SIST-TP CEN/TR 15316-6-4:2018

Energy performance of buildings - Method for calculation of system energy requirements and system efficiencies - Part 6-4: Explanation and justification of EN 15316-4-1, Module M3-8-1, M8-8-1

This Technical Report (CEN/TR 15316-6-4) specifies details for EN 15316-4-1 and gives additional information for the application of EN 15316-4-1.

Heizungsanlagen und Wasserbasierte Kühlanlagen in Gebäuden - Verfahren zur Berechnung der Energieanforderungen und Nutzungsgrade der Anlagen - Teil 6-4: Begleitender TR zur EN 15316-4-1 (Wärmeerzeugung für die Raumheizung und Trinkwarmwasser, Verbrennungssysteme (Heizungskessel, Biomasse))

Performance énergétique des bâtiments - Méthode de calcul des besoins énergétiques et des rendements des systèmes - Partie 6-4 : Explication et justification de l'EN 15316-4-1, Module M3-8-1, M8-8-1

Le présent Rapport technique fait référence à l’EN 15316 4 1.
Il contient des informations permettant d’assurer une compréhension, une utilisation et une adaptation nationale correctes de la norme EN 15316 4 1.

Energijske lastnosti stavb - Metoda za izračun energijskih zahtev in učinkovitosti sistema - 6-4. del: Razlaga in utemeljitev EN 15316-4-1 - Modula M3-8-1 in M8-8-1

To tehnično poročilo (CEN/TR 15316-6-4) določa podrobnosti za standard EN 15316-4-1 in podaja dodatne informacije za uporabo standarda EN 15316-4-1.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Public Enquiry End Date: 09-Jan-2017
• Publication Date: 18-Apr-2018
• ICS: 91.140.10 - Central heating systems
• ICS: 91.140.65 - Water heating equipment
• Technical Committee: OGS - Heating for buildings
• Current Stage: 6060 - National Implementation/Publication (Adopted Project)
• Start Date: 05-Apr-2018
• Due Date: 10-Jun-2018
• Completion Date: 19-Apr-2018
• Directive: 2010/31/EU - Directive 2010/31/eu of the European Parliament and of the Council of 19 May 2010 on the energy performance of buildings (recast)
• Mandate: M/480 - Mandate to CEN, CENELEC and ETSI for the elaboration and adoption of standards for a methodology calculating the integrated energy performance of buildings and promoting the energy efficiency of buildings, in accordance with the terms set in the recast of the Directive on the energy performance buildings (2010/31/EU)
• Ref Project: CEN/TR 15316-6-4:2017 - Energy performance of buildings - Method for calculation of system energy requirements and system efficiencies - Part 6-4: Explanation and justification of EN 15316-4-1, Module M3-8-1, M8-8-1

Standards Content (Sample)

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST-TP CEN/TR 15316-6-4:2018
01-maj-2018
(QHUJLMVNHODVWQRVWLVWDYE0HWRGD]DL]UDþXQHQHUJLMVNLK]DKWHYLQXþLQNRYLWRVWL
VLVWHPDGHO5D]ODJDLQXWHPHOMLWHY(10RGXOD0LQ0
Energy performance of buildings - Method for calculation of system energy requirements
and system efficiencies - Part 6-4: Explanation and justification of EN 15316-4-1, Module
M3-8-1, M8-8-1
Heizungsanlagen und Wasserbasierte Kühlanlagen in Gebäuden - Verfahren zur
Berechnung der Energieanforderungen und Nutzungsgrade der Anlagen - Teil 6-4:
Begleitender TR zur EN 15316-4-1 (Wärmeerzeugung für die Raumheizung und
Trinkwarmwasser, Verbrennungssysteme (Heizungskessel, Biomasse))
Performance énergétique des bâtiments - Méthode de calcul des besoins énergétiques
et des rendements des systèmes - Partie 6-4 : Explication et justification de l'EN 15316-4
-1, Module M3-8-1, M8-8-1
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: CEN/TR 15316-6-4:2017
ICS:
91.140.10 Sistemi centralnega Central heating systems
ogrevanja
91.140.65 Oprema za ogrevanje vode Water heating equipment
SIST-TP CEN/TR 15316-6-4:2018 en
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

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SIST-TP CEN/TR 15316-6-4:2018

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SIST-TP CEN/TR 15316-6-4:2018


CEN/TR 15316-6-4
TECHNICAL REPORT

RAPPORT TECHNIQUE

April 2017
TECHNISCHER BERICHT
ICS 91.120.10; 91.140.10; 91.140.65
English Version

Energy performance of buildings - Method for calculation
of system energy requirements and system efficiencies -
Part 6-4: Explanation and justification of EN 15316-4-1,
Module M3-8-1, M8-8-1
Performance énergétique des bâtiments - Méthode de Heizungsanlagen und Wasserbasierte Kühlanlagen in
calcul des besoins énergétiques et des rendements des Gebäuden - Verfahren zur Berechnung der
systèmes - Partie 6-4 : Explication et justification de Energieanforderungen und Nutzungsgrade der
l'EN 15316-4-1, Module M3-8-1, M8-8-1 Anlagen - Teil 6-4: Begleitender TR zur EN 15316-4-1
(Wärmeerzeugung für die Raumheizung und
Trinkwarmwasser, Verbrennungssysteme
(Heizungskessel, Biomasse))


This Technical Report was approved by CEN on 27 February 2017. It has been drawn up by the Technical Committee CEN/TC
228.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,
Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland,
Turkey and United Kingdom.





EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION

EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG

CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels
© 2017 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. CEN/TR 15316-6-4:2017 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

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CEN/TR 15316-6-4:2017 (E)
Contents Page
European foreword . 4
Introduction . 5
1 Scope . 7
2 Normative references . 7
3 Terms and definitions . 7
3.1 Terms . 7
3.2 Symbols . 7
3.3 Abbreviations and indices . 7
4 Description of the method . 7
4.1 Output of the method . 7
4.1.1 Description . 7
4.1.2 Example . 8
4.2 General description of the method . 9
4.3 Input data . 9
4.3.1 Description . 9
4.3.2 Example . 13
4.4 Boundaries between distribution and generation sub-system . 13
4.5 Default values . 15
4.5.1 Default values for generator efficiency at full load and intermediate load as a
function of the generator power output . 15
4.5.2 Default value for the stand-by heat losses f gen;ls;P0 as a function of the generator power
output . 16
4.5.3 Auxiliary energy . 16
4.6 Product values . 17
4.7 Measured values . 17
4.7.1 Boiler efficiencies from measured values . 17
4.7.2 Measured total thermal losses, power input and calculated gains . 18
4.7.3 Additional default data and calculation for condensing boilers . 18
4.7.4 Thermal losses through the chimney with the burner on at full load fch;on . 20
4.7.5 Thermal losses through the generator envelope fgen;env . 20
4.7.6 Thermal losses through the chimney with the burner off fch;off . 21
4.8 Boiler rated output . 21
5 Generation sub-system basic energy balance . 21
5.1 Heat balance . 21
5.2 Expenditure factor . 22
5.3 Fuel heat input . 23
5.3.1 Description . 23
5.3.2 Example . 23
5.4 Generator auxiliary energy . 24
5.4.1 Description . 24
5.4.2 Example . 24
5.5 Generator losses . 24
5.5.1 Generator loss . 24
5.5.2 Generator thermal loss at specific load ratio βH;gen and power output PPx . 24
5.5.3 Generator thermal loss calculation at full load . 25
2

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5.5.4 Generator thermal loss calculation at intermediate load . 27
5.5.5 Generator thermal loss calculation at 0 % load . 28
5.5.6 Correction factor by additional tests . 29
5.6 Recoverable thermal losses . 29
5.6.1 general . 29
5.6.2 Generator thermal losses through the jacket (generator envelope) . 30
5.6.3 Recoverable thermal losses out of auxiliary energy . 30
5.7 Recovered auxiliary energy . 31
5.7.1 Description . 31
5.7.2 Example . 31
5.8 Auxiliary energy . 32
5.8.1 Description . 32
5.8.2 Example . 32
5.9 Generator thermal output . 33
5.10 Heating time and load factor . 33
5.11 Direct heated DHW heaters . 34
5.11.1 Instantaneous electrical water heater . 34
5.11.2 Instantaneous gas water heater . 34
5.11.3 Gas-fired domestic storage water heaters . 34
5.12 Method for domestic hot water appliance, tested with 24 hours tapping cyclies . 37
Annex A (informative) Additional formulas and default values for parametering the boiler
efficiency method . 39
A.1 Information on the method . 39
A.2 Conversion of the energy content of energy carriers . 45
A.3 Deviation from default values . 45
A.4 Fuel constants for flue gas measurement depending on Siegert constants . 45
A.5 Default values for calculation of thermal losses through the chimney with the burner
off . 47
A.6 Additional default data and calculation for condensing boilers . 48
A.7 Additional default data for generator output and losses . 49
A.8 Additional default data and calculation for water heaters. 49
Annex B (informative) Additional formulas and default values for parametering the boiler
efficiency method . 50
B.1 Information on the method . 50
B.2 Conversion of the energy content of energy carriers . 57
B.3 Deviaton from default values . 57
B.4 Fuel constants for flue gas measurement depending on Siegert constants . 57
B.5 Default values for calculation of thermal losses through the chimney with the burner
off . 59
B.6 Additional default data and calculation for condensing boilers . 59
B.7 Additional default data for generator output and losses . 61
B.8 Additional default data and calculation for water heaters. 62
Annex C (informative) General part default values and information - Boundary condition for
DHW . 63
Bibliography . 64

