SIST ISO 22743:2010
Water quality - Determination of sulfates - Method by continuous flow analysis (CFA)
Water quality - Determination of sulfates - Method by continuous flow analysis (CFA)
ISO 22743:2006 specifies a continuous flow analysis (CFA) method for the determination of sulfate in various types of water (such as ground water, drinking water and waste water). The method is applicable to samples with a sulfate (SO4) mass concentration from 30 mg/l to 300 mg/l. Other concentration ranges are applicable, provided they cover exactly one decade of concentration units (e.g. 100 mg/l to 1 000 mg/l).
Qualité de l'eau - Dosage des sulfates - Méthode par analyse en flux continu (CFA)
L'ISO 22743:2006 spécifie une méthode par analyse en flux continu (CFA) permettant de déterminer la teneur en sulfates de différents types d'eaux (à savoir les eaux souterraines, l'eau potable et les eaux résiduaires). Cette méthode est applicable aux échantillons ayant une concentration en masse de sulfates (SO4) comprise entre 30 mg/l et 300 mg/l. D'autres domaines de concentration peuvent être applicables, sous réserve qu'ils couvrent exactement une décade d'unités de concentration (par exemple, de 100 mg/l à 1 000 mg/l).
Kakovost vode - Določevanje sulfatov - Metoda s kontinuirano pretočno analizo (CFA)
Ta mednarodni standard opredeljuje metodo s kontinuirano pretočno analizo (CFA) za določevanje sulfatov v različnih vrstah vode (kot je površinska, pitna in odpadna voda). Metoda se uporablja za vzorce z koncentracijo mase sulfatov (SO4) od 30 mg/l do 300 mg/l. Drugi razponi koncentracije se uporabljajo pod pogojem, da pokrivajo točno eno desetino enote koncentracije (npr. 100 mg/l od 1.000 mg/l).
General Information
- Status
- Published
- Public Enquiry End Date
- 19-Jul-2009
- Publication Date
- 05-Jul-2010
- Technical Committee
- KAV - Water quality
- Current Stage
- 6060 - National Implementation/Publication (Adopted Project)
- Start Date
- 12-May-2010
- Due Date
- 17-Jul-2010
- Completion Date
- 06-Jul-2010
Relations
- Effective Date
- 01-Sep-2010
- Effective Date
- 06-Jun-2022
- Effective Date
- 15-Apr-2008
Overview
ISO 22743:2006 specifies a laboratory method for the determination of sulfates in water by continuous flow analysis (CFA). The standard covers procedures, reagents, apparatus and quality checks for measuring sulfate (SO4) mass concentrations typically from 30 mg/l to 300 mg/l (other ranges allowed provided they span exactly one decade). It is applicable to groundwater, drinking water and wastewater and is intended for routine, high‑throughput water quality testing.
Key Topics and Requirements
- Principle: Sulfate is precipitated as barium sulfate in acidic solution; excess barium reacts with methylthymol blue and the absorbance of the non‑chelated dye is measured (nominal detection at 460 nm ± 10 nm).
- Range & Calibration: Typical working range 30–300 mg/l SO4. Calibration requires at least five calibration solutions across the range; calibration and linearity evaluation follow ISO 8466‑1 (and ISO 8466‑2 for non‑linear fits).
- Interferences: Calcium, magnesium, iron and aluminium cause negative bias - removed using a cation exchange column (e.g., DOWEX 50W‑X8). Sulfide, sulfite, phosphate and tannic acids can cause positive bias at high concentrations.
- Reagents & Stability: Key reagents include barium chloride, methylthymol blue, buffered Na‑EDTA, NaOH and prepared sulfate standards. Examples of stability: barium chloride solution (stable ~1 month at 2–6 °C), methylthymol blue solution (stable ~1 week at 2–6 °C).
- Apparatus: Typical CFA system components - sampler, reagent containers, low‑pulse pump, inlet connector, photometer with flow cell (e.g., 10 mm path length), data acquisition.
- Performance Checks: System must produce ≥0.260 absorbance/cm for ~100 mg/l standard; 30 mg/l standard must yield signal‑to‑noise ≥3:1. Daily sensitivity and baseline stabilization procedures are specified.
- Sampling & Pretreatment: Follow ISO 5667‑3 for sampling, preservation and handling; filter samples if necessary. Cation exchange pretreatment is required when hardness metals are present.
Applications and Users
- Routine water quality monitoring in drinking water and groundwater surveillance.
