SIST EN 1568-3:2008
Fire extinguishing media - Foam concentrates - Part 3: Specification for low expansion foam concentrates for surface application to water-immiscible liquids
Fire extinguishing media - Foam concentrates - Part 3: Specification for low expansion foam concentrates for surface application to water-immiscible liquids
This document specifies requirements for chemical and physical properties, and minimum performance requirements of low expansion foams suitable for surface application to water-immiscible liquids. Requirements are also given for marking.
Feuerlöschmittel - Schaummittel - Teil 3: Anforderungen an Schaummittel zur Erzeugung von Schwerschaum zum Aufgeben auf nicht-polare Flüssigkeiten
Dieses Dokument legt Anforderungen an chemische und physikalische Eigenschaften und Anforderungen an die
Mindestgebrauchsfähigkeit von Schwerschäumen fest, die für die Aufgabe auf nicht-polare Flüssigkeiten
geeignet sind. Anforderungen an die Kennzeichnung sind ebenfalls festgelegt.
ANMERKUNG Einige diesem Teil von EN 1568 entsprechende Schaummittel können auch mit den anderen Teilen
übereinstimmen und deshalb auch für die Anwendung als Mittel- und/oder Leichtschäume geeignet sein.
Agents extincteurs - Emulseurs - - Partie 3 : Spécifications pour les émulseurs bas foisonnement destinés a une application a la surface des liquides n'ayant pas d'affinité pour l'eau
La présente norme européenne spécifie les exigences en matiere de propriétés chimiques, physiques et de
performances minimales des émulseurs bas foisonnement convenant a une application a la surface des
liquides n'ayant pas d'affinité pour l'eau. Des exigences concernant les marquages sont également fournies.
NOTE Il se peut que certains émulseurs conformes a la présente partie de l'EN 1568 soient également conformes a
d'autres parties de cette meme norme et conviennent donc a une application comme émulseurs moyen et/ou haut
foisonnement et a une application a bas foisonnement aux liquides ayant un affinité pour l'eau.
Gasila - Penila - 3. del: Specifikacija za penila za težko peno za površinsko uporabo pri tekočinah, netopnih v vodi
Ta dokument določa zahteve za kemične in fizične lastnosti ter minimalne zahteve za zmogljivost težkih pen, primernih za površinsko uporabo pri tekočinah, netopnih v vodi. Podane so tudi zahteve za označevanje.
General Information
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Standards Content (Sample)
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Fire extinguishing media - Foam concentrates - Part 3: Specification for low expansion foam concentrates for surface application to water-immiscible liquidsAgents extincteurs - Emulseurs -
- Partie 3 : Spécifications pour les émulseurs bas foisonnement destinés a une application a la surface des liquides n'ayant pas d'affinité pour l'eauFeuerlöschmittel - Schaummittel - Teil 3: Anforderungen an Schaummittel zur Erzeugung von Schwerschaum zum Aufgeben auf nicht-polare Flüssigkeiten13.220.10Gašenje požaraFire-fightingICS:SIST EN 1568-3:2008en,fr,deTa slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 1568-3:200801-julij-2008SIST EN 1568-3:2008SLOVENSKI
STANDARDSIST EN 1568-3:20011DGRPHãþD
EUROPEAN STANDARDNORME EUROPÉENNEEUROPÄISCHE NORMEN 1568-3March 2008ICS 13.220.10Supersedes EN 1568-3:2000
English VersionFire extinguishing media - Foam concentrates - Part 3:Specification for low expansion foam concentrates for surfaceapplication to water-immiscible liquidsAgents extincteurs - Emulseurs - Partie 3: Spécificationspour les émulseurs bas foisonnement destinés à uneapplication à la surface de liquides n'ayant pas d'affinitépour l'eauFeuerlöschmittel - Schaummittel - Teil 3: Anforderungen anSchaummittel zur Erzeugung von Schwerschaum zumAufgeben auf nicht-polare (mit Wasser nicht mischbare)FlüssigkeitenThis European Standard was approved by CEN on 5 January 2008.CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this EuropeanStandard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such nationalstandards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member.This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translationunder the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as theofficial versions.CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland,France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATIONCOMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATIONEUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNGManagement Centre: rue de Stassart, 36
B-1050 Brussels© 2008 CENAll rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reservedworldwide for CEN national Members.Ref. No. EN 1568-3:2008: E
