SIST-TP CEN/TR 16798-4:2018

Energy performance of buildings - Ventilation for buildings - Part 4: Interpretation of the requirements in EN 16798- 3 - For non-residential buildings - Performance requirements for ventilation and room-conditioning systems (Modules M5-1, M5-4)

This Technical Report refers to EN 16798-3.
It contains information to support the correct understanding and use of EN 16798-3.
This Technical Report does not contain any normative provision.
This Technical Report applies to the design and implementation of ventilation, air conditioning and
room conditioning systems for non-residential buildings subject to human occupancy, excluding
applications like industrial processes. It focuses on the definitions of the various parameters, which are
relevant for such systems.
The guidance for design given in this standard and its annexes are mainly applicable to mechanical
supply and exhaust ventilation systems, and the mechanical part of hybrid ventilation systems.
Furthermore general design principles of natural ventilation systems are introduced in Annex D.
Applications for residential ventilation are not dealt with in this technical report. Performance of
ventilation systems in residential buildings are dealt with in CEN/TR 14788.
The classification uses different categories. For some values, examples are given and, for requirements,
typical ranges with default values are presented. The default values given in this standard are not
normative as such, and should be used where no other values are specified. Classification should always
be appropriate to the type of building and its intended use, and the basis of the classification should be
explained if the examples given in the standard are not to be used.
NOTE Different standards might express the categories for the same parameters in a different way, and the
category symbols may be different.

Energieeffizienz von Gebäuden - Teil 4: Lüftung von Nichtwohngebäuden - Anforderungen an die Leistung von Lüftungs- und Klimaanlagen und Raumkühlsystemen - Technischer Bericht - Interpretation der Anforderungen der EN 16798-3 (Module M5-1, M5-4)

Performance énergétique des bâtiments - Ventilation des bâtiments - Partie 4 : Interprétation des exigences de l’EN 16798-3 - Pour les bâtiments non résidentiels - Exigences de performances pour les systèmes de ventilation et de conditionnement d'air (Modules M5-1, M5-4)

Le présent rapport technique fait référence à la norme prEN 16798-3.
Il contient des informations permettant d’assurer une compréhension et une utilisation correcte de cette norme.
Le présent rapport technique ne contient pas de disposition normative.
Le présent rapport technique s’applique à la conception et à l’implantation de systèmes de ventilation, de conditionnement d'air et de climatisation pour les bâtiments non résidentiels sujets à occupation humaine, à l’exception des applications telles que les processus industriels. Il porte surtout sur les définitions des divers paramètres pertinents pour de tels systèmes.
Les lignes directrices concernant la conception, données dans la présente norme et ses annexes, s’appliquent principalement aux systèmes de ventilation mécanique d’alimentation et d’évacuation et à la partie mécanique des systèmes de ventilation hybrides. Par ailleurs, les principes généraux de conception des systèmes de ventilation naturelle sont introduits à l'Annexe D.
Les applications pour la ventilation résidentielle ne sont pas traitées dans le présent rapport technique. La performance des systèmes de ventilation dans les bâtiments résidentiels est traitée dans le CEN/TR 14788.
La classification utilise différentes catégories. Pour certaines valeurs, des exemples sont donnés et, pour les exigences, des plages types avec des valeurs par défaut sont présentées. Les valeurs par défaut données dans la présente norme ne sont pas normatives en tant que telles et il convient qu’elles ne soient utilisées que si aucune autre valeur n’est spécifiée. II convient que la classification soit toujours appropriée au type du bâtiment et à son utilisation prévue, et il convient que le fondement de la classification soit expliqué si les exemples donnés dans la norme ne sont pas utilisés.
NOTE   Différentes normes peuvent définir de manière différente des catégories pour les mêmes paramètres et les symboles pour ces catégories peuvent être différents.