- Environmental and industrial laboratories performing high‑throughput sulfate analysis.
- Wastewater treatment facilities for process control and compliance testing.
- Regulatory agencies and accredited testing labs needing an ISO‑aligned CFA sulfate method.
Related Standards
- ISO 3696 – Water for analytical laboratory use (reagent water quality)
- ISO 5667‑3 – Water sampling, preservation and handling
- ISO 8466‑1 / ISO 8466‑2 – Calibration and evaluation of analytical methods
ISO 22743:2006 is a practical, automated CFA method for reliable sulfate determination in various water matrices, offering standardized procedures for reagents, instrument setup, interference control and calibration to support accurate water quality monitoring.
ISO 22743:2006 - Water quality -- Determination of sulfates -- Method by continuous flow analysis (CFA)
ISO 22743:2006 - Qualité de l'eau -- Dosage des sulfates -- Méthode par analyse en flux continu (CFA)
Frequently Asked Questions
SIST ISO 22743:2010 is a standard published by the Slovenian Institute for Standardization (SIST). Its full title is "Water quality - Determination of sulfates - Method by continuous flow analysis (CFA)". This standard covers: ISO 22743:2006 specifies a continuous flow analysis (CFA) method for the determination of sulfate in various types of water (such as ground water, drinking water and waste water). The method is applicable to samples with a sulfate (SO4) mass concentration from 30 mg/l to 300 mg/l. Other concentration ranges are applicable, provided they cover exactly one decade of concentration units (e.g. 100 mg/l to 1 000 mg/l).
ISO 22743:2006 specifies a continuous flow analysis (CFA) method for the determination of sulfate in various types of water (such as ground water, drinking water and waste water). The method is applicable to samples with a sulfate (SO4) mass concentration from 30 mg/l to 300 mg/l. Other concentration ranges are applicable, provided they cover exactly one decade of concentration units (e.g. 100 mg/l to 1 000 mg/l).
SIST ISO 22743:2010 is classified under the following ICS (International Classification for Standards) categories: 13.060.50 - Examination of water for chemical substances. The ICS classification helps identify the subject area and facilitates finding related standards.
SIST ISO 22743:2010 has the following relationships with other standards: It is inter standard links to SIST ISO 22743:2010/Cor 1:2010, SIST ISO 22743:2010/Cor 1:2010; is excused to SIST ISO 22743:2010/Cor 1:2010. Understanding these relationships helps ensure you are using the most current and applicable version of the standard.
SIST ISO 22743:2010 is available in PDF format for immediate download after purchase. The document can be added to your cart and obtained through the secure checkout process. Digital delivery ensures instant access to the complete standard document.
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-september-2010
.DNRYRVWYRGH'RORþHYDQMHVXOIDWRY0HWRGDVNRQWLQXLUDQRSUHWRþQRDQDOL]R
&)$
Water quality - Determination of sulfates - Method by continuous flow analysis (CFA)
Qualité de l'eau - Dosage des sulfates - Méthode par analyse en flux continu (CFA)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: ISO 22743:2006
ICS:
13.060.50 3UHLVNDYDYRGHQDNHPLþQH Examination of water for
VQRYL chemical substances
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 22743
First edition
2006-04-15
Water quality — Determination of
sulfates — Method by continuous flow
analysis (CFA)
Qualité de l'eau — Dosage des sulfates — Méthode par analyse en flux
continu (CFA)
Reference number
©
ISO 2006
PDF disclaimer
This PDF file may contain embedded typefaces. In accordance with Adobe's licensing policy, this file may be printed or viewed but
shall not be edited unless the typefaces which are embedded are licensed to and installed on the computer performing the editing. In
downloading this file, parties accept therein the responsibility of not infringing Adobe's licensing policy. The ISO Central Secretariat
accepts no liability in this area.
Adobe is a trademark of Adobe Systems Incorporated.
Details of the software products used to create this PDF file can be found in the General Info relative to the file; the PDF-creation
parameters were optimized for printing. Every care has been taken to ensure that the file is suitable for use by ISO member bodies. In
the unlikely event that a problem relating to it is found, please inform the Central Secretariat at the address given below.
