SIST EN 13757-5:2008
(Main)Communication systems for meters and remote reading of meters - Part 5: Wireless relaying
Communication systems for meters and remote reading of meters - Part 5: Wireless relaying
This standard defines the requirements for the protocols to use when performing relaying in wireless meter readout networks. This document is a new part 5 of the standard EN 13757. Additional parts of this standard are:
EN 13757 part 1: Data exchange EN 13757 part 2: Physical and link layer, twisted pair baseband (M-bus) EN 13757 part 3: Dedicated application layer (M-bus) EN 13757 part 4: Wireless meter readout
Remark: Electricity meters are not covered by this standard, as the standardisation of remote readout of electricity meters is a task for IEC/CENELEC
Kommunikationssysteme für Zähler und deren Fernablesung - Teil 5: Weitervermittlung
Systèmes de communication et de télérelevé des compteurs - Partie 5 : Relais sans fil
La présente norme définit les exigences relatives aux protocoles à utiliser lors de la transmission dans le cadre de réseaux de relevés de compteurs par radio. Ce document constitue une extension de la Partie 4 de la norme EN 13757 Systèmes de communication et de télérelevé de compteurs - Échange de données des compteurs par radio (Lecture de compteurs dans la bande SRD 868 MHz à 870 MHz). Elle prend en charge le routage du mode R2 mais pas celui des modes S et T.
Le présent objet de la présente norme est de prendre en charge des réseaux radio routés dans le cadre de la lecture des compteurs.
NOTE : Les compteurs d’énergie électrique ne sont pas concernés par la présente norme car la normalisation du télérelevé des compteurs d’énergie électrique est assurée par la CEI et le CENELEC.
Komunikacijski sistemi za merilnike in daljinsko odčitavanje - 5. del: Brezžično odčitavanje
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.RGþLWDYDQMHKommunikationssysteme für Zähler und deren Fernablesung - Teil 5: WeitervermittlungSystèmes de communication et de télérelevé des compteurs - Partie 5 : Relais sans filCommunication systems for meters and remote reading of meters - Part 5: Wireless relaying35.100.20Podatkovni povezovalni slojData link layer35.100.10Physical layer33.200Daljinsko krmiljenje, daljinske meritve (telemetrija)Telecontrol. TelemeteringICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 13757-5:2008SIST EN 13757-5:2008en01-december-2008SIST EN 13757-5:2008SLOVENSKI
STANDARD
SIST EN 13757-5:2008
EUROPEAN STANDARDNORME EUROPÉENNEEUROPÄISCHE NORMEN 13757-5October 2008ICS 33.200; 35.100.10; 35.100.20 English VersionCommunication systems for meters and remote reading ofmeters - Part 5: Wireless relayingSystèmes de communication et de télérelevé descompteurs - Partie 5 : Relais sans filKommunikationssysteme für Zähler und derenFernablesung - Teil 5: WeitervermittlungThis European Standard was approved by CEN on 16 August 2008.CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this EuropeanStandard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such nationalstandards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member.This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translationunder the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as theofficial versions.CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland,France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATIONCOMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATIONEUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNGManagement Centre: rue de Stassart, 36
B-1050 Brussels© 2008 CENAll rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reservedworldwide for CEN national Members.Ref. No. EN 13757-5:2008: ESIST EN 13757-5:2008