3

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European foreword
This document (CEN/TR 15316-6-4:2017) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 228
“Heating systems and water based cooling systems in buildings”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent
rights.
This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the
European Free Trade Association.
4

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Introduction
This document informs about EN 15316-4-1 as a part of a series of standards aimed at European
harmonization of the methodology for the calculation of the energy performance of buildings.
A huge amount of informative contents needs indeed to be recorded and made available for users to
properly understand, apply and nationally adapt the EPB standards.
The set of EPB standards, Technical Reports and supporting tools
In order to facilitate the necessary overall consistency and coherence, in terminology, approach,
input/output relations and formats, for the whole set of EPB-standards, the following documents and
tools are available:
a) a document with basic principles to be followed in drafting EPB-standards: CEN/TS 16628:2014,
Energy Performance of Buildings - Basic Principles for the set of EPB standards [1];
b) a document with detailed technical rules to be followed in drafting EPB-standards;
CEN/TS 16629:2014, Energy Performance of Buildings - Detailed Technical Rules for the set of
EPB-standards [2];
c) the detailed technical rules are the basis for the following tools:
1) a common template for each EPB-standard, including specific drafting instructions for the
relevant clauses;
2) a common template for each technical report that accompanies an EPB standard or a cluster of
EPB standards, including specific drafting instructions for the relevant clauses;
3) a common template for the spreadsheet that accompanies each EPB standard, to demonstrate
the correctness of the EPB calculation procedures.
Each EPB-standards follows the basic principles and the detailed technical rules and relates to the
overarching EPB-standard, EN ISO 52000-1 [3].
One of the main purposes of the revision of the EPB-standards is to enable that laws and regulations
directly refer to the EPB-standards and make compliance with them compulsory. This requires that the
set of EPB-standards consists of a systematic, clear, comprehensive and unambiguous set of energy
performance procedures. The number of options provided is kept as low as possible, taking into
account national and regional differences in climate, culture and building tradition, policy and legal
frameworks (subsidiarity principle). For each option, an informative default option is provided
(Annex B).
Rationale behind the EPB Technical Reports
There is a risk that the purpose and limitations of the EPB standards will be misunderstood, unless the
background and context to their contents – and the thinking behind them – is explained in some detail
to readers of the standards. Consequently, various types of informative contents are recorded and made
available for users to properly understand, apply and nationally or regionally implement the EPB
standards.
If this explanation would have been attempted in the standards themselves, the result is likely to be
confusing and cumbersome, especially if the standards are implemented or referenced in national or
regional building codes.
5

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Therefore, each EPB standard is accompanied by an informative technical report, like this one, where all
informative content is collected, to ensure a clear separation between normative and informative
contents (see CEN/TS 16629 [2]):
— to avoid flooding and confusing the actual normative part with informative content;
— to reduce the page count of the actual standard; and
— to facilitate understanding of the set of EPB standards.
This was also one of the main recommendations from the European CENSE project [5] that laid the
foundation for the preparation of the set of EPB standards.
EN 15316-4-1 is intended to replace EN 15316-4-1:2008 and includes Domestic hot water systems,
generation (former EN 15316-3-3) and biomass boilers (former EN 15316-4-7:2008) in this standard
published in 2007-2008 under the mandate M/343 on the EPBD. This revision was required as a result
of the EPBD recast (2010/31/EU).The set of standards developed under mandate M/343 will be revised
to become consistent with the overarching standard under mandate M/480.
The typology method has been removed, the boiler cycling method has been added for existing boilers
to get the input parameters for the case specific boiler efficiency method.
Other generation systems are covered in other sub modules of part M3-8 (see Figure 1).
6

