SIST ISO 15202-1:2020
Workplace air - Determination of metals and metalloids in airborne particulate matter by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry - Part 1: Sampling
Workplace air - Determination of metals and metalloids in airborne particulate matter by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry - Part 1: Sampling
This document specifies a method for collecting samples of airborne particulate matter for subsequent determination of metals and metalloids using inductively coupled plasma — atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES). Samples obtained using the method described herein can also be subsequently analysed for elemental composition by other instrumental methods, such as atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS) or inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS).
The method is not applicable to the sampling of mercury, which is present in air in the vapour phase at ambient temperatures; inorganic compounds of metals and metalloids that are permanent gases, e.g. arsine (AsH3); or inorganic compounds of metals and metalloids that are present in the vapour phase at ambient temperatures, e.g. arsenic trioxide (As2O3).
NOTE Although the method does not describe a means of collecting inorganic compounds of metals and metalloids that are present in the vapour phase, in most instances this is relatively easily to achieve by using a back-up filter which has been pre-treated to trap the compound(s) of interest, e.g. a back-up paper pad impregnated with sodium carbonate is suitable for collecting arsenic trioxide (see ISO 11041[2]).
The method is applicable to personal sampling of the inhalable, thoracic or respirable fraction of airborne particles, as defined in ISO 7708, and to static sampling.
This document excludes sampling of surfaces or bulk materials. Guidance on collection of samples for surfaces may be found in ASTM D7659[7].
Air des lieux de travail - Détermination des métaux et métalloïdes dans les particules en suspension dans l'air par spectrométrie d'émission atomique avec plasma à couplage inductif - Partie 1: Échantillonnage
Le présent document spécifie une méthode de collecte d'échantillons de matičre particulaire en suspension dans l'air en vue du dosage ultérieur des métaux et métalloďdes par spectrométrie d'émission atomique avec plasma ŕ couplage inductif (ICP-AES). Les échantillons obtenus en utilisant la méthode décrite ici peuvent aussi ętre analysés par d'autres méthodes instrumentales afin de déterminer leur composition élémentaire, par exemple par spectrométrie d'absorption atomique (AAS) ou spectrométrie de masse avec plasma ŕ couplage inductif (ICP-MS).
La méthode n'est pas applicable au prélčvement du mercure, qui est présent dans l'air en phase vapeur aux températures ambiantes, des composés inorganiques de métaux et métalloďdes qui sont des gaz permanents, tels l'arsine (AsH3) ou des composés inorganiques de métaux et métalloďdes qui sont présents en phase vapeur aux températures ambiantes, tel le trioxyde d'arsenic (As2O3).
NOTE Bien que la méthode ne décrive pas de mode opératoire de collecte de composés inorganiques de métaux et métalloďdes présents en phase vapeur, dans la plupart des cas cela est relativement facile ŕ effectuer en utilisant un tampon de support qui a été prétraité pour capter le ou les composés intéressants, par exemple un tampon en papier imprégné de carbonate de sodium pour recueillir le trioxyde d'arsenic (voir l'ISO 11041[2]).
La méthode est applicable au prélčvement individuel pour la fraction inhalable, thoracique ou alvéolaire de particules en suspension dans l'air, selon la définition de l'ISO 7708, et au prélčvement ŕ point fixe.
Le présent document exclut le prélčvement de surfaces ou de matériaux solides. Des recommandations relatives aux prélčvements de surfaces peuvent ętre trouvées dans l'ASTM D7659[7].
Zrak na delovnem mestu - Določevanje kovin in polkovin v lebdečih delcih z atomsko emisijsko spektrometrijo z induktivno sklopljeno plazmo - 1. del: Vzorčenje
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INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 15202-1
Third edition
2020-06
Workplace air — Determination of
metals and metalloids in airborne
particulate matter by inductively
coupled plasma atomic emission
spectrometry —
Part 1:
Sampling
Air des lieux de travail — Détermination des métaux et métalloïdes
dans les particules en suspension dans l'air par spectrométrie
d'émission atomique avec plasma à couplage inductif —
Partie 1: Prélèvement d’échantillons
Reference number
ISO 15202-1:2020(E)
©
ISO 2020
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
ISO 15202-1:2020(E)
COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT
© ISO 2020
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting
on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address
below or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: +41 22 749 01 11
Email: copyright@iso.org
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2020 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 2 ----------------------
ISO 15202-1:2020(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 2
4 Principle . 2
5 Requirement . 2
6 Sampling equipment . 2
6.1 Samplers . 2
6.2 Filters . 3
6.3 Sampling pumps . 3
6.4 Flowmeter . 3
6.5 Ancillary equipment . 3
7 Occupational exposure assessment . 4
7.1 General . 4
7.2 Personal sampling . 4
7.3 Static sampling . 4
7.4 Selection of measurement conditions and measurement pattern . 4
7.4.1 General. 4
7.4.2 Screening measurements of variation of concentration in time/and or space . 4
7.4.3 Screening measurements of time-weighted average concentration and
reasonable worst-case measurements . 5
7.4.4 Measurements near an emission source . 5
7.4.5 Measurements for comparison with limit values and periodic measurements . 5
8 Sampling method . 5
8.1 Preliminary considerations . 5
8.1.1 Selection and use of samplers . 5
8.1.2 Sampling period . 6
8.1.3 Temperature and pressure effects . 6
8.1.4 Handling of collection substrates . 7
8.2 Preparation for sampling . 7
8.2.1 Cleaning of samplers . 7
8.2.2 Loading the samplers with collection substrates . 7
8.2.3 Setting the volumetric flow rate . 7
8.2.4 Field blanks . 7
8.3 Sampling position . 7
8.3.1 Personal sampling . 7
8.3.2 Static sampling . 8
8.4 Collection of samples . 8
8.5 Transportation . 9
9 Documentation . 9
9.1 Sampling information . 9
9.2 Information to accompany the request for analytical services .10
Annex A (informative) Sampler wall deposits .11
Annex B (informative) Guidance on filter selection .13
Annex C (informative) Temperature and pressure correction for the indicated volumetric
flow rate .16
Bibliography .17
© ISO 2020 – All rights reserved iii
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ISO 15202-1:2020(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www .iso .org/ directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www .iso .org/ patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the
World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see www .iso .org/
iso/ foreword .html.
This document was prepared by was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 146, Air quality,
Subcommittee SC 2, Workplace atmospheres.
This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition (ISO 15202-1:2012), which has been
technically revised. The main changes compared to the previous edition are as follows:
— definitions that appear in ISO 18158 have been removed from this document, with ISO 18158 being
added as a reference (replacing references to EN 1540);
— references to EN 482 have been replaced with ISO 20581, and references to EN 13890 have been
replaced with ISO 21832;
— information regarding sampling pumps has been replaced with ISO 13137;
— the text has been editorially updated.
A list of all parts in the ISO 15202 series can be found on the ISO website.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www .iso .org/ members .html.
iv © ISO 2020 – All rights reserved
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ISO 15202-1:2020(E)
Introduction
The health of workers in many industries is at risk through exposure by inhalation of toxic metals
and metalloids. Industrial hygienists and other public health professionals need to determine the
effectiveness of measures taken to control workers' exposure, and this is generally achieved by taking
workplace air measurements. This document has been published in order to make available a method
for making valid exposure measurements for a wide range of metals and metalloids in use in industry.
It will be of benefit to: agencies concerned with health and safety at work; industrial hygienists and
other public health professionals; analytical laboratories; industrial users of metals and metalloids and
their workers, etc.
This document specifies a generic sampling method for subsequent determination of the mass
concentration of metals and metalloids in workplace air using inductively coupled plasma atomic
emission spectrometry (ICP-AES). Samples obtained using the method described herein can also be
subsequently analysed by other instrumental methods, such as atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS)
or inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS).
This document gives details of relevant International, European and National Standards which
specify characteristics, performance requirements and test methods relating to sampling equipment.
It augments guidance provided elsewhere on assessment strategy and measurement strategy and
specifies a method for collecting samples of airborne particulate matter for subsequent chemical
analysis.
ISO 15202-2 describes a number of procedures for preparing sample solutions for analysis by ICP-AES.
ISO 15202-3 gives requirements and test methods for analysis of sample solutions by ICP-AES.
It has been assumed in the drafting of this document the execution of its provisions, and the
interpretation of the results obtained, is entrusted to appropriately qualified and experienced people.
© ISO 2020 – All rights reserved v
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INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 15202-1:2020(E)
Workplace air — Determination of metals and metalloids
in airborne particulate matter by inductively coupled
plasma atomic emission spectrometry —
Part 1:
Sampling
1 Scope
This document specifies a method for collecting samples of airborne particulate matter for subsequent
determination of metals and metalloids using inductively coupled plasma — atomic emission
spectrometry (ICP-AES). Samples obtained using the method described herein can also be subsequently
analysed for elemental composition by other instrumental methods, such as atomic absorption
spectrometry (AAS) or inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS).
The method is not applicable to the sampling of mercury, which is present in air in the vapour phase at
ambient temperatures; inorganic compounds of metals and metalloids that are permanent gases, e.g.
arsine (AsH ); or inorganic compounds of metals and metalloids that are present in the vapour phase at
3
ambient temperatures, e.g. arsenic trioxide (As O ).
