SIST-TP CEN/TR 81-12:2015
(Main)Safety rules for the construction and installation of lifts - Basics and interpretations - Part 12: Use of EN 81-20 and EN 81-50 in specific markets
Safety rules for the construction and installation of lifts - Basics and interpretations - Part 12: Use of EN 81-20 and EN 81-50 in specific markets
This Technical Report gives guidance to users, specifically outside Europe, in order to enable them to apply EN 81-20 and EN 81-50 so far as is reasonably practical, whilst recognising specific socio-economic needs or national legislation in their country.
Sicherheitsregeln für die Konstruktion und den Einbau von Aufzügen - Grundlagen und Auslegungen - Teil 12: Use of EN 81-20 and EN 81-50 in specific markets
Règles de sécurité pour la construction et l'installation des élévateurs - Fondamentaux et interprétations - Partie 12: Utilisation des normes EN 81-20 et EN 81-50 dans les marchés spécifiques
Varnostna pravila za konstruiranje in vgradnjo dvigal (liftov) - Osnove in razlaga - 12. del: Uporaba EN 81-20 in EN 81-50 na posebnih trgih
To tehnično poročilo vsebuje navodila za uporabnike (še zlasti zunaj Evrope), da lahko uporabijo standarda EN 81-20 in EN 81-50, če je v praksi izvedljivo, in pri tem hkrati upoštevajo specifične družbeno-ekonomske zahteve ali nacionalno zakonodajo svoje države.
General Information
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST-TP CEN/TR 81-12:2015
01-januar-2015
Varnostna pravila za konstruiranje in vgradnjo dvigal (liftov) - Osnove in razlaga -
12. del: Uporaba EN 81-20 in EN 81-50 na posebnih trgih
Safety rules for the construction and installation of lifts - Basics and interpretations - Part
12: Use of EN 81-20 and EN 81-50 in specific markets
Sicherheitsregeln für die Konstruktion und den Einbau von Aufzügen - Grundlagen und
Auslegungen - Teil 12: Use of EN 81-20 and EN 81-50 in specific markets
Règles de sécurité pour la construction et l'installation des élévateurs - Fondamentaux et
interprétations - Partie 12: Utilisation des normes EN 81-20 et EN 81-50 dans les
marchés spécifiques
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: CEN/TR 81-12:2014
ICS:
91.140.90 'YLJDOD7HNRþHVWRSQLFH Lifts. Escalators
SIST-TP CEN/TR 81-12:2015 en
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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SIST-TP CEN/TR 81-12:2015
TECHNICAL REPORT
CEN/TR 81-12
RAPPORT TECHNIQUE
TECHNISCHER BERICHT
October 2014
ICS 91.140.90
English Version
Safety rules for the construction and installation of lifts - Basics
and interpretations - Part 12: Use of EN 81-20 and EN 81-50 in
specific markets
Règles de sécurité pour la construction et l'installation des Sicherheitsregeln für die Konstruktion und den Einbau von
élévateurs - Fondamentaux et interprétations - Partie 12: Aufzügen - Grundlagen und Auslegungen - Teil 12:
Utilisation des normes EN 81-20 et EN 81-50 dans les Anwendung der EN 81-20 und EN 81-50 in bestimmten
marchés spécifiques Märkten
This Technical Report was approved by CEN on 9 September 2014. It has been drawn up by the Technical Committee CEN/TC 10.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,
Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United
Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels
© 2014 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. CEN/TR 81-12:2014 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
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Contents Page
Foreword .3
Introduction .4
1 Scope .5
2 Normative references .5
3 Terms and definitions .5
4 List of significant hazards .5
5 Guidance for the use of EN 81-20 and EN 81-50 .5
5.1 Use of the words “shall”, “should”, “may” and “can” .5
5.2 Importance of notes and annexes.6
5.3 Importance of assumptions .6
5.4 Negotiations .6
5.4.1 General .6
5.4.2 Car use and loading conditions .6
5.5 Environmental Considerations .7
5.6 Rationales for different loading conditions .7
5.7 Good engineering practice .8
5.8 Authorized persons, where these persons require certification .9
5.9 Passenger capacity .9
5.10 References to EN standards . 10
5.11 Specific National Requirements . 15
5.11.1 Applicability of EN 81-20 and EN 81-50 in countries and jurisdictions enforcing other
standards . 15
5.11.2 Safe access to machinery spaces (particularly machine and pulley rooms) . 15
5.11.3 Emergency lighting. 15
5.11.4 Sprinkler systems . 15
5.11.5 Specific restrictions . 15
Annex A (informative) Correlation table between EN 81-1, EN 81-2 and EN 81-20 and EN 81-50 . 16
A.1 Introduction . 16
A.2 Correlation between EN 81-1 and EN 81-2, and EN 81-20 and EN 81-50 . 16
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Foreword
This document (CEN/TR 81-12:2014) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 10 “Lifts,
escalators and moving walks”, the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
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Introduction
1 )
EN 81-20 and EN 81-50 or their technical requirements are widely used not only in Europe and
neighbouring countries but also in many regions and countries around the world. It is recognized that each
region or country has its own legislative framework and practices that may influence the implementation of
those standards or requirements.
