SIST EN 15058:2017
(Main)Stationary source emissions - Determination of the mass concentration of carbon monoxide - Standard reference method: non-dispersive infrared spectrometry
Stationary source emissions - Determination of the mass concentration of carbon monoxide - Standard reference method: non-dispersive infrared spectrometry
This European Standard specifies the standard reference method (SRM) based on the infra-red (IR) absorption principle. It includes the sampling and the gas conditioning system, and allows the determination of the carbon monoxide CO in flue gases emitted to the atmosphere from ducts and stacks.
This European Standard specifies the characteristics to be determined and the performance criteria to be fulfilled by measuring systems using the IR measurement method. It applies for periodic monitoring and for the calibration or control of automatic measuring systems (AMS) permanently installed on a stack, for regulatory or other purposes.
This European Standard specifies criteria for demonstration of equivalence of an alternative method (AM) to the SRM by application of prEN 14793.
This European Standard has been validated during field tests on waste incineration, co-incineration and large combustion plants and on a recognized test bench. It has been validated for CO concentrations with sampling periods of 30 min in the range of 0 mg/m3 to 400 mg/m3 for large combustion plants and 0 mg/m3 to 740 mg/m3 for waste and co-incineration. Directive 2010/75/EC lays down emission values which are expressed in mg/m3, on dry basis at a specified value of oxygen and at standard conditions of 273 K and 101,3 kPa.
NOTE The characteristics of installations, the conditions during field tests and the values of repeatability and reproducibility in the field are given in Annex A.
Emissionen aus stationären Quellen - Bestimmung der Massenkonzentration von Kohlenmonoxid - Standardreferenzverfahren: Nicht-dispersive Infrarotspektrometrie
Diese Europäische Norm legt das Standardreferenzverfahren (SRM) auf Basis des Infrarot-Absorptionsverfahrens zur Bestimmung von Kohlenmonoxid fest. Es beinhaltet die Einrichtungen zur Probenahme und zur Probengasaufbereitung und erlaubt die Bestimmung von Kohlenmonoxid in Abgasen, die aus Abgaskanälen in die Atmosphäre emittiert werden.
Diese Europäische Norm legt zu bestimmende Verfahrenskenngrößen und Mindestanforderungen fest, die von Messeinrichtungen auf Basis des Infrarot-Messverfahrens eingehalten werden müssen. Sie gilt für wiederkehrende Messungen und für die Kalibrierung oder Überprüfung von automatischen Messeinrichtungen (AMS), die aus gesetzgeberischen oder anderen Gründen stationär an einem Abgaskanal installiert sind.
Diese Europäische Norm legt Anforderungen zum Nachweis der Gleichwertigkeit von Alternativverfahren (AM) mit dem Standardreferenzverfahren (SRM) durch Anwendung der prEN 14793 fest.
Diese Europäische Norm wurde in Feldversuchen an Abfallverbrennungsanlagen, Mitverbrennungsanlagen und Großfeuerungsanlagen sowie an einem anerkannten Prüfstand validiert. Sie wurde mit Probenahmedauern von 30 min für CO-Konzentrationen im Bereich von 0 mg/m3 bis 400 mg/m3 für Großfeuerungsanlagen und im Bereich von 0 mg/m3 bis 740 mg/m3 für Abfallverbrennungsanlagen und Mitverbrennungsanlagen validiert. Die Richtlinie 2010/75/EU legt Emissionsgrenzwerte fest, die in Milligramm je Kubikmeter für trockenes Gas bei einem festgelegten Bezugssauerstoffgehalt und Normbedingungen von 273 K und 101,3 kPa angegeben sind.
ANMERKUNG Die Einzelheiten der Anlagen, die Bedingungen bei den Feldversuchen und die Werte der Wiederhol- und der Vergleichpräzision im Feld werden in Anhang A aufgeführt.
Emissions de sources fixes - Détermination de la concentration massique de monoxyde de carbone - Méthode de référence normalisée : spectrométrie infra-rouge non dispersive
La présente Norme européenne spécifie la méthode de référence normalisée (SRM, Standard Reference Method) basée sur le principe de l'absorption infrarouge (IR). Elle inclut le prélèvement et le système de conditionnement des gaz et permet de déterminer la teneur en monoxyde de carbone (CO) dans les effluents gazeux émis dans l'atmosphère par des conduits et des cheminées.
La présente Norme européenne spécifie les caractéristiques devant être déterminées et les critères de performance devant être remplis par les systèmes de mesurage utilisant la méthode de mesurage IR. Elle s'applique à la surveillance périodique et à l'étalonnage ou au contrôle des systèmes de mesurage automatisés (AMS, Automatic Measuring Systems) installés à demeure sur une cheminée, à des fins réglementaires ou à d’autres fins.
La présente Norme européenne spécifie les critères permettant de démontrer l'équivalence d'une méthode « alternative » (AM, Alternative Method) à la méthode de référence normalisée par l'application du prEN 14793.
La présente Norme européenne a été validée au cours d'essais sur site pratiqués sur des installations destinées à l'incinération et à la coincinération des déchets, sur de grandes installations de combustion ainsi que sur un banc d'essai reconnu. Elle a été validée pour des concentrations en CO mesurées pendant des périodes de prélèvement de 30 min et comprises entre 0 mg/m3 et 400 mg/m3 pour les grandes installations de combustion et entre 0 mg/m3 et 740 mg/m3 pour les installations d'incinération et de coincinération des déchets. La Directive 2010/75/CE fixe des valeurs d'émission exprimées en mg/m3, sur sec à une valeur spécifiée d'oxygène et dans des conditions normales de 273 K et 101,3 kPa.
NOTE Les caractéristiques des installations, les conditions des essais sur site et les valeurs de répétabilité et de reproductibilité sur site sont indiquées à l'Annexe A.
