SIST EN 55016-1-1:2007
Specification for radio disturbance and immunity measuring apparatus and methods -- Part 1-1: Radio disturbance and immunity measuring apparatus - Measuring apparatus
Specification for radio disturbance and immunity measuring apparatus and methods -- Part 1-1: Radio disturbance and immunity measuring apparatus - Measuring apparatus
This part of CISPR 16 is designated a basic standard, which specifies the characteristics and performance of equipment for the measurement of radio disturbance voltages, currents and fields in the frequency range 9 kHz to 18 GHz. In addition, requirements are specified for specialized equipment for discontinuous disturbance measurements. The requirements include the measurement of broadband and narrowband types of radio disturbance. The receiver types covered include the following: a) the quasi-peak measuring receiver, b) the peak measuring receiver, c) the average measuring receiver, d) the r.m.s. measuring receiver. In addition there are specifications for spectrum analyzers, scanning receivers and audio-frequency voltmeters. The requirements of this publication shall be complied with at all frequencies and for all levels of radio disturbance voltages, currents, power or field strengths within the CISPR indicating range of the measuring equipment. CISPR 16-1 has been reorganised into 5 parts, to accommodate growth and easier maintenance.
Anforderungen an Geräte und Einrichtungen sowie Festlegung der Verfahren zur Messung der hochfrequenten Störaussendung (Funkstörungen) und Störfestigkeit - Teil 1-1: Geräte und Einrichtungen zur Messung der hochfrequenten Störaussendung (Funkstörungen) und Störfestigkeit - Messgeräte
Spécifications des méthodes et des appareils de mesure des perturbations radioélectriques et de l'immunité aux perturbations radioélectriques -- Partie 1-1: Appareils de mesure des perturbations radioélectriques et de l'immunité aux perturbations radioélectriques - Appareils de mesure
Specifikacija za merilne naprave in metode za merjenje radijskih motenj in odpornosti – 1-1. del: Merilne naprave za merjenje radijskih motenj in odpornosti – Merilne naprave (CISPR 16-1-1:2006/A1:2006)
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST EN 55016-1-1:2007
01-julij-2007
1DGRPHãþD
SIST EN 55016-1-1:2005
SIST EN 55016-1-1:2005/A1:2005
Specifikacija za merilne naprave in metode za merjenje radijskih motenj in
odpornosti – 1-1. del: Merilne naprave za merjenje radijskih motenj in odpornosti –
Merilne naprave (CISPR 16-1-1:2006/A1:2006)
Specification for radio disturbance and immunity measuring apparatus and methods --
Part 1-1: Radio disturbance and immunity measuring apparatus - Measuring apparatus
Anforderungen an Geräte und Einrichtungen sowie Festlegung der Verfahren zur
Messung der hochfrequenten Störaussendung (Funkstörungen) und Störfestigkeit - Teil
1-1: Geräte und Einrichtungen zur Messung der hochfrequenten Störaussendung
(Funkstörungen) und Störfestigkeit - Messgeräte
Spécifications des méthodes et des appareils de mesure des perturbations
radioélectriques et de l'immunité aux perturbations radioélectriques - Partie 1-1:
Appareils de mesure des perturbations radioélectriques et de l'immunité aux
perturbations radioélectriques - Appareils de mesure
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 55016-1-1:2007
ICS:
17.220.20 0HUMHQMHHOHNWULþQLKLQ Measurement of electrical
PDJQHWQLKYHOLþLQ and magnetic quantities
33.100.20 Imunost Immunity
SIST EN 55016-1-1:2007 en
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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EUROPEAN STANDARD
EN 55016-1-1
NORME EUROPÉENNE
March 2007
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 33.100.10 Supersedes EN 55016-1-1:2004 + A1:2005
English version
Specification for radio disturbance
and immunity measuring apparatus and methods -
Part 1-1: Radio disturbance and immunity measuring apparatus -
Measuring apparatus
(CISPR 16-1-1:2006)
Spécifications des méthodes Anforderungen an Geräte
et des appareils de mesure und Einrichtungen sowie Festlegung
des perturbations radioélectriques der Verfahren zur Messung
et de l'immunité aux perturbations der hochfrequenten Störaussendung
radioélectriques - (Funkstörungen) und Störfestigkeit -
Partie 1-1: Appareils de mesure Teil 1-1: Geräte und Einrichtungen
des perturbations radioélectriques zur Messung der hochfrequenten
et de l'immunité aux perturbations Störaussendung (Funkstörungen)
radioélectriques - und Störfestigkeit -
Appareils de mesure Messgeräte
(CISPR 16-1-1:2006) (CISPR 16-1-1:2006)
This European Standard was approved by CENELEC on 2006-11-01. CENELEC members are bound to comply
with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard
the status of a national standard without any alteration.
Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on
application to the Central Secretariat or to any CENELEC member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other
language made by translation under the responsibility of a CENELEC member into its own language and notified
to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions.
CENELEC members are the national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, the
Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia,
Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain,
Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom.
CENELEC
European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization
Comité Européen de Normalisation Electrotechnique
Europäisches Komitee für Elektrotechnische Normung
Central Secretariat: rue de Stassart 35, B - 1050 Brussels
© 2007 CENELEC - All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CENELEC members.
Ref. No. EN 55016-1-1:2007 E
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EN 55016-1-1:2007 - 2 -
Foreword
The text of document CISPR/A/642/FDIS, future edition 2 of CISPR 16-1-1, prepared by CISPR SC A,
Radio-interference measurements and statistical methods, was submitted to the IEC-CENELEC parallel
vote and was approved by CENELEC as EN 55016-1-1 on 2006-11-01.
This European Standard supersedes EN 55016-1-1:2004 + A1:2005.
The following dates were fixed:
– latest date by which the EN has to be implemented
at national level by publication of an identical
national standard or by endorsement (dop) 2007-10-01
– latest date by which the national standards conflicting
(dow) 2009-11-01
with the EN have to be withdrawn
Annex ZA has been added by CENELEC.
__________
Endorsement notice
The text of the International Standard CISPR 16-1-1:2006 was approved by CENELEC as a European
Standard without any modification.
In the official version, for Bibliography, the following notes have to be added for the standards indicated:
CISPR 16-1-2 NOTE Harmonized as EN 55016-1-2:2004 (not modified).
CISPR 16-1-3 NOTE Harmonized as EN 55016-1-3:2006 (not modified).
CISPR 16-1-4 NOTE Harmonized as EN 55016-1-4:2004 (not modified).
CISPR 16-1-5 NOTE Harmonized as EN 55016-1-5:2004 (not modified).
CISPR 16-2-1 NOTE Harmonized as EN 55016-2-1:2004 (not modified).
CISPR 16-2-2 NOTE Harmonized as EN 55016-2-2:2004 (not modified).
CISPR 16-2-3 NOTE Harmonized as EN 55016-2-3:2004 (not modified).
CISPR 16-2-4 NOTE Harmonized as EN 55016-2-4:2004 (not modified).
CISPR 16-4-2 NOTE Harmonized as EN 55016-4-2:2004 (not modified).
__________
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- 3 - EN 55016-1-1:2007
Annex ZA
(normative)
Normative references to international publications
with their corresponding European publications
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
NOTE When an international publication has been modified by common modifications, indicated by (mod), the relevant EN/HD
applies.
Publication Year Title EN/HD Year
IEC 60050-161 1990 International Electrotechnical Vocabulary - -
+ A1 1997 (IEV) - - -
+ A2 1998 Chapter 161: Electromagnetic compatibility - -
CISPR 11 (mod) 2003 Industrial scientific and medical (ISM) EN 55011 2007
radio-frequency equipment - Electromagnetic
disturbance characteristics - Limits and
methods of measurement
CISPR 14-1 2005 Electromagnetic compatibility - Requirements EN 55014-1 2006
for household appliances, electric tools and
similar apparatus -
Part 1: Emission
CISPR 16-3 2003 Specification for radio disturbance and - -
immunity measuring apparatus and methods -
Part 3: CISPR technical reports
BIPM/IEC/IFCC/ISO/ 1993 International vocabulary of basic and general - -
IUPAC/IUPAP/OIML terms in metrology (VIM)
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INTERNATIONAL
CISPR
ELECTROTECHNICAL
16-1-1
COMMISSION
Edition 2.1
2006-11
Edition 2:2006 consolidated with amendment 1:2006
INTERNATIONAL SPECIAL COMMITTEE ON RADIO INTERFERENCE
Specification for radio disturbance and immunity
measuring apparatus and methods –
Part 1-1:
Radio disturbance and immunity measuring
apparatus – Measuring apparatus
© IEC 2006 Copyright - all rights reserved
No part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical,
including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from the publisher.