2 3
NOTE Although the method does not describe a means of collecting inorganic compounds of metals and
metalloids that are present in the vapour phase, in most instances this is relatively easily to achieve by using
a back-up filter which has been pre-treated to trap the compound(s) of interest, e.g. a back-up paper pad
[2]
impregnated with sodium carbonate is suitable for collecting arsenic trioxide (see ISO 11041 ).
The method is applicable to personal sampling of the inhalable, thoracic or respirable fraction of
airborne particles, as defined in ISO 7708, and to static sampling.
This document excludes sampling of surfaces or bulk materials. Guidance on collection of samples for
[7]
surfaces may be found in ASTM D7659 .
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 7708:1995, Air quality — Particle size fraction definitions for health-related sampling
ISO 15202-2, Workplace air — Determination of metals and metalloids in airborne particulate matter by
inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry — Part 2: Sample preparation
ISO 15202-3, Workplace air — Determination of metals and metalloids in airborne particulate matter by
inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry — Part 3: Analysis
ISO 18158, Workplace air — Terminology
ISO 13137, Workplace atmospheres — Pumps for personal sampling of chemical and biological agents —
Requirements and test methods
ISO 21832, Workplace air — Metals and metalloids in airborne particles — Requirements for evaluation of
measuring procedures
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ISO 15202-1:2020(E)
ISO 20581, Workplace air — General requirements for the performance of procedures for the measurement
of chemical agents
EN 13205-1, Workplace exposure — Assessment of sampler performance for measurement of airborne
particle concentrations — Part 1: General requirements
EN 13890, Workplace atmospheres — Procedures for measuring metals and metalloids in airborne
particles — Requirements and test methods
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 18158 apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at http:// www .iso .org/ obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at http:// www .electropedia .org/
4 Principle
4.1 Airborne particles containing metals and metalloids are collected by drawing a measured volume
of air through a collection substrate (e.g. filter or foam) mounted in a sampler designed to collect an
appropriate size fraction of airborne particles (see 8.1.1.1).
4.2 The sample and collection substrate are then treated to dissolve the metals and metalloids of
interest using one or more of the sample preparation methods prescribed in ISO 15202-2.
4.3 The resultant solution is subsequently analysed for the metals and metalloids of interest using
inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry, as described in ISO 15202-3.
5 Requirement
The measuring procedure as a whole shall be as covered by this document, ISO 15202-2 and
ISO 15202-3, and should consider any relevant International, European or National Standard that
specifies performance requirements for procedures for measuring chemical agents in workplace air
(e.g. ISO 20581, ISO 21832 and EN 13890).
6 Sampling equipment
6.1 Samplers
6.1.1 Inhalable samplers, designed to collect the inhalable fraction of airborne particles, complying
with the provisions of EN 13205-1, for use when the limit value(s) for metals and metalloids of interest
apply to the inhalable fraction of airborne particles.
NOTE 1 In general, personal samplers for collection of the inhalable fraction of airborne particles do not
exhibit the same size selective characteristics if used for static sampling.
NOTE 2 Some inhalable samplers are designed to collect the inhalable fraction of airborne particles on
the collection substrate, and any particulate matter deposited on the internal surfaces of the sampler is not
of interest. Other inhalable samplers are designed such that airborne particles which pass through the entry
orifice(s) match the inhalable convention, in which case particulate matter deposited on the internal surfaces
of the sampler does form part of the sample. For many samplers, particulate matter deposited on the internal
surfaces of the sampler or insert is included as part of the sample. For more information on the issue of internal
wall deposits, see Annex A.
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ISO 15202-1:2020(E)
6.1.2 Thoracic samplers, designed to collect the thoracic fraction of airborne particles, complying
with the provisions of EN 13205-1, for use when the limit values for the metals and metalloids of interest
apply to the thoracic fraction of airborne particles.
6.1.3 Respirable samplers, designed to collect the respirable fraction of airborne particles, complying
with the provisions of EN 13205-1, for use when the limit values for the metals and metalloids of interest
apply to the respirable fraction of airborne particles.
NOTE For many samplers, internal wall deposits are included as part of the sample.
6.1.4 Multi-fraction samplers, designed to collect airborne particles and fractionate them so as to
enable two or more particle size fractions to be separately determined, complying with the provisions of
EN 13205-1, for use as an alternative to collecting multiple samples when limit values for the metals and
metalloids of interest apply to more than one particle size fraction.
Multi-fraction samplers sometimes use polyurethane foam to collect larger particles. In such cases, the
foam should be compatible with the selected sample preparation method (see ISO 15202-2) and should
have the same low metal content specified for filters in 6.2.
6.2 Filters
The filters shall be of a diameter suitable for use with the samplers (6.1), have a collection efficiency
of not less than 99,5 % for particles with a 0,3 µm diffusion diameter (see ISO 7708:1995 2.2), have a
very low metal content (typically less than 0,1 µg of each metal or metalloid of interest per filter) and be
compatible with the selected sample preparation method (see ISO 15202-2).
NOTE 1 See Annex B for guidance on filter selection.
NOTE 2 Besides filters, other types of collection substrates can be suitable, such as foams.
NOTE 3 Commercial products are available that combine a filter and an associated 'shell' that are heat-sealed
together to form a sampler insert that primarily collects airborne particles on the filter but also collects on the
shell particles that would otherwise be deposited on the internal walls of the sampler.
6.3 Sampling pumps
The sampling pumps shall conform with the requirements of ISO 13137 and be capable of maintaining
the selected flow rate (between 1 l/min and 5 l/min for personal sampling pumps, and between 5 l/
min and 400 l/min for high-volume sampling pumps) to within ±5 % of the nominal value throughout
the sampling period (see 8.1.2). For personal sampling, the pumps shall be capable of being worn by the
worker without impeding normal work activity.
6.4 Flowmeter
The flowmeter shall be portable and have an accuracy that is sufficient to enable the volumetric flow
rate (see 8.1.1.2) to be measured to within ±5 %.
The calibration of the flowmeter shall be checked against a primary standard, i.e. a flowmeter
whose accuracy is traceable to national standards. If appropriate (see 8.1.3), record the atmospheric
temperature and pressure at which the calibration of the flowmeter was checked.
It is advisable that the flowmeter used is capable of measuring the volumetric flow rate to within ±2 %
or better.
6.5 Ancillary equipment
6.5.1 Flexible tubing, of a diameter suitable for making a leakproof connection from the samplers
(6.1) to the sampling pumps (6.3).
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ISO 15202-1:2020(E)
6.5.2 Belts or harnesses, to which the sampling pumps can conveniently be fixed for personal
sampling (except where the sampling pumps are small enough to fit in workers' pockets).
6.5.3 Flat-tipped forceps, non-metallic (e.g. plastic or plastic-coated) for loading and unloading
collection substrates from samplers or from substrate transport cassettes.
6.5.4 Collection substrate transport cassettes or similar, if required (see 8.5.1), in which to
transport samples to the laboratory.
6.5.5 Thermometer, 0 °C to 50 °C, graduated in divisions of 1 °C or less, for measurement of
atmospheric temperature, if required (see 8.1.3).
6.5.6 Barometer, suitable for measurement of atmospheric pressure, if required (see 8.1.3).
7 Occupational exposure assessment
7.1 General
The scope of this document pertains to the taking of personal and static samples. Refer to relevant
[3] [5]
International, European or National Standards (e.g. EN 689 , ASTM E 1370 ) for guidance on how to
develop an appropriate assessment strategy and for general guidance on measurement strategy.
7.2 Personal sampling
Exposure of workers to metals and metalloids shall normally be determined by personal sampling,
since the concentration of metals and metalloids in the breathing zone is usually higher than their
background levels in the workplace.
7.3 Static sampling
Static sampling may be carried out, if appropriate, to assess the exposure of workers in a situation where
personal sampling is not possible (see Note in 8.1.2.1 for an example of such a situation); to characterize
the background levels of metals and metalloids in the workplace in order to give an indication of the
efficiency of ventilation; or to provide information on the location and intensity of an emission source.
7.4 Selection of measurement conditions and measurement pattern
7.4.1 General
7.4.1.1 Sampling shall be carried out in such a way as to cause the least possible interference with
the worker and the normal performance of the job, and to provide samples that are representative of
normal working conditions and that are compatible with the analytical method (see ISO 15202-2 and
ISO 15202-3).
7.4.1.2 The pattern of sampling shall take into consideration practical issues, such as the nature of the
measurement task and the frequency and duration of particular work activities.
7.4.2 Screening measurements of variation of concentration in time/and or space
Screening measurements of variation of concentration in time and/or space may be performed to
provide information on the likely pattern of concentration of chemical agents. They can be used to
identify locations and periods of elevated exposure and to set the duration and frequency of sampling for
measurements for comparison with limit values. Emission sources can be located and the effectiveness
of ventilation or other technical measures can be estimated (see ISO 20581).
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ISO 15202-1:2020(E)
7.4.3 Screening measurements of time-weighted average concentration and reasonable worst-
case measurements
7.4.3.1 Screening measurements of time-weighted average concentration may be performed to obtain
relatively crude information on the exposure level in order to decide whether an exposure problem exists
at all, and, if so, to appraise its possible seriousness. They can also be used to determine if the exposure is
well below or well above the limit value (see ISO 20581).
7.4.3.2 Screening measurements of time-weighted average concentration are typically carried out in
the initial stages of a survey to assess the effectiveness of control measures. Sampling may be carried out
during representative work episodes to obtain clear information about the level and pattern of exposure,
or reasonable worst-case measurements may be made.