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1 Scope
This Technical Report refers to EN 15316-4-1.
It contains information to support the correct understanding, use and national adaption of standard
EN 15316-4-1.
2 Normative references
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are
indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated
references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
EN 89, Gas-fired storage water heaters for the production of domestic hot water
EN 13203-2, Gas-fired domestic appliances producing hot water - Part 2: Assessment of energy
consumption
EN 15316-4-1:2017, Energy performance of buildings - Method for calculation of system energy
requirements and system efficiencies - Part 4-1: Space heating and DHW generation systems, combustion
systems (boilers, biomass), Module M3-8-1, M8-8-1
EN ISO 13790, Energy performance of buildings - Calculation of energy use for space heating and cooling
(ISO 13790)
EN ISO 52000-1:2017, Energy performance of buildings - Overarching EPB assessment - Part 1: General
framework and procedures (ISO 52000-1:2017)
3 Terms and definitions, symbols, abbreviations and indices
3.1 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN ISO 52000-1:2017 and
EN 15316-4-1:2017 apply.
3.2 Symbols
For the purposes of this document, the symbols and indices given in EN ISO 52000-1:2017 and the
symbols and units given in EN 15316-4-1:2017 apply.
3.3 Abbreviations and indices
For the purposes of this document, the abbreviations and indices given in EN ISO 52000-1:2017 and the
indices given in EN 15316-4-1:2017 apply.
4 Description of the method
4.1 Output of the method
4.1.1 Description
The calculation of the values takes place basically for the zones defined in EN ISO 13790.
If a number of parts of systems are contained in the various process domains then the values are to be
added together for further analysis.
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Here it is to be taken into account that the heating data are to be related to the gross calorific value.
In the following sections the thermal and auxiliary energy components of the different process domains
are determined for further analysis in ISO/CD 11368.
For output quantities, see Table 1.
Table 1 — Output quantities
Calculation
clause of Validity Destination
Description Symbol Unit Varying
EN 15316-4- interval module
1:2017
Fuel heat input E kWh see 6.3 0…∞ M 3–1 YES
gen;in
Recoverable generation heat losses for
heating system (in the calculation Q kWh see 6.6 0…∞ M 3–1 YES
gen;ls;rbl
interval)
generation heat losses (in the calculation
Q kWh see 6.5 0…∞ M 3–1 YES
gen;ls;
interval)
Expenditure factor of the generator for
εgen - see 6.2 1 - 10 M 3–1 YES
the whole service
Expenditure factor of the generator for
εH;gen - see 6.2 2 - 10 M 3–1 YES
heating
Expenditure factor of the generator for
ε - see 6.2 3 - 10 M 3–1 YES
C;gen
cooling
Expenditure factor of the generator for
ε - see 6.2 4 - 10 M 3–1 YES
V;gen
ventilation
Expenditure factor of the generator for
ε - see 6.2 5 - 10 M 3–1 YES
W;gen
DHW
heat generation auxiliary energy for the
heating system (in the calculation W kWh see 6.4 0…∞ M 3–1 YES
gen,
interval)
Fuel type  List  not relevant M 3–1 NO
4.1.2 Example
Table 2 — Example for output quantities
Description Symbol Value
Fuel heat requirement Egen;in 99 443 kWh = 357,995 GJ
Recoverable heat loss Qgen;ls;rbl 408 kWh = 1,468 GJ
Total generation heat loss Q 1 574 kWh = 5,667 GJ
gen;ls
Auxiliary consumption Wgen 524,34 kWh = 1,888 GJ
expenditure factor of the generator

 for the whole service ε 0,99
gen
 for heating εH;gen 0,99
ε
C;gen
 for cooling 0,00
εV;gen
 for ventilation 0,00
 for DHW εW;gen 0,00
8

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4.2 General description of the method
The calculation method of the generation sub-system takes into account heat losses and/or recovery
due to the following physical factors:
— heat losses to the chimney (or flue gas exhaust) and the generator(s) during total time of generator
operation (running and stand-by);
— auxiliary energy.
The calculation is independent from the time steps.
There are a basic calculation for
— boilers at all (EN 15316-4-1:2017, Clause 6.);
— direct heated domestic hot water heaters (EN 15316-4-1:2017, 6.11) and
— domestic hot water appliance tested with 24 h tapping cycles (EN 15316-4-1:2017, 6.12).
There are three possible inputs for the generation efficiency calculation:
— default values (EN 15316-4-1:2017, 5.5);
— product values (EN 15316-4-1:2017, 5.6);
— measured values (EN 15316-4-1:2017, 5.7).
Default values are given in Annex B.
Product values by the manufactures should be tested according to the appropriated European Standard
(see Bibliography).
Measured values are for existing boilers, condensing boilers and on-site inspection (see 5.6).
Here it is to be taken into account that the heating data are to be related to the gross calorific value.
4.3 Input data
4.3.1 Description
Input quantities from other parts of the heating system standards, see Table 3.
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Table 3 — Input quantities
Validity Destination
Description Symbol Unit Varying
interval module
Fuel type GEN_FUEL List not relevant M 3–4, M 8–4 NO
Generator Type GEN_TYP List not relevant M 3–4, M 8–4 NO
Burner type GEN_BURN List not relevant M 3–4, M 8–4 NO
Boiler location TH_ZONE List not relevant M 3–4, M 8–4 NO
HEAT_GEN_CT
M 3–4, M 8–4
Type of control RL List not relevant NO
GEN_CIRC_TYP
M 3–4, M 8–4
Generation circuit typology OL List not relevant NO
number of dwellings within a building N - 0…∞ M 3–1 YES
flat
number of peak tappings per day nSp - 0…∞ M 3–1 YES
Heat load Φ kW 0…∞ M 3–3 YES
h
Rated output for cooling system Pn,C kW 0…∞ M 4–3 YES
Rated output for ventilation system P kW 0…∞ M 5–3 YES
n,V
Rated output for DHW system Pn,W kW 0…∞ M 8–3 YES
Heat input to the heating distribution
M 3–6,
system (in the respective time) QH,dis;in kWh 0…∞ Yes
Heat input to the cooling distribution
M 4–6
system (in the respective time) Q kWh 0…∞ YES
C,dis;in
Heat input to the ventilation distribution
M 5–6,
system (in the respective time) Q kWh 0…∞ YES
V,dis;in
daily energy need for domestic hot water, QW,b,d kWh 0…∞ M 8–6 YES
Heat input to the domestic hot water
distribution system (in the respective M 8–6
time) QW,dis;in kWh 0…∞ YES
Usage period for heating (in the
M 3–4, M 8–4
calculation interval), tH;use h or d 0…8760 YES
Usage period for cooling (in the
M 4–4
calculation interval) t h or d 0…8760 YES
C;use
Usage period for ventilation (in the
M 5–4
calculation interval) t h or d 0…8760 YES
V;use
Usage period for domestic hot water (in
M 8–4
the calculation interval) tW;use h or d 0…8760 YES
Running time for heating (in the s/h or M 3–4, M 8–4,
calculation interval) tH h/mth 0…3600 EN ISO 13790 YES
Running time for cooling system – when s/h or
M 3–4, M 8–4
connected tC h/mth 0…3600 YES
Running time for ventilation system – s/h or
M 3–4, M 8–4
when connected t h/mth 0…3600 YES
V
Running time for DHW system – when s/h or
M 3–4, M 8–4
connected t h/mth 0…3600 YES
W
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CEN/TR 15316-6-4:2017 (E)
Validity Destination
Description Symbol Unit Varying
interval module
see external climate
External air temperature ϑe °C −30 . . +30 data, M 3–4, M 8–4 YES
see external climate
...