International Electrotechnical Commission, 3, rue de Varembé, PO Box 131, CH-1211 Geneva 20, Switzerland
Telephone: +41 22 919 02 11 Telefax: +41 22 919 03 00 E-mail: inmail@iec.ch Web: www.iec.ch
PRICE CODE
Commission Electrotechnique Internationale CL
International Electrotechnical Commission
Международная Электротехническая Комиссия
For price, see current catalogue
---------------------- Page: 5 ----------------------
CISPR 16-1-1 © IEC:2006+A1:2006 – 3 –
CONTENTS
FOREWORD.7
1 Scope.11
2 Normative references .11
3 Terms and definitions .13
4 Quasi-peak measuring receivers for the frequency range 9 kHz to 1 000 MHz .17
5 Measuring receivers with peak detector for the frequency range 9 kHz to 18 GHz .41
6 Measuring receivers with average detector
for the frequency range 9 kHz to 18 GHz.49
7 Measuring receivers with rms detector for the frequency range 9 kHz to 18 GHz .57
8 Measuring receivers for the frequency range 1 GHz to 18 GHz with amplitude
probability distribution (APD) measuring function.63
9 Disturbance analyzers .65
Annex A (normative) Determination of response to repeated pulses of quasi-peak and
r.m.s. measuring receivers (subclauses 3.2, 4.4.2, 7.2.2 and 7.4.1) .83
Annex B (normative) Determination of pulse generator spectrum
(subclauses 4.4, 5.4, 6.4, 7.4).93
Annex C (normative) Accurate measurements of the output of nanosecond pulse
generators (subclauses 4.4, 5.4, 6.4, 7.4) .97
Annex D (normative) Influence of the quasi-peak measuring receiver characteristics
on its pulse response (subclause 4.4.2) .101
Annex E (normative) Response of average and peak measuring receivers
(subclause 6.2.1) .103
Annex F (normative) Performance check of the exceptions from the definitions
of a click according to 4.2.3 of CISPR 14-1.121
Annex G (informative) Rationale for the specifications of the APD measuring function .135
Bibliography.141
Figure 1 – Pulse response curves .25
Figure 2 – Limits of overall selectivity .33
Figure 3 – Arrangement for testing intermodulation effects .35
Figure 4 – Block diagram of an average detector. .55
Figure 5 – Response of the meter simulating network to an intermittent narrowband
signal.55
Figure 6 – Example of a disturbance analyzer.69
Figure 7 – A graphical presentation of test signals used in the test of the analyzer for
the performance check against the definition of a click according to Table 14 .71
Figure 8 – Limits for the overall selectivity – pass band (Band E).47
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CISPR 16-1-1 © IEC:2006+A1:2006 – 5 –
Figure E.1 – Correction factor for estimating the ratio B /B for other tuned circuits.105
imp 6
Figure E.2 – Pulse rectification coefficient P .109
Figure E.3 – Example (spectrum) of a pulse-modulated signal
with a pulse width of 200 ns.113
Figure E.4 – Pulse-modulated RF signal applied to a measuring receiver .115
Figure E.5 – Filtering with a B much smaller than the prf .115
imp
Figure E.6– Filtering with a B much wider than the prf.115
imp
Figure E.7 – Calculation of the impulse bandwidth .117
Figure E.8 – Example of a normalized linear selectivity function. .119
Figure F.1 – A graphical presentation of the test signals used for the performance
check of the analyzer with the additional requirements according to Table F.1.133
Figure G.1 – Block diagram of APD measurement circuit without A/D converter.137
Figure G.2 – Block diagram of APD measurement circuit with A/D converter.137
Figure G.3 – Example of display of APD measurement .139
Table 1 – Fundamental characteristics of quasi-peak receivers.17
Table 2 – Test pulse characteristics for quasi-peak measuring receivers .19
Table 3 – Pulse response of quasi-peak receivers .27
Table 4 – Bandwidth characteristics for inter-modulation test of quasi-peak measuring
receivers.37
Table 5 – VSWR requirements for receiver input impedance.41
Table 6 – Bandwidth requirements .41
Table 7 – Relative pulse response of peak and quasi-peak measuring receivers for the
same bandwidth (frequency range 9 kHz to 1 000 MHz).45
Table 8 – Bandwidth requirements .49
Table 9 – Relative pulse response of average and quasi-peak measuring receivers for
the same bandwidth (frequency range 9 kHz to 1 GHz).51