NOTE Screening measurements of time-weighted average concentration made to clearly identify
work episodes during which highest exposure occurs are typically referred to as “reasonable worst-case
[3]
measurements” (see EN 689 ).
7.4.4 Measurements near an emission source
Measurements may be performed near an emission source to provide information on the location
and intensity of the source. In association with other information, they can allow the elimination of a
suspected source as a significant contributor to exposure (see ISO 20581).
7.4.5 Measurements for comparison with limit values and periodic measurements
7.4.5.1 Measurements for comparison with limit values
7.4.5.1.1 Measurements for comparison with limit values are performed to provide accurate and
reliable information on, or allow the prediction of, the time-weighted average concentration of a specific
chemical agent in the air that could be inhaled (see ISO 20581).
7.4.5.1.2 For metals and metalloids with short-term limit values, the sampling time shall be as close as
possible to the reference period, which is typically 15 min, but can be anything between 5 min and 30 min.
7.4.5.1.3 For metals and metalloids with long-term limit values, samples shall be collected for the
entire working period, if possible, or during a number
...
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST ISO 15202-1:2020
01-november-2020
Nadomešča:
SIST ISO 15202-1:2013
Zrak na delovnem mestu - Določevanje kovin in polkovin v lebdečih delcih z
atomsko emisijsko spektrometrijo z induktivno sklopljeno plazmo - 1. del:
Vzorčenje
Workplace air - Determination of metals and metalloids in airborne particulate matter by
inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry - Part 1: Sampling
Air des lieux de travail - Détermination des métaux et métalloïdes dans les particules en
suspension dans l'air par spectrométrie d'émission atomique avec plasma à couplage
inductif - Partie 1: Échantillonnage
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: ISO 15202-1:2020
ICS:
13.040.30 Kakovost zraka na delovnem Workplace atmospheres
mestu
SIST ISO 15202-1:2020 en,fr
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
SIST ISO 15202-1:2020
---------------------- Page: 2 ----------------------
SIST ISO 15202-1:2020
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 15202-1
Third edition
2020-06
Workplace air — Determination of
metals and metalloids in airborne
particulate matter by inductively
coupled plasma atomic emission
spectrometry —
Part 1:
Sampling
Air des lieux de travail — Détermination des métaux et métalloïdes
dans les particules en suspension dans l'air par spectrométrie
d'émission atomique avec plasma à couplage inductif —
Partie 1: Prélèvement d’échantillons
Reference number
ISO 15202-1:2020(E)
©
ISO 2020
---------------------- Page: 3 ----------------------
SIST ISO 15202-1:2020
ISO 15202-1:2020(E)
COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT
© ISO 2020
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting
on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address
below or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: +41 22 749 01 11
Email: copyright@iso.org
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2020 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 4 ----------------------
SIST ISO 15202-1:2020
ISO 15202-1:2020(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 2
4 Principle . 2
5 Requirement . 2
6 Sampling equipment . 2
6.1 Samplers . 2
6.2 Filters . 3
6.3 Sampling pumps . 3
6.4 Flowmeter . 3
6.5 Ancillary equipment . 3
7 Occupational exposure assessment . 4
7.1 General . 4
7.2 Personal sampling . 4
7.3 Static sampling . 4
7.4 Selection of measurement conditions and measurement pattern . 4
7.4.1 General. 4
7.4.2 Screening measurements of variation of concentration in time/and or space . 4
7.4.3 Screening measurements of time-weighted average concentration and
reasonable worst-case measurements . 5
7.4.4 Measurements near an emission source . 5
7.4.5 Measurements for comparison with limit values and periodic measurements . 5
8 Sampling method . 5
8.1 Preliminary considerations . 5
8.1.1 Selection and use of samplers . 5
8.1.2 Sampling period . 6
8.1.3 Temperature and pressure effects . 6
8.1.4 Handling of collection substrates . 7
8.2 Preparation for sampling . 7
8.2.1 Cleaning of samplers . 7
8.2.2 Loading the samplers with collection substrates . 7
8.2.3 Setting the volumetric flow rate . 7
8.2.4 Field blanks . 7
8.3 Sampling position . 7
8.3.1 Personal sampling . 7
8.3.2 Static sampling . 8
8.4 Collection of samples . 8
8.5 Transportation . 9
9 Documentation . 9
9.1 Sampling information . 9
9.2 Information to accompany the request for analytical services .10
Annex A (informative) Sampler wall deposits .11
Annex B (informative) Guidance on filter selection .13
Annex C (informative) Temperature and pressure correction for the indicated volumetric
flow rate .16
Bibliography .17
© ISO 2020 – All rights reserved iii
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SIST ISO 15202-1:2020
ISO 15202-1:2020(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www .iso .org/ directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www .iso .org/ patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the
World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see www .iso .org/
iso/ foreword .html.
This document was prepared by was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 146, Air quality,
Subcommittee SC 2, Workplace atmospheres.
This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition (ISO 15202-1:2012), which has been
technically revised. The main changes compared to the previous edition are as follows:
— definitions that appear in ISO 18158 have been removed from this document, with ISO 18158 being
added as a reference (replacing references to EN 1540);
— references to EN 482 have been replaced with ISO 20581, and references to EN 13890 have been
replaced with ISO 21832;
— information regarding sampling pumps has been replaced with ISO 13137;
— the text has been editorially updated.
A list of all parts in the ISO 15202 series can be found on the ISO website.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www .iso .org/ members .html.
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SIST ISO 15202-1:2020
ISO 15202-1:2020(E)
Introduction
The health of workers in many industries is at risk through exposure by inhalation of toxic metals
and metalloids. Industrial hygienists and other public health professionals need to determine the
effectiveness of measures taken to control workers' exposure, and this is generally achieved by taking
workplace air measurements. This document has been published in order to make available a method
for making valid exposure measurements for a wide range of metals and metalloids in use in industry.
It will be of benefit to: agencies concerned with health and safety at work; industrial hygienists and
other public health professionals; analytical laboratories; industrial users of metals and metalloids and
their workers, etc.
This document specifies a generic sampling method for subsequent determination of the mass
concentration of metals and metalloids in workplace air using inductively coupled plasma atomic
emission spectrometry (ICP-AES). Samples obtained using the method described herein can also be
subsequently analysed by other instrumental methods, such as atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS)
or inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS).
This document gives details of relevant International, European and National Standards which
specify characteristics, performance requirements and test methods relating to sampling equipment.
It augments guidance provided elsewhere on assessment strategy and measurement strategy and
specifies a method for collecting samples of airborne particulate matter for subsequent chemical
analysis.
ISO 15202-2 describes a number of procedures for preparing sample solutions for analysis by ICP-AES.
ISO 15202-3 gives requirements and test methods for analysis of sample solutions by ICP-AES.
It has been assumed in the drafting of this document the execution of its provisions, and the
interpretation of the results obtained, is entrusted to appropriately qualified and experienced people.
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SIST ISO 15202-1:2020
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SIST ISO 15202-1:2020
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 15202-1:2020(E)
Workplace air — Determination of metals and metalloids
in airborne particulate matter by inductively coupled
plasma atomic emission spectrometry —
Part 1:
Sampling
1 Scope
This document specifies a method for collecting samples of airborne particulate matter for subsequent
determination of metals and metalloids using inductively coupled plasma — atomic emission
spectrometry (ICP-AES). Samples obtained using the method described herein can also be subsequently
analysed for elemental composition by other instrumental methods, such as atomic absorption
spectrometry (AAS) or inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS).
The method is not applicable to the sampling of mercury, which is present in air in the vapour phase at
ambient temperatures; inorganic compounds of metals and metalloids that are permanent gases, e.g.
arsine (AsH ); or inorganic compounds of metals and metalloids that are present in the vapour phase at
3
ambient temperatures, e.g. arsenic trioxide (As O ).
2 3
NOTE Although the method does not describe a means of collecting inorganic compounds of metals and
metalloids that are present in the vapour phase, in most instances this is relatively easily to achieve by using
a back-up filter which has been pre-treated to trap the compound(s) of interest, e.g. a back-up paper pad
[2]
impregnated with sodium carbonate is suitable for collecting arsenic trioxide (see ISO 11041 ).
The method is applicable to personal sampling of the inhalable, thoracic or respirable fraction of
airborne particles, as defined in ISO 7708, and to static sampling.
This document excludes sampling of surfaces or bulk materials. Guidance on collection of samples for
[7]
surfaces may be found in ASTM D7659 .
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 7708:1995, Air quality — Particle size fraction definitions for health-related sampling
ISO 15202-2, Workplace air — Determination of metals and metalloids in airborne particulate matter by
inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry — Part 2: Sample preparation
ISO 15202-3, Workplace air — Determination of metals and metalloids in airborne particulate matter by
inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry — Part 3: Analysis
ISO 18158, Workplace air — Terminology
ISO 13137, Workplace atmospheres — Pumps for personal sampling of chemical and biological agents —
Requirements and test methods
ISO 21832, Workplace air — Metals and metalloids in airborne particles — Requirements for evaluation of
measuring procedures
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SIST ISO 15202-1:2020
ISO 15202-1:2020(E)
ISO 20581, Workplace air — General requirements for the performance of procedures for the measurement
of chemical agents
EN 13205-1, Workplace exposure — Assessment of sampler performance for measurement of airborne
particle concentrations — Part 1: General requirements
EN 13890, Workplace atmospheres — Procedures for measuring metals and metalloids in airborne
particles — Requirements and test methods
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 18158 apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at http:// www .iso .org/ obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at http:// www .electropedia .org/
4 Principle
4.1 Airborne particles containing metals and metalloids are collected by drawing a measured volume
of air through a collection substrate (e.g. filter or foam) mounted in a sampler designed to collect an
appropriate size fraction of airborne particles (see 8.1.1.1).