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
kSIST-TP FprCEN/TR 15316-6-4:2016
01-december-2016
[Not translated]
Energy performance of buildings - Method for calculation of system energy requirements
and system efficiencies - Part 6-4: Explanation and justification of EN 15316-4-1, Module
M3-8-1, M8-8-1
Heizungsanlagen und Wasserbasierte Kühlanlagen in Gebäuden - Verfahren zur
Berechnung der Energieanforderungen und Nutzungsgrade der Anlagen - Teil 6-4:
Begleitender TR zur EN 15316-4-1 (Wärmeerzeugung für die Raumheizung und
Trinkwarmwasser, Verbrennungssysteme (Heizungskessel, Biomasse))
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: FprCEN/TR 15316-6-4
ICS:
91.120.10 Toplotna izolacija stavb Thermal insulation of
buildings
91.140.10 Sistemi centralnega Central heating systems
ogrevanja
kSIST-TP FprCEN/TR 15316-6-4:2016 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

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kSIST-TP FprCEN/TR 15316-6-4:2016

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kSIST-TP FprCEN/TR 15316-6-4:2016


FINAL DRAFT
TECHNICAL REPORT
FprCEN/TR 15316-6-4
RAPPORT TECHNIQUE

TECHNISCHER BERICHT

November 2016
ICS 91.120.10; 91.140.10; 91.140.65
English Version

Energy performance of buildings - Method for calculation
of system energy requirements and system efficiencies -
Part 6-4: Explanation and justification of EN 15316-4-1,
Module M3-8-1, M8-8-1
Performance énergétique des bâtiments - Méthode de Heizungsanlagen und Wasserbasierte Kühlanlagen in
calcul des besoins énergétiques et des rendements des Gebäuden - Verfahren zur Berechnung der
systèmes - Partie 6-4 : Explication et justification de Energieanforderungen und Nutzungsgrade der
l'EN 15316-4-1, Module M3-8-1, M8-8-1 Anlagen - Teil 6-4: Begleitender TR zur EN 15316-4-1
(Wärmeerzeugung für die Raumheizung und
Trinkwarmwasser, Verbrennungssysteme
(Heizungskessel, Biomasse))


This draft Technical Report is submitted to CEN members for Vote. It has been drawn up by the Technical Committee CEN/TC
228.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,
Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and
United Kingdom.

Recipients of this draft are invited to submit, with their comments, notification of any relevant patent rights of which they are
aware and to provide supporting documentation.

Warning : This document is not a Technical Report. It is distributed for review and comments. It is subject to change without
notice and shall not be referred to as a Technical Report.


EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION

EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG

CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels
© 2016 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. FprCEN/TR 15316-6-4:2016 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