Energijske lastnosti stavb - Prezračevanje stavb - 4. del: Razlaga in utemeljitev EN 16798-3 - Prezračevanje nestanovanjskih stavb - Zahtevane lastnosti za sisteme prezračevanja in klimatizacije prostorov - Modula M5-1, M5-4

To tehnično poročilo se nanaša na standard EN 16798-3.
Vsebuje informacije za pomoč pri pravilnem razumevanju in uporabi standarda EN 16798-3.
To tehnično poročilo ne vsebuje nobenih normativnih določb.
To tehnično poročilo se uporablja za načrtovanje in izvedbo prezračevalnih sistemov, klimatskih naprav in sistemov za klimatizacijo prostorov v nestanovanjskih stavbah za človeško uporabo, razen aplikacij, kot so industrijski procesi. Osredotoča se na opredelitve različnih parametrov, ki so pomembni za takšne sisteme.
Smernice za načrtovanje, podane v tem standardu in njegovih dodatkih, se v glavnem uporabljajo za prezračevalne sisteme z mehanskim dovajanjem in odvajanjem ter za mehanski del hibridnih prezračevalnih sistemov.
V Dodatku D so predstavljena splošna načela za načrtovanje naravnih prezračevalnih sistemov. To tehnično poročilo ne obravnava aplikacij za prezračevanje stanovanjskih objektov Učinkovitost prezračevalnih sistemov v stanovanjskih objektih obravnava standard CEN/TR 14788.
Za razvrščanje se uporabljajo različne kategorije. Za nekatere vrednosti so podani primeri, v zvezi z zahtevami pa so navedeni običajni razponi s privzetimi vrednostmi. Privzete vrednosti, podane v tem standardu, same po sebi niso normativne, zato jih je priporočljivo uporabljati, če druge vrednosti niso določene. Razvrščanje mora biti vedno prilagojeno glede na vrsto in predvideno uporabo stavbe, podlago za razvrščanje pa je treba pojasniti, če se primeri iz standarda ne bodo uporabljali.
OPOMBA: v različnih standardih so lahko kategorije enakih parametrov različno izražene, prav tako se lahko razlikujejo simboli za kategorije.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Public Enquiry End Date: 09-Feb-2017
• Publication Date: 13-Jun-2018
• ICS: 91.140.30 - Ventilation and air-conditioning systems
• Technical Committee: OGS - Heating for buildings
• Current Stage: 6060 - National Implementation/Publication (Adopted Project)
• Start Date: 17-May-2018
• Due Date: 22-Jul-2018
• Completion Date: 14-Jun-2018
• Directive: 2010/31/EU - Directive 2010/31/eu of the European Parliament and of the Council of 19 May 2010 on the energy performance of buildings (recast)
• Mandate: M/480 - Mandate to CEN, CENELEC and ETSI for the elaboration and adoption of standards for a methodology calculating the integrated energy performance of buildings and promoting the energy efficiency of buildings, in accordance with the terms set in the recast of the Directive on the energy performance buildings (2010/31/EU)
• Ref Project: CEN/TR 16798-4:2017 - Energy performance of buildings - Ventilation for buildings - Part 4: Interpretation of the requirements in EN 16798- 3 - For non-residential buildings - Performance requirements for ventilation and room-conditioning systems(Modules M5-1, M5-4)

Standards Content (Sample)

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST-TP CEN/TR 16798-4:2018
01-julij-2018
(QHUJLMVNHODVWQRVWLVWDYE3UH]UDþHYDQMHVWDYEGHO5D]ODJDLQXWHPHOMLWHY(1
3UH]UDþHYDQMHQHVWDQRYDQMVNLKVWDYE=DKWHYDQHODVWQRVWL]DVLVWHPH
SUH]UDþHYDQMDLQNOLPDWL]DFLMHSURVWRURY0RGXOD00
Energy performance of buildings - Ventilation for buildings - Part 4: Interpretation of the
requirements in EN 16798- 3 - For non-residential buildings - Performance requirements
for ventilation and room-conditioning systems (Modules M5-1, M5-4)
Energieeffizienz von Gebäuden - Teil 4: Lüftung von Nichtwohngebäuden -
Anforderungen an die Leistung von Lüftungs- und Klimaanlagen und Raumkühlsystemen
- Technischer Bericht - Interpretation der Anforderungen der EN 16798-3 (Module M5-1,
M5-4)
Performance énergétique des bâtiments - Ventilation des bâtiments - Partie 4 :
Interprétation des exigences de l’EN 16798-3 - Pour les bâtiments non résidentiels -
Exigences de performances pour les systèmes de ventilation et de conditionnement d'air
(Modules M5-1, M5-4)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: CEN/TR 16798-4:2017
ICS:
91.140.30 3UH]UDþHYDOQLLQNOLPDWVNL Ventilation and air-
VLVWHPL conditioning systems
SIST-TP CEN/TR 16798-4:2018 en
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