© ISO 2006
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means,
electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or
ISO's member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
Case postale 56 • CH-1211 Geneva 20
Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11
Fax + 41 22 749 09 47
E-mail copyright@iso.org
Web www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2006 – All rights reserved
Contents Page
Foreword. iv
Introduction . v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Interferences . 1
4 Principle. 2
5 Reagents. 2
6 Apparatus . 3
7 Sampling and sample pretreatment. 4
8 Procedure . 4
9 Calculation of results . 6
10 Expression of results . 6
11 Test report . 7
Annex A (informative) Example of a CFA system for the determination of sulfate. 8
Annex B (informative) Precision and accuracy. 9
Bibliography . 10
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies
(ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO
technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been
established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and
non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the
International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards
adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an
International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
ISO 22743 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 147, Water quality, Subcommittee SC 2, Physical,
chemical and biochemical methods.
iv © ISO 2006 – All rights reserved
Introduction
Methods using flow analysis automate wet chemical procedures and are particularly suitable for the
processing of many analytes in water in large sample series at a high analysis frequency.
[1], [2] [3]
Analysis can be performed by flow injection analysis (FIA) or by continuous flow analysis (CFA) . Both
methods share the feature of an automatic dosage of the sample into a flow system (manifold) where the
analytes in the sample react with the reagent solutions on its way through the manifold. The sample
preparation may be integrated in the manifold. The reaction product is measured in a flow detector (e.g. flow
photometer). The detector produces a signal from which the concentration of the parameter is calculated.
It is necessary to examine whether and to what extent particular problems will require the specification of
additional marginal conditions.
In this International Standard, only the CFA procedure is described.
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 22743:2006(E)
Water quality — Determination of sulfates — Method by
continuous flow analysis (CFA)
WARNING — Persons using this International Standard should be familiar with normal laboratory
practice. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with
its use. It is the responsibility of the user to establish appropriate safety and health practices and to
ensure compliance with any national regulatory conditions.
IMPORTANT — It is absolutely essential that tests conducted according to this standard be carried
out by suitably trained staff.
1 Scope
This International Standard specifies a continuous flow analysis (CFA) method for the determination of sulfate
in various types of water (such as ground water, drinking water and waste water).
The method is applicable to samples with a sulfate (SO ) mass concentration from 30 mg/l to 300 mg/l. Other
concentration ranges are applicable, provided they cover exactly one decade of concentration units (e.g.
100 mg/l to 1 000 mg/l).
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 3696, Water for analytical laboratory use — Specification and test methods
ISO 5667-3, Water quality — Sampling — Part 3: Guidance on the preservation and handling of water samples
ISO 8466-1, Water quality — Calibration and evaluation of analytical methods and estimation of performance
characteristics — Part 1: Statistical evaluation of the linear calibration function
ISO 8466-2, Water quality — Calibration and evaluation of analytical methods and estimation of performance
characteristics — Part 2: Calibration strategy for non-linear second-order calibration functions
3 Interferences
Calcium-, magnesium-, iron- and aluminium ions interfere with the determination of sulfate (negative bias).
Treatment with a cation exchange resin will reduce the interferences.
Sulfide, sulfite, phosphate and tannic acids may lead to a positive bias, but concentrations of these
substances which cause measurable interferences are usually not found in real samples.
4 Principle
Sulfate reacts in an acidic solution with barium chloride to form barium sulfate. The excessive barium chloride
reacts with methylthymol blue in an alkaline solution to a chelated barium methylthymol blue. The absorbance
of the free non-chelated methylthymol blue is measured at 460 nm ± 10 nm in a flow through detector. Other
metals, such as calcium, magnesium, iron and aluminium, are removed by an ion exchange column prior to
the reactions with barium.
5 Reagents
Use analytical grade chemicals, unless otherwise specified, and check the blank value of the reagents.
5.1 Water, complying with grade 1 as defined in ISO 3696.
5.2 Barium chloride dihydrate, BaCl ·2H O.
2 2
5.3 Concentrated hydrochloric acid, c(HCl) = 12 mol/l, ρ(HCl) = 1,19 g/ml.
5.4 Methylthymol blue, (C H N O SNa or C H N O SNa).
37 40 2 13 4 37 43 2 13
5.5 Surfactant, polyoxyethylene-23-laurylether (C H (OCH CH ) OH), a mass fraction of 30 % solution
12 25 2 2 23
in water.
