SIST EN 1459:1999+A3:2012
(Main)Safety of industrial trucks - Self-propelled variable reach trucks
Safety of industrial trucks - Self-propelled variable reach trucks
1.1 This standard applies to self-propelled seated rider operated variable reach trucks intended to handle loads of all kinds using one of the attachments listed in 3.10 - 3.11 - 3.13 - 3.14 - 3.15 - 3.16 - 3.19 - 3.20. It does not cover the lifting of persons by any attachments, in particular by work platforms. Machines with variable length load suspension elements (chains, ropes etc) from which the load may swing freely in all directions are not covered in this standard. It applies to the handling of series 1 freight containers of length superior or equal to 6 m with the dimensional and securing characteristics as specified in ISO 668 and ISO 3874.
1.2 For the purpose of this standard, self-propelled seated rider operated variable reach trucks (hereinafter referred to as trucks) are counterbalanced lift trucks with one or more articulated arms, telescopic or not, non-slewing, as defined in 4.13.2.2.2 of ISO 5053:1987 used for stacking loads. The load handling means may be mounted directly on the lifting means or on an auxiliary mast fixed at the end of the lifting means. Lifting means shall be non-slewing or have slewing movement not greater than 5° either side of the longitudinal axis of the truck.
1. Vertical Pivoting axis
Figure 1
1.3 Two types of variable reach trucks are covered in this standard:
- industrial trucks for operation on substantially firm smooth, level and prepared surfaces;
- rough terrain trucks for operation on unimproved natural terrain and disturbed terrain or areas.
1.4 Trucks may be equipped with fork arms for normal industrial duties, or attachments for specific applications such as handling freight containers. Trucks may be equipped with stabilisers, axle locking or lateral levelling devices.
1.5 This standard covers all specific hazards which could occur during operation and maintenance of trucks. For hazards occurring during construction, transportation, commissioning, decommissioning and disposal, reference should be
Sicherheit von Flurförderzeugen - Kraftbetriebene Stapler mit veränderlicher Reichweite
Diese Norm gilt für kraftbetriebene Mitfahrer-Flurförderzeuge mit veränderlicher Reichweite, zur Handhabung
unterschiedlicher Lasten mit Hilfe von Anbaugeräten, wie sie z. B. in 3.10, 3.11, 3.13, 3.14, 3.15, 3.16,
3.19 und 3.20 aufgeführt sind.
In dieser Norm wird das Anheben von Personen mit Hilfe von Anbaugeräten, wie z. B. Arbeitsbühnen, nicht
behandelt.
Sie gilt nicht für Flurförderzeuge, die mit Tragmitteln veränderlicher Länge ausgerüstet sind (wie Ketten oder
Seile) und ein freies Pendeln der Last in alle Richtungen ermöglichen.
Sie gilt für das Handhaben von Containern der Reihe 1 mit einer Länge von 6 m oder mehr mit den durch
ISO 668 und ISO 3874 vorgegebenen Abmessungen und Befestigungsart.
1.2 Im Sinne dieser Norm werden als kraftbetriebene Sitz-Flurförderzeuge mit veränderlicher Reichweite
(im folgenden „Stapler“ genannt) alle Gegengewichts-Stapler nach ISO 5053:1987, 4.13.2.2.2, bezeichnet, die
mit einem oder mehreren nicht schwenkbaren Gelenkarmen (teleskopierbar oder nicht) für die Handhabung
von Lasten ausgerüstet sind. Die Lastaufnahmeeinrichtungen können entweder direkt an den Hubeinrichtungen
oder an einem Hilfsmast montiert sein, der am Ende der Hubeinrichtungen befestigt ist. Die
Hubeinrichtungen müssen starr befestigt sein oder aber können einen Bewegungsspielraum von nicht mehr
als 5° zu beiden Seiten der Längsachse des Staplers haben (siehe Bild 1).
Sécurité des chariots de manutention - Chariots automoteurs à portée variable
1.1 La présente norme s'applique aux chariots de manutention automoteurs à conducteur porté à portée variable
destinés à manutentionner des charges de toute nature à l'aide d'un des équipements tels que énumérés,
par exemple en 3.10 — 3.11 — 3.13 — 3.14 — 3.15 — 3.16 — 3.19 — 3.20.
Elle ne traite pas du levage des personnes au moyen d'un quelconque équipement, notamment une plate-forme
de travail.
Elle ne s'applique pas aux chariots comportant des éléments de suspension de la charge à longueur variable
(tels que chaînes, câbles) et permettant à la charge d'osciller librement en toutes directions.