4.2 The sample and collection substrate are then treated to dissolve the metals and metalloids of
interest using one or more of the sample preparation methods prescribed in ISO 15202-2.
4.3 The resultant solution is subsequently analysed for the metals and metalloids of interest using
inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry, as described in ISO 15202-3.
5 Requirement
The measuring procedure as a whole shall be as covered by this document, ISO 15202-2 and
ISO 15202-3, and should consider any relevant International, European or National Standard that
specifies performance requirements for procedures for measuring chemical agents in workplace air
(e.g. ISO 20581, ISO 21832 and EN 13890).
6 Sampling equipment
6.1 Samplers
6.1.1 Inhalable samplers, designed to collect the inhalable fraction of airborne particles, complying
with the provisions of EN 13205-1, for use when the limit value(s) for metals and metalloids of interest
apply to the inhalable fraction of airborne particles.
NOTE 1 In general, personal samplers for collection of the inhalable fraction of airborne particles do not
exhibit the same size selective characteristics if used for static sampling.
NOTE 2 Some inhalable samplers are designed to collect the inhalable fraction of airborne particles on
the collection substrate, and any particulate matter deposited on the internal surfaces of the sampler is not
of interest. Other inhalable samplers are designed such that airborne particles which pass through the entry
orifice(s) match the inhalable convention, in which case particulate matter deposited on the internal surfaces
of the sampler does form part of the sample. For many samplers, particulate matter deposited on the internal
surfaces of the sampler or insert is included as part of the sample. For more information on the issue of internal
wall deposits, see Annex A.
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ISO 15202-1:2020(E)
6.1.2 Thoracic samplers, designed to collect the thoracic fraction of airborne particles, complying
with the provisions of EN 13205-1, for use when the limit values for the metals and metalloids of interest
apply to the thoracic fraction of airborne particles.
6.1.3 Respirable samplers, designed to collect the respirable fraction of airborne particles, complying
with the provisions of EN 13205-1, for use when the limit values for the metals and metalloids of interest
apply to the respirable fraction of airborne particles.
NOTE For many samplers, internal wall deposits are included as part of the sample.
6.1.4 Multi-fraction samplers, designed to collect airborne particles and fractionate them so as to
enable two or more particle size fractions to be separately determined, complying with the provisions of
EN 13205-1, for use as an alternative to collecting multiple samples when limit values for the metals and
metalloids of interest apply to more than one particle size fraction.
Multi-fraction samplers sometimes use polyurethane foam to collect larger particles. In such cases, the
foam should be compatible with the selected sample preparation method (see ISO 15202-2) and should
have the same low metal content specified for filters in 6.2.
6.2 Filters
The filters shall be of a diameter suitable for use with the samplers (6.1), have a collection efficiency
of not less than 99,5 % for particles with a 0,3 µm diffusion diameter (see ISO 7708:1995 2.2), have a
very low metal content (typically less than 0,1 µg of each metal or metalloid of interest per filter) and be
compatible with the selected sample preparation method (see ISO 15202-2).
NOTE 1 See Annex B for guidance on filter selection.
NOTE 2 Besides filters, other types of collection substrates can be suitable, such as foams.
NOTE 3 Commercial products are available that combine a filter and an associated 'shell' that are heat-sealed
together to form a sampler insert that primarily collects airborne particles on the filter but also collects on the
shell particles that would otherwise be deposited on the internal walls of the sampler.
6.3 Sampling pumps
The sampling pumps shall conform with the requirements of ISO 13137 and be capable of maintaining
the selected flow rate (between 1 l/min and 5 l/min for personal sampling pumps, and between 5 l/
min and 400 l/min for high-volume sampling pumps) to within ±5 % of the nominal value throughout
the sampling period (see 8.1.2). For personal sampling, the pumps shall be capable of being worn by the
worker without impeding normal work activity.
6.4 Flowmeter
The flowmeter shall be portable and have an accuracy that is sufficient to enable the volumetric flow
rate (see 8.1.1.2) to be measured to within ±5 %.
The calibration of the flowmeter shall be checked against a primary standard, i.e. a flowmeter
whose accuracy is traceable to national standards. If appropriate (see 8.1.3), record the atmospheric
temperature and pressure at which the calibration of the flowmeter was checked.
It is advisable that the flowmeter used is capable of measuring the volumetric flow rate to within ±2 %
or better.
6.5 Ancillary equipment
6.5.1 Flexible tubing, of a diameter suitable for making a leakproof connection from the samplers
(6.1) to the sampling pumps (6.3).
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SIST ISO 15202-1:2020
ISO 15202-1:2020(E)
6.5.2 Belts or harnesses, to which the sampling pumps can conveniently be fixed for personal
sampling (except where the sampling pumps are small enough to fit in workers' pockets).
6.5.3 Flat-tipped forceps, non-metallic (e.g. plastic or plastic-coated) for loading and unloading
collection substrates from samplers or from substrate transport cassettes.
6.5.4 Collection substrate transport cassettes or similar, if required (see 8.5.1), in which to
transport samples to the laboratory.
6.5.5 Thermometer, 0 °C to 50 °C, graduated in divisions of 1 °C or less, for measurement of
atmospheric temperature, if required (see 8.1.3).
6.5.6 Barometer, suitable for measurement of atmospheric pressure, if required (see 8.1.3).
7 Occupational exposure assessment
7.1 General
The scope of this document pertains to the taking of personal and static samples. Refer to relevant
[3] [5]
International, European or National Standards (e.g. EN 689 , ASTM E 1370 ) for guidance on how to
develop an appropriate assessment strategy and for general guidance on measurement strategy.
7.2 Personal sampling
Exposure of workers to metals and metalloids shall normally be determined by personal sampling,
since the concentration of metals and metalloids in the breathing zone is usually higher than their
background levels in the workplace.
7.3 Static sampling
Static sampling may be carried out, if appropriate, to assess the exposure of workers in a situation where
personal sampling is not possible (see Note in 8.1.2.1 for an example of such a situation); to characterize
the background levels of metals and metalloids in the workplace in order to give an indication of the
efficiency of ventilation; or to provide information on the location and intensity of an emission source.
7.4 Selection of measurement conditions and measurement pattern
7.4.1 General
7.4.1.1 Sampling shall be carried out in such a way as to cause the least possible interference with
the worker and the normal performance of the job, and to provide samples that are representative of
normal working conditions and that are compatible with the analytical method (see ISO 15202-2 and
ISO 15202-3).
7.4.1.2 The pattern of sampling shall take into consideration practical issues, such as the nature of the
measurement task and the frequency and duration of particular work activities.
7.4.2 Screening measurements of variation of concentration in time/and or space
Screening measurements of variation of concentration in time and/or space may be performed to
provide information on the likely pattern of concentration of chemical agents. They can be used to
identify locations and periods of elevated exposure and to set the duration and frequency of sampling for
measurements for comparison with limit values. Emission sources can be located and the effectiveness
of ventilation or other technical measures can be estimated (see ISO 20581).
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ISO 15202-1:2020(E)
7.4.3 Screening measurements of time-weighted average concentration and reasonable worst-
case measurements
7.4.3.1 Screening measurements of time-weighted average concentration may be performed to obtain
relatively crude information on the exposure level in order to decide whether an exposure problem exists
at all, and, if so, to appraise its possible seriousness. They can also be used to determine if the exposure is
well below or well above the limit value (see ISO 20581).
7.4.3.2 Screening measurements of time-weighted average concentration are typically carried out in
the initial stages of a survey to assess the effectiveness of control measures. Sampling may be carried out
during representative work episodes to obtain clear information about the level and pattern of exposure,
or reasonable worst-case measureme
...
NORME ISO
INTERNATIONALE 15202-1
Troisième édition
2020-06
Air des lieux de travail —
Détermination des métaux et
métalloïdes dans les particules
en suspension dans l'air par
spectrométrie d'émission atomique
avec plasma à couplage inductif —
Partie 1:
Prélèvement d’échantillons
Workplace air — Determination of metals and metalloids in airborne
particulate matter by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission
spectrometry —
Part 1: Sampling
Numéro de référence
ISO 15202-1:2020(F)
©
ISO 2020
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ISO 15202-1:2020(F)
DOCUMENT PROTÉGÉ PAR COPYRIGHT
© ISO 2020
Tous droits réservés. Sauf prescription différente ou nécessité dans le contexte de sa mise en œuvre, aucune partie de cette
publication ne peut être reproduite ni utilisée sous quelque forme que ce soit et par aucun procédé, électronique ou mécanique,
y compris la photocopie, ou la diffusion sur l’internet ou sur un intranet, sans autorisation écrite préalable. Une autorisation peut
être demandée à l’ISO à l’adresse ci-après ou au comité membre de l’ISO dans le pays du demandeur.