EN 1568-3:2008 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword.3 Introduction.4 1 Scope.5 2 Normative references.5 3 Terms and definitions.5 4 Sediment in the foam concentrate.7 5 Viscosity of the foam concentrate.7 6 pH of the foam concentrate.7 7 Surface tension of the foam solution.7 8 Spreading coefficient of the foam solutions.7 9 Expansion and drainage of foam.8 10 Test fire performance.8 11 Container marking.9 Annex A (informative) Grades of foam concentrate and performance.11 Annex B (normative)
Preliminary sampling of foam concentrates.12 Annex C (normative)
Determination of percentage sediment.13 Annex D (normative)
Determination of Viscosity for pseudo-plastic foam concentrates.14 Annex E (normative)
Temperature conditioning of foam concentrates.16 Annex F (normative)
Determination of surface tension and spreading coefficient.19 Annex G (normative)
Determination of expansion and drainage time.20 Annex H (normative)
Determination of test fire performance.25 Annex I (informative)
Small scale fire test.30 Annex J (informative)
Description of a radiation measurement method.40 Annex K (informative)
A-Deviations.44 Bibliography.46
EN 1568-3:2008 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN 1568-3:2008) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 191 “Fixed firefighting systems”, the secretariat of which is held by BSI. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by September 2008, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by September 2008. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document supersedes EN 1568-3:2000. This European Standard is one of the series specifying requirements for fire extinguishing media in common use. This series includes the following: EN 25923, Fire protection — Fire extinguishing media — Carbon dioxide (ISO 5923:1989) EN 27201-1, Fire protection — Fire extinguishing media — Halogenated hydrocarbons —
Part 1: Specifications for halon 1211 and halon 1301 (ISO 7201-1:1989) EN 27201-2, Fire protection — Fire extinguishing media — Halogenated hydrocarbons — Part 2: Code of practice for safe handling and transfer procedures (ISO 7201-2:1991) EN 615, Fire protection — Fire extinguishing media — Specification for powders (other than Class D powders)
This standard is Part 3 of EN 1568 which has the general title "Fire extinguishing media - Foam concentrates". The other parts are: Part 1 - Specification for medium expansion foam concentrates for surface application to water-immiscible liquids Part 2 - Specification for high expansion foam concentrates for surface application to water-immiscible liquids Part 4 - Specification for low expansion foam concentrates for surface application to water-miscible liquids As fire fighting foams are chemical agents or chemical preparations EC Directives 1967/548/EEC, 1999/45/EEC, Regulation (EC) 1907/2006 (REACH) and 2006/60/EEC apply and should be taken into account. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom.
EN 1568-3:2008 (E) 4 Introduction Classes of fire are defined in EN 2 as follows: Class A: fires involving solid materials, usually of an organic nature, in which combustion normally takes place with the formation of glowing embers; Class B: fires involving liquids or liquefiable solids; Class C: fires involving gases; Class D: fires involving metals; Class F: fires involving cooking media (vegetable or animal oils and fats) in cooking appliances. Fire-fighting foams are widely used to control and extinguish Class B fires and to inhibit re-ignition. These foams can also be used for prevention of ignition of flammable liquids and, in certain conditions, to extinguish Class A fires. Foams can be used in combination with other extinguishing media, particularly gaseous media and powders, which are the subject of other European Standards (see Foreword). These specifications have been designed to ensure that fire extinguishing media have the minimum useful fire fighting capability. The user should ensure that the foam concentrates are used accurately at the concentration recommended by the manufacturer. Fire performances indicated by this standard cannot replicate practical fire situations. Foam concentrates of different types and manufacture should not be mixed. It should be noted that some combinations of extinguishing powder and foam can lead to unacceptable loss of efficiency, caused by unfavourable interaction of the chosen media when applied simultaneously or successively to the fire. It is extremely important that the foam concentrate after dilution with water to the recommended concentration should not in normal usage present a significant toxic hazard to life in relation to the environment. The current versions of EC Directives 67/548/EEC, 2006/60/EEC, 1999/45/EEC and Regulation (EC) 1907/2006 apply when considering the testing of ecotoxilogical properties and Safety in the work environment.