This document has been developed in order to facilitate and encourage continued widespread use of
EN 81-20 and EN 81-50 as a whole or their technical requirements. This document also provides guidance for
use and implementation of those standards in the countries outside Europe while pointing out main issues in a
specific region or a country.
1)
For the purpose of this document, Europe is considered as CEN member countries: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria,
Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy,
Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, The Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain,
Sweden, Switzerland, The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Turkey and United Kingdom
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1 Scope
This Technical Report gives guidance to users, primarily those outside Europe, in order to enable them to
apply EN 81-20 and EN 81-50 so far as is reasonably practical, while recognizing specific socio-economic
needs or national legislation in their country.
2 Normative references
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are
indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references,
the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
EN 81-20:2014, Safety rules for the construction and installation of lifts - Lifts for the transport of persons and
goods - Part 20: Passenger and goods passenger lifts
EN 81-50:2014, Safety rules for the construction and installation of lifts - Examinations and tests - Part 50:
Design rules, calculations, examinations and tests of lift components
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions found in EN 81-20 and EN 81-50 apply.
4 List of significant hazards
For the purposes of this document, the list of significant hazards found in EN 81-20 and EN 81-50 are
applicable.
5 Guidance for the use of EN 81-20 and EN 81-50
5.1 Use of the words “shall”, “should”, “may” and “can”
“shall” is used to express a requirement of a standard. If compliance with the standard is claimed, compliance
with all the expressions with “shall” is required.
EXAMPLE 1 “All assignments shall be documented.”
“should” is used to express recommendations.
EXAMPLE 2 “Care should be taken after preparation to prevent contamination. If contamination occurs […]”
“may” in a standard indicates that the standard is giving permission.
EXAMPLE 3 “One connection may have many channels.”
“can” describes a possibility.
EXAMPLE 4 “This product can be subjected to external climatic conditions.”
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5.2 Importance of notes and annexes
A “note” within a CEN standard is not a technical requirement but advice given by the committee responsible
for producing the standard with the intention of making the point clearer to understand.
“Informative annexes” are also considered as guidance and while they may contain specific measurable
values such as dimensions, light and noise levels, these are still only advisory and therefore cannot be
demanded to be respected for compliance to the standard.
Where an annex is stated to be “Normative”, its content is part of the relevant requirements stated in the core
of the standard. If compliance with the standard is claimed, compliance with the annex is required.
Notes and informative annexes are often connected to either National Regulations with regard to how the
standard is adopted or to the negotiations which should be carried out between the lift supplier and the person
placing the order for the equipment.
5.3 Importance of assumptions
EN 81-20 is intended for use by technical professionals that have a general knowledge of lift technology. As it
is not possible to describe all possible aspects and circumstances of how the standard may be used, the
assumptions define the environment and the boundaries for application of the standard.
An assumption defines, up to a certain degree, the foundation of the standard and how assumptions shall be
considered when applying the standard. However, they are not requirements of the standard and as such the
compliance with those assumptions is not required.
5.4 Negotiations
5.4.1 General
EN 81-20 assumes the party supplying the lift and the party responsible for the end use of the lift take part in
negotiations to ensure that the supplied product is fit for purpose and used in the intended manner.
These negotiations would normally include such items as the use of the lift as a passenger or
goods/passenger lift, the means of loading, the goods to be carried, etc.
5.4.2 Car use and loading conditions
EN 81-20 gives three basic usage conditions to be reflected when designing the car frame, sill and guides;
— Passenger use = 40 % of the rated load applied to the car door sill;
— Goods/Passenger use = 60 % of the rated load applied to the car door sill;
— Heavy Goods use = 85 % of the rated load applied to the car door sill.