5.6 Sodium hydroxide, (NaOH).
5.7 Ethylenedinitrilotetracetic acid tetrasodium salt, Na -EDTA, (C H N Na O ).
4 10 12 2 4 8
5.8 Ammonium chloride, (NH Cl).
5.9 Ammonia solution, 25 % solution, c(NH ·H O) = 14 mol/l, ρ(NH⋅H O) = 0,91 g/ml.
3 2 3 2
5.10 Ethanol, C H OH, a volume fraction of 96 %, ρ = 0,79 g/ml, food grade or pure grade.
2 5
5.11 Sodium sulfate, (Na SO ), dried for 2 h at 105 °C.
2 4
1) +
5.12 Cation exchange resin, DOWEX 50W-X8 , particle size 0,3 mm to 0,8 mm in H form.
5.13 Barium chloride solution
In a 1 000 ml volumetric flask, dissolve 917 mg ± 1 mg of barium chloride dihydrate (5.2) in about 500 ml of
water (5.1) and make up to volume with water (5.1).
When stored at 2 °C to 6 °C, the solution is stable for 1 month.
5.14 Diluted hydrochloric acid, c(HCl) = 1 mol/l.
In a 1 000 ml volumetric flask, dilute 82 ml of concentrated hydrochloric acid (5.3) in about 800 ml of water
(5.1) and make up to volume with water (5.1).
1) DOWEX 50W-X8 is a trade name. This information is given for the convenience of users of this International Standard
and does not constitute an endorsement by ISO of this product.
2 © ISO 2006 – All rights reserved
5.15 Methylthymol blue solution
In a 1 000 ml volumetric flask, dissolve 160 mg ± 1 mg of methylthymol blue (5.4) in 50 ml of barium chloride
solution (5.13). Add 4 ml of concentrated hydrochloric acid (5.3) and 360 ml of ethanol (5.10). Make up to
volume with water (5.1). Add 1 ml of surfactant (5.5).
When stored at 2 °C to 6 °C, the solution is stable for 1 week.
5.16 Buffered Na -EDTA solution, pH = 10,5.
In a 1 000 ml volumetric flask, dissolve 6,75 g of ammonium chloride (5.8) and 40,0 g of Na -EDTA (5.7) in
about 500 ml of water (5.1). Add 57 ml of ammonia solution (5.
...
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 22743
First edition
2006-04-15
Water quality — Determination of
sulfates — Method by continuous flow
analysis (CFA)
Qualité de l'eau — Dosage des sulfates — Méthode par analyse en flux
continu (CFA)
Reference number
©
ISO 2006
PDF disclaimer
This PDF file may contain embedded typefaces. In accordance with Adobe's licensing policy, this file may be printed or viewed but
shall not be edited unless the typefaces which are embedded are licensed to and installed on the computer performing the editing. In
downloading this file, parties accept therein the responsibility of not infringing Adobe's licensing policy. The ISO Central Secretariat
accepts no liability in this area.
Adobe is a trademark of Adobe Systems Incorporated.
Details of the software products used to create this PDF file can be found in the General Info relative to the file; the PDF-creation
parameters were optimized for printing. Every care has been taken to ensure that the file is suitable for use by ISO member bodies. In
the unlikely event that a problem relating to it is found, please inform the Central Secretariat at the address given below.
© ISO 2006
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means,
electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or
ISO's member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
Case postale 56 • CH-1211 Geneva 20
Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11
Fax + 41 22 749 09 47
E-mail copyright@iso.org
Web www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2006 – All rights reserved
Contents Page
Foreword. iv
Introduction . v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Interferences . 1
4 Principle. 2
5 Reagents. 2
6 Apparatus . 3
7 Sampling and sample pretreatment. 4
8 Procedure . 4
9 Calculation of results . 6
10 Expression of results . 6
11 Test report . 7
Annex A (informative) Example of a CFA system for the determination of sulfate. 8
Annex B (informative) Precision and accuracy. 9
Bibliography . 10
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies
(ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO
technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been
established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and
non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the
International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards
adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an
International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
ISO 22743 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 147, Water quality, Subcommittee SC 2, Physical,
chemical and biochemical methods.
iv © ISO 2006 – All rights reserved
Introduction
Methods using flow analysis automate wet chemical procedures and are particularly suitable for the
processing of many analytes in water in large sample series at a high analysis frequency.
[1], [2] [3]
Analysis can be performed by flow injection analysis (FIA) or by continuous flow analysis (CFA) . Both
methods share the feature of an automatic dosage of the sample into a flow system (manifold) where the
analytes in the sample react with the reagent solutions on its way through the manifold. The sample
preparation may be integrated in the manifold. The reaction product is measured in a flow detector (e.g. flow
photometer). The detector produces a signal from which the concentration of the parameter is calculated.