EN 1568-3:2008 (E) 5 1 Scope This document specifies requirements for chemical and physical properties, and minimum performance requirements of low expansion foams suitable for surface application to water-immiscible liquids. Requirements are also given for marking. NOTE Some concentrates conforming to this part of EN 1568 can also conform to other parts and therefore can also be suitable for application as medium and/or high expansion foams, and for application at low expansion to water-miscible liquids. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN ISO 3104, Petroleum products — Transparent and opaque liquids — Determination of kinematic viscosity and calculation of dynamic viscosity (ISO 3104:1994) EN ISO 3219, Plastics - Polymers/resins in the liquid state or as emulsions or dispersions - Determination of viscosity using a rotational viscometer with defined shear rate (ISO 3219:1993) EN ISO 3696, Water for analytical laboratory use - Specification and test methods (ISO 3696:1987) ISO 304, Surface active agents — Determination of surface tension by drawing up liquid films ISO 3310-1, Test sieves — Technical requirements and testing — Part 1: Test sieves of metal wire cloth 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 25 %/50 % drainage time time taken for 25/50 % of the volume of the original foam solution to drain out of the generated foam 3.2 expansion
expansion value expansion ratio ratio of the volume of foam to the volume of the foam solution from which it was made 3.3 low expansion foam foam which has an expansion ratio less than 20 3.4 medium expansion foam foam which has an expansion ratio greater than or equal to 20 but less than 200 3.5 high expansion foam foam which has an expansion ratio greater than or equal to 200
EN 1568-3:2008 (E) 6 3.6 fire-fighting foam aggregate of air filled bubbles formed from a foam solution used for fire-fighting 3.7 foam concentrate liquid which is diluted with water to produce foam solution NOTE Annex A gives information on grades of foam concentrate. 3.8 foam solution solution of foam concentrate in water 3.9 gentle application application (of foam from the test nozzle) indirectly to the surface of the fuel from a backboard NOTE This definition of gentle application relates to the fire test procedures used in EN 1568 parts 3 and 4. In practice fire-fighting systems foam can also be applied gently by fixed foam pourers or by indirect application via a tank wall or other surface. 3.10 forceful application application (of foam from the test nozzle) directly onto the surface of the fuel 3.11 sediment insoluble particles in the foam concentrate 3.12 spreading coefficient value which indicates the ability of one liquid to spread spontaneously across the surface of another NOTE The spreading coefficient indicates the possibility of film-forming, but it does not measure its quality. 3.13 Newtonian foam concentrates foam concentrates which have a viscosity which is independent of the shear rate 3.14 pseudo-plastic foam concentrates foam concentrates which have a viscosity which decreases with increasing shear rate 3.15 surface tension
tension within the interface between a liquid and air 3.16 interfacial tension tension within the interface between two immiscible liquids
EN 1568-3:2008 (E) 7 4 Sediment in the foam concentrate 4.1 Sediment before ageing Any sediment in the foam concentrate sampled in accordance with Annex B, but not aged in accordance with C.1, shall be dispersible through a 180 µm sieve, and the percentage volume of sediment shall be not more than 0,25 % when tested in accordance with Annex C. 4.2 Sediment after ageing Any sediment in the foam concentrate sampled in accordance with Annex B, and aged in accordance with C.1, shall be dispersible through a 180 µm sieve and the percentage volume of sediment shall be not more than 1,0 % when tested in accordance with Annex C.
5 Viscosity of the foam concentrate 5.1 Newtonian foam concentrates The viscosity of the foam concentrate at the lowest temperature for use claimed by the manufacturer shall be determined in accordance with EN ISO 3104. If the viscosity is >200 mm2 s–1, the container shall be marked in accordance with Clause 11 l). 5.2 Pseudo-plastic foam concentrates The viscosity of the foam concentrate shall be determined in accordance with Annex D. If the viscosity at the lowest temperature for use is greater than or equal to 120 mPa.s at 375 s-1, the container shall be marked in accordance with Clause 11 m). 6 pH of the foam concentrate The pH of the foam concentrate sampled in accordance with Annex B shall be not less than 6,0 and not more than 9,5 at (20 ± 1) °C. 7 Surface tension of the foam solution The surface tension (determined in accordance with F.2.1) of the foam solutions prepared using top and bottom half-samples (see E.4) of the foam concentrate sampled in accordance with Annex B and conditioned in accordance with Annex E shall be not less than 0,95 times and not more than 1,05 times the surface tension of the foam solution prepared using the sampled foam concentrate. 8 Spreading coefficient of the foam solutions NOTE The spreading coefficient indicates the possibility of film-forming, but it does not measure its quality. Certain properties of film-forming foams are not defined are note defined by this standard. 8.1 Before temperature conditioning The foam solution prepared using the concentrate, if it is claimed by the supplier to be "aqueous film-forming", sampled in accordance with Annex B shall have a positive spreading coefficient over cyclohexane when tested in accordance with F.2.2.