Emisije nepremičnih virov - Določevanje masne koncentracije ogljikovega monoksida - Standardna referenčna metoda: nedisperzna infrardeča spektrometrija
Ta evropski standard določa standardno referenčno metodo (SRM) na podlagi IR absorpcije. Vključuje sistem za vzorčenje in kondicioniranje plinov ter omogoča določanje ogljikovega monoksida CO v dimnih plinih, ki prehajajo v ozračje iz vodov in odvodnikov.
Ta evropski standard določa lastnosti in merila zmogljivosti, ki jih morajo izpolnjevati merilni sistemi, ki uporabljajo IR merilno metodo. Uporablja se za redno spremljanje in kalibracijo ali nadzor avtomatskih merilnih sistemov (AMS), ki so trajno nameščeni na odvodnik, in sicer za zakonske ter druge namene.
Ta evropski standard določa merila za prikaz enakovrednosti alternativne metode (AM) standardni referenčni metodi z uporabo standarda prEN 14793.
Ta evropski standard je bil potrjen med preskusi sežiganja odpadkov, sosežiga in velikih kurilnih naprav na terenu ter na ustrezni preskusni mizi. Potrjen je bil za koncentracije CO s 30-minutnimi obdobji vzorčenja v razponu od 0 mg/m3 do 400 mg/m3 za velike kurilne naprave in od 0 mg/m3 do 740 mg/m3 za odpadke in sosežig. Direktiva 2010/75/ES določa mejne vrednosti emisij, ki so izražene v mg/m3 na suhi osnovi pri podani vrednosti kisika in standardnih pogojih 273 K in 101,3 kPa.
OPOMBA: Lastnosti naprav, pogoji med preskusi na terenu ter vrednosti ponovljivosti in reprodukcije na terenu so podani v dodatku A.
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.NRYHJDVSHNWURPHWULMDEmissionen aus stationären Quellen - Bestimmung der Massenkonzentration von Kohlenmonoxid - Standardreferenzverfahren: Nicht-dispersive InfrarotspektrometrieEmissions de sources fixes - Détermination de la concentration massique de monoxyde de carbone - Méthode de référence normalisée : spectrométrie infra-rouge non dispersiveStationary source emissions - Determination of the mass concentration of carbon monoxide - Standard reference method: non-dispersive infrared spectrometry13.040.40Stationary source emissionsICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 15058:2017SIST EN 15058:2017en,fr,de01-marec-2017SIST EN 15058:2017SLOVENSKI
STANDARDSIST EN 15058:20061DGRPHãþD
SIST EN 15058:2017
EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPÉENNE EUROPÄISCHE NORM
EN 15058
January
t r s y ICS
s uä r v rä v r Supersedes EN
s w r w zã t r r xEnglish Version
Stationary source emissions æ Determination of the mass concentration of carbon monoxide æ Standard reference methodã nonædispersive infrared spectrometry Émissions de sources fixes æ Détermination de la concentration massique de monoxyde de carbone æ Méthode de référence normalisée ã spectrométrie infrarouge non dispersive
Emissionen aus stationären Quellen æ Bestimmung der Massenkonzentration von Kohlenmonoxid æ Standardreferenzverfahrenã Nichtædispersive Infrarotspektrometrie This European Standard was approved by CEN on
t x September
t r s xä
egulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alterationä Upætoædate lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CENæCENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN memberä
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CENæCENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versionsä
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austriaá Belgiumá Bulgariaá Croatiaá Cyprusá Czech Republicá Denmarká Estoniaá Finlandá Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedoniaá Franceá Germanyá Greeceá Hungaryá Icelandá Irelandá Italyá Latviaá Lithuaniaá Luxembourgá Maltaá Netherlandsá Norwayá Polandá Portugalá Romaniaá Serbiaá Slovakiaá Sloveniaá Spainá Swedená Switzerlandá Turkey and United Kingdomä
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre:
Avenue Marnix 17,
B-1000 Brussels
9
t r s y CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Membersä Refä Noä EN
s w r w zã t r s y ESIST EN 15058:2017
EN 15058:2017 (E) 2 Contents Page
European foreword . 5 1 Scope . 6 2 Normative references . 6 3 Terms and definitions . 6 4 Symbols and abbreviations . 13 4.1 Symbols . 13 4.2 Abbreviated terms . 14 5 Principle . 14 5.1 General . 14 5.2 Measuring principle . 14 6 Description of the measuring system . 15 6.1 General . 15 6.2 Sampling and sample gas conditioning system . 16 6.2.1 Sampling probe . 16 6.2.2 Filter . 16 6.2.3 Sample gas line . 16 6.2.4 Sample gas conditioning system . 16 6.2.5 Sample gas pump . 17 6.2.6 Secondary filter . 17 6.2.7 Flow controller and flow meter . 17 6.3 Analyser equipment . 17 6.3.1 General . 17 6.3.2 Pressure and temperature effects . 18 6.3.3 Sampling pump for the analyser . 18 6.3.4 Interferences due to infrared absorbing gases . 18 7 Performance characteristics of the SRM . 18 8 Suitability of the measuring system for the measurement task . 20 9 Field operation . 20 9.1 Measurement planning . 20 9.2 Sampling strategy. 21 9.2.1 General . 21 9.2.2 Measurement section and measurement plane . 21 9.2.3 Minimum number and location of measurement points . 21 9.2.4 Measurement ports and working platform . 21 9.3 Choice of the measuring system . 21 9.4 Setting of the measuring system on site . 22 9.4.1 General . 22 9.4.2 Preliminary zero and span check, and adjustments . 22 9.4.3 Zero and span checks after measurement . 23 SIST EN 15058:2017
EN 15058:2017 (E) 3 10 Ongoing quality control . 23 10.1 Introduction. 23 10.2 Frequency of checks . 23 11 Expression of results . 24 12 Equivalence of an alternative method . 25 13 Measurement report . 25 Annex A (informative)
Validation of the method in the field . 26 A.1 General . 26 A.2 Characteristics of installations . 26 A.3 Repeatability and reproducibility in the field . 27 A.3.1 General . 27 A.3.2 Repeatability . 28 A.3.3 Reproducibility . 29 Annex B (informative)
Schematics of non-dispersive infrared spectrometer . 31 Annex C (informative)
Calculation of the uncertainty associated with a concentration expressed on dry gas and at an oxygen reference concentration . 33 C.1 Uncertainty associated with a concentration expressed on dry gas . 33 C.2 Uncertainty associated with a concentration expressed at a oxygen reference concentration . 35 Annex D (informative)