It is necessary to examine whether and to what extent particular problems will require the specification of
additional marginal conditions.
In this International Standard, only the CFA procedure is described.
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 22743:2006(E)
Water quality — Determination of sulfates — Method by
continuous flow analysis (CFA)
WARNING — Persons using this International Standard should be familiar with normal laboratory
practice. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with
its use. It is the responsibility of the user to establish appropriate safety and health practices and to
ensure compliance with any national regulatory conditions.
IMPORTANT — It is absolutely essential that tests conducted according to this standard be carried
out by suitably trained staff.
1 Scope
This International Standard specifies a continuous flow analysis (CFA) method for the determination of sulfate
in various types of water (such as ground water, drinking water and waste water).
The method is applicable to samples with a sulfate (SO ) mass concentration from 30 mg/l to 300 mg/l. Other
concentration ranges are applicable, provided they cover exactly one decade of concentration units (e.g.
100 mg/l to 1 000 mg/l).
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 3696, Water for analytical laboratory use — Specification and test methods
ISO 5667-3, Water quality — Sampling — Part 3: Guidance on the preservation and handling of water samples
ISO 8466-1, Water quality — Calibration and evaluation of analytical methods and estimation of performance
characteristics — Part 1: Statistical evaluation of the linear calibration function
ISO 8466-2, Water quality — Calibration and evaluation of analytical methods and estimation of performance
characteristics — Part 2: Calibration strategy for non-linear second-order calibration functions
3 Interferences
Calcium-, magnesium-, iron- and aluminium ions interfere with the determination of sulfate (negative bias).
Treatment with a cation exchange resin will reduce the interferences.
Sulfide, sulfite, phosphate and tannic acids may lead to a positive bias, but concentrations of these
substances which cause measurable interferences are usually not found in real samples.
4 Principle
Sulfate reacts in an acidic solution with barium chloride to form barium sulfate. The excessive barium chloride
reacts with methylthymol blue in an alkaline solution to a chelated barium methylthymol blue. The absorbance
of the free non-chelated methylthymol blue is measured at 460 nm ± 10 nm in a flow through detector. Other
metals, such as calcium, magnesium, iron and aluminium, are removed by an ion exchange column prior to
the reactions with barium.
5 Reagents
Use analytical grade chemicals, unless otherwise specified, and check the blank value of the reagents.
5.1 Water, complying with grade 1 as defined in ISO 3696.
5.2 Barium chloride dihydrate, BaCl ·2H O.
2 2
5.3 Concentrated hydrochloric acid, c(HCl) = 12 mol/l, ρ(HCl) = 1,19 g/ml.
5.4 Methylthymol blue, (C H N O SNa or C H N O SNa).
37 40 2 13 4 37 43 2 13
5.5 Surfactant, polyoxyethylene-23-laurylether (C H (OCH CH ) OH), a mass fraction of 30 % solution
12 25 2 2 23
in water.
5.6 Sodium hydroxide, (NaOH).
5.7 Ethylenedinitrilotetracetic acid tetrasodium salt, Na -EDTA, (C H N Na O ).
4 10 12 2 4 8
5.8 Ammonium chloride, (NH Cl).
5.9 Ammonia solution, 25 % solution, c(NH ·H O) = 14 mol/l, ρ(NH⋅H O) = 0,91 g/ml.
3 2 3 2
5.10 Ethanol, C H OH, a volume fraction of 96 %, ρ = 0,79 g/ml, food grade or pure grade.
2 5
5.11 Sodium sulfate, (Na SO ), dried for 2 h at 105 °C.
2 4
1) +
5.12 Cation exchange resin, DOWEX 50W-X8 , particle size 0,3 mm to 0,8 mm in H form.
5.13 Barium chloride solution
In a 1 000 ml volumetric flask, dissolve 917 mg ± 1 mg of barium chloride dihydrate (5.2) in about 500 ml of
water (5.1) and make up to volume with water (5.1).
When stored at 2 °C to 6 °C, the solution is stable for 1 month.
5.14 Diluted hydrochloric acid, c(HCl) = 1 mol/l.
In a 1 000 ml volumetric flask, dilute 82 ml of concentrated hydrochloric acid (5.3) in about 800 ml of water
(5.1) and make up to volume with water (5.1).
1) DOWEX 50W-X8 is a trade name. This information is given for the convenience of users of this International Standard
and does not constitute an endorsement by ISO of this product.