Table 10 – Maximum reading of average measuring receivers for a pulse-modulated
sine-wave input in comparison with the response to a continuous sine-wave having the
same amplitude .55
Table 11 – Bandwidth requirements .59
Table 12 – Relative pulse response of rms and quasi-peak measuring receivers .61
Table 13 – Pulse response of rms measuring receiver .61
Table 14 – Disturbance analyzer performance test – Test signals used for the check
against the definition of a click.73
Table B.1 – Pulse generator characteristics .93
Table E.1 – Carrier level for pulse-modulated signal of 1,4 nVs .111
Table F.1 – Disturbance analyzer test signals .123
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CISPR 16-1-1 © IEC:2006+A1:2006 – 7 –
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
INTERNATIONAL SPECIAL COMMITTEE ON RADIO INTERFERENCE
___________
SPECIFICATION FOR RADIO DISTURBANCE AND IMMUNITY
MEASURING APPARATUS AND METHODS –
Part 1-1: Radio disturbance and immunity measuring apparatus –
Measuring apparatus
FOREWORD
1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote
international co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To
this end and in addition to other activities, IEC publishes International Standards, Technical Specifications,
Technical Reports, Publicly Available Specifications (PAS) and Guides (hereafter referred to as “IEC
Publication(s)”). Their preparation is entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested
in the subject dealt with may participate in this preparatory work. International, governmental and non-
governmental organizations liaising with the IEC also participate in this preparation. IEC collaborates closely
with the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by
agreement between the two organizations.
2) The formal decisions or agreements of IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an international
consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has representation from all
interested IEC National Committees.
3) IEC Publications have the form of recommendations for international use and are accepted by IEC National
Committees in that sense. While all reasonable efforts are made to ensure that the technical content of IEC
Publications is accurate, IEC cannot be held responsible for the way in which they are used or for any
misinterpretation by any end user.
4) In order to promote international uniformity, IEC National Committees undertake to apply IEC Publications
transparently to the maximum extent possible in their national and regional publications. Any divergence
between any IEC Publication and the corresponding national or regional publication shall be clearly indicated in
the latter.
5) IEC provides no marking procedure to indicate its approval and cannot be rendered responsible for any
equipment declared to be in conformity with an IEC Publication.
6) All users should ensure that they have the latest edition of this publication.
7) No liability shall attach to IEC or its directors, employees, servants or agents including individual experts and
members of its technical committees and IEC National Committees for any personal injury, property damage or
other damage of any nature whatsoever, whether direct or indirect, or for costs (including legal fees) and
expenses arising out of the publication, use of, or reliance upon, this IEC Publication or any other IEC
Publications.
8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is
indispensable for the correct application of this publication.
9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of
patent rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
International Standard CISPR 16-1-1 has been prepared by CISPR subcommittee A: Radio
interference measurements and statistical methods.
This consolidated version of CISPR 16-1-1 is based on the second edition (2006) [documents
CISPR/A/642/FDIS and CISPR/A/651/RVD] and its amendment 1 (2006) [documents
CISPR/A/647/CDV and CISPR/A/686/RVC].
It bears the edition number 2.1.
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CISPR 16-1-1 © IEC:2006+A1:2006 – 9 –
A vertical line in the margin shows where the base publication has been modified by
amendment 1.