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Contents Page
European foreword . 5
Introduction . 6
1 Scope . 8
2 Normative references . 8
3 Terms and definitions . 8
3.1 Terms . 8
3.2 Symbols . 8
3.3 Abbreviations and indices . 8
4 Description of the method . 8
4.1 Output of the method . 8
4.1.1 Description . 8
4.1.2 Example . 9
4.2 General description of the method . 10
4.3 Input data . 10
4.3.1 Description . 10
4.3.2 Example . 14
4.4 Boundaries between distribution and generation sub-system . 14
4.5 Default values . 16
4.5.1 Default values for generator efficiency at full load and intermediate load as a
function of the generator power output . 16
4.5.2 Default value for the stand-by heat losses f as a function of the generator
gen;ls;P0
power output . 17
4.5.3 Auxiliary energy . 18
4.6 Product values . 19
4.7 Measured values . 19
4.7.1 Boiler efficiencies from measured values . 19
4.7.2 Measured total thermal losses, power input and calculated gains . 19
4.7.3 Additional default data and calculation for condensing boilers . 20
4.7.4 Thermal losses through the chimney with the burner on at full load f . 21
ch;on
4.7.5 Thermal losses through the generator envelope f . 22
gen;env
4.7.6 Thermal losses through the chimney with the burner off f . 22
ch;off
4.8 Boiler rated output . 22
5 Generation sub-system basic energy balance . 23
5.1 Heat balance . 23
5.2 Expenditure factor . 24
5.3 Fuel heat input . 25
5.3.1 Description . 25
5.3.2 Example . 25
5.4 Generator auxiliary energy . 25
5.4.1 Description . 25
5.4.2 Example . 26
5.5 Generator losses . 26
5.5.1 Generator loss . 26
5.5.2 Generator thermal loss at specific load ratio βH;gen and power output PPx . 26
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5.5.3 Generator thermal loss calculation at full load . 27
5.5.4 Generator thermal loss calculation at intermediate load . 29
5.5.5 Generator thermal loss calculation at 0 % load . 30
5.5.6 Correction factor by additional tests . 31
5.6 Recoverable thermal losses . 31
5.6.1 general . 31
5.6.2 Generator thermal losses through the jacket (generator envelope) . 32
5.6.3 Recoverable thermal losses out of auxiliary energy . 32
5.7 Recovered auxiliary energy . 33
5.7.1 Description . 33
5.7.2 Example . 33
5.8 Auxiliary energy . 34
5.8.1 Description . 34
5.8.2 Example . 34
5.9 Generator thermal output . 34
5.10 Heating time and load factor . 35
5.11 Direct heated DHW heaters . 36
5.11.1 Instantaneous electrical water heater . 36
5.11.2 Instantaneous gas water heater . 36
5.11.3 Gas-fired domestic storage water heaters . 36
5.12 Method for domestic hot water appliance, tested with 24 hours tapping cyclies . 38
Annex A (informative) Additional formulas and default values for parametering the boiler
efficiency method . 40
A.1 Information on the method . 40
A.2 Conversion of the energy content of energy carriers . 46
A.3 Deviation from default values . 46
A.4 Fuel constants for flue gas measurement depending on Siegert constants . 46
A.5 Default values for calculation of thermal losses through the chimney with the burner
off . 48
A.6 Additional default data and calculation for condensing boilers . 49
A.7 Additional default data for generator output and losses . 50
A.8 Additional default data and calculation for water heaters. 50
Annex B (informative) Additional formulas and default values for parametering the boiler
efficiency method . 51
B.1 Information on the method . 51
B.2 Conversion of the energy content of energy carriers . 58
B.3 Deviaton from default values . 58
B.4 Fuel constants for flue gas measurement depending on Siegert constants . 58
B.5 Default values for calculation of thermal losses through the chimney with the burner
off . 60
B.6 Additional default data and calculation for condensing boilers . 60
B.7 Additional default data for generator output and losses . 62
B.8 Additional default data and calculation for water heaters. 63
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Annex C (informative) General part default values and information - Boundary condition
for DHW . 64
Bibliography . 65