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SIST-TP CEN/TR 16798-4:2018

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SIST-TP CEN/TR 16798-4:2018


CEN/TR 16798-4
TECHNICAL REPORT

RAPPORT TECHNIQUE

June 2017
TECHNISCHER BERICHT
ICS 91.120.10; 91.140.30
English Version

Energy performance of buildings - Ventilation for buildings
- Part 4: Interpretation of the requirements in EN 16798-
3 - For non-residential buildings - Performance
requirements for ventilation and room-conditioning
systems(Modules M5-1, M5-4)
Performance énergétique des bâtiments - Partie 4 : Energieeffizienz von Gebäuden - Teil 4: Lüftung von
Ventilation dans les bâtiments non résidentiels - Nichtwohngebäuden - Anforderungen an die Leistung
Exigences de performances pour les systèmes de von Lüftungs- und Klimaanlagen und
ventilation et de conditionnement d'air - Rapport Raumkühlsystemen - Technischer Bericht -
technique - Interprétation des exigences de l'EN Interpretation der Anforderungen der EN 16798-3
16798-3


This Technical Report was approved by CEN on 3 April 2017. It has been drawn up by the Technical Committee CEN/TC 156.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,
Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland,
Turkey and United Kingdom.





EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION

EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG

CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels
© 2017 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. CEN/TR 16798-4:2017 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

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SIST-TP CEN/TR 16798-4:2018
CEN/TR 16798-4:2017 (E)
Contents Page
European foreword . 6
Introduction . 8
1 Scope . 10
2 Normative references . 10
3 Terms and definitions . 11
4 Symbols and subscripts . 11
4.1 Symbols . 11
4.2 Subscripts . 11
5 Brief description of the method and routing . 11
5.1 Output of the method . 11
5.2 General description of the method . 11
6 Calculation method . 11
7 Indoor Environment . 11
7.1 General . 11
7.2 Occupied zone . 11
8 Agreement of design criteria . 11
8.1 General . 11
8.2 Principles . 11
8.3 General building characteristics . 12
8.3.1 Location, outdoor conditions, neighbourhood . 12
8.3.2 Design weather data . 12
8.3.3 Information on the operation of the building . 12
8.4 Construction data . 12
8.5 Geometrical description . 12
8.6 Use of the rooms . 12
8.6.1 General . 12
8.6.2 Human occupancy . 12
8.6.3 Internal heat gains . 12
8.6.4 Internal pollution and moisture sources . 12
8.6.5 Given extract airflow . 12
8.7 Requirements in the rooms . 12
8.7.1 General . 12
8.7.2 Type of control . 12
8.7.3 Thermal comfort . 12
8.7.4 Air quality for people . 13
8.7.5 Noise level . 13
8.7.6 Lighting . 13
8.8 System recommendations . 13
8.8.1 General . 13
8.8.2 Location of intake openings . 13
8.8.3 Location of exhaust openings . 14
8.8.4 Distance between intake and exhaust openings . 14
8.8.5 Space recommendations for components and systems . 19
8.9 Heat transmission of surfaces of ventilation systems . 22
8.9.1 Thermal insulation of the system . 22
2