In some countries outside Europe it is more common for the lift owner to specify the intended use according to
predetermined loading classifications, e.g. those given in the ASME A17.1/CSA B44 standard.
However in some regions outside Europe these are more commonly known by other descriptions such as:
— Class 1 - Passenger and general goods loading: applies when the load is distributed, the mass of any
single piece of goods or any single hand truck and its load is not greater than 25 % of the rated load of
the lift and the load is handled on and off the car platform manually or by means of hand trucks;
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— Class 2 - Heavy goods loading: applies to heavy goods loading exceeding class 1, power or hand trucks
are used for carrying the load in transit or for loading/unloading or for concentrated loads;
However, great care should be taken when using such classifications as they can be specific to the region
such as those previously used in Europe for the design of guide rails etc. Examples are as follows:
— Class A – Passenger and general goods loading;
— Class B – Motor vehicle loading;
— Class C – Heavy goods loading.
The purpose of these designations is to ensure the designer and manufacturer are fully aware of the
conditions under which the lift will be used and adapt their designs appropriately to ensure a satisfactory
robustness and service life.
Therefore regardless of the actual descriptors of these usage conditions is it vital that adequate negotiations
take place between the supplier and purchaser to ensure that the delivered product is suitable for its intended
use.
5.5 Environmental Considerations
Some countries have specific requirements with regard to machinery space and lift well heating and
ventilation due to their climate.
At present the normal operating temperature limits are specified in the assumptions EN 81-20 as +5° C to
+40° C (degrees Celsius) as part of normal operational conditions. This is both as a means of equipment
protection and as a limit to the working environment for lift personnel (see IEC 60364-5-51, Code AA5).
EN 81-50 requires specific environmental conditions to be considered (e.g. exposure to UV and humidity for
polyurethane buffers).
Some countries may have higher or lower ambient temperatures, altitude and other environmental
considerations which may or may not affect the equipment, or to which the lift personnel have become
acclimatised, or parameters which are specified by National Regulation.
Such situations should form part of the negotiations between supplier of the lift and purchaser.
5.6 Rationales for different loading conditions
EN 81-20 refers to several loading conditions:
100 % of the rated load: indicating fully loaded car under normal running conditions
110 % of the rated load: maximum loading before the overload sensor is activated, the lift being kept
stationary at the floor level. This is to prevent that lift from moving under the overload conditions.
125 % of the rated loading: maximum overloading that may occur and causing lift movement under overload
conditions. Relevant lift components such as machine brakes and safety gear to be capable of stopping the
moving lift with specified deceleration rate or keeping the speed of the lift within a specified margin.
For hydraulic and positive drive, safety gear may be tested with 100 % of rated load.
As the design of the lift is based on the worst case scenario, i.e. 125 % overload, there is no need to consider
lower overload situations in the calculations. The lift is then subjected to various tests on site at rated speed
with loads of up to 125 % in order to verify the design and installation. See EN 81-20:2014, 6.3.
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5.7 Good engineering practice
Good engineering practice is essential to ensure the safety of lift equipment. It should take into account all
service conditions and failure modes. It should embrace the expectations and considerations to be taken into
account for design of a lift component. Below are some relevant factors:
a) for every calculation of a design all probable load cases need to be defined and several assumptions
should be made specific to the issue under consideration;
b) these assumptions should be based on commonly understood technical and engineering theory and
practice and on the experience of the experts responsible for the design. For example, the dynamic factor
in the case of counterweight jump when the empty car is stopped by the safety gear, the frictional forces
imparted on the guide brackets in case of safety gear application through guide clips or the support of
driving machines on structural steel members according to deflection criteria, etc.;
c) the load spectrum and frequencies of different loads should be defined. From this it should be decided
which lead to endurance/fatigue stresses and which are occasionally applied loads which lead to
corresponding stresses;
d) tolerances of parts, friction factors and possible variations during assembly need to be considered, e.g.
tightening torque of fasteners to be defined;
e) the probability of a combination of worst cases of all influences should be described, considering that the
simple combination of all worst assumptions may lead to unnecessarily heavy designs in some cases;
f) material properties and characteristics shall be considered and safety margins selected accordingly;
g) established analysis and design standards and relevant Codes, including textbooks, handbooks and
expert publications may be applicable or may give the necessary design input to validate the design. This
would include materials, parameters, safety factors etc.;
h) when using calculation methods, whether traditional or finite element analysis, due consideration should
be given to the inclusion of the inherent simplifications and error factors as well as any assumptions e.g.
working to design criteria which are based on known acceptable stress limits rather than ultimate tensile
strength;
i) it is important that suitable material be selected dependent upon the application and loading conditions.