Elle s’applique à la manutention des conteneurs de la série 1 de longueur égale ou supérieure à 6 m possédant
les caractéristiques dimensionnelles et de fixation prévues par les normes ISO 668 et ISO 3874.
1.2 Pour les besoins de la présente norme, on appelle chariot de manutention automoteur à conducteur assis
à portée variable (dénommé par la suite «chariot») tout chariot élévateur en porte-à-faux comportant un ou des bras
articulés (télescopique ou non) non orientable tel que défini au 4.13.2.2.2 de la norme ISO 5053:1987
pour manutentionner des charges. Les moyens de manutention de la charge peuvent être montés, soit directement
sur les moyens de levage, soit sur un mât auxiliaire fixé à l'extrémité des moyens de levage. Les dispositifs de levage
devront être fixés ou avoir un débattement latéral ne dépassant pas 5° de part et d'autre de l'axe longitudinal
du chariot (voir Figure 1).
Varnost vozil za talni transport - Samognana vozila z mehanizmom za dviganje s spremenljivim dosegom (vključno z dopolnili do A3)
Ta standard se uporablja za samognana vozila z mehanizmom za dviganje s spremenljivim dosegom s sedežem za voznika, ki upravlja vozilo, namenjena za rokovanje z vsemi vrstami tovora z uporabo enega od priključkov, navedenih v točkah 3.10 – 3.11 – 3.13 – 3.14 – 3.15 – 3.16 – 3.19 – 3.20. Ne zajema dvigovanja oseb s katerimi koli priključki, zlasti delovnimi ploščadmi. V tem standardu niso zajeti stroji z elementi spremenljive dolžine za dvig tovora (verige, vrvi itd.), na katerih lahko tovor prosto niha v vse smeri. Uporablja se za rokovanje z zabojniki serije 1 dolžine ≥ 6 metrov z dimenzijskimi in varnostnimi značilnostmi, ki so določene v standardih ISO 668 in ISO 3874. Za namen tega standarda se izraz »samognana vozila z mehanizmom za dviganje s spremenljivim dosegom s sedežem za voznika, ki upravlja vozilo« (v nadaljnjem besedilu: »vozila«) nanaša na viličarje s protiutežjo z eno ali več členjenimi rokami, teleskopskimi ali ne, brez možnosti vrtenja okoli osi, ki so določeni v točki 4.13.2.2.2 standarda ISO 5053:1987, ki se uporablja za skladanje tovora. Orodje za rokovanje s tovorom je lahko nameščeno neposredno na orodju za dvigovanje ali na pomožnem drogu, pritrjenem na konec orodja za dvigovanje. Orodje za dvigovanje ne sme imeti možnosti vrtenja ali se lahko vrti za največ 5° okoli vzdolžne osi vozila. Ta standard zajema dve vrsti vozil s spremenljivim dosegom: vozila z mehanizmom za dviganje s spremenljivim dosegom za delo na precej trdnih, gladkih, ravnih in pripravljenih površinah; težka terenska vozila za delo na neizboljšanem naravnem in motenem terenu ali območjih. Vozila so lahko opremljena z vilicami za običajne industrijske naloge ali priključke za specifično uporabo, na primer rokovanje z zabojniki. Vozila so lahko opremljena s stabilizatorji, napravami za blokiranje osi ali bočno izenačevanje.