ISO copyright office
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Web: www.iso.org
Publié en Suisse
ii © ISO 2020 – Tous droits réservés
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ISO 15202-1:2020(F)
Sommaire Page
Avant-propos .iv
Introduction .v
1 Domaine d’application . 1
2 Références normatives . 1
3 Termes et définitions . 2
4 Principe . 2
5 Exigence . 2
6 Matériel de prélèvement . 2
6.1 Dispositifs de prélèvement . 2
6.2 Filtres . 3
6.3 Pompes de prélèvement . 4
6.4 Débitmètre . 4
6.5 Équipement auxiliaire . 4
7 Évaluation de l’exposition professionnelle . 4
7.1 Généralités . 4
7.2 Prélèvement individuel . 4
7.3 Prélèvement à point fixe . 5
7.4 Sélection des conditions de mesurage et du programme de mesurage . 5
7.4.1 Généralités . 5
7.4.2 Évaluation de la variation de concentration dans le temps et/ou l’espace . 5
7.4.3 Évaluation de la concentration moyenne pondérée en temps et mesurages
dans le cas le plus défavorable envisageable . 5
7.4.4 Mesurages près d’une source d’émission . 5
7.4.5 Mesurages de comparaison avec des valeurs limites et mesurages périodiques . 6
8 Méthode de prélèvement . 6
8.1 Considérations préliminaires . 6
8.1.1 Sélection et utilisation des dispositifs de prélèvement . 6
8.1.2 Période de prélèvement . . 6
8.1.3 Effets de la température et de la pression . 7
8.1.4 Manipulation des substrats de collecte . 7
8.2 Préparation en vue du prélèvement . 8
8.2.1 Nettoyage des dispositifs de prélèvement . 8
8.2.2 Mise en place des substrats de collecte dans les dispositifs de prélèvement. 8
8.2.3 Réglage du débit volumétrique . 8
8.2.4 Blancs de terrain . 8
8.3 Point de prélèvement . 8
8.3.1 Prélèvement individuel . 8
8.3.2 Prélèvement à point fixe . . 9
8.4 Collecte des échantillons . 9
8.5 Transport .10
9 Documents .10
9.1 Informations relatives au prélèvement . .10
9.2 Informations accompagnant la demande d’analyse .11
Annexe A (informative) Dépôts sur les parois des dispositifs de prélèvement .12
Annexe B (informative) Recommandations relatives au choix du filtre .14
Annexe C (informative) Correction de température et de pression pour le débit
volumétrique indiqué .17
Bibliographie .18
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ISO 15202-1:2020(F)
Avant-propos
L'ISO (Organisation internationale de normalisation) est une fédération mondiale d'organismes
nationaux de normalisation (comités membres de l'ISO). L'élaboration des Normes internationales est
en général confiée aux comités techniques de l'ISO. Chaque comité membre intéressé par une étude
a le droit de faire partie du comité technique créé à cet effet. Les organisations internationales,
gouvernementales et non gouvernementales, en liaison avec l'ISO participent également aux travaux.
L'ISO collabore étroitement avec la Commission électrotechnique internationale (IEC) en ce qui
concerne la normalisation électrotechnique.
Les procédures utilisées pour élaborer le présent document et celles destinées à sa mise à jour sont
décrites dans les Directives ISO/IEC, Partie 1. Il convient, en particulier, de prendre note des différents
critères d'approbation requis pour les différents types de documents ISO. Le présent document a été
rédigé conformément aux règles de rédaction données dans les Directives ISO/IEC, Partie 2 (voir www
.iso .org/ directives).
L'attention est attirée sur le fait que certains des éléments du présent document peuvent faire l'objet de
droits de propriété intellectuelle ou de droits analogues. L'ISO ne saurait être tenue pour responsable
de ne pas avoir identifié de tels droits de propriété et averti de leur existence. Les détails concernant
les références aux droits de propriété intellectuelle ou autres droits analogues identifiés lors de
l'élaboration du document sont indiqués dans l'Introduction et/ou dans la liste des déclarations de
brevets reçues par l'ISO (voir www .iso .org/ brevets).
Les appellations commerciales éventuellement mentionnées dans le présent document sont données
pour information, par souci de commodité, à l’intention des utilisateurs et ne sauraient constituer un
engagement.
Pour une explication de la nature volontaire des normes, la signification des termes et expressions
spécifiques de l'ISO liés à l'évaluation de la conformité, ou pour toute information au sujet de l'adhésion
de l'ISO aux principes de l’Organisation mondiale du commerce (OMC) concernant les obstacles
techniques au commerce (OTC), voir www .iso .org/ avant -propos.
Le présent document a été élaboré par le comité technique ISO/TC 146, Qualité de l’air, sous-comité SC 2,
Atmosphères des lieux de travail.
Cette troisième édition annule et remplace la deuxième édition (ISO 15202-1:2012), qui a fait l’objet
d’une révision technique. Les principales modifications par rapport à l’édition précédente sont les
suivantes:
— les définitions qui figurent dans l’ISO 18158 ont été supprimées du présent document et l’ISO 18158
a été ajoutée en tant que référence (en lieu et place des références à l’EN 1540);
— les références à l’EN 482 et l’EN 13890 ont été remplacées, respectivement, par des références à
l’ISO 20581 et à l’ISO 21832;
— les informations relatives aux pompes de prélèvement ont été remplacées par une référence à
l’ISO 13137;
— le texte a fait l’objet d’une révision rédactionnelle.
Une liste de toutes les parties de la série ISO 15202 se trouve sur le site web de l’ISO.
Il convient que l’utilisateur adresse tout retour d’information ou toute question concernant le présent
document à l’organisme national de normalisation de son pays. Une liste exhaustive desdits organismes
se trouve à l’adresse www .iso .org/ fr/ members .html.
iv © ISO 2020 – Tous droits réservés
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ISO 15202-1:2020(F)
Introduction
La santé des travailleurs dans de nombreuses industries est en danger du fait de l’exposition par
inhalation aux métaux et aux métalloïdes toxiques. Les hygiénistes industriels et autres professionnels
de santé publique ont besoin de déterminer l’efficacité des mesures prises pour contrôler l’exposition
des travailleurs, et cela s’effectue en général en réalisant des mesurages de l’air du lieu de travail. Le
présent document a été publié dans le but de mettre à disposition une méthode permettant d’effectuer
des mesurages d’exposition valides pour un large éventail de métaux et de métalloïdes utilisés dans
l’industrie. Elle s’adresse aux agences concernées par l’hygiène et la sécurité du travail, aux hygiénistes
industriels et aux autres professionnels de la santé publique, aux laboratoires d’analyse, aux industriels
utilisateurs de métaux et de métalloïdes et à leurs employés, etc.
Le présent document spécifie une méthode générique de prélèvement en vue de la détermination
ultérieure de la concentration en masse des métaux et métalloïdes dans l’air des lieux de travail en
utilisant la spectrométrie d’émission atomique avec plasma à couplage inductif (ICP-AES). Les
échantillons obtenus en utilisant la méthode décrite ici peuvent aussi être analysés par d’autres
méthodes instrumentales, telles que la spectrométrie d’absorption atomique (AAS) ou la spectrométrie
de masse avec plasma à couplage inductif (ICP-MS).
Le présent document donne les détails des Normes internationales, européennes et nationales
appropriées qui spécifient les caractéristiques, les exigences de performance et les méthodes d’essai se
rapportant à l’équipement de prélèvement. Elle complète les recommandations données par ailleurs sur
la stratégie d’évaluation et la stratégie de mesurage et spécifie une méthode de collecte d’échantillons
de matière particulaire en suspension dans l’air en vue d’une analyse chimique ultérieure.
L’ISO 15202-2 décrit plusieurs méthodes de préparation des solutions d’échantillons pour analyse
par ICP-AES.
L’ISO 15202-3 spécifie des exigences et des méthodes d’essai pour l’analyse de solutions d’échantillons
par ICP-AES.
Lors de l’élaboration du présent document, il a été présumé que les personnes chargées de l’exécution
de ses dispositions et de l’interprétation des résultats obtenus ont les qualifications et l’expérience
appropriées.
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NORME INTERNATIONALE ISO 15202-1:2020(F)
Air des lieux de travail — Détermination des métaux et
métalloïdes dans les particules en suspension dans l'air
par spectrométrie d'émission atomique avec plasma à
couplage inductif —
Partie 1:
Prélèvement d’échantillons
1 Domaine d’application
Le présent document spécifie une méthode de collecte d’échantillons de matière particulaire en
suspension dans l’air en vue du dosage ultérieur des métaux et métalloïdes par spectrométrie
d’émission atomique avec plasma à couplage inductif (ICP-AES). Les échantillons obtenus en utilisant
la méthode décrite ici peuvent aussi être analysés par d’autres méthodes instrumentales afin de
déterminer leur composition élémentaire, par exemple par spectrométrie d’absorption atomique (AAS)
ou spectrométrie de masse avec plasma à couplage inductif (ICP-MS).
La méthode n’est pas applicable au prélèvement du mercure, qui est présent dans l’air en phase vapeur
aux températures ambiantes, des composés inorganiques de métaux et métalloïdes qui sont des gaz
permanents, tels l’arsine (AsH ) ou des composés inorganiques de métaux et métalloïdes qui sont
3
présents en phase vapeur aux températures ambiantes, tel le trioxyde d’arsenic (As O ).
2 3
NOTE Bien que la méthode ne décrive pas de mode opératoire de collecte de composés inorganiques de
métaux et métalloïdes présents en phase vapeur, dans la plupart des cas cela est relativement facile à effectuer
en utilisant un tampon de support qui a été prétraité pour capter le ou les composés intéressants, par exemple un
[2]
tampon en papier imprégné de carbonate de sodium pour recueillir le trioxyde d’arsenic (voir l’ISO 11041 ).