2 © ISO 2006 – All rights reserved
5.15 Methylthymol blue solution
In a 1 000 ml volumetric flask, dissolve 160 mg ± 1 mg of methylthymol blue (5.4) in 50 ml of barium chloride
solution (5.13). Add 4 ml of concentrated hydrochloric acid (5.3) and 360 ml of ethanol (5.10). Make up to
volume with water (5.1). Add 1 ml of surfactant (5.5).
When stored at 2 °C to 6 °C, the solution is stable for 1 week.
5.16 Buffered Na -EDTA solution, pH = 10,5.
In a 1 000 ml volumetric flask, dissolve 6,75 g of ammonium chloride (5.8) and 40,0 g of Na -EDTA (5.7) in
about 500 ml of water (5.1). Add 57 ml of ammonia solution (5.9) and make up to volume with water (5.1).
5.17 Sodium hydroxide solution, c(NaOH) = 0,25 mol/l.
In a 1 000 ml volumetric flask, dissolve 10,0 g of sodium hydroxide (5.6) in about 500 ml of water (5.1). Make
up to volume with water (5.1).
5.18 Sulfate stock solution, ρ(SO ) = 3 000 mg/l.
In a 1 000 ml volumetric flask, dissolve (4 436 ± 1) mg of sodium sulfate (5.11) in about 500 ml of water (5.1).
Make up to volume with water (5.1).
5.19 Sulfate spiking solution, ρ(SO ) = 6 mg
...
NORME ISO
INTERNATIONALE 22743
Première édition
2006-04-15
Qualité de l'eau — Dosage des sulfates —
Méthode par analyse en flux continu
(CFA)
Water quality — Determination of sulfates — Method by continuous flow
analysis (CFA)
Numéro de référence
©
ISO 2006
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quelque forme que ce soit et par aucun procédé, électronique ou mécanique, y compris la photocopie et les microfilms, sans l'accord écrit
de l'ISO à l'adresse ci-après ou du comité membre de l'ISO dans le pays du demandeur.
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Case postale 56 • CH-1211 Geneva 20
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Fax. + 41 22 749 09 47
E-mail copyright@iso.org
Web www.iso.org
Publié en Suisse
ii © ISO 2006 – Tous droits réservés
Sommaire Page
Avant-propos. iv
Introduction . v
1 Domaine d'application. 1
2 Références normatives . 1
3 Interférences . 1
4 Principe. 2
5 Réactifs . 2
6 Appareillage . 4
7 Échantillonnage et prétraitement des échantillons . 4
8 Mode opératoire . 4
9 Calcul des résultats. 6
10 Expression des résultats . 7
11 Rapport d'essai . 7
Annexe A (informative) Exemple de dispositif CFA pour le dosage des sulfates. 8
Annexe B (informative) Fidélité et exactitude. 9
Bibliographie . 10
Avant-propos
L'ISO (Organisation internationale de normalisation) est une fédération mondiale d'organismes nationaux de
normalisation (comités membres de l'ISO). L'élaboration des Normes internationales est en général confiée
aux comités techniques de l'ISO. Chaque comité membre intéressé par une étude a le droit de faire partie du
comité technique créé à cet effet. Les organisations internationales, gouvernementales et non
gouvernementales, en liaison avec l'ISO participent également aux travaux. L'ISO collabore étroitement avec
la Commission électrotechnique internationale (CEI) en ce qui concerne la normalisation électrotechnique.
Les Normes internationales sont rédigées conformément aux règles données dans les Directives ISO/CEI,
Partie 2.
La tâche principale des comités techniques est d'élaborer les Normes internationales. Les projets de Normes
internationales adoptés par les comités techniques sont soumis aux comités membres pour vote. Leur
publication comme Normes internationales requiert l'approbation de 75 % au moins des comités membres
votants.
L'attention est appelée sur le fait que certains des éléments du présent document peuvent faire l'objet de
droits de propriété intellectuelle ou de droits analogues. L'ISO ne saurait être tenue pour responsable de ne
pas avoir identifié de tels droits de propriété et averti de leur existence.
L'ISO 22743 a été élaborée par le comité technique ISO/TC 147, Qualité de l'eau, sous-comité SC 2,
Méthodes physiques, chimiques et biochimiques.
iv © ISO 2006 – Tous droits réservés
Introduction
Les méthodes d'analyse en flux permettent l'automatisation des modes opératoires en chimie humide et
conviennent tout particulièrement au traitement de grandes séries d'échantillons à une fréquence d'analyse
élevée.