EN 13757-5:2008 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword.4 1 Scope.5 2 Normative references.5 3 Terms and definitions.5 4 Explanation.7 4.1 General.7 4.2 Introduction.7 4.3 Relaying.8 4.4 Use of routers.10 4.5 Use of gateways.10 4.5.1 General.10 4.5.2 Data duplication.11 4.6 Use of power strobed units.12 4.7 Error handling.13 4.8 Time synchronisation.14 4.9 Protocol possibilities.15 5 Mode P, protocol using routers.16 5.1 General.16 5.2 Physical layer protocol.16 5.2.1 General.16 5.2.2 Transmitter.17 5.2.3 Receiver.18 5.3 Data encoding.18 5.3.1 Manchester encoding.18 5.3.2 Order of transmission of the encoded data.19 5.3.3 Wake up and preamble chip sequences.19 5.4 Data link layer protocol.19 5.4.1 General.19 5.4.2 Frame format.19 5.4.3 C-field.21 5.4.4 M- and A-fields.23 5.4.5 The CI-field.23 5.4.6 Message handling.23 5.4.7 Timing requirements.24 5.5 Network layer protocol.25 5.5.1 General.25 5.5.2 Network layer format.25 5.5.3 Relaying rules.26 5.6 Application layer protocol.27 5.6.1 CI-field.27 5.6.2 Error reporting services.28 5.6.3 Network management service.30 6 Mode R2, protocol using gateways.37 6.1 General.37 6.2 Physical layer protocols.37 6.3 Data link layer protocol.37 6.3.1 General.37 6.3.2 M- and A-field.37 6.3.3 C-field.38 SIST EN 13757-5:2008
EN 13757-5:2008 (E) 3 6.3.4 Timing requirements.42 6.3.5 Error handling.42 6.4 Network layer functionality.42 6.4.1 General.42 6.4.2 Downstream transfer.42 6.4.3 Downstream relaying rules.43 6.4.4 Upstream transfer.44 6.4.5 Upstream relaying rules.44 6.5 Application layer.45 6.5.1 CI-field.45 6.5.2 Network management services.46 7 Mode Q, protocol supporting precision timing.55 7.1 General.55 7.2 Physical layer protocol.55 7.2.1 General.55 7.2.2 Transmitter.56 7.2.3 Receiver.57 7.3 Data encoding.57 7.3.1 NRZ encoding.57 7.3.2 Order of transmission of the encoded data.58 7.3.3 Wake up and preamble bit sequences.58 7.4 Data link layer protocol.58 7.4.1 General.58 7.4.2 Frame format.59 7.4.3 Normal data link layer frame handling.62 7.4.4 Search link layer frame handling.63 7.5 Mode Q, network layer protocol.65 7.5.1 General.65 7.5.2 Network layer format.66 7.5.3 Address conversion rules.68 7.5.4 Routing rules.69 7.5.5 Timing requirements.71 7.6 Mode Q, application layer protocol.71 7.6.1 General.71 7.6.2 EN 13757-1 Application layer.72 7.6.3 Error reporting.73 7.6.4 Alarm reporting.75 7.6.5 Network management service.76 7.6.6 Timing requirements.82 7.6.7 COSEM extension.82 Bibliography.84
SIST EN 13757-5:2008
EN 13757-5:2008 (E) 4 Foreword This document (EN 13757-5) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 294 “Communication systems for meters and remote reading of meters”, the secretariat of which is held by DS. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by April 2009, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by April 2009. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. EN 13757 consists of the following parts, under the general title Communication systems for meters and remote reading of meters: Part 1: Data exchange Part 2: Physical and link layer Part 3: Dedicated application layer Part 4: Wireless meter readout (Radio meter reading for operation in the 868 MHz to 870 MHz SRD band) Part 5: Wireless relaying Part 6: Local Bus According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. SIST EN 13757-5:2008
EN 13757-5:2008 (E) 5 1 Scope This standard defines the requirements for the protocols to use when performing relaying in wireless meter readout networks. This document is an extension to Part 4 of EN 13757, Wireless meter readout (Radio meter reading for operation in the 868 MHz to 870 MHz SRD band). It supports the routing of mode R2, but the routing of mode S and T is not supported.