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SIST-TP CEN/TR 16798-4:2018
CEN/TR 16798-4:2017 (E)
8.9.2 General . 23
8.9.3 Heat transmission of duct between thermal building envelope and heat recovery . 23
8.9.4 Heat transmission of the Air Handling unit (AHU) casing . 23
8.9.5 Heat transmission at air ducts . 23
8.9.6 Air heating or cooling systems . 24
8.10 General recommendations for control and monitoring . 24
8.11 General recommendations for maintenance and safety of operation . 24
8.11.1 Hygienic and technical aspects to installation and maintenance . 24
8.11.2 Hygienic and technical aspects to installation and maintenance . 24
8.11.3 Ductwork . 25
8.12 Process from project initiation to operation . 25
8.13 Supply air humidity . 26
9 Classification . 26
9.1 Specification of types of air . 26
9.2 Classification of air . 26
9.2.1 Extract air and exhaust air . 26
9.2.2 Outdoor Air . 27
9.2.3 Supply Air . 31
9.2.4 Indoor Air . 31
9.2.5 Extract air and exhaust air . 31
9.3 System functions and basic system types . 33
9.3.1 General . 33
9.3.2 Types and configurations . 33
9.3.3 Controls and operation . 33
9.4 Design flow balance . 34
9.4.1 General . 34
9.4.2 Building . 34
9.4.3 Indoors . 35
9.4.4 System . 35
9.4.5 Pressure conditions in units and systems . 35
9.4.6 Ductwork . 35
9.5 Specific fan power . 36
9.5.1 General . 36
9.5.2 Classification of specific fan power . 37
9.5.3 Calculating the power demand of the fan . 37
9.5.4 Specific Fan Power of an entire building . 37
9.5.5 Specific Fan Power under reference and design load conditions . 37
9.5.6 Specifying the SFP of Individual Air Handling Units . 37
E
9.5.7 AHU related SFP values. 37
9.6 Heat recovery . 37
9.6.1 General . 37
9.6.2 Requirements for heat recovery . 37
9.6.3 Transfer of humidity . 37
9.6.4 Icing and defrosting . 38
9.6.5 Transfer of pollutants . 38
9.6.6 Classification of air correction factor in heat recovery . 39
9.7 Filtration . 40
9.7.1 General . 40
9.7.2 Air filters maintenance . 41
9.8 Leakages in ventilation systems. 42
9.8.1 General . 42
9.8.2 Leakages in heat recovery . 43
9.8.3 Classification . 43
3

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SIST-TP CEN/TR 16798-4:2018
CEN/TR 16798-4:2017 (E)
9.8.4 Leakage in air handling unit (AHU) casing . 44
9.8.5 Filter by-pass leakage . 44
9.8.6 Leakage in air distribution systems . 44
9.8.7 Airtightness of the building . 44
10 Calculation and energy rating . 44
10.1 Ventilation effectiveness and air distribution . 44
10.1.1 General . 44
10.1.2 Calcualtion of ventilation air volume flow . 44
10.2 Calculation of air volume flows . 45
10.2.1 Supply Air . 45
10.2.2 Extract airflow rates . 45
10.2.3 Ventilation rates for rooms not designed for human occupancy . 45
10.3 Energy rating of ventilation systems . 46
11 Quality control . 46
12 Compliance check. 46
13 Worked out examples, method 1 . 47
13.1 Example 1 . 47
13.1.1 Description . 47
13.1.2 Calculation details . 47
13.1.3 Observations . 47
13.2 Example 2 . 47
14 Worked out examples, method 2 . 47
15 Validation of the calculation procedures . 47
Annex A (informative) Input and method selection data sheet — Template . 48
A.1 General . 48
A.2 References . 48
Annex B (informative) Input and method selection data sheet — Default choices . 49
B.1 General . 49
B.2 References . 49
Annex C (informative) Basic Ventilation Aspects — Characteristic of possible ventilation
systems . 50
Annex D (informative) Natural and Hybrid Ventilation . 52
D.1 General . 52
D.2 Introduction to natural ventilation . 52
D.2.1 General . 52
D.2.2 Buoyancy ventilation . 52
D.2.3 Cross ventilation . 52
D.2.4 Single-sided natural ventilation . 52
D.2.5 Combinations . 52
D.2.6 Cooling by means of natural ventilation . 53
D.2.7 Energy neutral ventilation . 53
D.3 Introduction to hybrid ventilation . 53
D.3.1 General . 53
D.3.2 Fan supported natural ventilation . 53
D.3.3 Natural and mechanical ventilation . 53
D.3.4 Mechanical ventilation supported by natural ventilation . 54
D.3.5 Mechanical ventilation incorporating cooling by means of natural ventilation . 54
D.4 Introduction to the design of natural and hybrid ventilation . 54
D.4.1 System design . 54
4