This publication has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The CISPR 16 series, published under the general title Specification for radio disturbance and
immunity measuring apparatus and methods, consists of Parts 1, 2, 3 and 4, each of which is
further subdivided into parts:
– measurement instrumentation specifications are given in the five parts of CISPR 16-1;
– methods of measurement are covered in the four parts of CISPR 16-2;
– various reports with further information and background on CISPR and radio disturbances
in general are given in CISPR 16-3;
– information related to uncertainties, statistics and limit modelling is contained in
CISPR 16-4.
CISPR 16-1 consists of the following parts, under the general title Specification for radio
disturbance and immunity measuring apparatus and methods – Radio disturbance and
immunity measuring apparatus:
• Part 1-1: Measuring apparatus
• Part 1-2: Ancillary equipment – Conducted disturbances
• Part 1-3: Ancillary equipment – Disturbance power
• Part 1-4: Ancillary equipment – Radiated disturbances
• Part 1-5: Antenna calibration test sites for 30 MHz to 1 000 MHz
The committee has decided that the contents of the base publication and its amendments will
remain unchanged until the maintenance result date indicated on the IEC web site under
"http://webstore.iec.ch" in the data related to the specific publication. At this date,
the publication will be
• reconfirmed,
• withdrawn,
• replaced by a revised edition, or
• amended.
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CISPR 16-1-1 © IEC:2006+A1:2006 – 11 –
SPECIFICATION FOR RADIO DISTURBANCE AND IMMUNITY
MEASURING APPARATUS AND METHODS –
Part 1-1: Radio disturbance and immunity measuring apparatus –
Measuring apparatus
1 Scope
This part of CISPR 16 is designated a basic standard, which specifies the characteristics and
performance of equipment for the measurement of radio disturbance voltages, currents and
fields in the frequency range 9 kHz to 18 GHz. In addition, requirements are specified for
specialized equipment for discontinuous disturbance measurements. The requirements
include the measurement of broadband and narrowband types of radio disturbance.
The receiver types covered include the following:
a) the quasi-peak measuring receiver,
b) the peak measuring receiver,
c) the average measuring receiver,
d) the r.m.s. measuring receiver.
The requirements of this publication shall be complied with at all frequencies and for all levels
of radio disturbance voltages, currents, power or field strengths within the CISPR indicating
range of the measuring equipment.
Methods of measurement are covered in Part 2, and further information on radio disturbance
is given in Part 3 of CISPR 16. Uncertainties, statistics and limit modelling are covered in
Part 4 of CISPR 16.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document.
For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition
of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
IEC 60050-161:1990, International Electrotechnical Vocabulary (IEV) – Chapter 161:
Electromagnetic compatibility
Amendment 1 (1997)
Amendment 2 (1998)
CISPR 11:2003, Industrial, scientific and medical (ISM) radio-frequency equipment – Electro-
magnetic disturbance characteristics – Limits and methods of measurement
CISPR 14-1:2005, Electromagnetic compatibility – Requirements for household appliances,
electric tools and similar apparatus – Part 1: Emission
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CISPR 16-1-1 © IEC:2006+A1:2006 – 13 –
CISPR 16-3:2003, Specification for radio disturbance and Immunity measuring apparatus and
methods – Part 3: CISPR technical reports
BIPM / IEC / IFCC / ISO / IUPAC / IUPAP / OIML:1993, International vocabulary of basic and
general terms in metrology
3 Terms and definitions
For the purpose of this document, the following definitions apply. Also see IEC 60050(161)
and the International vocabulary of basic and general terms in metrology.
3.1
bandwidth
B
n
the width of the overall selectivity curve of the receiver between two points at a stated
attenuation, below the midband response. The bandwidth is represented by the symbol B ,
n
where n is the stated attenuation in decibels.
3.2
impulse bandwidth
B
imp
B = A(t) / (2 G × IS)
imp max o
where
is the peak of the envelope at the IF output of the receiver with an impulse area IS
A(t)
max
applied at the receiver input;
G is the gain of the circuit at the centre frequency.
o
Specifically for two critically-coupled tuned transformers,
B = 1,05 × B = 1,31 × B
imp 6 3
where
B and B are respectively the bandwidths at the –6 dB and –3 dB points (see Clause A.2 for
6 3
further information).