Example of assessment of compliance of non-dispersive infrared method for CO with requirements on emission measurements . 37 D.1 General . 37 D.2 Elements required for the uncertainty determinations . 37 D.2.1 Model equation . 37 D.2.2 Combined uncertainty . 38 D.2.3 Expanded uncertainty . 38 D.2.4 Determination of uncertainty contributions in case of rectangular distributions . 39 D.2.5 Determination of uncertainty contributions by use of sensitivity coefficients . 39 D.3 Example of an uncertainty calculation. 40 D.3.1 Site specific conditions . 40 D.3.2 Performance characteristics . 41 D.3.3 Determination of the uncertainty contributions . 42 D.3.4 Result of uncertainty calculation . 45 D.3.4.1 Standard uncertainties . 45 D.3.4.2 Combined uncertainty . 46 D.3.4.3 Expanded uncertainty . 46 D.3.4.4 Evaluation of the compliance with the required measurement quality . 46 Annex E (informative)
Example of correction of data from drift effect . 47 SIST EN 15058:2017
EN 15058:2017 (E) 4 Annex F (informative)
Significant technical changes . 49 Bibliography . 50
SIST EN 15058:2017
EN 15058:2017 (E) 5 European foreword This document (EN 15058:2017) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 264 “Air quality”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN. This document supersedes EN 15058:2006. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by July 2017, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by July 2017. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Annex F provides details of significant technical changes between this document and the previous edition. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. SIST EN 15058:2017
EN 15058:2017 (E) 6 1 Scope This European Standard specifies the standard reference method (SRM) based on the infrared (IR) absorption principle. It includes the sampling and the gas conditioning system, and allows the determination of the carbon monoxide CO in flue gases emitted to the atmosphere from ducts and stacks. This European Standard specifies the characteristics to be determined and the performance criteria to be fulfilled by portable automated measuring systems (P-AMS) using the IR measurement method. It applies for periodic monitoring and for the calibration or control of automated measuring systems (AMS) permanently installed on a stack, for regulatory or other purposes.
This European Standard specifies criteria for demonstration of equivalence of an alternative method (AM) to the SRM by application of EN 14793:2017. This European Standard has been validated during field tests on waste incineration, co-incineration and large combustion plants and on a recognized test bench. It has been validated for CO concentrations with sampling periods of 30 min in the range of 0 mg/m3 to 400 mg/m3 for large combustion plants and 0 mg/m3 to 740 mg/m3 for waste and co-incineration. Directive 2010/75/EU lays down emission values which are expressed in mg/m3, on dry basis at a specified value of oxygen and at standard conditions (273 K and 101,3 kPa). NOTE The characteristics of installations, the conditions during field tests and the values of repeatability and reproducibility in the field are given in Annex A. 2 Normative references The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 14793:2017, Stationary source emission – Demonstration of equivalence of an alternative method with a reference method EN 15259:2007, Air quality - Measurement of stationary source emissions - Requirements for measurement sections and sites and for the measurement objective, plan and report EN 15267-4:2017, Air quality — Certification of automated measuring systems — Part 4: Performance criteria and test procedures for automated measuring systems for periodic measurements of emissions from stationary sources EN ISO 14956:2002, Air quality - Evaluation of the suitability of a measurement procedure by comparison with a required measurement uncertainty (ISO 14956:2002) ISO/IEC Guide 98-3:2008, Uncertainty of measurement — Part 3: Guide to the expression of uncertainty in measurement (GUM:1995) 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 standard reference method
SRM reference method prescribed by European or national legislation
[SOURCE: EN 15259:2007] SIST EN 15058:2017
EN 15058:2017 (E) 7 3.2 reference method RM measurement method taken as a reference by convention, which gives the accepted reference value of the measurand Note 1 to entry: A reference method is fully described. Note 2 to entry: A reference method can be a manual or an automated method. Note 3 to entry: Alternative methods can be used if equivalence to the reference method has been demonstrated. [SOURCE: EN 15259:2007] 3.3 measurement method method described in a written procedure containing all the means and procedures required to sample and analyse, namely field of application, principle and/or reactions, definitions, equipment, procedures, presentation of results, other requirements and measurement report [SOURCE: EN 14793:2017] 3.4 alternative method
AM
measurement method which complies with the criteria given by this European Standard with respect to the reference method
Note 1 to entry:
An alternative method can consist of a simplification of the reference method. [SOURCE: EN 14793:2016] 3.5 measuring system set of one or more measuring instruments and often other devices, including any reagent and supply, assembled and adapted to give information used to generate measured quantity values within specified intervals for quantities of specified kinds
[SOURCE: JCGM 200:2012] 3.6 automated measuring system AMS entirety of all measuring instruments and additional devices for obtaining a result of measurement Note 1 to entry: Apart from the actual measuring device (the analyser), an AMS includes facilities for taking samples (e.g. probe, sample gas lines, flow meters and regulator, delivery pump) and for sample conditioning (e.g. dust filter, pre-separator for interferents, cooler, converter). This definition also includes testing and adjusting devices that are required for functional checks and, if applicable, for commissioning. Note 2 to entry: The term “automated measuring system” (AMS) is typically used in Europe. The term “continuous emission monitoring system” (CEMS) is also typically used in the UK and USA. [SOURCE: EN 15267-4:2017] SIST EN 15058:2017
EN 15058:2017 (E) 8 3.7 portable automated measuring system P-AMS automated measuring system which is in a condition or application to be moved from one to another measurement site to obtain measurement results for a short measurement period Note 1 to entry: The measurement period is typically 8 h for a day.