La méthode est applicable au prélèvement individuel pour la fraction inhalable, thoracique ou alvéolaire
de particules en suspension dans l’air, selon la définition de l’ISO 7708, et au prélèvement à point fixe.
Le présent document exclut le prélèvement de surfaces ou de matériaux solides. Des recommandations
[7]
relatives aux prélèvements de surfaces peuvent être trouvées dans l’ASTM D7659 .
2 Références normatives
Les documents suivants sont cités dans le texte de sorte qu’ils constituent, pour tout ou partie de leur
contenu, des exigences du présent document. Pour les références datées, seule l’édition citée s’applique.
Pour les références non datées, la dernière édition du document de référence s’applique (y compris les
éventuels amendements).
ISO 7708:1995, Qualité de l'air — Définitions des fractions de taille des particules pour l'échantillonnage lié
aux problèmes de santé
ISO 15202-2, Air des lieux de travail — Détermination des métaux et métalloïdes dans les particules en
suspension dans l’air par spectrométrie d’émission atomique avec plasma à couplage inductif — Partie 2:
Préparation des échantillons
ISO 15202-3, Air des lieux de travail — Détermination des métaux et métalloïdes dans les particules en
suspension dans l'air par spectrométrie d'émission atomique avec plasma à couplage inductif — Partie
3: Analyse
ISO 18158, Qualité de l'air — Terminologie
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ISO 15202-1:2020(F)
ISO 13137, Air des lieux de travail — Pompes pour le prélèvement individuel des agents chimiques et
biologiques — Exigences et méthodes d'essai
ISO 21832, Air des lieux de travail — Métaux et métalloïdes dans les particules en suspension dans l'air —
Exigences relatives à l'évaluation des procédures de mesure
ISO 20581, Air des lieux de travail — Exigences générales concernant les performances des procédures de
mesure des agents chimiques
EN 13205-1, Exposition sur les lieux de travail — Évaluation des performances des dispositifs de prélèvement
pour le mesurage des concentrations de particules en suspension dans l’air — Partie 1: Exigences générales
EN 13890, Exposition sur les lieux de travail — Procédures pour le mesurage des métaux et métalloïdes
dans les particules en suspension dans l’air — Exigences et méthodes d’essai
3 Termes et définitions
Pour les besoins du présent document, les termes et définitions de l’ISO 18158 s’appliquent.
L’ISO et l’IEC tiennent à jour des bases de données terminologiques destinées à être utilisées en
normalisation, consultables aux adresses suivantes:
— ISO Online browsing platform: disponible à l’adresse http:// www .iso .org/ obp;
— IEC Electropedia: disponible à l’adresse http:// www .electropedia .org/ .
4 Principe
4.1 Les particules en suspension dans l’air contenant des métaux et des métalloïdes sont collectées par
passage d’un volume d’air mesuré à travers un substrat de collecte (par exemple filtre ou mousse) monté
dans un dispositif de prélèvement conçu pour retenir une fraction de taille appropriée des particules en
suspension dans l’air (voir 8.1.1.1).
4.2 L’échantillon et le substrat de collecte sont ensuite traités pour mettre en solution les métaux et
métalloïdes étudiés par une (ou plusieurs) des méthodes de préparation d’échantillon spécifiées dans
l’ISO 15202-2.
4.3 La solution obtenue est ensuite analysée pour les métaux et les métalloïdes étudiés par
spectrométrie d’émission atomique avec plasma à couplage inductif, comme décrit dans l’ISO 15202-3.
5 Exigence
Le mode opératoire de mesurage dans son ensemble doit être couvert par le présent document,
l’ISO 15202-2 et l’ISO 15202-3, et il convient qu’il prenne en compte toute Norme internationale,
européenne ou nationale pertinente qui spécifie les exigences de performance des modes opératoires
de mesurage d’agents chimiques dans l’air des lieux de travail (par exemple ISO 20581, ISO 21832
et EN 13890).
6 Matériel de prélèvement
6.1 Dispositifs de prélèvement
6.1.1 Dispositifs de prélèvement de la fraction inhalable, conçus pour recueillir la fraction
inhalable des particules en suspension dans l’air, conformément aux dispositions de l’EN 13205-1, et
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ISO 15202-1:2020(F)
utilisés lorsque la ou les valeurs limites pour les métaux et métalloïdes étudiés s’appliquent à la fraction
inhalable des particules en suspension dans l’air.
NOTE 1 En général, les dispositifs de prélèvement individuels utilisés pour recueillir la fraction inhalable des
particules en suspension dans l’air n’ont pas les mêmes caractéristiques de sélection de taille s’ils sont utilisés
pour le prélèvement à point fixe.
NOTE 2 Certains dispositifs de prélèvement sont conçus pour recueillir la fraction inhalable des particules
en suspension dans l’air sur un substrat de collecte, toute matière particulaire déposée sur les surfaces internes
du dispositif de prélèvement n’ayant pas d’intérêt. D’autres dispositifs de prélèvement de la fraction inhalable
sont étudiés de sorte que les particules en suspension dans l’air qui passent dans le ou les orifices d’entrée
correspondent à la convention inhalable, auquel cas la matière particulaire déposée sur les surfaces internes du
dispositif de prélèvement fait partie de l’échantillon. Pour de nombreux dispositifs de prélèvement, la matière
particulaire déposée sur les surfaces internes du dispositif de prélèvement ou de l’insert est incluse en tant que
partie de l’échantillon. Pour de plus amples informations sur la question des dépôts sur les parois internes, voir
Annexe A.
6.1.2 Dispositifs de prélèvement de la fraction thoracique, conçus pour recueillir la fraction
thoracique des particules en suspension dans l’air, conformément aux dispositions de l’EN 13205-1,
et utilisés lorsque les valeurs limites pour les métaux et métalloïdes étudiés s’appliquent à la fraction
thoracique des particules en suspension dans l’air.
6.1.3 Dispositifs de prélèvement de la fraction alvéolaire, conçus pour recueillir la fraction
alvéolaire des particules en suspension dans l’air, conformément aux dispositions de l’EN 13205-1,
et utilisés lorsque les valeurs limites pour les métaux et métalloïdes étudiés s’appliquent à la fraction
alvéolaire des particules en suspension dans l’air.
NOTE Pour de nombreux dispositifs de prélèvement, les dépôts sur les parois internes sont inclus en tant
que partie de l’échantillon.
6.1.4 Dispositifs de prélèvement de fractions multiples, conçus pour recueillir les particules
en suspension dans l’air et les fractionner afin de permettre à deux ou plusieurs fractions de taille de
particules d’être déterminées séparément, conformément aux dispositions de l’EN 13205-1, et utilisés
comme autre moyen de recueillir des échantillons multiples lorsque les valeurs limites pour les métaux
et métalloïdes étudiés s’appliquent à plus d’une fraction de taille de particules.
Les dispositifs de prélèvement de fractions multiples utilisent parfois une mousse en polyuréthanne
pour recueillir les grosses particules. Dans ce cas, il convient que la mousse soit compatible avec la
méthode choisie pour la préparation des échantillons (voir l’ISO 15202-2) et qu’elle ait la même faible
teneur en métal que celle spécifiée pour les filtres en 6.2.
6.2 Filtres
Les filtres doivent avoir un diamètre approprié pour être utilisé avec les dispositifs de prélèvement
(6.1) et une efficacité de collecte supérieure à 99,5 % pour les particules d’un diamètre de diffusion de
0,3 µm (voir l’ISO 7708:1995 2.2) ainsi qu’une très faible teneur en métal (en général inférieure à 0,1 µg
de chaque métal ou métalloïde étudié par filtre) et doivent être compatibles avec la méthode choisie
pour la préparation des échantillons (voir l’ISO 15202-2).
NOTE 1 Voir l’Annexe B pour des recommandations relatives au choix des filtres.
NOTE 2 Outre les filtres, d’autres types de substrats de collecte peuvent être appropriés, par exemple des
mousses.
NOTE 3 Il existe dans le commerce des produits combinant un filtre et une « enveloppe » associée qui sont
thermosoudés pour former un insert de dispositif de prélèvement permettant de recueillir principalement les
particules en suspension dans l’air sur le filtre, mais aussi de recueillir sur l’enveloppe les particules qui sinon se
seraient déposées sur les parois internes du dispositif de prélèvement.
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ISO 15202-1:2020(F)
6.3 Pompes de prélèvement
Les pompes de prélèvement doivent être conformes aux exigences de l’ISO 13137 et pouvoir maintenir
le débit choisi (entre 1 l/min et 5 l/min pour les pompes de prélèvement individuel et entre 5 l/min
et 400 l/min pour les pompes de prélèvement à volume élevé) à ± 5 % de la valeur nominale tout au long
de la période prélèvement (voir 8.1.2). Pour le prélèvement individuel, les pompes doivent pouvoir être
portées par le travailleur sans gêner le cours normal de son travail.
6.4 Débitmètre
Le débitmètre doit être portable et avoir une précision suffisante pour permettre le mesurage du débit
volumétrique (voir 8.1.1.2) à ± 5 %.
L’étalonnage du débitmètre doit être vérifié par rapport à un étalon de référence, c’est-à-dire un
débitmètre dont la précision est liée aux étalons nationaux. Le cas échéant (voir 8.1.3), noter la
température et la pression atmosphériques auxquelles l’étalonnage du débitmètre a été vérifié.