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Sicherheit von Flurförderzeugen - Kraftbetriebene Stapler mit veränderlicher ReichweiteSécurité des chariots de manutention - Chariots automoteurs à portée variableSafety of industrial trucks - Self-propelled variable reach trucks53.060Industrijski tovornjakiIndustrial trucksICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 1459:1998+A3:2012SIST EN 1459:1999+A3:2012en,fr,de01-julij-2012SIST EN 1459:1999+A3:2012SLOVENSKI
STANDARDSIST EN 1459:1999+A2:20101DGRPHãþD
SIST EN 1459:1999+A3:2012
EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPÉENNE EUROPÄISCHE NORM
EN 1459:1998+A3
February 2012 ICS 53.060 Supersedes EN 1459:1998+A2:2010 English Version
Safety of industrial trucks - Self-propelled variable reach trucks Sécurité des chariots de manutention - Chariots automoteurs à portée variable
Sicherheit von Flurförderzeugen - Kraftbetriebene Stapler mit veränderlicher Reichweite This European Standard was approved by CEN on 27 November 1998 and includes Corrigendum 1 issued by CEN on 27 September 2006, Amendment 1 approved by CEN on 27 July 2006, Amendment 2 approved by CEN on 19 October 2009 and Amendment 3 approved by CEN on 3 December 2011.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre:
Avenue Marnix 17,
B-1000 Brussels © 2012 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 1459:1998+A3:2012: ESIST EN 1459:1999+A3:2012
EN 1459:1998+A3:2012 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword .3Introduction .51Scope .52Normative references .63Definitions - terminology .84Hazards . 115Requirements and/or safety measures. 156Verification of requirements and safety measures . 307Information for use . 32Annex A (normative)
Industrial variable reach truck - Stability tests . 38Annex B (normative)
Variable reach rough terrain trucks - Stability tests . 43Annex C (normative)
Variable reach trucks handling containers of length ≥ 6m, 20 feet-Additional stability tests . 48Annex D (normative)
Trucks operating with offset load - offset by powered devices . 55Annex E (normative)
Trucks operating with offset load - offset determined by the utilisation . 59Annex F ˜(informative)™
Definitions of load handling operations . 63Annex G (normative)
Procedure for testing steering wheel kick back . 70Annex ZA (informative)
####Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 98/37/EC$$$$ . 74Annex ZB (informative)
####Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 2006/42/EC$$$$ . 75####Bibliography$$$$ . 76 SIST EN 1459:1999+A3:2012
EN 1459:1998+A3:2012 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN 1459:1998+A3:2012) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 150 "Industrial Trucks - Safety", the secretariat of which is held by BSI. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by August 2012, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by February 2013. NOTE
Acknowledging that, at the time of publication, the requirements included in this amendment do not represent the state of the art, a transition period of 12 months is permitted after the date of publication, such that manufacturers can develop their products sufficiently to meet the requirements of this amendment. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This European Standard was approved by CEN on 27 November 1998 and includes Corrigendum 1 issued by CEN on 27 September 2006, Amendment 1 approved by CEN on 27 July 2006, Amendment 2 approved by CEN on 19 October 2009 and Amendment 3 approved by CEN on 2011-12-03. This document supersedes %EN 1459:1998+A2:2010&. The start and finish of text introduced or altered by amendment is indicated in the text by tags
!", # $ and %&. The modifications of the related CEN Corrigendum have been implemented at the appropriate places in the text and are indicated by the tags ˜ ™. This European Standard has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s). #For relationship with EU Directive(s), see informative Annexes ZA and ZB, which are integral parts of this document.$ This European Standard is one of a series of European Standards for the safety of Industrial trucks. The complete series is as follows: EN 1726
Safety of Industrial trucks Self propelled trucks up to and including 10,000 kg capacity and tractors with a drawbar pull up to and including 20,000 N. EN 1726-1
Part 1: General requirements EN 1726-2 Part 2: Additional requirements for trucks with elevating operator positions and trucks specifically designed to travel with elevated loads. EN 1551
Safety of Industrial trucks Self propelled trucks over 10,000 kg capacity EN 1459
Safety of Industrial trucks Self propelled variable reach trucks EN 1757
Safety of Industrial trucks Pedestrian propelled trucks SIST EN 1459:1999+A3:2012
EN 1459:1998+A3:2012 (E) 4 EN 1757-1
Part 1: Stacker trucks EN 1757-2
Part 2: Pallet trucks EN 1757-3
Part 3: Platform trucks EN 1757-4
Part 4: Scissor lift pallet trucks EN 1525
Safety of Industrial trucks Driverless trucks and their systems EN 1175
Safety of Industrial trucks Electrical requirements
EN 1175-1
Part 1: General requirements for battery powered trucks EN 1175-2
Part 2: General requirements for internal combustion engine powered trucks EN 1175-3 Part 3: Specific requirements for the electrical power transmission systems of internal combustion engine powered trucks EN 1526
Safety of Industrial trucks Additional requirements for automated functions on trucks EN 1755
Safety of Industrial trucks Operation in potentially explosive atmospheres: use in flammable gas, vapour mist and dust EN 12053
Safety of Industrial trucks Test methods for measuring noise emissions EN 13564
Safety of Industrial trucks Test methods for measuring visibility from self propelled trucks EN 13059
Safety of Industrial trucks Test methods for measuring vibration EN 12895
Safety of Industrial trucks Electromagnetic compatibility According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom.