Note 2 to entry: The P-AMS can be configured at the measurement site for the special application but can be also set-up in a van or mobile container. The probe and the sample gas lines are installed often just before the measurement task is started.
[SOURCE: EN 15267-4:2017] 3.8 calibration
set of operations that establish, under specified conditions, the relationship between values of quantities indicated by a measuring method or measuring system, and the corresponding values given by the applicable reference
Note 1 to entry: In case of automated measuring system (AMS) permanently installed on a stack the applicable reference is the standard reference method (SRM) used to establish the calibration function of the AMS. Note 2 to entry: Calibration should not be confused with adjustment of a measuring system. 3.9 adjustment
set of operations carried out on a measuring system so that it provides prescribed indications corresponding to given values of a quantity to be measured
Note 1 to entry: The adjustment can be made directly on the instrument or using a suitable calculation procedure. 3.10 span gas test gas used to adjust and check a specific point on the response line of the measuring system 3.11 measurand particular quantity subject to measurement
[SOURCE: EN 15259:2007] Note 1 to entry:
The measurand is a quantifiable property of the stack gas under test, for example mass concentration of a measured component, temperature, velocity, mass flow, oxygen content and water vapour content. 3.12 interference negative or positive effect upon the response of the measuring system, due to a component of the sample that is not the measurand SIST EN 15058:2017
EN 15058:2017 (E) 9 3.13 influence quantity quantity that is not the measurand but that affects the result of the measurement Note 1 to entry: Influence quantities are e.g. presence of interfering gases; ambient temperature, pressure of the gas sample. 3.14 ambient temperature temperature of the air around the measuring system 3.15 emission limit value
ELV limit value given in regulations such as EU Directives, ordinances, administrative regulations, permits, licences, authorisations or consents Note 1 to entry: ELV can be stated as concentration limits expressed as half-hourly, hourly and daily averaged values, or mass flow limits expressed as hourly, daily, weekly, monthly or annually aggregated values. 3.16 measurement site place on the waste gas duct in the area of the measurement plane(s) consisting of structures and technical equipment, for example working platforms, measurement ports, energy supply
Note 1 to entry: Measurement site is also known as sampling site. [SOURCE: EN 15259:2007] 3.17 measurement plane plane normal to the centreline of the duct at the sampling position Note 1 to entry: Measurement plane is also known as sampling plane. [SOURCE: EN 15259:2007] 3.18 measurement port opening in the waste gas duct along the measurement line, through which access to the waste gas is gained Note 1 to entry: Measurement port is also known as sampling port or access port. [SOURCE: EN 15259:2007] 3.19 measurement line line in the measurement plane along which the measurement points are located, bounded by the inner duct wall Note 1 to entry: Measurement line is also known as sampling line. [SOURCE: EN 15259:2007] SIST EN 15058:2017
EN 15058:2017 (E) 10 3.20 measurement point position in the measurement plane at which the sample stream is extracted or the measurement data are obtained directly
Note 1 to entry: Measurement point is also known as sampling point. [SOURCE: EN 15259:2007] 3.21 performance characteristic one of the quantities (described by values, tolerances, range) assigned to equipment in order to define its performance 3.22 response time duration between the instant when an input quantity value of a measuring instrument or measuring system is subjected to an abrupt change between two specified constant quantity values and the instant when a corresponding indication settles within specified limits around its final steady value
Note 1 to entry: By convention time taken for the output signal to pass from 0 % to 90 % of the final variation of indication. 3.23 short-term zero drift difference between two zero readings at the beginning and at the end of the measurement period 3.24 short-term span drift difference between two span readings at the beginning and at the end of the measurement period 3.25 lack of fit systematic deviation, within the measurement range, between the measurement result obtained by applying the calibration function to the observed response of the measuring system measuring test gases and the corresponding accepted value of such test gases Note 1 to entry: Lack of fit can be a function of the measurement result. Note 2 to entry: The expression “lack of fit” is often replaced in everyday language by “linearity” or “deviation from linearity”. SIST EN 15058:2017
EN 15058:2017 (E) 11 3.26 repeatability in the laboratory closeness of the agreement between the results of successive measurements of the same measurand carried out under the same conditions of measurement Note 1 to entry: Repeatability conditions include: — same measurement method; — same laboratory; — same measuring system, used under the same conditions; — same location; — repetition over a short period of time. Note 2 to entry: Repeatability can be expressed quantitatively in terms of the dispersion characteristics of the results. Note 3 to entry: In this European Standard the repeatability is expressed as a value with a level of confidence of 95 %. 3.27 repeatability in the field
closeness of the agreement between the results of simultaneous measurements of the same measurand carried out with two sets of equipment under the same conditions of measurement Note 1 to entry: These conditions include: — same measurement method; — two sets of equipment, the performances of which are fulfilling the requirements of the measurement
method, used under the same conditions; — same location; — implemented by the same laboratory; — typically calculated on short periods of time in order to avoid the effect of changes of influence
parameters (e.g. 30 min). Note 2 to entry: Repeatability can be expressed quantitatively in terms of the dispersion characteristics of the results. Note 3 to entry: In this European Standard, the repeatability under field conditions is expressed as a value with a level of confidence of 95 %. SIST EN 15058:2017
EN 15058:2017 (E) 12 3.28 reproducibility in the field
closeness of the agreement between the results of simultaneous measurements of the same measurand carried out with several sets of equipment under the same conditions of measurement Note 1 to entry: These conditions are called field reproducibility conditions and include: — same measurement method; — several sets of equipment, the performances of which are fulfilling the requirements of the
measurement method, used under the same conditions; — same location; — implemented by several laboratories. Note 2 to entry: Reproducibility can be expressed quantitatively in terms of the dispersion characteristics of the results. Note 3 to entry: In this European Standard, the reproducibility under field conditions is expressed as a value with a level of confidence of 95 %. 3.29 residence time in the measuring system time period for the sample gas to be transported from the inlet of the probe to the inlet of the measurement cell 3.30 uncertainty parameter associated with the result of a measurement, that characterises the dispersion of the values that could reasonably be attributed to the measurand 3.31 standard uncertainty u uncertainty of the result of a measurement expressed as a standard deviation 3.32 combined uncertainty uc standard uncertainty attached to the measurement result calculated by combination of several standard
uncertainties according to the principles laid down in ISO/IEC Guide 98-3 (GUM) 3.33 expanded uncertainty U quantity defining an interval about the result of a measurement that may be expected to encompass a large fraction of the distribution of values that could reasonably be attributed to the measurand cUku=× Note 1 to entry: In this European Standard, the expanded uncertainty is calculated with a coverage factor of k = 2, and with a level of confidence of 95 %.