Il est recommandé que le débitmètre utilisé puisse mesurer le débit volumétrique à ± 2 % ou mieux.
6.5 Équipement auxiliaire
6.5.1 Tuyau souple, d’un diamètre approprié pour effectuer un raccordement étanche entre les
dispositifs de prélèvement (6.1) et les pompes de prélèvement (6.3).
6.5.2 Ceintures ou harnais, auxquels les pompes de prélèvement peuvent facilement être fixées pour
le prélèvement individuel (sauf si ces pompes sont assez petites pour être placées dans la poche des
travailleurs).
6.5.3 Pinces à bout plat, non métalliques (par exemple en plastique ou recouvertes de plastique) pour
placer et retirer les substrats de collecte des dispositifs de prélèvement ou des cassettes de transport de
substrat.
6.5.4 Cassettes de transport de substrat de collecte ou équipement similaire, si nécessaire
(voir 8.5.1), dans lesquelles les échantillons sont transportés au laboratoire.
6.5.5 Thermomètre, 0 °C à 50 °C, gradué en divisions de 1 °C ou moins, pour mesurer la température
atmosphérique, si nécessaire (voir 8.1.3).
6.5.6 Baromètre, convenant au mesurage de la pression atmosphérique, si nécessaire (voir 8.1.3).
7 Évaluation de l’exposition professionnelle
7.1 Généralités
Le domaine d’application du présent document se rapporte au prélèvement d’échantillons individuels et
à point fixe. Se référer aux Normes internationales, européennes ou nationales appropriées (par exemple
[3] [5]
l’EN 689 , l’ASTM E 1370 ) pour des recommandations relatives à l’élaboration d’une stratégie
d’évaluation appropriée ainsi que des recommandations générales sur la stratégie de mesurage.
7.2 Prélèvement individuel
L’exposition des travailleurs aux métaux et métalloïdes doit normalement être déterminée par
prélèvement individuel, puisque la concentration en métaux et métalloïdes dans la zone respiratoire est
en général plus élevée que leur niveau ambiant sur le lieu de travail.
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ISO 15202-1:2020(F)
7.3 Prélèvement à point fixe
Un prélèvement à point fixe peut être effectué, le cas échéant, pour évaluer l’exposition des travailleurs
dans une situation où un prélèvement individuel n’est pas possible (voir la NOTE en 8.1.2.1 comme
exemple d’une telle situation), pour caractériser le niveau ambiant des métaux et métalloïdes sur le lieu
de travail afin de donner une indication de l’efficacité de la ventilation ou pour donner des informations
sur la position et l’intensité d’une source d’émission.
7.4 Sélection des conditions de mesurage et du programme de mesurage
7.4.1 Généralités
7.4.1.1 Le prélèvement doit être effectué de façon à gêner le moins possible le travaill
...
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
oSIST ISO 15202-1:2020
01-september-2020
Zrak na delovnem mestu - Določevanje kovin in polkovin v lebdečih delcih z
atomsko emisijsko spektrometrijo z induktivno sklopljeno plazmo - 1. del:
Vzorčenje
Workplace air - Determination of metals and metalloids in airborne particulate matter by
inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry - Part 1: Sampling
Air des lieux de travail - Détermination des métaux et métalloïdes dans les particules en
suspension dans l'air par spectrométrie d'émission atomique avec plasma à couplage
inductif - Partie 1: Échantillonnage
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: ISO 15202-1:2020
ICS:
13.040.30 Kakovost zraka na delovnem Workplace atmospheres
mestu
oSIST ISO 15202-1:2020 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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oSIST ISO 15202-1:2020
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oSIST ISO 15202-1:2020
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 15202-1
Third edition
2020-06
Workplace air — Determination of
metals and metalloids in airborne
particulate matter by inductively
coupled plasma atomic emission
spectrometry —
Part 1:
Sampling
Air des lieux de travail — Détermination des métaux et métalloïdes
dans les particules en suspension dans l'air par spectrométrie
d'émission atomique avec plasma à couplage inductif —
Partie 1: Prélèvement d’échantillons
Reference number
ISO 15202-1:2020(E)
©
ISO 2020
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oSIST ISO 15202-1:2020
ISO 15202-1:2020(E)
COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT
© ISO 2020
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting
on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address
below or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: +41 22 749 01 11
Email: copyright@iso.org
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2020 – All rights reserved
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oSIST ISO 15202-1:2020
ISO 15202-1:2020(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 2
4 Principle . 2
5 Requirement . 2
6 Sampling equipment . 2
6.1 Samplers . 2
6.2 Filters . 3
6.3 Sampling pumps . 3
6.4 Flowmeter . 3
6.5 Ancillary equipment . 3
7 Occupational exposure assessment . 4
7.1 General . 4
7.2 Personal sampling . 4
7.3 Static sampling . 4
7.4 Selection of measurement conditions and measurement pattern . 4
7.4.1 General. 4
7.4.2 Screening measurements of variation of concentration in time/and or space . 4
7.4.3 Screening measurements of time-weighted average concentration and
reasonable worst-case measurements . 5
7.4.4 Measurements near an emission source . 5
7.4.5 Measurements for comparison with limit values and periodic measurements . 5
8 Sampling method . 5
8.1 Preliminary considerations . 5
8.1.1 Selection and use of samplers . 5
8.1.2 Sampling period . 6
8.1.3 Temperature and pressure effects . 6
8.1.4 Handling of collection substrates . 7
8.2 Preparation for sampling . 7
8.2.1 Cleaning of samplers . 7
8.2.2 Loading the samplers with collection substrates . 7
8.2.3 Setting the volumetric flow rate . 7
8.2.4 Field blanks . 7
8.3 Sampling position . 7
8.3.1 Personal sampling . 7
8.3.2 Static sampling . 8
8.4 Collection of samples . 8
8.5 Transportation . 9
9 Documentation . 9
9.1 Sampling information . 9
9.2 Information to accompany the request for analytical services .10
Annex A (informative) Sampler wall deposits .11
Annex B (informative) Guidance on filter selection .13
Annex C (informative) Temperature and pressure correction for the indicated volumetric
flow rate .16
Bibliography .17
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oSIST ISO 15202-1:2020
ISO 15202-1:2020(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www .iso .org/ directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www .iso .org/ patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the
World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see www .iso .org/
iso/ foreword .html.
This document was prepared by was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 146, Air quality,
Subcommittee SC 2, Workplace atmospheres.
This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition (ISO 15202-1:2012), which has been
technically revised. The main changes compared to the previous edition are as follows:
— definitions that appear in ISO 18158 have been removed from this document, with ISO 18158 being
added as a reference (replacing references to EN 1540);
— references to EN 482 have been replaced with ISO 20581, and references to EN 13890 have been
replaced with ISO 21832;
— information regarding sampling pumps has been replaced with ISO 13137;
— the text has been editorially updated.
A list of all parts in the ISO 15202 series can be found on the ISO website.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www .iso .org/ members .html.
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oSIST ISO 15202-1:2020
ISO 15202-1:2020(E)
Introduction
The health of workers in many industries is at risk through exposure by inhalation of toxic metals
and metalloids. Industrial hygienists and other public health professionals need to determine the
effectiveness of measures taken to control workers' exposure, and this is generally achieved by taking
workplace air measurements. This document has been published in order to make available a method
for making valid exposure measurements for a wide range of metals and metalloids in use in industry.
It will be of benefit to: agencies concerned with health and safety at work; industrial hygienists and
other public health professionals; analytical laboratories; industrial users of metals and metalloids and
their workers, etc.
This document specifies a generic sampling method for subsequent determination of the mass
concentration of metals and metalloids in workplace air using inductively coupled plasma atomic
emission spectrometry (ICP-AES). Samples obtained using the method described herein can also be
subsequently analysed by other instrumental methods, such as atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS)
or inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS).
This document gives details of relevant International, European and National Standards which
specify characteristics, performance requirements and test methods relating to sampling equipment.
It augments guidance provided elsewhere on assessment strategy and measurement strategy and
specifies a method for collecting samples of airborne particulate matter for subsequent chemical
analysis.
ISO 15202-2 describes a number of procedures for preparing sample solutions for analysis by ICP-AES.
ISO 15202-3 gives requirements and test methods for analysis of sample solutions by ICP-AES.
It has been assumed in the drafting of this document the execution of its provisions, and the
interpretation of the results obtained, is entrusted to appropriately qualified and experienced people.
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oSIST ISO 15202-1:2020
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 15202-1:2020(E)
Workplace air — Determination of metals and metalloids
in airborne particulate matter by inductively coupled
plasma atomic emission spectrometry —
Part 1:
Sampling
1 Scope
This document specifies a method for collecting samples of airborne particulate matter for subsequent
determination of metals and metalloids using inductively coupled plasma — atomic emission
spectrometry (ICP-AES). Samples obtained using the method described herein can also be subsequently
analysed for elemental composition by other instrumental methods, such as atomic absorption
spectrometry (AAS) or inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS).
The method is not applicable to the sampling of mercury, which is present in air in the vapour phase at
ambient temperatures; inorganic compounds of metals and metalloids that are permanent gases, e.g.
arsine (AsH ); or inorganic compounds of metals and metalloids that are present in the vapour phase at
3
ambient temperatures, e.g. arsenic trioxide (As O ).