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SIST-TP CEN/TR 16798-4:2018
CEN/TR 16798-4:2017 (E)
D.4.2 System components . 55
D.4.3 Maintenance and operation control . 57
D.4.4 Balancing and handing over . 58
Annex E (informative) Checklist for the design and use of systems with low energy
consumption . 59
E.1 Checklist for the planning of the building. 59
E.2 Checklist for the planning of the HVAC-system . 59
E.3 Checklist for the designing of individual components . 60
E.4 Checklist for the use of the system . 60
Annex F (informative) Efficiency of ventilation and air diffusion . 62
Annex G (informative) Impact of Leakage — Examples — Impact of leakage subject to the
arrangement of components . 63
Annex H (informative) Features of Heat Recovery Systems . 66
H.1 Heat recovery systems . 66
H.2 Common features of HRS . 67
Annex I (informative) Impact of thermal transmission of ducts — Heat transmission of duct
between thermal building envelope and heat recovery . 68
I.1 General . 68
I.2 Adapted heat recovery ratio to connection ducts . 68
Bibliography . 70

5

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SIST-TP CEN/TR 16798-4:2018
CEN/TR 16798-4:2017 (E)
European foreword
This document (CEN/TR 16798-4:2017) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 156
“Ventilation for buildings”, the secretariat of which is held by BSI.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for id
...

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
kSIST-TP FprCEN/TR 16798-4:2017
01-januar-2017
[Not translated]
Energy performance of buildings - Part 4: Ventilation for non-residential buildings -
Performance requirements for ventilation, air conditioning and room-conditioning
systems - Technical Report - Interpretation of the requirements in EN 16798-3
Energieeffizienz von Gebäuden - Teil 4: Lüftung von Nichtwohngebäuden -
Anforderungen an die Leistung von Lüftungs- und Klimaanlagen und Raumkühlsystemen
- Technischer Bericht - Interpretation der Anforderungen der EN 16798-3
Performance énergétique des bâtiments - Partie 4 : Ventilation dans les bâtiments non
résidentiels - Exigences de performances pour les systèmes de ventilation et de
conditionnement d'air - Rapport technique - Interprétation des exigences de l’EN 16798-
3
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: FprCEN/TR 16798-4
ICS:
91.140.30 3UH]UDþHYDOQLLQNOLPDWVNL Ventilation and air-
VLVWHPL conditioning systems
kSIST-TP FprCEN/TR 16798-4:2017 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

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kSIST-TP FprCEN/TR 16798-4:2017

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kSIST-TP FprCEN/TR 16798-4:2017


FINAL DRAFT
TECHNICAL REPORT
FprCEN/TR 16798-4
RAPPORT TECHNIQUE

TECHNISCHER BERICHT

December 2016
ICS 91.120.10; 91.140.30
English Version

Energy performance of buildings - Part 4: Ventilation for
non-residential buildings - Performance requirements for
ventilation, air conditioning and room-conditioning
systems - Technical Report - Interpretation of the
requirements in EN 16798-3
Performance énergétique des bâtiments - Partie 4 : Energieeffizienz von Gebäuden - Teil 4: Lüftung von
Ventilation dans les bâtiments non résidentiels - Nichtwohngebäuden - Anforderungen an die Leistung
Exigences de performances pour les systèmes de von Lüftungs- und Klimaanlagen und
ventilation et de conditionnement d'air - Rapport Raumkühlsystemen - Technischer Bericht -
technique - Interprétation des exigences de l'EN Interpretation der Anforderungen der EN 16798-3
16798-3


This draft Technical Report is submitted to CEN members for Vote. It has been drawn up by the Technical Committee CEN/TC
156.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,
Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and
United Kingdom.