The main use of this standard is to support routed wireless networks for the readout of meters. NOTE Electricity meters are not covered by this standard, as the standardisation of remote readout of electricity meters is a task for IEC/CENELEC. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 13757-1:2002, Communication system for meters and remote reading of meters – Part 1: Data exchange EN 13757-3:2004, Communication systems for and remote reading of meters – Part 3: Dedicated application layer
EN 13757-4:2005, Communication systems for meters and remote reading of meters – Part 4: Wireless meter readout (Radio meter readout for operation in the 868 MHz to 870 MHz SRD band) EN 60870-5-1:1993, Telecontrol equipment and systems – Part 5: Transmission protocols – Section 1: Transmission frame formats (IEC 60870-5-1:1990) EN 60870-5-2:1993, Telecontrol equipment and systems – Part 5: Transmission protocols – Section 2: Link transmission procedures (IEC 60870-5-2:1992) EN 62054-21, Electricity metering (a.c.) – Tariff and load control – Part 21: Particular requirements for time switches (IEC 62054-21:2004) ETSI EN 300 220-1:2000, ElectroMagnetic Compatibility and Radio Spectrum Matters (ERM); Short Range Devices (SRD); Radio equipment to be used in the 25 MHz to 1 000 MHz frequency range with power levels ranging up to 500 mW; Part 1: Technical characteristics and test methods ETSI EN 300 220-2:2000, ElectroMagnetic Compatibility and Radio Spectrum Matters (ERM); Short Range Devices (SRD); Radio equipment to be used in the 25 MHz to 1 000 MHz frequency range with power levels ranging up to 500 mW; Part 2: Supplementary parameters not intended for conformity purposes ETSI EN 301 489-1:2008, Electromagnetic compatibility and Radio spectrum Matters (ERM); ElectroMagnetic Compatibility (EMC) standard for radio equipment and services; Part 1: Common technical requirements ETSI EN 301 489-3:2002, Electromagnetic compatibility and Radio spectrum Matters (ERM);ElectroMagnetic Compatibility (EMC) standard for radio equipment and services; Part 3: Specific conditions for Short-Range Devices (SRD) operating on frequencies between 9 kHz and 40 GHz RFC 1662 July 1994, HDLC-like Framing, Appendix C. Fast Frame Check Sequence (FCS) Implementation 3 Terms and definitions For the purpose of this European Standard, the following terms and definitions apply. SIST EN 13757-5:2008
EN 13757-5:2008 (E) 6 3.1 primary station network node that controls all of the data exchange in a simple network with one central node, unbalanced data transfer and multiple remote nodes NOTE All data transfer will (normally) be controlled by the primary station. A data collecting unit will be a primary station. 3.2 secondary station node in a hierarchical network that is able to receive commands and requests from a central node, the primary station, and to send a response back to the central node NOTE A meter will be a secondary station. 3.3 upstream transmission of data in the direction from the meter to the data collecting unit 3.4 downstream transmission of data in the direction from the data collecting unit to the meter 3.5 relaying forwarding of information from one logical network to another NOTE A function performed by an intermediate node connected to two logical networks. 3.6 gateway intermediate node in a data communications network, connected to two or more logical networks, where the protocols or modes used on the logical networks are different 3.7 router intermediate node in a data communications network, connected to two or more logical networks with identical protocols and modes 3.8 node unit in a network that is able to send and receive data 3.9 end node meter or data collecting unit 3.10 intermediate node node in a network sitting in between a data collecting unit and a meter 3.11 hop transfer of a set of data from one node to an adjacent node, as one of the steps in the transfer of data between end nodes 3.12 frame set of user data encapsulated by a header and optionally a trailer SIST EN 13757-5:2008
EN 13757-5:2008 (E) 7 NOTE For an EN 60870-5-1 based protocol, this will be a start character followed by up to 16 blocks of data. 3.13 block sub-element of a frame NOTE For an EN 60870-5-1 based protocol, this will be up to 16 bytes of user data completed by a CRC check. 4 Explanation 4.1 General This clause is an explanatory clause. The specific requirements are to be found in the latter clauses of this European Standard. 4.2 Introduction The availability of low cost radio modules has made it feasible to use radio communication for the readout of meter data. Many meters are battery operated and have a very strict power budget and regulatory requirements are imposed as well. This limits the transmitting power levels and thereby the useful distance between transmitters and receivers. The use of reinforced concrete, conductive surface coatings and placement of meters in the basement of the buildings aggravates the problem of directly communicating between a data collecting unit and a meter. This limits the useful size radio networks unless relaying or forwarding is used. By letting some of the nodes forward or relay data, the effective size of the network can be increased. This makes the radio based networks a more cost effective solution. A relaying or forwarding concept will still have a number of constraints. The cost of adding this capability to the meters must be low, since meters are cost sensitive high volume products. The limited energy and computing power available in the individual nodes, mandates a limited complexity of the software handling the communications protocol and the forwarding. Operating and installation costs are important factors when planning for meter networks. The reconfiguration of the network when adding, replacing or removing meters must be automated to limit the operating cost. The overhead due to relaying of data transmitted must be low to keep the transmission duty cycle within the limitations imposed by the authorities. Radio networks for remote readout of meters are basically hierarchical networks. There is basically only one single data collecting node. All the meters send their data to this node, some directly, and some through forwarding nodes. There is basically no requirement for communication between meters as peer nodes.