SIST EN 1459:1999+A3:2012
EN 1459:1998+A3:2012 (E) 5 Introduction !This document is a type C standard as stated in EN ISO 12100-1. The machinery concerned and the extent to which hazards, hazardous situations and events are covered are indicated in the scope of this document. When provisions of this type C standard are different from those which are stated in type A or B standards, the provisions of this type C standard take precedence over the provisions of the other standards, for machines that have been designed and built according to the provisions of this type C standard." 1 Scope 1.1 This standard applies to self-propelled seated rider operated variable reach trucks intended to handle loads of all kinds using one of the attachments listed in 3.10 - 3.11 - 3.13 - 3.14 - 3.15 - 3.16 - 3.19 - 3.20. It does not cover the lifting of persons by any attachments, in particular by work platforms. Machines with variable length load suspension elements (chains, ropes etc) from which the load may swing freely in all directions are not covered in this standard. It applies to the handling of series 1 freight containers of length ≥ 6 metres with the dimensional and securing characteristics as specified in ISO 668 and ISO 3874. 1.2 For the purpose of this standard, self-propelled seated rider operated variable reach trucks (hereinafter referred to as “trucks”) are counterbalanced lift trucks with one or more articulated arms, telescopic or not, non-slewing, as defined in 4.13.2.2.2 of ISO 5053:1987 used for stacking loads. The load handling means may be mounted directly on the lifting means or on an auxiliary mast fixed at the end of the lifting means. Lifting means shall be non-slewing or have slewing movement not greater than 5° either side of the longitudinal axis of the truck (see figure 1).
1. Vertical Pivoting axis Figure 1
SIST EN 1459:1999+A3:2012
EN 1459:1998+A3:2012 (E) 6 1.3 Two types of variable reach trucks are covered in this standard: industrial trucks for operation on substantially firm smooth, level and prepared surfaces; rough terrain trucks for operation on unimproved natural terrain and disturbed terrain or areas. 1.4 Trucks may be equipped with fork arms for normal industrial duties, or attachments for specific applications such as handling freight containers. Trucks may be equipped with stabilisers, axle locking or lateral levelling devices. 1.5 This standard covers all specific hazards which could occur during operation and maintenance of trucks. For hazards occurring during construction, transportation, commissioning, decommissioning and disposal, reference should be made to EN 292-2. 1.6 Unless otherwise specified by the manufacturer, the trucks are designed to operate in a temperature range of -20°C to + 50°C. The manufacturer shall specify in his instructions for use the precautions to be taken when using the trucks at extreme temperatures. 2 Normative references This European standard incorporates, by dated or undated reference, provisions from other publications. These normative references are cited at appropriate places in the text and the publications are listed hereafter. For dated references, subsequent amendments to, or revisions of, any of these publications apply to this European Standard only when incorporated in it by amendment or revision. For undated references the latest edition of the publication referred to applies. EN 281:1988, Construction and layout of pedals of self-propelled industrial trucks sit down rider controlled !deleted text" prEN 12937:1997, Safety of machinery — Basic concepts, general principles for design — Part 3: Additional technical principles and specifications for mobility and for load lifting EN 349:1993, Safety of machinery — Minimum gaps to avoid crushing of parts of the human body EN 414:1992, Safety of machinery — Rules for drafting and presentation of safety standards %EN 954-1:1996 Safety of machinery — Safety-related parts of control systems — Part 1: General principles for design& EN 1175, Safety of Industrial trucks — Electrical requirements EN 1175-1:1998, General requirements for battery powered trucks EN 1175-2:1998, General requirements for internal combustion engine powered trucks EN 1175-3:1998, Specific requirements for the electrical power transmission systems of internal combustion engine powered trucks prEN 12053, Safety of Industrial trucks — Test methods for measuring noise emissions prEN 13059, Safety of Industrial trucks — Test methods for measuring vibration SIST EN 1459:1999+A3:2012
EN 1459:1998+A3:2012 (E) 7 %EN 15000:2008, Safety of industrial trucks — Self propelled variable reach trucks — Specification, performance and test requirements for longitudinal load moment indicators and longitudinal load moment limiters& #prEN 15830, Rough terrain variable reach trucks — Visibility — Test methods and verification EN ISO 5353, Earth moving machinery, and tractors and machinery for agriculture and forestry — Seat index point (ISO 5353:1995)$ !EN ISO 6683, Earth-moving machinery — Seat belts and seat belt anchorages — Performance requirements and tests (ISO 6683:2005) EN ISO 12100-1:2003, Safety of machinery — Basic concepts, general principles for design — Part 1: Basic terminology, methodology (ISO 12100-1:2003) EN ISO 12100-2:2003, Safety of machinery — Basic concepts, general principles for design — Part 2: Technical principles (ISO 12100-2:2003)" #deleted text$ !deleted text" %EN ISO 13849-1 Safety of machinery — Safety-related parts of control systems — Part 1: General principles for design (ISO 13849-1) EN ISO 13849-2; Safety of machinery — Safety-related parts of control systems — Part 2: Validation