Note 2 to entry:
The expression overall uncertainty is sometimes used to express the expanded uncertainty. SIST EN 15058:2017
EN 15058:2017 (E) 13 3.34 uncertainty budget calculation table combining all the sources of uncertainty according to EN ISO 14956 or ISO/IEC Guide 98-3 in order to calculate the combined uncertainty of the method at a specified value
...
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
oSIST prEN 15058:2014
01-januar-2015
(PLVLMHQHSUHPLþQLKYLURY'RORþHYDQMHPDVQHNRQFHQWUDFLMHRJOMLNRYHJD
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Stationary source emissions - Determination of the mass concentration of carbon
monoxide - Standard reference method: non-dispersive infrared spectrometry
Emissionen aus stationären Quellen - Bestimmung der Massenkonzentration von
Kohlenmonoxid - Standardreferenzverfahren: Nicht-dispersive Infrarotspektrometrie
Emissions de sources fixes - Détermination de la concentration massique de monoxyde
de carbone - Méthode de référence normalisée : spectrométrie infra-rouge non
dispersive
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: prEN 15058
ICS:
13.040.40 (PLVLMHQHSUHPLþQLKYLURY Stationary source emissions
oSIST prEN 15058:2014 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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oSIST prEN 15058:2014
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oSIST prEN 15058:2014
EUROPEAN STANDARD
DRAFT
prEN 15058
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
October 2014
ICS 13.040.40 Will supersede EN 15058:2006
English Version
Stationary source emissions - Determination of the mass
concentration of carbon monoxide - Standard reference method:
non-dispersive infrared spectrometry
Émissions de sources fixes - Détermination de la Emissionen aus stationären Quellen - Bestimmung der
concentration massique de monoxyde de carbone - Massenkonzentration von Kohlenmonoxid -
Méthode de référence normalisée : spectrométrie Standardreferenzverfahren: Nicht-dispersive
infrarouge non dispersive Infrarotspektrometrie
This draft European Standard is submitted to CEN members for enquiry. It has been drawn up by the Technical Committee CEN/TC 264.
If this draft becomes a European Standard, CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which
stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.
This draft European Standard was established by CEN in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language
made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,
Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United
Kingdom.
Recipients of this draft are invited to submit, with their comments, notification of any relevant patent rights of which they are aware and to
provide supporting documentation.
Warning : This document is not a European Standard. It is distributed for review and comments. It is subject to change without notice and
shall not be referred to as a European Standard.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels
© 2014 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. prEN 15058:2014 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
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oSIST prEN 15058:2014
prEN 15058:2014 (E)
Contents
Page
Foreword .3
1 Scope .4
2 Normative references .4
3 Terms and definitions .5
4 Principle .9
5 Description of the measuring system . 10
6 Performance characteristics of the SRM . 14
7 Suitability of the measuring system for the measurement task . 15
8 Field operation . 16
9 Ongoing quality control . 19
10 Expression of results . 20
11 Equivalency of an alternative method . 20
12 Test report . 21
Annex A (informative) Procedure of correction of data from drift effect . 22
Annex B (informative) Schematics of non-dispersive infrared spectrometer. 23
Annex C (informative) Example of assessment of compliance of non-dispersive infrared method
for CO with requirements on emission measurements . 25
Annex D (informative) Calculation of the uncertainty associated with a concentration expressed
on dry gas and at an oxygen reference concentration . 35
Annex E (informative) Evaluation of the method in the field . 39
Annex F (informative) Significant technical changes . 43
Bibliography . 44
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Foreword
This document (prEN 15058:2014) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 264 “Air quality”, the
secretariat of which is held by DIN.
This document is currently submitted to the CEN Enquiry.
This document will supersede EN 15058:2006.
Annex F provides details of significant technical changes between this document and the previous edition.
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1 Scope
This European Standard specifies the standard reference method (SRM) based on the infra-red (IR)
absorption principle. It includes the sampling and the gas conditioning system, and allows the determination of
the carbon monoxide CO in flue gases emitted to the atmosphere from ducts and stacks.