EN 1568-3:2008 (E) 8 8.2 After temperature conditioning The foam solution prepared using top and bottom half-samples, see E.4, of the foam concentrate, if it is claimed by the supplier to be "aqueous film-forming", sampled in accordance with Annex B and conditioned in accordance with Annex E, shall have a positive spreading coefficient over cyclohexane when tested in accordance with F.2.2. 9 Expansion and drainage of foam 9.1 Before temperature conditioning The foam produced from the foam solution prepared from the foam concentrate sampled in accordance with Annex B, at the supplier’s recommended concentration with potable water shall be tested in accordance with Annex G. If appropriate, a further sample for the same concentration made with the simulated sea water in accordance with G.4 shall also be tested. 9.2 After temperature conditioning The foams produced from the solutions prepared with potable water by using top and bottom half-samples, see E.4, of foam concentrate, sampled in accordance with Annex B, at the supplier’s recommended concentration, when tested in accordance with Annex G, shall have the following; a) expansions which do not differ from each other or from the value obtained in 9.1 using potable water (i.e. before temperature conditioning) by more than 20 % of the value obtained in 9.1 using potable water; and b) 25 % drainage times which do not differ from each other or from the value obtained in 9.1 using potable water (i.e. before temperature conditioning) by more than 20 % of the value obtained in 9.1 using potable water. If appropriate repeat the tests using top and bottom half-samples, see E.4, of foam concentrate, sampled in accordance with Annex B, at the supplier’s recommended concentration, using foam solutions prepared with the simulated sea water in accordance with G.4. These foam solutions shall have the following: c) expansions which do not differ from each other or from the value obtained in 9.1 using the simulated sea water (i.e. before temperature conditioning) by more than 20 % of the value obtained in 9.1 using the simulated sea water in accordance with G.4; and, d) 25 % drainage times which do not differ from each other or from the value obtained in 9.1 using the simulated sea water (i.e. before temperature conditioning) by more than 20 % of the value obtained in 9.1 using the simulated sea water in accordance with G.4. 10 Test fire performance The foam produced from the foam solutions, prepared using the foam concentrate sampled in accordance with Annex B at the supplier's recommended concentration with potable water and if appropriate at the same concentration with the simulated sea water in accordance with G.4, shall have an extinguishing performance class and burn-back resistance level as specified in Table 1 when tested in accordance with H.1 and H.2 and/or H.3 as appropriate. NOTE 1 The values obtained with sea water can differ from those obtained with potable water. NOTE 2 Annex I describes a small scale fire test which can be suitable for quality control purposes.
EN 1568-3:2008 (E) 9
Table 1 — Maximum extinction times and minimum burn-back times Times in minutes Extinguishing performance class Burn-back resistance level Gentle application test (See H.2) Forceful application test (See H.3)
Extinction time not more than Burn-back time not less than Extinction time not more than Burn-back time not less than
A not applicable 3 10 I B
15 3
C
10 3 Not
D
5 3 Applicable
A not applicable 4 10 II B
15 4
C
10 4 Not
D
5 4 Applicable
B 5 15
III C 5 10 Not
D 5 5 Applicable NOTE 1
There is no burn-back resistance level A for class III.