3.3
impulse area
IS
the impulse area (sometimes called impulse strength, IS) is the voltage-time area of a pulse
defined by the integral:
+∞
IS = V d(t) t (expressed in μVs or dB(μVs))
∫
−∞
NOTE Spectral density (D) is related to impulse area and expressed in μV/MHz or dB(μV/MHz). For rectangular
6
impulses of pulse duration T at frequencies f << 1/T, the relationship D (μV/MHz) = 2 ×10 IS (μVs) applies.
3.4
electrical charge time constant
T
C
the time needed after the instantaneous application of a constant sine-wave voltage to the
stage immediately preceding the input of the detector for the output voltage of the detector to
reach 63 % of its final value
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CISPR 16-1-1 © IEC:2006+A1:2006 – 15 –
NOTE This time constant is determined as follows: A sine-wave signal of constant amplitude and having a
frequency equal to the mid-band frequency of the i.f. amplifier is applied to the input of the stage immediately
preceding the detector. The indication, D, of an instrument having no inertia (e.g., a cathode-ray oscilloscope)
connected to a terminal in the d.c. amplifier circuit so as not to affect the behaviour of the detector, is noted.
The level of the signal is chosen such that the response of the stages concerned remains within the linear
operating range. A sine-wave signal of this level, applied for a limited time only and having a wave train of
rectangular envelope is gated such that the deflection registered is 0,63 D. The duration of this signal is equal to
the charge time of the detector.
3.5
electrical discharge time constant
T
D
the time needed after the instantaneous removal of a constant sine-wave voltage applied to
the stage immediately preceding the input of the detector for the output of the detector to fall
to 37 % of its initial value
NOTE The method of measurement is analogous to that for the charge time constant, but instead of a signal
being applied for a limited time, the signal is interrupted for a definite time. The time taken for the deflection to fall
to 0,37 D is the discharge time constant of the detector.
3.6
mechanical time constant of a critically damped indicating instrument
T
M
T = T / 2π
M L
where
T is the period of free oscillation of the instrument with all damping removed.
L
NOTE 1 For a critically damped instrument, the equation of motion of the system may be written as:
2 2 2
T (d α / dt ) + 2T (dα / dt) + α = ki
M M
where
α is the deflection;
i is the current through the instrument;
k is a constant.
It can be deduced from this relation that this time constant is also equal to the duration of a rectangular pulse (of
constant amplitude) that produces a deflection equal to 35 % of the steady deflection produced by a continuous
current having the same amplitude as that of the rectangular pulse.
NOTE 2 The methods of measurement and adjustment are deduced from one of the following:
a) The period of free oscillation having been adjusted to 2πT , damping is added so that αT = 0,35α .
M max
b) When the period of oscillation cannot be measured, the damping is adjusted to be just below critical such that
the overswing is not greater than 5 % and the moment of inertia of the movement is such that αT = 0,35α .
max
3.7
overload factor
the ratio of the level that corresponds to the range of practical linear function of a circuit (or a
group of circuits) to the level that corresponds to full-scale deflection of the indicating
instrument
The maximum level at which the steady-state response of a circuit (or group of circuits) does
not depart by more than 1 dB from ideal linearity defines the range of practical linear function
of the circuit (or group of circuits).
3.8
symmetric voltage
in a two-wire circuit, such as a single-phase mains supply, the symmetric voltage is the radio-
frequency disturbance voltage appearing between the two wires. This is sometimes called the
differential mode voltage. If Va is the vector voltage between one of the mains terminals and
earth and Vb is the vector voltage between the other mains terminal and earth, the symmetric
voltage is the vector difference (Va-Vb)
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CISPR 16-1-1 © IEC:2006+A1:2006 – 17 –
3.9
CISPR indicating range
it is the range specified by the manufacturer which gives the maximum and the minimum
meter indications within which the receiver meets the requirements of this section of
CISPR 16
4 Quasi-peak measuring receivers for the frequency range 9 kHz to 1 000 MHz
The receiver specification depends on the frequency of operation. There is one receiver
specification covering the frequency range 9 kHz to 150 kHz (band A), one covering 150 kHz
to 30 MHz (band B), one covering 30 MHz
...
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