SIST EN 13757-5:2008
EN 13757-5:2008 (E) 8 4.3 Relaying A radio network may have a structure like the one shown in Figure 1 below. The nodes A, B, C, D, E, F and G are simple meters. They all need to communicate with node Z, the data collecting unit/the primary station. In the current setup only nodes C and F are able to reach node Z. The other nodes cannot reach node Z. The useful size of this network is thereby limited to only 2 nodes, nodes C and F.
Key A – G simple meters Z
data collecting unit/primary station Figure 1 — Network with simple nodes, without relaying Extending the network by adding some nodes with relaying capability will give a structure as shown in Figure 2. Nodes F and G have now been extended to include relaying capability. Communication between nodes A, B and D and the primary station is achieved by relaying the data through nodes G and F. Node A sends data to node G, node G relays data to node F and node F relays data to node Z, the data collecting unit. The size of the network can now be extended to include all of the nodes shown. Nodes F and G may be dedicated relaying nodes or meters with extended capabilities. Transmission from one node to another is called a hop. The transmission from node A to the data collecting unit/primary station consists of three hops. B A G E D F Z C SIST EN 13757-5:2008
EN 13757-5:2008 (E) 9
Key A – E simple meters F, G
nodes with relaying capability Z
data collecting unit/primary station Figure 2 — Network with relaying nodes Note that the network still has a hierarchical structure at the application level, despite the relaying nodes. All end-to-end data transfer is performed between the data collecting unit and the meters. The meters do not communicate with one another at the application level, nor do the relays.
Key A
meter GW
node with relaying capability Z
data collecting unit/primary station Figure 3 — Router vs. gateway solution
The relaying can be performed in two different ways as shown in Figure 3, using either a gateway or a router approach.
ZAZ A Gateway approach Router approach APP NET LINK PHY GW B A G E D Z C F SIST EN 13757-5:2008
EN 13757-5:2008 (E) 10 In the router approach all nodes in the network are aware of the other nodes in the network and they all use the same protocol in both directions. The nodes are aware of the routing capability of certain nodes as well. Node B, as shown in Figure 2, will know that it for instance has to send data through the relaying nodes G and F to reach the data collecting unit. In the gateway approach only the locally reachable nodes are known. Nodes beyond the gateway are hidden. For nodes A, B and D in Figure 2, the network is limited to the area inside the dashed line, and node E is to all subordinate units the 'data collecting unit'. The gateways are organised in a hierarchy of networks as well, as shown in Figure 2, where node E is at the bottom of the hierarchy, node F is one level above it and node Z, the real data collecting unit, is at the top level. The generic details of the gateway and the router approach are specified in the following subclauses. 4.4 Use of routers In a routed network the nodes all behave like peer entities at the network level. Transfer between nodes is based on pairs of addresses, the sender node address and the receiver node address. This allows for a non-hierarchical structure of the nodes in a network with parallel paths. The fact that a pair of addresses is needed makes the routed approach incompatible with the data link layer used in EN 13757-4. There is thus a need of being able to distinguish between native EN 13757-4 data and routed data at the data link layer. This to ensure that simple nodes don't try to decode and handle routed data by mistake. The way of selecting the path to use when sending a package through a network can be determined in two ways. The first is the hop-by-hop method. Here the full path is set up prior to the first transmission, and it includes all the nodes to connect through. The second method uses network generated paths. Here the first node sends the data to a suitable neighbour router, and this router then determines the next hop for the data, based on its routing information. This latter method is the one used by the IP protocol on the Internet. The approach selected for this application is the hop-by-hop addressing method, as this is less complex to implement and requires less network traffic overhead and less intelligence in the nodes in the network. 4.5 Use of gateways 4.5.1 General A simple node has only a single address field. It is only able to work in a network with a single primary station controlling the network and one or more secondary stations/meters. A simple node will, when receiving data, look for its own address in the address field. It will assume that all data sent to it originates from the primary station. A simple node will, when responding, include its own address in the header. It will assume that all data will be received by the primary station. The gateway hides the network and network complexity from the simple nodes. To the nodes the gateway appears as the primary station. If the network shown in F
...
Questions, Comments and Discussion
Ask us and Technical Secretary will try to provide an answer. You can facilitate discussion about the standard in here.