[1], [ 2] [3]
L'analyse peut être réalisée avec injection en flux (FIA) ou en flux continu (CFA) . Ces deux méthodes
ont en commun le dosage automatique de l'échantillon dans un dispositif en flux (à circulation) dans lequel les
composants de l'échantillon réagissent avec les réactifs dans le circuit. La préparation de l'échantillon peut
être intégrée dans le circuit analytique. La quantité de produit de réaction est mesurée dans un détecteur à
circulation (par exemple photomètre équipé d'une cellule à circulation). Le détecteur produit un signal à partir
duquel est calculée la concentration du paramètre étudié.
Il est nécessaire de considérer si, et dans quelle mesure, des problèmes particuliers peuvent nécessiter la
spécification de conditions limites supplémentaires.
Dans la présente Norme internationale, seul le mode opératoire d'analyse en flux continu est décrit.
NORME INTERNATIONALE ISO 22743:2006(F)
Qualité de l'eau — Dosage des sulfates — Méthode par analyse
en flux continu (CFA)
AVERTISSEMENT — Il convient que l'utilisateur de la présente Norme internationale connaisse bien
les pratiques courantes de laboratoire. La présente Norme internationale n'a pas pour but de traiter
tous les problèmes de sécurité qui sont, le cas échéant, liés à son utilisation. Il incombe à l'utilisateur
de la présente Norme internationale d'établir des pratiques appropriées en matière d'hygiène et de
sécurité, et de s'assurer de la conformité à la réglementation nationale en vigueur.
IMPORTANT — Il est absolument essentiel que les essais conduits conformément à la présente
Norme internationale soient exécutés par du personnel ayant reçu une formation adéquate.
1 Domaine d'application
La présente Norme internationale spécifie une méthode par analyse en flux continu (CFA) permettant de
déterminer la teneur en sulfates de différents types d'eaux (à savoir les eaux souterraines, l'eau potable et les
eaux résiduaires).
Cette méthode est applicable aux échantillons ayant une concentration en masse de sulfates (SO ) comprise
entre 30 mg/l et 300 mg/l. D'autres domaines de concentration peuvent être applicables sous réserve qu'ils
couvrent exactement une décade d'unités de concentration (par exemple de 100 mg/l à 1 000 mg/l).
2 Références normatives
Les documents de référence suivants sont indispensables pour l'application du présent document. Pour les
références datées, seule l'édition citée s'applique. Pour les références non datées, la dernière édition du
document de référence s'applique (y compris les éventuels amendements).
ISO 3696, Eau pour laboratoire à usage analytique — Spécification et méthodes d'essai
ISO 5667-3, Qualité de l'eau — Échantillonnage — Partie 3: Lignes directrices pour la conservation et la
manipulation des échantillons d'eau
ISO 8466-1, Qualité de l'eau — Étalonnage et évaluation des méthodes d'analyse et estimation des
caractères de performance — Partie 1: Évaluation statistique de la fonction linéaire d'étalonnage
ISO 8466-2, Qualité de l'eau — Étalonnage et évaluation des méthodes d'analyse et estimation des
caractères de performance — Partie 2: Stratégie d'étalonnage pour fonctions d'étalonnage non linéaires du
second degré
3 Interférences
Les ions calcium, magnésium, fer et aluminium interfèrent avec le dosage des sulfates (biais négatif). Un
traitement sur une résine échangeuse de cations réduira les interférences.
Les sulfures, les sulfites, les phosphates et les acides taniques peuvent engendrer un biais positif, mais, dans
les échantillons réels, ces substances ne se rencontrent généralement pas dans des concentrations pouvant
provoquer des interférences mesurables.
4 Principe
L'ion sulfate réagit dans une solution acide avec du chlorure de baryum pour former du sulfate de baryum.
L'excès de chlorure de baryum réagit avec le bleu de méthylthymol dans une solution alcaline pour former un
complexe chélaté de baryum – bleu de méthylthymol. L'absorbance du bleu de méthylthymol libre non chélaté
est mesurée à 460 nm ± 10 nm dans le circuit au moyen d'un détecteur Les autres métaux, comme le calcium,
le magnésium, le fer et l'aluminium, sont éliminés au moyen d'une colonne échangeuse d'ions avant les
réactions avec le baryum.
