order of words in multi-word terms .44
8 The equivalence relationship, in a monolingual context .44
8.1 General .44
8.2 Synonyms.45
8.3 Quasi-synonyms.48
8.4 Specific terms subsumed in a broader concept .48
8.5 Representation of complex concepts by a combination of terms .49
9 Equivalence across languages .50
9.1 General .50
9.2 Degrees of equivalence .51
9.3 Typical problems and solutions .52
9.4 Representation of cross-language equivalence between preferred terms .57
9.5 Cross-language equivalence between non-preferred terms.57
10 Relationships between concepts.57
10.1 Introduction.57
10.2 The hierarchical relationship .58
10.3 The associative relationship .63
10.4 Customized relationships.67
11 Facet analysis .68
12 Presentation and layout .70
12.1 General.70
12.2 Alternative display styles.71
12.3 Presentation and layout of multilingual thesauri .80
12.4 Language and character encoding issues.85
13 Managing thesaurus construction and maintenance .88
13.1 Planning a thesaurus .88
13.2 Early stages of compilation.90
13.3 Construction.91
13.4 Introduction to the thesaurus.93
13.5 Dissemination .93
13.6 Updating .95
14 Guidelines for thesaurus management software .98
14.1 General.98
14.2 Size and character limitations.98
14.3 Relationships between terms and between concepts .99
14.4 Notes applying to terms or concepts .100
14.5 Codes and notation .100
14.6 Node labels.100
14.7 Status of languages.100
14.8 Data import/export.101
14.9 Editorial navigation and support.102
14.10 Editorial safeguards .102
14.11 Housekeeping tools.103
15 Data model.103
15.1 General.103
15.2 Notes on the model.105
15.3 Tabular presentation .109
16 Integration of thesauri with applications .115
16.1 Introduction.115
16.2 Interoperability needs for thesauri.116
16.3 Integration with indexing and searching applications.116
17 Exchange formats.118
18 Protocols .119
18.1 General.119
18.2 Purposes and use cases.119
18.3 Application environment and architecture .120
18.4 Thesaurus-specific protocols.120
18.5 General-purpose web database protocols used with thesauri .120
Annex A (informative) Examples of displays found in published thesauri.122
Annex B (informative) XML Schema for data exchange.139
Bibliography .140
Index.144
Table 1 — Symbols and abbreviations. 13
Table 2 — English language tags and their equivalents in other languages . 14
Table A.1 — Tags used in Inspec Thesaurus alphabetical display. 122
Figure 1 — Paradigmatic and syntagmatic relationships. 17
iv © ISO 2011 – All rights reserved
---------
...
Questions, Comments and Discussion
Ask us and Technical Secretary will try to provide an answer. You can facilitate discussion about the standard in here.