SIST EN ISO 14819-3:2014

Intelligent transport systems - Traffic and travel information messages via traffic message coding - Part 3: Location referencing for Radio Data System - Traffic message Channel (RDS-TMC) using ALERT-C (ISO 14819-3:2013)

ISO 14819 sets out ways of specifying places and positions in traffic and travel information messages, including RDS-TMC messages (the Radio Data System - Traffic Message Channel). It primarily addresses the needs of RDS-TMC ALERT-C messages which are already being implemented. However, the modular approach used here is intended to facilitate future extension of the location referencing rules to other traffic and travel messaging systems. The location referencing rules defined in this part of ISO 14819 address the specific requirements of Traffic Message Channel (TMC) systems, which use abbreviated coding formats to provide TTI messages. In particular, the rules address the Radio Data System - Traffic Message Channel (RDS-TMC), a means of providing digitally-coded traffic and travel information to travellers using a silent data channel (RDS) on FM radio stations, based on the ALERT-C protocol.

Intelligente Transportsysteme - Verkehrs- und Reiseinformationen über Verkehrsmeldungskodierung - Teil 3:Ortsreferenzierung für den digitalen Radio für Verkehrsmeldungen (RDS-TMC) unter Nutzung von ALERT-C (ISO 14819-3:2013)

Dieser Teil von ISO 14819 beschreibt die Art, wie Orte und Positionen in Verkehrs- und Reiseinformations-meldungen, einschließlich RDS-TMC-Meldungen, angegeben werden. Sie ist in erster Linie auf die Anforderungen von RDS-TMC-Meldungen in ALERT-C ausgerichtet, welche bereits implementiert sind. Der hier verwendete modulare Ansatz soll jedoch eine zukünftige Erweiterung der Ortsreferenzierungsregeln für andere Verkehrs- und Reisemeldungssysteme erleichtern.
Die in diesem Teil von ISO 14819 festgelegten Ortsreferenzierungregeln sind auf die spezifischen Anfor-derungen von Verkehrsmeldungskanal-Systemen (TMC-Systemen) ausgerichtet, in denen abgekürzte Kodierungsformate zur Bereitstellung von TTI-Meldungen zum Einsatz kommen. Die Regeln gelten insbesondere für den digitalen Radiokanal für Verkehrsmeldungen (RDS-TMC), den FM-Radiosender nutzen, um Reisenden digital kodierte TTI über einen stummen Datenkanal (RDS) auf der Basis des ALERT C-Protokolls bereitzustellen.

Systèmes intelligents de transport - Informations sur le trafic et le tourisme via le codage de messages sur le trafic - Partie 3: Références de localisants pour le système de radiodiffusion de données (RDS) - Canal de messages d'informations sur le trafic (RDS-TMC) avec ALERT-C ((ISO 14819-3:2013)

L'ISO 14819-3:2004 couvre principalement les besoins des messages RDS-TMC selon le protocole ALERT-C, qui sont déjà en cours de mise en oeuvre. Cependant, l'approche modulaire utilisée ici est destinée à faciliter l'extension future des règles de référencement géographique à d'autres systèmes de messagerie d'informations trafic et voyageurs.
Les règles de référencement géographique définies dans l'ISO 14819-3:2004 couvrent les exigences spécifiques des systèmes TMC (Traffic Message Channel, Canal de messages routiers), qui utilisent des formats de codage abrégés pour fournir des messages TTI sur des supports d'information vers les mobiles (tels que GSM, DAB) ou par l'intermédiaire de protocoles d'échange comme DATEX. Ces règles traitent notamment du RDS-TMC qui est un moyen de fournir des informations trafic et voyageurs codées numériquement à des usagers utilisant un canal de données silencieux (RDS) diffusées par des stations de radiodiffusion en FM, sur la base du protocole ALERT-C.