This European Standard specifies the characteristics to be determined and the performance criteria to be
fulfilled by measuring systems using the IR measurement method. It applies for periodic monitoring and for the
calibration or control of automatic measuring systems (AMS) permanently installed on a stack, for regulatory
or other purposes.
This European Standard specifies criteria for demonstration of equivalence of an alternative method (AM) to
the SRM by application of prEN 14793.
This European Standard has been validated during field tests on waste incineration, co-incineration and large
combustion plants and on a recognized test bench. It has been validated for CO concentrations with sampling
3 3 3
periods of 30 min in the range of 0 mg/m to 400 mg/m for large combustion plants and 0 mg/m to
3
740 mg/m for waste and co-incineration. Directive 2010/75/EC lays down emission values which are
3
expressed in mg/m , on dry basis at a specified value of oxygen and at standard conditions of 273 K and
101,3 kPa.
NOTE The characteristics of installations, the conditions during field tests and the values of repeatability and
reproducibility in the field are given in Annex A.
2 Normative references
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are
indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references,
the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
prEN 14793:2014, Stationary source emission – Demonstration of equivalence of an alternative method with a
reference method
EN 15259, Air quality – Measurement of stationary source emissions – Requirements for measurement
sections and sites and for the measurement objective, plan and report
EN 15267-3, Air quality – Certification of automated measuring systems – Part 3: Performance criteria and
test procedures for automated measuring systems for monitoring emissions from stationary sources
EN ISO 14956:2002, Air quality – Evaluation of the suitability of a measurement procedure by comparison
with a required measurement uncertainty (ISO 14956:2002)
ISO 5725-2, Accuracy (trueness and precision) of measurement methods and results – Part 2: Basic method
for the determination of repeatability and reproducibility of a standard measurement method
ISO 5725-6: Accuracy (trueness and precision) of measurement methods and results – Part 6: Use in practice
of accuracy values
ISO/IEC Guide 98-3:2008, Uncertainty of measurement — Part 3: Guide to the expression of uncertainty in
measurement (GUM:1995)
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3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1
adjustment of a measuring system
set of operations carried out on a measuring system so that it provides prescribed indications corresponding
to given values of a quantity to be measured
[SOURCE: JCGM 200:2012]
Note 1 to entry: The adjustment can be made directly on the instrument or using a suitable calculation procedure.
3.2
ambient temperature
temperature of the air around the measuring system
3.3
automated measuring system
AMS
measuring system permanently installed on site for continuous monitoring of emissions or measurement of
peripheral parameters
Note 1 to entry: An AMS is a method which is traceable to a reference method.
Note 2 to entry: Apart from the analyser, an AMS includes facilities for taking samples (e.g. probe, sample gas lines,
flow meters, regulators, delivery pumps) and for sample conditioning (e.g. dust filter, moisture removal devices,
converters, diluters). This definition also includes testing and adjusting devices that are required for regular functional
checks.
[SOURCE: FprEN 14181:2014]
3.4
calibration of an AMS
establishment of the statistical relationship between values of the measurand indicated by the automated
measuring system (AMS) and the corresponding values given by the standard reference method (SRM) used
during the same period of time and giving a representative measurement on the same measurement plane
Note 1 to entry: The result of calibration permits to establish the relationship between the values of the SRM and the
AMS (calibration function).
3.5
zero drift
difference between two zero readings at the beginning and at the end of a measuring period
3.6
span drift
difference between two span readings at the beginning and at the end of a measuring period
3.7
emission limit value
ELV
emission limit value according to EU Directives on the basis of 30 min, 1 hour or 1 day
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3.8
influence quantity
quantity that is not the measurand but that affects the result of the measurement
Note 1 to entry: Influence quantities are e.g. ambient temperature, atmospheric pressure, presence of interfering gases
in the flue gas matrix or pressure of the gas sample.
3.9
interference
negative or positive effect upon the response of the measuring system, due to a component of the sample that
is not the measurand
3.10
lack of fit
systematic deviation within the range of application between the measurement result obtained by applying the
calibration function to the observed response of the measuring system measuring test gases and the
corresponding accepted value of such test gases
Note 1 to entry: Lack of fit may be a function of the measurement result.
Note 2 to entry: The expression "lack of fit" is often replaced in everyday language by "linearity" or "deviation from
linearity".
3.11
measurand
quantity intended to be measured
[SOURCE: JCGM 200:2012]
3.12
measurement plane
plane normal to the centreline of the duct at the sampling position
Note 1 to entry: Measurement plane is also known as sampling plane.
[SOURCE: EN 15259:2007]
3.13
measurement point
position in the measurement plane at which the sample stream is extracted or the measurement data are
obtained directly
Note 1 to entry: Measurement point is also known as sampling point.
[SOURCE: EN 15259:2007]
3.14
measurement site
place on the waste gas duct in the area of the measurement plane(s) consisting of structures and technical
equipment, for example working platforms, measurement ports, energy supply
Note 1 to entry: Measurement site is also known as sampling site.
[SOURCE: EN 15259:2007]
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3.15
measuring system
set of one or more measuring instruments and often other devices, including any reagent and supply,
assembled and adapted to give information used to generate measured quantity values within specified
intervals for quantities of specified kinds
[SOURCE: JCGM 200:2012]
3.16
performance characteristic
one of the quantities (described by values, tolerances, range) assigned to equipment in order to define its
performance
3.17
repeatability in the laboratory
closeness of the agreement between the results of successive measurements of the same measurand carried
out under the same conditions of measurement
Note 1 to entry: Repeatability conditions include:
same measurement procedure;
same laboratory;
same measuring instrument, used under the same conditions;
same location;
repetition over a short period of time.
Note 2 to entry: Repeatability can be expressed quantitatively in terms of the dispersion characteristics of the results.