Material properties in the final use condition (i.e. after machining, heat treatment grinding etc., and
accounting for use and environmental influences such as wear, corrosion) should be considered. In
evaluating stress factors it is important to consider size factors, shape factors, changes in section,
geometry and size of radii and fillets at section changes, surface finish, material hardness etc.;
j) it is also important to consider material properties such as ultimate tensile strength, yield strength,
elongation before rupture, impact strength, fracture toughness, endurance strength etc. as applicable;
k) the applicable failure criteria need to be established, dependent upon the application, for example Tresca
maximal shear stress, von Mises yield criteria, Octahedral shear stress, energy of distortion, low cycle
fatigue, high cycle fatigue, Euler and Rankine elastic stability criteria etc.;
l) the designer also has the responsibility to determine whether the analyses and calculations are adequate
and whether additional endurance and/or breaking tests are required;
m) good engineering practice also entails a subsequent design review by a peer(s) or expert(s) in the
appropriate discipline. The peer(s) or expert(s) may be employees of the same organization responsible
for the design or external experts as long as they are suitably qualified. Such practice may also be
covered by the quality assurance system, e.g. ISO 9000, of the organization responsible for the design.
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5.8 Authorized persons, where these persons require certification
EN 81-20 gives definitions for persons interacting with lifts. The following gives additional explanation of those
persons’ actions and responsibilities:
— User: person making use of the services of the lift installation which includes passengers, persons waiting
at the landings and authorized persons;
— Passenger: a person who is transported in the lift car;
— Competent person: a person who has received training and can demonstrate their understanding in a
specific task, such as a competent maintenance person required to return the lift back into service
following an interruption in the safety circuit, or a person who has been trained to carry out the specific
task of conducting passenger release in the event of a lift breakdown;
— Authorized person: a person who has received the permission of the lift owner or duty holder to be
present at the lift site in order to carry out a specific task. It is therefore necessary for any authorized
person to also be able to demonstrate competence in the task they undertake, e.g. persons carrying out
periodic examination of lifts or insurance inspections.
It may be the case in some countries that the authorization of these persons to work on lifts is also subject to
agreement/qualification by the national authorities. In this case, there may be specific certification
programmes that need to be respected in order to be considered as authorized in addition to the permissions
required from the owner/duty holder. Such programmes are considered as being outside the scope of the
EN 81 series of standards and subject to national regulations.
NOTE ISO 22559-1 includes the definition for the non-user as: a person in the vicinity of the lift not intending to
access or use the lift.
5.9 Passenger capacity
EN 81-20 is based on an average weight of a person being 75 kg, and capacity tables in 5.4.2.1 reflect this
value. This is an accepted value in Europe and many other countries.
However, in some regions or counties other values for the average weight of a person with regard to lift usage
may apply.
Examples are given in Table 1.
Table 1 — Passenger capacity - Examples
Average weight of a person (kg)
Country
used to calculate load capacity
Australia 75
China 75
India 68
Japan 65
Korea 65
South Africa 75
USA 72,5
These alternative values may be used in order to formulate new passenger capacities according to the rated
load in kg, with only the load plate displayed in the lift car according to EN 81-20:2014, 5.4.2.3.2 being
affected.
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This will however affect the traffic design and handling which will be based on the number of persons being
moved within a specified time limit.
It is recommended that all car sizes be based on those found in the ISO 4190 series.
5.10 References to EN standards
In order to unify the requirements at an international level, EN 81-20 and EN 81-50 refer to ISO or IEC
versions of documents supporting the standard wherever possible. However, there is a need in some areas of
design to quote either specific EN standards, which are harmonized to European legislation, or EN standards
for which there are no ISO or IEC equivalents.
Some countries that wish to adopt EN 81-20 and EN 81-50 standards may not have implemented these EN
standards for various socio-economic reasons and/or national law. In this case, it may be appropriate for them
to use their own National standards as substitutes while still maintaining the same level of safety. The case for
using such National standards can only be made by the local authority in the appropriate country. The
following table lists all other standards referenced in EN 81-20 and EN 81-50 standards and provides
information related to possible alternatives.