Inteligentni transportni sistemi - Sporočila prometnih in potovalnih informacij prek kodiranih prometnih sporočil - 3. del: Navajanje lokacije za radijski podatkovni sistem (RDS) - Prometni informacijski kanal (RDS-TMC), ki uporablja sistem ALERT-C (ISO 14819-3:2013)

General Information

• Status: Withdrawn
• Public Enquiry End Date: 30-Sep-2011
• Publication Date: 07-Jan-2014
• Withdrawal Date: 17-Mar-2021
• ICS: 03.220.20 - Road transport
• ICS: 35.240.60 - IT applications in transport
• Technical Committee: ITC - Information technology
• Current Stage: 9900 - Withdrawal (Adopted Project)
• Start Date: 18-Mar-2021
• Due Date: 10-Apr-2021
• Completion Date: 18-Mar-2021
• Ref Project: EN ISO 14819-3:2013 - Intelligent transport systems - Traffic and travel information messages via traffic message coding - Part 3: Location referencing for Radio Data System - Traffic Message Channel (RDS-TMC) using ALERT-C (ISO 14819-3:2013)

Relations

• Replaced By: SIST EN ISO 14819-3:2021 - Intelligent transport systems - Traffic and travel information messages via traffic message coding - Part 3: Location referencing for Radio Data System - Traffic Message Channel (RDS-TMC) using ALERT-C (ISO 14819-3:2021)
• Effective Date: 01-May-2021
• Replaced By: SIST EN ISO 14819-3:2021 - Intelligent transport systems - Traffic and travel information messages via traffic message coding - Part 3: Location referencing for Radio Data System - Traffic Message Channel (RDS-TMC) using ALERT-C (ISO 14819-3:2021)
• Effective Date: 08-Jun-2022
• Replaces: SIST EN ISO 14819-3:2004 - Traffic and Travel Information (TTI) - TTI messages via traffic message coding - Part 3: Location referencing for ALERT-C (ISO 14819-3:2004)
• Effective Date: 01-Mar-2014

Standards Content (Sample)

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST EN ISO 14819-3:2014
01-marec-2014
1DGRPHãþD
SIST EN ISO 14819-3:2004
,QWHOLJHQWQLWUDQVSRUWQLVLVWHPL6SRURþLODSURPHWQLKLQSRWRYDOQLKLQIRUPDFLMSUHN
NRGLUDQLKSURPHWQLKVSRURþLOGHO1DYDMDQMHORNDFLMH]DUDGLMVNLSRGDWNRYQL
VLVWHP5'63URPHWQLLQIRUPDFLMVNLNDQDO5'670&NLXSRUDEOMDVLVWHP
$/(57&,62
Intelligent transport systems - Traffic and travel information messages via traffic
message coding - Part 3: Location referencing for Radio Data System - Traffic message
Channel (RDS-TMC) using ALERT-C (ISO 14819-3:2013)
Intelligente Transportsysteme - Verkehrs- und Reiseinformationen über
Verkehrsmeldungskodierung - Teil 3:Ortsreferenzierung für den digitalen Radio für
Verkehrsmeldungen (RDS-TMC) unter Nutzung von ALERT-C (ISO 14819-3:2013)
Systèmes intelligents de transport - Informations sur le trafic et le tourisme via le codage
de messages sur le trafic - Partie 3: Références de localisants pour le système de
radiodiffusion de données (RDS) - Canal de messages d'informations sur le trafic (RDS-
TMC) avec ALERT-C ((ISO 14819-3:2013)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN ISO 14819-3:2013
ICS:
03.220.20 Cestni transport Road transport
35.240.60 Uporabniške rešitve IT v IT applications in transport
transportu in trgovini and trade
SIST EN ISO 14819-3:2014 en,fr
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

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SIST EN ISO 14819-3:2014

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SIST EN ISO 14819-3:2014

EUROPEAN STANDARD
EN ISO 14819-3

NORME EUROPÉENNE

EUROPÄISCHE NORM
December 2013
ICS 03.220.20; 35.240.60 Supersedes EN ISO 14819-3:2004
English Version
Intelligent transport systems - Traffic and travel information
messages via traffic message coding - Part 3: Location
referencing for Radio Data System - Traffic Message Channel
(RDS-TMC) using ALERT-C (ISO 14819-3:2013)
Systèmes intelligents de transport - Informations sur le trafic Intelligente Transportsysteme - Verkehrs- und
et le tourisme via le codage de messages sur le trafic - Reiseinformationen über Verkehrsmeldungskodierung - Teil
Partie 3: Références de localisants pour le système de 3: Ortsreferenzierung für den digitalen Radio für
radiodiffusion de données (RDS) - Canal de messages Verkehrsmeldungen (RDS-TMC) unter Nutzung von
d'informations sur le trafic (RDS-TMC) avec ALERT-C (ISO ALERT-C (ISO 14819-3:2013)
14819-3:2013)
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 26 October 2013.

CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European
Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national
standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member.

This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation
under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same
status as the official versions.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,
Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United
Kingdom.





EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION

EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG

CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels
© 2013 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN ISO 14819-3:2013 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

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SIST EN ISO 14819-3:2014
EN ISO 14819-3:2013 (E)
Contents Page
Foreword .3

2

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SIST EN ISO 14819-3:2014
EN ISO 14819-3:2013 (E)
Foreword
This document (EN ISO 14819-3:2013) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 204 “Intelligent
transport systems” in collaboration with Technical Committee CEN/TC 278 “Intelligent transport systems” the
secretariat of which is held by NEN.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical
text or by endorsement, at the latest by June 2014, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at
the latest by June 2014.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This document supersedes EN ISO 14819-3:2004.
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following
countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech
Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece,
Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,
Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom.
Endorsement notice
The text of ISO 14819-3:2013 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 14819-3:2013 without any modification.


3

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SIST EN ISO 14819-3:2014

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SIST EN ISO 14819-3:2014

INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 14819-3
Second edition
2013-12-01


Intelligent transport systems — Traffic
and travel information messages via
traffic message coding —
Part 3:
Location referencing for Radio Data
System — Traffic Message Channel (RDS-
TMC) using ALERT-C
Systèmes intelligents de transport — Informations sur le trafic et le
tourisme via le codage de messages sur le trafic —
Partie 3: Références de localisants pour le système de radiodiffusion de
données (RDS) — Canal de messages d'informations sur le trafic
(RDS-TMC) avec ALERT-C




Reference number
ISO 14819-3:2013(E)
©
ISO 2013

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SIST EN ISO 14819-3:2014
ISO 14819-3:2013(E)

COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT


©  ISO 2013
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any
means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission.
Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
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Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11
Fax + 41 22 749 09 47
E-mail [e-mail]
Web www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland

ii © ISO 2013 – All rights reserved

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SIST EN ISO 14819-3:2014
ISO 14819-3:2013(E)
Contents Page
Foreword . v
Introduction . vii
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Abbreviated terms . 1
4 Location coding . 2
4.1 General . 2
4.2 Location tables . 3
4.2.1 General . 3
4.2.2 Versions and versioning of location tables . 3
4.2.3 Exchanging location tables . 4
4.2.4 Hierarchical structure . 4
4.2.5 Offsets . 5
4.2.6 Location types . 6
4.2.7 Direction of the road . 6
4.2.8 Country codes and location table numbers . 6
4.2.9 Constraints . 7
4.3 TMC Location categories, types and subtypes . 7
4.4 Location table content . 7
4.4.1 General . 7
4.4.2 Nominal record content . 7
4.4.3 Road descriptions . 12
4.4.4 Names . 12
4.4.5 Upward references . 12
4.4.6 Offsets . 13
4.4.7 Urban . 13
4.4.8 Intersection reference . 13
4.4.9 WGS 84 co-ordinates . 13
4.4.10 InterruptsRoad . 13
4.5 Detailed junction referencing . 14
4.5.1 Conventional junctions . 14
4.5.2 Complex junctions . 14
4.5.3 Detailed coding of link roads . 14
4.6 Detailed situation locations . 15
4.6.1 Normal location referencing . 15
4.6.2 Detailed location referencing . 15
4.6.3 Precise location referencing . 15
4.7 One and two way locations . 15
4.7.1 Basic principles . 15
4.7.2 Junctions . 15
4.7.3 Locations having only an exit or entry and locations occurring on one side only . 15
Annex A (normative) TMC Location categories, types and subtypes . 18
A.1 General . 18
A.2 Area locations . 18
A.3 Linear locations . 20
A.4 Point locations . 22
Annex B (normative) Location table numbers . 28
Annex C (normative) Detailed methods for the usage of location tables . 31
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SIST EN ISO 14819-3:2014
ISO 14819-3:2013(E)
C.1 Methods for referencing affected road sections .31
C.1.1 General .31
C.1.2 Pre-defined primary location + extent .31
C.1.3 Pre-defined primary and secondary locations .32
C.1.4 Distance markers (primary location + extent).32
C.1.5 Distance markers (primary + secondary location) .33
C.1.6 Primary and secondary locations using pre-defined location, extent and distances .33
C.1.7 Primary and secondary locations using pre-defined locations + distances .34
C.1.8 Describing the extent of an event in ALERT-C .34
C.1.9 Co-ordinates (primary + secondary locations) .36
C.1.10 Proprietary referencing systems, e.g. GDF .36
C.1.11 Text location naming .36
C.1.12 Precise location referencing .36
C.2 Methods for referencing specific features .40
C.2.1 Parking facilities .40
C.2.2 Other isolated POIs .42
C.2.3 Parallel Roads .43
C.2.4 Interrupted Roads .45
C.3 Methods for identifying and exchanging location tables .46
C.3.1 Identifying versions of a location table .46
C.3.2 Exchanging location tables – the Location Table Exchange Format .46
Annex D (informative) Background information .66
D.1 Overall approach.66
D.1.1 General .66
D.1.2 Pre-defined locations .66
D.1.3 GDF features .67
Bibliography . Error! Bookmark not defined.