2 3
NOTE Although the method does not describe a means of collecting inorganic compounds of metals and
metalloids that are present in the vapour phase, in most instances this is relatively easily to achieve by using
a back-up filter which has been pre-treated to trap the compound(s) of interest, e.g. a back-up paper pad
[2]
impregnated with sodium carbonate is suitable for collecting arsenic trioxide (see ISO 11041 ).
The method is applicable to personal sampling of the inhalable, thoracic or respirable fraction of
airborne particles, as defined in ISO 7708, and to static sampling.
This document excludes sampling of surfaces or bulk materials. Guidance on collection of samples for
[7]
surfaces may be found in ASTM D7659 .
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 7708:1995, Air quality — Particle size fraction definitions for health-related sampling
ISO 15202-2, Workplace air — Determination of metals and metalloids in airborne particulate matter by
inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry — Part 2: Sample preparation
ISO 15202-3, Workplace air — Determination of metals and metalloids in airborne particulate matter by
inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry — Part 3: Analysis
ISO 18158, Workplace air — Terminology
ISO 13137, Workplace atmospheres — Pumps for personal sampling of chemical and biological agents —
Requirements and test methods
ISO 21832, Workplace air — Metals and metalloids in airborne particles — Requirements for evaluation of
measuring procedures
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ISO 15202-1:2020(E)
ISO 20581, Workplace air — General requirements for the performance of procedures for the measurement
of chemical agents
EN 13205-1, Workplace exposure — Assessment of sampler performance for measurement of airborne
particle concentrations — Part 1: General requirements
EN 13890, Workplace atmospheres — Procedures for measuring metals and metalloids in airborne
particles — Requirements and test methods
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 18158 apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at http:// www .iso .org/ obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at http:// www .electropedia .org/
4 Principle
4.1 Airborne particles containing metals and metalloids are collected by drawing a measured volume
of air through a collection substrate (e.g. filter or foam) mounted in a sampler designed to collect an
appropriate size fraction of airborne particles (see 8.1.1.1).
4.2 The sample and collection substrate are then treated to dissolve the metals and metalloids of
interest using one or more of the sample preparation methods prescribed in ISO 15202-2.
4.3 The resultant solution is subsequently analysed for the metals and metalloids of interest using
inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry, as described in ISO 15202-3.
5 Requirement
The measuring procedure as a whole shall be as covered by this document, ISO 15202-2 and
ISO 15202-3, and should consider any relevant International, European or National Standard that
specifies performance requirements for procedures for measuring chemical agents in workplace air
(e.g. ISO 20581, ISO 21832 and EN 13890).
6 Sampling equipment
6.1 Samplers
6.1.1 Inhalable samplers, designed to collect the inhalable fraction of airborne particles, complying
with the provisions of EN 13205-1, for use when the limit value(s) for metals and metalloids of interest
apply to the inhalable fraction of airborne particles.
NOTE 1 In general, personal samplers for collection of the inhalable fraction of airborne particles do not
exhibit the same size selective characteristics if used for static sampling.
NOTE 2 Some inhalable samplers are designed to collect the inhalable fraction of airborne particles on
the collection substrate, and any particulate matter deposited on the internal surfaces of the sampler is not
of interest. Other inhalable samplers are designed such that airborne particles which pass through the entry
orifice(s) match the inhalable convention, in which case particulate matter deposited on the internal surfaces
of the sampler does form part of the sample. For many samplers, particulate matter deposited on the internal
surfaces of the sampler or insert is included as part of the sample. For more information on the issue of internal
wall deposits, see Annex A.
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ISO 15202-1:2020(E)
6.1.2 Thoracic samplers, designed to collect the thoracic fraction of airborne particles, complying
with the provisions of EN 13205-1, for use when the limit values for the metals and metalloids of interest
apply to the thoracic fraction of airborne particles.
6.1.3 Respirable samplers, designed to collect the respirable fraction of airborne particles, complying
with the provisions of EN 13205-1, for use when the limit values for the metals and metalloids of interest
apply to the respirable fraction of airborne particles.
NOTE For many samplers, internal wall deposits are included as part of the sample.
6.1.4 Multi-fraction samplers, designed to collect airborne particles and fractionate them so as to
enable two or more particle size fractions to be separately determined, complying with the provisions of
EN 13205-1, for use as an alternative to collecting multiple samples when limit values for the metals and
metalloids of interest apply to more than one particle size fraction.
Multi-fraction samplers sometimes use polyurethane foam to collect larger particles. In such cases, the
foam should be compatible with the selected sample preparation method (see ISO 15202-2) and should
have the same low metal content specified for filters in 6.2.
6.2 Filters
The filters shall be of a diameter suitable for use with the samplers (6.1), have a collection efficiency
of not less than 99,5 % for particles with a 0,3 µm diffusion diameter (see ISO 7708:1995 2.2), have a
very low metal content (typically less than 0,1 µg of each metal or metalloid of interest per filter) and be
compatible with the selected sample preparation method (see ISO 15202-2).
NOTE 1 See Annex B for guidance on filter selection.
NOTE 2 Besides filters, other types of collection substrates can be suitable, such as foams.
NOTE 3 Commercial products are available that combine a filter and an associated 'shell' that are heat-sealed
together to form a sampler insert that primarily collects airborne particles on the filter but also collects on the
shell particles that would otherwise be deposited on the internal walls of the sampler.
6.3 Sampling pumps
The sampling pumps shall conform with the requirements of ISO 13137 and be capable of maintaining
the selected flow rate (between 1 l/min and 5 l/min for personal sampling pumps, and between 5 l/
min and 400 l/min for high-volume sampling pumps) to within ±5 % of the nominal value throughout
the sampling period (see 8.1.2). For personal sampling, the pumps shall be capable of being worn by the
worker without impeding normal work activity.
6.4 Flowmeter
The flowmeter shall be portable and have an accuracy that is sufficient to enable the volumetric flow
rate (see 8.1.1.2) to be measured to within ±5 %.
The calibration of the flowmeter shall be checked against a primary standard, i.e. a flowmeter
whose accuracy is traceable to national standards. If appropriate (see 8.1.3), record the atmospheric
temperature and pressure at which the calibration of the flowmeter was checked.
It is advisable that the flowmeter used is capable of measuring the volumetric flow rate to within ±2 %
or better.
6.5 Ancillary equipment
6.5.1 Flexible tubing, of a diameter suitable for making a leakproof connection from the samplers
(6.1) to the sampling pumps (6.3).
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6.5.2 Belts or harnesses, to which the sampling pumps can conveniently be fixed for personal
sampling (except where the sampling pumps are small enough to fit in workers' pockets).
6.5.3 Flat-tipped forceps, non-metallic (e.g. plastic or plastic-coated) for loading and unloading
collection substrates from samplers or from substrate transport cassettes.
6.5.4 Collection substrate transport cassettes or similar, if required (see 8.5.1), in which to
transport samples to the laboratory.
6.5.5 Thermometer, 0 °C to 50 °C, graduated in divisions of 1 °C or less, for measurement of
atmospheric temperature, if required (see 8.1.3).
6.5.6 Barometer, suitable for measurement of atmospheric pressure, if required (see 8.1.3).
7 Occupational exposure assessment
7.1 General
The scope of this document pertains to the taking of personal and static samples. Refer to relevant
[3] [5]
International, European or National Standards (e.g. EN 689 , ASTM E 1370 ) for guidance on how to
develop an appropriate assessment strategy and for general guidance on measurement strategy.
7.2 Personal sampling
Exposure of workers to metals and metalloids shall normally be determined by personal sampling,
since the concentration of metals and metalloids in the breathing zone is usually higher than their
background levels in the workplace.
7.3 Static sampling
Static sampling may be carried out, if appropriate, to assess the exposure of workers in a situation where
personal sampling is not possible (see Note in 8.1.2.1 for an example of such a situation); to characterize
the background levels of metals and metalloids in the workplace in order to give an indication of the
efficiency of ventilation; or to provide information on the location and intensity of an emission source.
7.4 Selection of measurement conditions and measurement pattern
7.4.1 General
7.4.1.1 Sampling shall be carried out in such a way as to cause the least possible interference with
the worker and the normal performance of the job, and to provide samples that are representative of
normal working conditions and that are compatible with the analytical method (see ISO 15202-2 and
ISO 15202-3).
7.4.1.2 The pattern of sampling shall take into consideration practical issues, such as the nature of the
measurement task and the frequency and duration of particular work activities.
7.4.2 Screening measurements of variation of concentration in time/and or space
Screening measurements of variation of concentration in time and/or space may be performed to
provide information on the likely pattern of concentration of chemical agents. They can be used to
identify locations and periods of elevated exposure and to set the duration and frequency of sampling for
measurements for comparison with limit values. Emission sources can be located and the effectiveness
of ventilation or other technical measures can be estimated (see ISO 20581).
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7.4.3 Screening measurements of time-weighted average concentration and reasonable worst-
case measurements
7.4.3.1 Screening measurements of time-weighted average concentration may be performed to obtain
relatively crude information on the exposure level in order to decide whether an exposure problem exists
at all, and, if so, to appraise its possible seriousness. They can also be used to determine if the exposure is
well below or well above the limit value (see ISO 20581).
7.4.3.2 Screening measurements of time-weighted average concentration are typically carried out in
the initial stages of a survey to assess the effectiveness of control measures. Sampling may be carried out
during representative work episodes to obtain clear information about the level and pattern of exposure,
or reasonable worst-case measurements may be made
...
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