Note 3 to entry: In this European Standard the repeatability is expressed as a value with a level of confidence of 95 %.
3.18
repeatability in the field
closeness of the agreement between the results of simultaneous measurements of the same measurand
carried out with two sets of equipment under the same conditions of measurement
Note 1 to entry: These conditions include:
same measurement procedure;
two sets of equipment, the performances of which are fulfilling the requirements of the reference method, used under
the same conditions;
same location;
implemented by the same laboratory;
typically calculated on short periods of time in order to avoid the effect of changes of influence parameters
min).
(e.g. 30
Note 2 to entry: Repeatability can be expressed quantitatively in terms of the dispersion characteristics of the results.
Note 3 to entry: In this European Standard, the repeatability under field conditions is expressed as a value with a level
of confidence of 95 %.
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3.19
reproducibility in the field
closeness of the agreement between the results of simultaneous measurements of the same measurand
carried out with several sets of equipment under the same conditions of measurement
Note 1 to entry: These conditions are called field reproducibility conditions and include:
same measurement procedure;
several sets of equipment, the performances of which fulfil the requirements of the reference method, used under the
same conditions;
same location;
implemented by several laboratories.
Note 2 to entry: Reproducibility can be expressed quantitatively in terms of the dispersion characteristics of the results.
Note 3 to entry: In this European Standard, the reproducibility under field conditions is expressed as a value with a
level of confidence of 95 %.
3.20
residence time in the measuring system
time period for the sampled gas to be transported from the inlet of the probe to the inlet of the measurement
cell
3.21
response time
duration between the instant when an input quantity value of a measuring instrument or measuring system is
subjected to an abrupt change between two specified constant quantity values and the instant when a
corresponding indication settles within specified limits around its final steady value
Note 1 to entry: By convention time taken for the output signal to pass from 0 % to 90 % of the final change.
[SOURCE: JCGM 200:2012]
3.22
span gas
test gas used to adjust and check a specific point on the response line of the measuring system
Note 1 to entry: This concentration is often chosen around 80 % of the upper limit of the range.
3.23
reference method
RM
measurement method taken as a reference by convention, which gives the accepted reference value of the
measurand
Note 1 to entry: A reference method is fully described.
Note 2 to entry: A reference method can be a manual or an automated method.
Note 3 to entry: Alternative methods can be used if equivalence to the reference method has been demonstrated.
[SOURCE: EN 15259:2007]
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3.24
standard reference method
SRM
reference method prescribed by European or national legislation
[SOURCE: EN 15259:2007]
3.25
uncertainty
parameter associated with the result of a measurement, that characterises the dispersion of the values that
could reasonably be attributed to the measurand
3.26
standard uncertainty
u
uncertainty of the result of a measurement expressed as a standard deviation
3.27
combined uncertainty
u
c
standard uncertainty attached to the measurement result calculated by combination of several standard
uncertainties according to the principles laid down in ISO/IEC Guide 98-3 (GUM)
3.28
expanded uncertainty
U
quantity defining an interval about the result of a measurement that may be expected to encompass a large
fraction of the distribution of values that could reasonably be attributed to the measurand
U= k× u
Note 1 to entry: In this European Standard, the expanded uncertainty is calculated with a coverage factor of k = 2, and
with a level of confidence of 95 %.
Note 2 to entry: The expression overall uncertainty is sometimes used to express the expanded uncertainty.
3.29
uncertainty budget
calculation table combining all the sources of uncertainty according to EN ISO 14956 or ISO/IEC Guide 98-3
in order to calculate the combined uncertainty of the method at a specified value
4 Principle
4.1 General
This European Standard describes the standard reference method (SRM) for sampling, and determining the
carbon monoxide (CO) concentration in ducts and stacks emitted to atmosphere by means of an automatic
analyser using the IR absorption principle. The specific components and the requirements for the sampling
system and the IR analyser are described in Clause 6. A number of performance characteristics with
associated performance criteria are given for the analyser. These performance characteristics and the
combined uncertainty of the method shall meet the performance criteria given in this European Standard.
Requirements and recommendations for quality assurance and quality control are given for measurements in
the field (see Clause 9).
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4.2 Measuring principle
The attenuation of infrared light passing through a sample cell is a measure of the concentration of CO in the
cell, according to the Lambert-Beer law. Not only CO but also most hetero-atomic molecules absorb infrared
light, in particular water and CO have broad bands that can interfere with the measurement of CO. Different
2
technical solutions have been developed to suppress cross-sensitivity in order to design automatic monitoring
systems with acceptable performance.
measurements: gas
For example, the Non Dispersive Infra-Red (NDIR) method is suitable for CO
concentration is measured electro-optically by its absorption of a specific wavelength in the infrared (IR). The
IR light is directed through the sample chamber towards the detector. In parallel there is another chamber with
an enclosed reference gas, typically nitrogen. The detector has an optical filter in front of it that eliminates all
light except the wavelength that the selected gas molecules can absorb. Ideally other gas molecules do not
absorb light at this wavelength, and do not affect the amount of light reaching the detector to compensate for
interfering components. For instance, CO and H O often initiate cross sensitivity in the infrared spectrum.
2 2
Different technical solutions have been developed to suppress, cross-sensitivity, instability and drift in order to
design automatic monitoring systems with acceptable properties (e.g. Gas Filter Correlation technique).
Special attention shall be paid to IR radiation absorbing-gases such as water vapour, carbon dioxide, nitrous
oxide and hydrocarbons.
IR analysers are combined with an extractive sampling system and a gas conditioning system. A sample of
gas is taken from the stack with a sampling probe and conveyed to the analyser through the measurement
line and gas conditioning system. The values from the analyser are recorded and/or stored by means of
electronic data processing.