iv © ISO 2013 – All rights reserved

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SIST EN ISO 14819-3:2014
ISO 14819-3:2013(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies
(ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO
technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been
established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and
non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the
International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described
in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the different types of
ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the
ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. www.iso.org/directives
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of any patent
rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or on the ISO list of
patent declarations received. www.iso.org/patents
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity assessment,
as well as information about ISO's adherence to the WTO principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT)
see the following URL: Foreword - Supplementary information
The committee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 204, Intelligent transport systems.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 14819-3:2004), which has been technically
revised.
ISO 14819 consists of the following parts, under the general title Intelligent transport systems — Traffic and
travel information messages via traffic message coding:
 Part 1: Coding protocol for Radio Data System — Traffic Message Channel (RDS-TMC) using ALERT-C
 Part 2: Event and information codes for Radio Data System — Traffic Message Channel (RDS-TMC)
using ALERT-C
 Part 3: Location referencing for Radio Data System — Traffic message Channel (RDS-TMC) using
ALERT-C
 Part 6: Encryption and conditional access for the Radio Data System — Traffic Message Channel ALERT
C coding
Compared to previous releases, this version includes the following additions:
 Precise location referencing
 Tendencies of Traffic Queue Lengths (TTQL)
 Coding of parking POIs
 Coding of interrupted roads
© ISO 2013 – All rights reserved v

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SIST EN ISO 14819-3:2014
ISO 14819-3:2013(E)
 Coding of other isolated POIs (except parking POIs)
 Coding of parallel roads
 Version identification of TMC location tables
 Location Table Exchange Format
 North American Safety Events in TMC
 Explicit Location Table Country Code transmission in TMC
 Guidelines for Service Providers and Terminal Manufacturers for Implementation of explicit Location
Table Country Code transmission
 Coding of link roads
 GB-English - List of Quantifiers
 Additional Event Codes identified by Germany
 Additional TMC Events from Danish proposal
 Additional TMC Supplementary Information: Unconfirmed Report
 RDS-TMC delivery of IVR Telephone Number
 Coding of link roads
vi © ISO 2013 – All rights reserved

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SIST EN ISO 14819-3:2014
ISO 14819-3:2013(E)
Introduction
This part of ISO 14819 sets out ways of specifying places and positions in traffic and travel information
messages, including RDS-TMC messages (the Radio Data System - Traffic Message Channel).
It defines the structure and semantics of location tables for Traffic Information Centres (TICs) and receivers.
a) Traffic and travel messages;
1) Traffic and travel information is created and updated in an originating database, by human operators
or automated systems. Information is transferred to one or more remote systems by means of
messages.
2) In this context, a message is a collection of data which is exchanged to convey information for an
agreed purpose between two or more parties. Traffic and travel messages are digitally coded sets of
data exchanged by interested parties, which convey information about traffic, travel and/or transport
networks. Digital coding can be alphanumeric, as in EDIFACT, or binary, as in RDS-TMC.
3) The traffic and travel messages developed in programmes of the European Union are open, non-
proprietary proposals for standards intended to serve the public interest by facilitating interconnection
and interoperability of the relevant information systems.
b) Location referencing.
The location referencing component of a traffic and travel message enables a service provider to indicate the
physical location of the event being described. The management of TMC location databases requires on-
going maintenance. It is necessary to both manage location database ID allocation for countries implementing
TMC services and to validate new and updated location databases when ground features change. These
activities are led by service providers who also need to ensure that their end-users are kept up-to-date. The
Traveller Information Services Association (www.tisa.org) manages the ID allocation on a worldwide basis.
TISA provides location database validation for service providers who generally arrange location database
updates on a bi-annual cycle.
© ISO 2013 – All rights reserved vii