5 Réactifs
Utiliser des produits chimiques de qualité analytique, sauf spécification différente, et vérifier la valeur à blanc
des réactifs.
5.1 Eau, de qualité 1 telle que définie dans l'ISO 3696.
5.2 Chlorure de baryum dihydraté, BaCl ,2H O.
2 2
5.3 Acide chlorhydrique concentré, c(HCl) = 12 mol/l, ρ(HCl) = 1,19 g/ml.
5.4 Bleu de méthylthymol, (C H N O SNa ou C H N O SNa).
37 40 2 13 4 37 43 2 13
5.5 Tensioactif, polyoxyéthylène-23-lauryléther (C H (OCH CH ) OH), solution à 30 % (fraction
12 25 2 2 23
massique) dans l'eau.
5.6 Hydroxyde de sodium, (NaOH).
5.7 Acide éthylènediaminotétraacétique sel disodique, Na -EDTA, (C H N Na O ).
4 10 12 2 4 8
5.8 Chlorure d'ammonium, (NH Cl).
5.9 Ammoniaque solution à 25 %, c(NH ,H O) = 14 mol/l, ρ(NH ,H O) = 0,91 g/ml.
3 2 3 2
5.10 Éthanol, C H OH, fraction volumique de 96 %, ρ = 0,79 g/ml, de qualité alimentaire (bon goût) ou de
2 5
qualité pure.
5.11 Sulfate de sodium, (Na SO ), séché pendant 2 h à 105 °C.
2 4
1)
5.12 Résine échangeuse de cations, DOWEX 50W-X8 , de granulométrie comprise entre 0,3 mm et
+
0,8 mm sous forme H .
5.13 Solution de chlorure de baryum
Dans une fiole jaugée de 1 000 ml, dissoudre 917 mg ± 1 mg de chlorure de baryum dihydraté (5.2) dans
environ 500 ml d'eau (5.1) et compléter au volume avec de l'eau (5.1).
Lorsque la solution est conservée entre 2 °C et 6 °C, elle reste stable 1 mois.
1) DOWEX 50W-X8 est un exemple de produit approprié disponible sur le marché. Cette information est donnée à
l'intention des utilisateurs du présent document et ne signifie nullement que l'ISO approuve ou recommande l'emploi
exclusif du produit ainsi désigné.
2 © ISO 2006 – Tous droits réservés
5.14 Solution diluée d'acide chlorhydrique, c(HCl) = 1 mol/l.
Dans une fiole jaugée de 1 000 ml, diluer 82 ml d'acide chlorhydrique concentré (5.3) dans environ 800 ml
d'eau (5.1) et compléter au volume avec de l'eau (5.1).
5.15 Bleu de méthylthymol en solution
Dans une fiole jaugée de 1 000 ml, dissoudre 160 mg ± 1 mg de bleu de méthylthymol (5.4) dans 50 ml de la
solution de chlorure de baryum (5.13). Ajouter 4 ml d'acide chlorhydrique concentré (5.3) et 360 ml d'éthanol
(5.10). Compléter au volume avec de l'eau (5.1). Ajouter 1 ml de tensioactif (5.5).
Lorsque la solution est conservée entre 2 °C et 6 °C, elle reste stable 1 semaine.
5.16 Solution tamponnée de Na -EDTA, pH = 10,5.
Dans une fiole jaugée de 1 000 ml, dissoudre 6,75 g de chlorure d'ammonium (5.8) et 40,0 g de Na -EDTA
(5.7) dans environ 500 ml d'eau (5.1). Ajouter 57 ml d'ammoniaque (5.9) et compléter au volume avec de l'eau
(5.1).
5.17 Solution d'hydroxyde de sodium, c(NaOH) = 0,25 mol/l.
Dans une fiole jaugée de 1 000 ml, dissoudre 10,0 g d'hydroxyde de sodium (5.6) dans environ 500 ml d'eau
(5.1). Compléter au volume avec de l'eau (5.1).
5.18 Solution mère de sulfate, ρ(SO ) = 3 000 mg/l.
Dans une fiole jaugée de 1 000 ml, dissoudre (4 436 ± 1) mg de sulfate de sodium (5.11) dans environ 500 ml
d'eau (5.1). Compléter au volume avec de l'eau (5.1).
5.19 Solution de dopage au sulfate, ρ(SO ) = 6 mg/l.
Dans une fiole jaugée de 1 000 ml, diluer 2,00 ml de la solution mère de sulfate (
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