The concentration of CO is measured in volume/volume units (if the analyser is calibrated using a
volume/volume standard). The final results for reporting are expressed in milligrams per cubic meter using
standard conversion factors (see Clause 10).
5 Description of the measuring system
5.1 General on sampling and sample gas conditioning systems
A volume is extracted from the flue gas for a fixed period of time at a controlled flow rate. The sampling
system consists of:
a sampling probe;
a filter;
a sampling line;
a conditioning system.
A filter removes the dust in the sampled volume before the sample is conditioned and passes to the analyser.
Three different sampling and conditioning configurations can be used in order to avoid the water condensation
in the measuring system. These configurations are:
Configuration 1: removal of water vapour by condensation using a cooling system;
Configuration 2: removal of water vapour through elimination using a permeation drier;
Configuration 3: dilution with dry, clean, ambient air or nitrogen of the gas to be characterized;
Configuration 4: maintaining the temperature of the measurement line up to the heated analyser.
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It is important that all parts of the sampling equipment upstream of the analyser are made of materials that do
not react with or absorb CO. The temperature of its components coming into contact with the gas shall be
maintained at a sufficiently high temperature to avoid any condensation and alter the gas composition.
Conditions and layout of the sampling equipment contribute to the combined uncertainty of the measurement.
In order to minimise this contribution to the combined measurement uncertainty, performance criteria for the
sampling equipment and sampling conditions are given in 5.2 and in Clause 6.
Some other conditioning systems may exist and could be acceptable, provided they fulfil the requirements of
this European Standard and have been validated with success during the certification process. For example,
some systems put gas in depression using a simple Sonic nozzle in the collection probe in order to create a
partial vacuum (between 50 hPa absolute and 100 hPa absolute) so that the head of collection and the
measurement line does not need to be heated and water vapour condensation is avoided.
5.2 Sampling system
5.2.1 Sampling probe
In order to reach the measurement point(s) of the measurement plane, probes of different lengths and inner
diameters may be used. The design and configuration of the probe used shall ensure the residence time of
the sample gas within the probe is minimised in order to reduce the response time of the measuring system.
NOTE 1 The probe may be marked before sampling in order to demonstrate that the measurement point(s) in the
measurement plane has (has) been reached.
NOTE 2 A seal-able connection may be installed on the probe in order to introduce test gases for adjustment.
5.2.2 Filter
The filter and filter holder shall be made of an inert material (e.g. ceramic or sinter metal filter with an
appropriate pore size). It shall be heated above the sample dew point temperature. The particle filter shall be
changed or cleaned periodically depending on the dust loading at the measurement site.
NOTE Overloading of the particle filter may increase the pressure drop in the measurement line.
5.2.3 Sampling line
The sampling line shall be heated up to the conditioning system. It shall be made of a suitable corrosion
resistant material (e.g. stainless steel, borosilicate glass, ceramic or titanium could be used; PTFE is only
suitable for flue gas temperature lower than 200 °C).
NOTE Excessive temperature should be avoided because it might alter the flue gas characteristics.
5.2.4 Conditioning system
5.2.4.1 Sample cooler (configuration 1)
A dew-point temperature of 4 °C shall not be exceeded at the outlet of the sample cooler.
NOTE The concentrations, provided by this sampling configuration, are considered to be given on dry basis.
However, the results may be corrected for the remaining water vapour (refer to the table of Annex B in EN 14790).
5.2.4.2 Permeation drier (configuration 2)
The permeation drier is used before the gas enters the analyser in order to separate water vapour from the
flue gas. A dew-point temperature of 4 °C shall not be exceeded at the outlet of the permeation drier.
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Due to ammonium-salt deposition on the permeation tube, the permeation system cannot be used when NH
3
is present.
NOTE The concentrations, provided by this sampling configuration, are considered to be given on dry basis.
However, the results may be corrected for the remaining water vapour (refer to the table of Annex B in EN 14790).
5.2.4.3 Dilution system (configuration 3)
The dilution technique is an alternative to hot gas monitoring or sample gas drying. The flue gas is diluted with
dry, clean, ambient air or nitrogen. The dilution gas shall be dry and free from nitrogen oxides. The dilution
ratio shall be chosen according to the objectives of the measurement and shall be compatible with the range
of the analytical unit. It shall remain constant through the period of the test. The water dew point shall be
reduced so to avoid the risks of condensation. The dew point temperature at the outlet of the analyser shall be
determined in order to correct the results and give them on a dry basis (refer to the table of Annex B of
EN 14790) if the dew-point temperature is higher than 4 °C.
NOTE Analysers that are used in combination with dilution probes work with measuring ranges, which are typical for
3 3 3 3 3
ambient air analysers (0 mg/m – 1 mg/m – 5 mg/m – 10 mg/m – 25 mg/m ).
5.2.4.4 Heated line and heated analyser (configuration 4)
To avoid condensation, the user shall maintain the temperature of the sampling line up to the measuring cell
above the dew point temperature. The parts in contact with the gas shall be heated.
The concentrations are given on wet basis and shall be corrected so that they are expressed on dry basis.
The correction shall be made from the water vapour concentration measured in the flue gases and the
uncertainty attached to this correction shall be added to the uncertainty budget (see Clause 7).
5.2.5 Sample pump
When a pump is not an integral part of the analyser, an external pump is necessary to draw the sampled air
through the apparatus. It shall be capable of operating according to the specified flow requirements of the
manufacturer of the analyser and pressure conditions required for the reaction chamber. The pump shall be
resistant to corrosion and consistent with the requirements of the analyser to which it is connected.
NOTE The quantity of sample gas required can vary between 15 l/h and 500 I/h, depending upon the analyser and
the expected response time.
5.2.6 Secondary filter
The secondary filter is used to separate fine dust, with a pore size of 1 µm to 2 µm. For ex
...
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