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SIST EN ISO 14819-3:2014

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SIST EN ISO 14819-3:2014
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 14819-3:2013(E)

Intelligent transport systems — Traffic and travel information
messages via traffic message coding —
Part 3:
Location referencing for Radio Data System — Traffic Message
Channel (RDS-TMC) using ALERT-C
1 Scope
This part of ISO 14819 sets out ways of specifying places and positions in traffic and travel information
messages, including RDS-TMC messages (the Radio Data System - Traffic Message Channel). It primarily
addresses the needs of RDS-TMC ALERT-C messages which are already being implemented. However, the
modular approach used here is intended to facilitate future extension of the location referencing rules to other
traffic and travel messaging systems.
The location referencing rules defined in this part of ISO 14819 address the specific requirements of Traffic
Message Channel (TMC) systems, which use abbreviated coding formats to provide TTI messages. In
particular, the rules address the Radio Data System - Traffic Message Channel (RDS-TMC), a means of
providing digitally-coded traffic and travel information to travellers using a silent data channel (RDS) on FM
radio stations, based on the ALERT-C protocol.
2 Normative references
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are
indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references,
the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO/IEC 8859-15:1999, Information technology — 8-bit single-byte coded graphic character sets — Part 15:
Latin alphabet No. 9
ISO/IEC 10646:2012, Information technology — Universal Coded Character Set (UCS)
ISO 14819-1:2013, Intelligent transport systems — Traffic and travel information messages via traffic
message coding — Part 1: Coding protocol for Radio Data System — Traffic Message Channel (RDS-TMC)
using ALERT-C
ISO 14825:2011, Intelligent transport systems — Geographic Data Files (GDF) — GDF5.0
IEC 62106:2009, Specification of the radio data system (RDS) for VHF/FM sound broadcasting in the
frequency range from 87,5 to 108,0 MHz
NIMA Technical Report TR8350.2, US Department of Defense
3 Abbreviated terms
For the purposes of this document, the following abbreviated terms apply:
© ISO 2013 – All rights reserved 1

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SIST EN ISO 14819-3:2014
ISO 14819-3:2013(E)
ALERT-C Advice and problem Location for European Road Traffic, Version C
ASCII American Standard Code for Information Interchange
CCD Country code
CID Country Identifier
CLST Code of Location Subtype
CNAME Country name
ECC Extended Country Code (an RDS feature)
EDIFACT Electronic Data Interchange For Administration Commerce and Transport
GDF Geographic Data Files (ISO 14825 for modelling and exchange of geographic data for
transport telematics applications.)
LC Location Code
LTCC Location Table Country Code
LTN Location Table Number
NIMA National Imagery and Mapping Agency (US)
POI Point of Interest
RDS Radio Data System (digital information channel on FM sub carrier)
TIC Traffic Information Centre
TISA Traveller Information Services Association
TMC Traffic Message Channel
TTI Traffic and Travel Information
WGS 84 World Geodetic System 1984
4 Location coding
4.1 General
Location references used by RDS-TMC are covered by the location referencing rules defined in this section.
The ALERT-C coding protocol for RDS-TMC is defined in The following documents, in whole or in part, are
normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only
the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any
amendments) applies.
ISO/IEC 8859-15:1999, Information technology — 8-bit single-byte coded graphic character sets — Part 15:
Latin alphabet No. 9
ISO/IEC 10646:2012, Information technology — Universal Coded Character Set (UCS)
2 © ISO 2013 – All rights reserved

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SIST EN ISO 14819-3:2014
ISO 14819-3:2013(E)
ISO 14819-1.
ALERT-C supports a digital, silent data broadcast service for motorists, providing information about many
kinds of traffic situations. This includes roadwork, weather and traffic incident information relating to major
national and international roads, regional roads and local or urban roads.
4.2 Location tables
4.2.1 General
Within RDS-TMC, locations are identified and referenced by their location code. A given RDS-TMC service
uses a pre-defined location table, containing the pre-stored details of the locations that can be referenced in
messages from that service.
A location code in such a message refers and serves as a tabular ‘address’ of the pre-stored location details
in th
...