NOTE 2
Typical extinguishing performance classes and burn-back resistance levels for different types of foam concentrate are given in Annex A. 11 Container marking Markings on shipping containers should be permanent and legible. The following information shall be marked on the packaging or transport container: a) the designation (identifying name) of the concentrate; b) the words "low expansion fire-fighting foam concentrate" and the number and date of this European Standard (i.e. EN 1568-3:2008); NOTE For low expansion concentrates which also conform to other parts of EN 1568 additional markings can be used as given in those parts. c) if the concentrate conforms to Clause 8 the words "aqueous film-forming"; d) recommended usage concentration (most commonly 1 %, 3 % or 6 %); e) any tendency of the foam concentrate to cause harmful physiological effects, the methods needed to avoid them and the first aid treatment if they should occur; f) recommended maximum storage temperature and lowest temperature for use; g) if the concentrate does not conform to Clause 7, 8.2 and 9.2 after conditioning in accordance with E.2 the words 'Do not store below 0 °C'; h) the nominal quantity in the container;
EN 1568-3:2008 (E) 10 i) the supplier's name and address; j) the batch number and the date of manufacture; k) the words "Not suitable for use with sea water" or "Suitable for use with sea water" as appropriate; l) if the foam concentrate is Newtonian and the viscosity at the lowest temperature for use is more than 200 mm2 s-1 when measured in accordance with EN ISO 3104 the words “This concentrate can require special proportioning equipment”; m) if the foam concentrate is pseudo-plastic and the viscosity at the lowest temperature for use is greater than or equal to 120 mPa.s at 375 s-1 the words “Pseudo-plastic foam concentrate. This concentrate can require special proportioning equipment”; n) the lowest extinguishing performance class and the lowest burn-back resistance level obtained during testing to each part of EN 1568 (if tested to more than one part) with all fuels in potable water and sea water.
EN 1568-3:2008 (E) 11 Annex A (informative) Grades of foam concentrate and performance A.1 Grades Foam concentrates are graded as follows: a) protein foam concentrates (P): these are liquids derived from hydrolysed protein materials; b) fluoroprotein foam concentrates (FP): these are protein concentrates with added fluorinated surface active agents; c) synthetic foam concentrates (S): these are based upon mixtures of hydrocarbon surface-active agents and can contain fluorinated surface active agents with additional stabilizers; d) alcohol resistant foam concentrates (AR): these can be suitable for use on hydrocarbon fuels, and additionally are resistant to breakdown when applied to the surface of water-miscible liquid fuels. Some alcohol resistant foam concentrates can precipitate a polymeric membrane on the surface of alcohol; e) aqueous film-forming foam concentrates (AFFF): these are generally based on mixtures of hydrocarbon surfactants and fluorinated surface active agents and have the ability to form an aqueous film on the surface of some hydrocarbon fuels; f) film-forming fluoroprotein foam concentrates (FFFP): these are fluoroprotein foam concentrates which have the ability to form an aqueous film on the surface of some hydrocarbon fuels. A.2 Typical performance The correlation between performance and grade of concentrate is not perfect. The values given in Table A.1 are therefore only typical and particular foam of a given grade can have performance better or worse than that shown. Table A.1 — Typical performance for various grades of foam concentrate Grade Extinguishing performance class Burn-back resistance level Film formation AFFF (not AR)
I
C
Yes AFFF (AR)
I
A or B
Yes FFFP (not AR)
I
B
Yes FFFP (AR)
I
A or B
Yes FP (not AR)
II
A or B
No FP (AR)
II
A or B
No P (not AR)
III
B
No P (AR)
III
B
No S (not AR)
III
C
No S (AR)
III
C
No
EN 1568-3:2008 (E) 12 Annex B (normative)
Preliminary sampling of foam concentrates The samples for testing shall be delivered by the supplier in completely filled sealable containers. The samples for testing shall be taken and delivered by the supplier using a method which will provide a representative sample of the foam concentrate to be tested. NOTE Nominal 25-litre containers are convenient.
EN 1568-3:2008 (E) 13 Annex C (normative)
Determination of percentage sediment NOTE See Clause 4. C.1 Sampling Use a sample prepared in accordance with Annex B. Place approximately 1 l of the sample in a suitable container of nominal capacity sufficient to provide an ullage of 5 % to 10 % of the container volume. Seal the container. Ensure that any sediment is dispersed by agitating the sample container. Take two samples, testing one immediately at a temperature of (20 ± 5) °C, the other after ageing for (24 ± 2) h at (60 ± 2) °C in a completely filled container without access to air. C.2 Apparatus C.2.1 Graduated centrifuge tubes NOTE The centrifuge tubes described in ISO 3734 are suitable. C.2.2 Centrifuge, operating at (6 000 ± 600) m s-2. NOTE The centrifuge described in ISO 3734 is suitable. C.2.3 180 µµµµm sieve conforming to ISO 3310-1 C.2.4 Plastic wash bottle C.3 Procedure C.3.1 Centrifuge each sample of the concentrate for 10 min. Determine the volume of the sediment and report it as a percentage of the volume of the centrifuged sample. C.3.2 Wash the contents of the centrifuge tube onto the sieve and check whether the sediment can be dispersed through the sieve by the jet from the plastic wash bottle.