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European foreword
This document (FprCEN/TR 15316-6-4:2016) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 228
“Heating systems and water based cooling systems in buildings”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN.
This document is currently submitted to the Vote on TR.
This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the
European Free Trade Association.
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Introduction
This document informs about FprEN 15316-4-1 as a part of a series of standards aimed at European
harmonization of the methodology for the calculation of the energy performance of buildings.
A huge amount of informative contents needs indeed to be recorded and made available for users to
properly understand, apply and nationally adapt the EPB standards
The set of EPB standards, technical reports and supporting tools
In order to facilitate the necessary overall consistency and coherence, in terminology, approach,
input/output relations and formats, for the whole set of EPB-standards, the following documents and
tools are available:
a) a document with basic principles to be followed in drafting EPB-standards: CEN/TS 16628:2014,
Energy Performance of Buildings - Basic Principles for the set of EPB standards [1];
b) a document with detailed technical rules to be followed in drafting EPB-standards;
CEN/TS 16629:2014, Energy Performance of Buildings - Detailed Technical Rules for the set of
EPB-standards [2];
c) the detailed technical rules are the basis for the following tools:
1) a common template for each EPB-standard, including specific drafting instructions for the
relevant clauses;
2) a common template for each technical report that accompanies an EPB standard or a cluster of
EPB standards, including specific drafting instructions for the relevant clauses;
3) a common template for the spreadsheet that accompanies each EPB standard, to demonstrate
the correctness of the EPB calculation procedures.
Each EPB-standards follows the basic principles and the detailed technical rules and relates to the
overarching EPB-standard, prEN ISO 52000-1 [3].
One of the main purposes of the revision of the EPB-standards is to enable that laws and regulations
directly refer to the EPB-standards and make compliance with them compulsory. This requires that the
set of EPB-standards consists of a systematic, clear, comprehensive and unambiguous set of energy
performance procedures. The number of options provided is kept as low as possible, taking into
account national and regional differences in climate, culture and building tradition, policy and legal
frameworks (subsidiarity principle). For each option, an informative default option is provided
(Annex B).
Rationale behind the EPB technical reports
There is a risk that the purpose and limitations of the EPB standards will be misunderstood, unless the
background and context to their contents – and the thinking behind them – is explained in some detail
to readers of the standards. Consequently, various types of informative contents are recorded and made
available for users to properly understand, apply and nationally or regionally implement the EPB
standards.
If this explanation would have been attempted in the standards themselves, the result is likely to be
confusing and cumbersome, especially if the standards are implemented or referenced in national or
regional building codes.
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Therefore, each EPB standard is accompanied by an informative technical report, like this one, where all
informative content is collected, to ensure a clear separation between normative and informative
contents (see CEN/TS 16629 [2]):
— to avoid flooding and confusing the actual normative part with informative content;
— to reduce the page count of the actual standard; and
— to facilitate understanding of the set of EPB standards.
This was also one of the main recommendations from the European CENSE project [5] that laid the
foundation for the preparation of the set of EPB standards.
FprEN 15316-4-1 is intended to replace EN 15316-4-1:2008 and includes Domestic hot water systems,
generation (former EN 15316-3-3) and biomass boilers (former EN 15316-4-7:2008) in this standard
published in 2007-2008 under the mandate M/343 on the EPBD. This revision was required as a result
of the EPBD recast (2010/31/EU).The set of standards developed under mandate M/343 will be revised
to become consistent with the overarching standard under mandate M/480.
The typology method has been removed, the boiler cycling method has been added for existing boilers
to get the input parameters for the case specific boiler efficiency method.
Other generation systems are covered in other sub modules of part M3-8 (see Figure 1).
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1 Scope
This Technical Report refers to FprEN 15316-4-1.
It contains information to support the correct understanding, use and national adaption of standard
FprEN 15316-4-1.
2 Normative references
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are
indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated
references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
EN 89, Gas-fired storage water heaters for the production of domestic hot water
EN 13203-2, Gas-fired domestic appliances producing hot water - Part 2: Assessment of energy
consumption
FprEN 15316-4-1:2016, Energy performance of buildings - Method for calculation of system energy
requirements and system efficiencies - Part 4-1: Space heating and DHW generation systems, combustion
systems (boilers, biomass), Module M3-8-1, M8-8-1
EN ISO 13790, Energy performance of buildings - Calculation of energy use for space heating and cooling
(ISO 13790)
prEN ISO 52000-1:2015, Energy performance of buildings - Overarching EPB assessment - Part 1: General
framework and procedures (ISO/DIS 52000-1:2015)
3 Terms and definitions
3.1 Terms
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in prEN ISO 52000-1:2015 and
FprEN 15316-4-1:2016 apply.
3.2 Symbols
For the purposes of this document, the symbols and indices given in prEN ISO 52000-1:2015 and the
symbols and units given in FprEN 15316-4-1:2016 apply.
3.3 Abbreviations and indices
For the purposes of this document, the abbreviations and indices given in prEN ISO 52000-1:2015 and
the indices given in FprEN 15316-4-1:2016 applies.
4 Description of the method
4.1 Output of the method
4.1.1 Description
The calculation of the values takes place basically for the zones defined in EN ISO 13790.
If a number of parts of systems are contained in the various process domains then the values are to be
added together for further analysis.
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Here it is to be taken into account that the heating data are to be related to the gross calorific value.
In the following sections the thermal and auxiliary energy components of the different process domains
are determined for further analysis in ISO/CD 11368.
For output quantities see Table 1.
Table 1 — Output quantities
Calculation
Clause of Validity Destinatio
Description Symbol Unit Varying
FprEN 1531 interval n module
6-6-4:2016
Fuel heat input E kWh see 6.3 0…∞ M 3–1 YES
gen;in
Recoverable generation heat losses for
Q kWh see 6.6 0…∞ M 3–1 YES
gen;ls;rbl
heating system (in the calculation interval)
generation heat losses (in the calculation
Q kWh see 6.5 0…∞ M 3–1 YES
gen;ls;
interval)
Expenditure factor of the generator for the
ε - see 6.2 1 - 10 M 3–1 YES
gen
whole service
Expenditure factor of the generator for
ε - see 6.2 2 - 10 M 3–1 YES
H;gen
heating
Expenditure factor of the generator for
ε - see 6.2 3 - 10 M 3–1 YES
C;gen
cooling
Expenditure factor of the generator for
ε - see 6.2 4 - 10 M 3–1 YES
V;gen
ventilation
Expenditure factor of the generator for DHW ε - see 6.2 5 - 10 M 3–1 YES
W;gen
heat generation auxiliary energy for the
W kWh see 6.4 0…∞ M 3–1 YES
gen,
heating system (in the calculation interval)
Fuel type  List  not relevant M 3–1 NO
4.1.2 Example
Table 2 — Example for output quantities
Description Symbol Value
Fuel heat requirement E 99 443
gen;in
kWh = 357,995 GJ
Recoverable heat loss Q 408 kWh = 1,468 GJ
gen;ls;rbl
Total generation heat loss Q 1 574 kWh = 5,667 GJ
gen;ls
Auxiliary consumption W 524,34 kWh = 1,888 GJ
gen
expenditure factor of the generator