Table 2 and Table 3 give the list of equivalent ISO/IEC documents to the standards referenced in EN 81-20
and EN 81-50.
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Table 2 — References of standards within EN 81–20:2014
Reference of standards Equivalent ISO/IEC Remarks
EN 81–21, Safety rules for the construction and installation of
None EN 81–21 is applicable
lifts - Lifts for the transport of persons and goods - Part 21: for existing buildings,
New passenger and goods passenger lifts in existing building
when building
dimensions may not
allow full compliance to
EN 81–20. Therefore,
it is not necessary to
have EN 81–21 as
national standard to
comply with EN 81–20
requirements.
EN 81–28, Safety rules for the construction and installation of None Previous text from
lifts – Lifts for the transport of persons and goods - Part 28: EN 81–1 and EN 81–2
Remote alarm on passenger and goods passenger lifts
may be suitable for use
in some countries.
EN 81–50, Safety rules for the construction and installation of None
lifts – Examinations and tests - Part 50: Design rules,
calculations, examinations and tests of lift components
EN 81–58, Safety rules for the construction and installation of None Some countries are
lifts - Examinations and tests - Part 58: Landing door fire using BS 476–22,
resistance test EN 1634–1 or
ISO 3008-1.
ISO 3008-2,
specifically for lift
landing doors, is under
development.
EN 131–2:2010+A1:2012, Ladders - Requirements, testing, None
marking
EN 1993–1-1, Eurocode 3 - Design of steel structures - Part None
1–1: General rules and rules for buildings
EN 10305–1, Steel tubes for precision applications - None
Technical delivery conditions - Seamless cold drawn tubes
EN 10305–2, Steel tubes for precision applications - None
Technical delivery conditions - Welded cold drawn tubes
EN 10305–3, Steel tubes for precision applications -
None
Technical delivery conditions - Welded cold sized tubes
EN 10305–4, Steel tubes for precision applications - None
Technical delivery conditions - Part 4: Seamless cold drawn
tubes for hydraulic and pneumatic power systems
EN 10305–5, Steel tubes for precision applications - None
Technical delivery conditions - Part 5: Welded cold sized
square and rectangular tubes
EN 10305–6, Steel tubes for precision applications - None
Technical delivery conditions - Part 6: Welded cold drawn
tubes for hydraulic and pneumatic power systems
EN 12015, Electromagnetic compatibility - Product family None ISO 22199 is being
standard for lifts, escalators and passenger conveyors - aligned with EN 12015
Emission
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EN 12016, Electromagnetic compatibility - Product family None ISO 22200 is being
standard for lifts, escalators and passenger conveyors - aligned with EN 12016
Immunity
EN 12385–5, Steel wire ropes - Safety - Stranded ropes for
None
lifts
EN 12600:2002, Glass in building - Pendulum test - Impact None
test method and classification for flat glass
EN 13015, Maintenance for lifts and escalators - Rules for None
maintenance instructions
EN 13501–1, Fire classification of construction products and None
building elements - Part 1: Classification using test data from
reaction to fire tests
EN 50205, Relays with forcibly guided (mechanically linked) None
contacts
EN 50214, Flat polyvinyl chloride sheathed flexible cables
IEC 60227–6:2001
EN 50274, Low-voltage switchgear and controlgear
None
assemblies - Protection against electric shock - Protection
against unintentional direct contact with hazardous live parts
EN 60204–1:2006, Safety of machinery - Electrical equipment IEC 60204–1:2006
of machines - Part 1: General requirements
EN 60529, Specification for degrees of protection provided by IEC 60529
enclosures (IP Code)
EN 60664–1, Insulation coordination for equipment within low- IEC 60664–1
voltage systems - Part 1: Principles, requirements and tests
EN 60947–4-1:2010, Low-voltage switchgear and controlgear IEC 60947–4-1:2009
- Part 4: Contactors and motor-starters - Section 1:
Electromechanical contactors and motor-starters
EN 60947–5-1:2004, Low-voltage switchgear and controlgear IEC 60947–5-1:2003
- Part 5: Control circuit devices and switching elements -
Section 1: Electromechanical control circuit devices
EN 60947–5-5, Low-voltage switchgear and controlgear - Part IEC 60947–5-5
5: Control circuit devices and switching elements - Section 5:
Electrical emergency stop devices with mechanical latching
function
EN 61310–3, Safety of machinery - Indication, marking and
IEC 61310–3
...
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