Recipients of this draft are invited to submit, with their comments, notification of any relevant patent rights of which they are
aware and to provide supporting documentation.

Warning : This document is not a Technical Report. It is distributed for review and comments. It is subject to change without
notice and shall not be referred to as a Technical Report.


EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION

EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG

CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels
© 2016 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. FprCEN/TR 16798-4:2016 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

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kSIST-TP FprCEN/TR 16798-4:2017
FprCEN/TR 16798-4:2016 (E)
Contents Page
European foreword . 6
Introduction . 9
1 Scope . 11
2 Normative references . 11
3 Terms and definitions . 12
4 Symbols and subscripts . 12
4.1 Symbols . 12
4.2 Subscripts . 12
5 Brief description of the method and routing . 12
5.1 Output of the method . 12
5.2 General description of the method . 12
6 Calculation method . 12
7 Indoor Environment . 12
7.1 General . 12
7.2 Occupied zone . 12
8 Agreement of design criteria . 13
8.1 General . 13
8.2 Principles . 13
8.3 General building characteristics . 13
8.3.1 Location, outdoor conditions, neighbourhood . 13
8.3.2 Design weather data . 13
8.3.3 Information on the operation of the building . 13
8.4 Construction data . 13
8.5 Geometrical description . 13
8.6 Use of the rooms . 13
8.6.1 General . 13
8.6.2 Human occupancy . 13
8.6.3 Internal heat gains . 13
8.6.4 Internal pollution and moisture sources . 13
8.6.5 Given extract airflow . 13
8.7 Requirements in the rooms . 13
8.7.1 General . 13
8.7.2 Type of control . 14
8.7.3 Thermal comfort . 14
8.7.4 Air quality for people . 14
8.7.5 Noise level . 14
8.7.6 Lighting . 14
8.8 System recommendations . 14
8.8.1 General . 14
8.8.2 Location of intake openings . 15
8.8.3 Location of exhaust openings . 15
8.8.4 Distance between intake and exhaust openings . 15
8.8.5 Space recommendations for components and systems . 20
8.9 Heat transmission of surfaces of ventilation systems . 24
8.9.1 Thermal insulation of the system . 24
2

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kSIST-TP FprCEN/TR 16798-4:2017
FprCEN/TR 16798-4:2016 (E)
8.9.2 General . 25
8.9.3 Heat transmission of duct between thermal building envelope and heat recovery . 25
8.9.4 Heat transmission of the Air Handling unit (AHU) casing . 25
8.9.5 Heat transmission at air ducts . 26
8.9.6 Air heating or cooling systems . 26
8.10 General recommendations for control and monitoring . 26
8.11 General recommendations for maintenance and safety of operation . 26
8.11.1 Hygienic and technical aspects to installation and maintenance . 26
8.11.2 Hygienic and technical aspects to installation and maintenance . 27
8.11.3 Ductwork . 27
8.12 Process from project initiation to operation . 28
8.13 Supply air humidity . 28
9 Classification . 28
9.1 Specification of types of air . 28
9.2 Classification of air . 28
9.2.1 Extract air and exhaust air . 28
9.2.2 Outdoor Air . 29
9.2.3 Supply Air . 33
9.2.4 Indoor Air . 33
9.2.5 Extract air and exhaust air . 33
9.3 System functions and basic system types . 35
9.3.1 General . 35
9.3.2 Types and configurations . 35
9.3.3 Controls and operation . 35
9.4 Design flow balance . 36
9.4.1 General . 36
9.4.2 Building . 36
9.4.3 Indoors . 37
9.4.4 System . 37
9.4.5 Pressure conditions in units and systems . 37
9.4.6 Ductwork . 37
9.5 Specific fan power . 38
9.5.1 General . 38
9.5.2 Classification of specific fan power . 38
9.5.3 Calculating the power demand of the fan . 38
9.5.4 Specific Fan Power of an entire building . 39
9.5.5 Specific Fan Power under reference and design load conditions . 39
9.5.6 Specifying the SFP of Individual Air Handling Units . 39
E
9.5.7 AHU related SFP values. 39
9.6 Heat recovery . 39
9.6.1 General . 39
9.6.2 Requirements for heat recovery . 39
9.6.3 Transfer of humidity . 39
9.6.4 Icing and defrosting . 40
9.6.5 Transfer of pollutants . 40
9.6.6 Classification of air correction factor in heat recovery . 41
9.7 Filtration . 41
9.7.1 General . 41
9.7.2 Air filters maintenance . 43
9.8 Leakages in ventilation systems. 43
9.8.1 General . 43
9.8.2 Leakages in heat recovery . 45
9.8.3 Classification . 45
3