 for the whole service ε 0,99
gen
 for heating ε 0,99
H;gen
ε
C;gen
 for cooling 0,00
ε
V;gen
 for ventilation 0,00
 for DHW ε 0,00
W;gen
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4.2 General description of the method
The calculation method of the generation sub-system takes into account heat losses and/or recovery
due to the following physical factors:
— heat losses to the chimney (or flue gas exhaust) and the generator(s) during total time of generator
operation (running and stand-by);
— auxiliary energy.
The calculation is independent from the time steps.
There are a basic calculation for
— boilers at all (FprEN 15316-6-4:2016, Clause 6.);
— direct heated domestic hot water heaters (FprEN 15316-6-4:2016, 6.11) and
— domestic hot water appliance tested with 24 h tapping cycles (FprEN 15316-6-4:2016, 6.12).
There are three possible inputs for the generation efficiency calculation:
— default values (FprEN 15316-6-4:2016, 5.5);
— product values (FprEN 15316-6-4:2016, 5.6);
— measured values (FprEN 15316-6-4:2016, 5.7).
Default values are given in Annex B.
Product values by the manufactures should be tested according to the appropriated EN standard (see
bibliography).
Measured values are for existing boilers, condensing boilers and on-site inspection (see 5.6).
Here it is to be taken into account that the heating data are to be related to the gross calorific value.
4.3 Input data
4.3.1 Description
Input quantities from other parts of the heating system standards, see Table 3.
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Table 3 — Input quantities
Validity Destination
Description Symbol Unit Varying
interval module
Fuel type GEN_FUEL List not relevant M 3–4, M 8–4 NO
Generator Type GEN_TYP List not relevant M 3–4, M 8–4 NO
Burner type GEN_BURN List not relevant M 3–4, M 8–4 NO
Boiler location TH_ZONE List not relevant M 3–4, M 8–4 NO
HEAT_GEN
M 3–4, M 8–4
Type of control _CTRL List not relevant NO
GEN_CIRC_
M 3–4, M 8–4
Generation circuit typology TYPOL List not relevant NO
number of dwellings within a building N - 0…∞ M 3–1 YES
flat
number of peak tappings per day n - 0…∞ M 3–1 YES
Sp
Heat load Φ kW 0…∞ M 3–3 YES
h
Rated output for cooling system P kW 0…∞ M 4–3 YES
n,C
Rated output for ventilation system P kW 0…∞ M 5–3 YES
n,V
Rated output for DHW system P kW 0…∞ M 8–3 YES
n,W
Heat input to the heating distribution
M 3–6,
system (in the respective time) Q kWh 0…∞ Yes
H,dis;in
Heat input to the cooling distribution
M 4–6
system (in the respective time) Q kWh 0…∞ YES
C,dis;in
Heat input to the ventilation
distribution system (in the respective M 5–6,
time) Q kWh 0…∞ YES
V,dis;in
daily energy need for domestic hot
M 8–6
water, Q kWh 0…∞ YES
W,b,d
Heat input to the domestic hot water
distribution system (in the respective M 8–6
time) Q kWh 0…∞ YES
W,dis;in
Usage period for heating (in the
M 3–4, M 8–4
calculation interval), t h or d 0…8760 YES
H;use
Usage period for cooling (in the
M 4–4
calculation interval) t h or d 0…8760 YES
C;use
Usage period for ventilation (in the
M 5–4
calculation interval) t h or d 0…8760 YES
V;use
Usage period for domestic hot water
M 8–4
(in the calculation interval) t h or d 0…8760 YES
W;use
Running time for heating (in the s/h or M 3–4, M 8–4,
calculation interval) t h/mth 0…3600 EN ISO 13790 YES
H
t 0…3600 M 3–4, M 8–4 YES
C
running time for cooling system – s/h or
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Validity Destination
Description Symbol Unit Varying
interval module
when connected h/mth
running time for ventilation system – s/h or
M 3–4, M 8–4
when connected t h/mth 0…3600 YES
V
running time for DHW system – when s/h or
M 3–4, M 8–4
connected t h/mth 0…3600 YES
W
see external climat
external air temperatur
...