EN 1568-3:2008 (E) 14 Annex D (normative)
Determination of Viscosity for pseudo-plastic foam concentrates NOTE The procedure is described in EN ISO 3219 Part A or B. D.1 Pseudo-plastic foam concentrates Pseudo-plastic foam concentrates have a viscosity which decreases with increasing shear rate at constant temperature. NOTE Pseudo-plastic foam concentrates are a particular class of non-Newtonian foam concentrate. D.2 Viscosity determination D.2.1 Apparatus Rotational viscometer in accordance with EN ISO 3219 with the following parameters: Maximum shear stress ≥ 75 Pa Maximum shear rate ≥ 600 s-1 The viscometer shall be fitted with a temperature control unit which can maintain the sample temperature within ± 1 ºC of the required temperature. D.2.2 Test temperatures The viscosity of the foam concentrate shall be measured from 20 ºC, to and including the lowest temperature for use claimed by the manufacturer in steps of 10 ºC. Use a fresh sample for each temperature. D.2.3 Viscosity measurement If the sample contains suspended air bubbles the sample shall be centrifuged for 10 min using the apparatus specified in C.2.1 and C.2 before the sample is applied in the apparatus. The test should be performed according to the following test procedure:
1. adjustment of temperature control unit; 2. setting of the gap; 3. application of the sample; 4. minimum 10 min waiting period (no shear) to reach temperature equilibrium; 5. 1 min pre-shearing at 600 s-1; 6. 1 min waiting period without shearing;
EN 1568-3:2008 (E) 15 7. measure the shear stress for 10 s at each shear rate starting at the lowest shear rate (preferable at 75 s-1). Measure the shear stress at least at 8 different shear rates over the range (0 to 600 s-1), e.g. 75-1, 150-1, 225-1, 300-1, 375-1, 450-1, 525-1, 600 s-1. Calculate the apparent viscosity from the Equation (D.1): Apparent viscosity ()()()11000−×=⋅sShearratePasShearstressmPa (D.1) D.2.4 Results Report the results as a table including test temperature (ºC), shear rate (s-1), Shear stress (Pa), and apparent viscosity (mPa.s).
EN 1568-3:2008 (E) 16 Annex E (normative)
Temperature conditioning of foam concentrates E.1 General If the foam concentrate is claimed by the supplier not to be adversely affected by storage at -30 ºC, condition the sample in accordance with E.2 and then in accordance with E.3; otherwise, condition only in accordance with E.3. E.2 Low temperature conditioning E.2.1 Apparatus E.2.1.1 Freezing chamber, capable of achieving a temperature of (-30 ± 3) ºC E.2.1.2 Sample containers, in accordance with Annex B. NOTE More than one container can be needed to condition sufficient volume of foam concentrate for subsequent testing. E.2.2 Procedure Set the temperature of the freezing chamber to (-30 ± 3) ºC. Do not agitate the content of the container(s) at any time until the sample of foam concentrate has been divided into top and bottom half-samples (see E.4). Place the sample container(s) in the freezing chamber and maintain at the required temperature for (24 ± 1) h. At the end of this period store the container(s) for not less than 48 h and not more than 72 h in an ambient temperature of (20 ± 5) ºC. Repeat 3 times so that there are four cycles of freezing and thawing before testing. E.3 High temperature conditioning E.3.1 Apparatus Oven, capable of achieving a temperature of (60 ± 3) ºC. E.3.2 Procedure Set the temperature of the oven to (60 ± 3) ºC. If the foam concentrate sample has not been conditioned in accordance with E.2 use foam concentrate sample in accordance with Annex B; otherwise use containers conditioned in accordance with E.2. Do not agitate the content of the container(s) at any time until the sample of foam concentrate has been divided into top and bottom half-samples (see E.4).
EN 1568-3:2008 (E) 17 Place the container(s) in the oven and maintain at required temperature for 7 days. At the end of this period store the container(s) for not less than 48 h and not more 72 h in an ambient temperature of (20 ± 5) ºC. E.4 Division into top and bottom half-samples E.4.1 Apparatus E.4.1.1
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