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kSIST-TP FprCEN/TR 16798-4:2017
FprCEN/TR 16798-4:2016 (E)
9.8.4 Leakage in air handling unit (AHU) casing . 46
9.8.5 Filter by-pass leakage . 46
9.8.6 Leakage in air distribution systems . 46
9.8.7 Airtightness of the building . 46
10 Calculation and energy rating . 46
10.1 Ventilation effectiveness and air distribution . 46
10.1.1 General . 46
10.1.2 Calcualtion of ventilation air volume flow . 46
10.2 Calculation of air volume flows . 47
10.2.1 Supply Air . 47
10.2.2 Extract airflow rates . 47
10.2.3 Ventilation rates for rooms not designed for human occupancy . 47
10.3 Energy rating of ventilation systems . 47
11 Quality control . 48
12 Compliance check. 48
13 Worked out examples, method 1 . 49
13.1 Example 1 . 49
13.1.1 Description . 49
13.1.2 Calculation details . 49
13.1.3 Observations . 49
13.2 Example 2 . 49
14 Worked out examples, method 2 . 49
15 Validation of the calculation procedures . 49
Annex A (informative) Input and method selection data sheet — Template . 50
A.1 General . 50
A.2 References . 50
Annex B (informative) Input and method selection data sheet — Default choices . 51
B.1 General . 51
B.2 References . 51
Annex C (informative) Basic Ventilation Aspects — Characteristic of possible ventilation
systems . 52
Annex D (informative) Natural and Hybrid Ventilation . 54
D.1 General . 54
D.2 Introduction to natural ventilation . 54
D.2.1 General . 54
D.2.2 Buoyancy ventilation . 54
D.2.3 Cross ventilation . 54
D.2.4 Single-sided natural ventilation . 54
D.2.5 Combinations . 54
D.2.6 Cooling by means of natural ventilation . 55
D.2.7 Energy neutral ventilation . 55
D.3 Introduction to hybrid ventilation . 55
D.3.1 General . 55
D.3.2 Fan supported natural ventilation . 55
D.3.3 Natural and mechanical ventilation . 55
D.3.4 Mechanical ventilation supported by natural ventilation . 56
D.3.5 Mechanical ventilation incorporating cooling by means of natural ventilation . 56
D.4 Introduction to the design of natural and hybrid ventilation . 56
D.4.1 System design . 56
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D.4.2 System components . 57
D.4.3 Maintenance and operation control . 59
D.4.4 Balancing and handing over . 59
Annex E (informative) Checklist for the design and use of systems with low energy
consumption . 61
E.1 Checklist for the planning of the building. 61
E.2 Checklist for the planning of the HVAC-system . 61
E.3 Checklist for the designing of individual components . 62
E.4 Checklist for the use of the system . 62
Annex F (informative) Efficiency of ventilation and air diffusion . 64
Annex G (informative) Impact of Leakage — Examples — Impact of leakage subject to the
arrangement of components . 65
Annex H (informative) Features of Heat Recovery Systems . 68
H.1 Heat recovery systems . 68
H.2 Common features of HRS . 69
Annex I (informative) Impact of thermal transmission of ducts — Heat transmission of duct
between thermal building envelope and heat recovery . 70
I.1 General . 70
I.2 Adapted heat recovery ratio to connection ducts . 70
Bibliography . 72

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FprCEN/TR 16798-4:2016 (E)
European foreword
This document (FprCEN/TR 16798-4:2016) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 156
“Ventilation for buildings”, the secret
...