(ISO 13849-2)& ISO 2330:1995, Fork lift trucks — Fork arms — Technical characteristics and testing ISO 2867:1994, Earth moving machinery — Access systems ISO 3164:1992, Earth-moving machinery, roll over and falling object protective structure — Specification for the deflection limiting volume ISO/DIS 3287, Powered industrial trucks — Control systems ISO 3449:1992, Earth moving machinery — Falling object laboratory tests and performance requirements ISO 3471:1994, Earth moving machinery — Roll over protective structures — Test and performances requirements !deleted text" ISO 3795:1989, Road vehicles, and tractors and machinery for agriculture and forestry — Determination of burning behaviour of interior materials ISO 5053:1987, Powered industrial trucks — Terminology ISO 6055:1997, High lift rider trucks — Overhead guards — Specifications and testing ISO 6292:1996, Powered industrial trucks and tractors — Brake performance and component strength ISO/DIS 13284:1997, Fork lift trucks — Fork arm extensions and telescopic fork arms — Technical specifications and strength requirements ISO 9533:1989, Earth moving machinery — Machine mounted forward and reverse audible warning alarm — Sound test method SIST EN 1459:1999+A3:2012
EN 1459:1998+A3:2012 (E) 8 ISO 668:1995, Series 1 freight containers — Classification, dimensions and ratings ISO/DIS 3874, Series 1 freight containers — Handling and securing !ISO 11112, Earth moving machinery — Operator’s seat — Dimensions and requirements" 3 Definitions - terminology Definitions of the main truck components are in accordance with ISO 5053:1987. For the purposes of this standard, the following further definitions apply. 3.1 rated capacity of truck load “Q” in kg, permitted by the manufacturer, that the truck type is capable of transporting or lifting in normal operation under specific conditions. It shall be equal to the maximum load “Q” with centre of gravity at point “G” (see figure 2) which the truck is designed to carry on fork arms at the standard load centre distance “D” as specified in 3.3 and stack at the standard lift height “H” as specified in 3.2. “G” is the load centre of gravity positioned in the longitudinal plane that passes through the central point between the front wheels
Figure 2 — Parameters for the designation of the rated capacity of the truck 3.2 standard lift height height “H” from the ground to the upper face of the fork blades or to the underside of the load. The standard heights are as follows: H = 3,3 m for trucks with capacities of 10 000 kg or less H = 5,0 m for trucks with capacities of 10 000 kg 3.3 standard load centre distance distance “D” in mm from the centre of gravity “G” of the load measured horizontally to the front face of the fork shanks and vertically to the upper face of the fork blades as specified in table 1. SIST EN 1459:1999+A3:2012
EN 1459:1998+A3:2012 (E) 9 Table 1
Rated Standard load centre distance D (in mm) load Q (in Kg) 400 500 600 900 1200 1500
<
1 000 X + +
≥
1 000 <
5 000
X +
≥
5 000 ≤ 10 000
X
> 10 000 < 20 000
X X X
≥ 20 000 < 25 000
X X
≥ 25 000
X X NOTE The standard load centre distances D are designated by X.
The load centre distances designated by + are optional.
Trucks may be rated for special applications with load centres related to those applications. 3.4 nominal reach (d) between two vertical parallel planes, one plane is tangent to the front of the outside diameter of the front tyres. The other plane is tangent to the curve described by ‘g’ moving from position ‘H’ to its lowest position. Point ‘g’ is the vertical projection of the centre of gravity ‘G’ onto the plane of the top surface of the fork arm blades 3.5 actual capacity of truck maximum load in kg (depending on lift height “H”, attachment, load centre distance and maximum reach), permitted by the manufacturer, taking into account the stability test results, which the truck is capable of transporting or lifting under specific conditions 3.6 rated capacity of removable attachments maximum load in kg that the attachment is permitted by its manufacturer to handle in normal operation under specified conditions 3.7 axle locking mechanism designed to stop oscillation of the rear axle for improving truck stability during stacking and destacking operations 3.8 stabiliser extendible mechanical supports used to improve stability of a stationary truck 3.9 lateral levelling changing the angular relationship between the chassis and the load axle normally in order to adjust the chassis to horizontal when the truck is standing on a side slope and to ensure the boom operates in a vertical plane 3.10 forks a device including two or more solid fork arms (hook-mounted or shaft mounted) which is fitted on the carriage and usually spread manually 3.11 fork extensions devices fitted over the forks to increase their length SIST EN 1459:1999+A3:2012
EN 1459:1998+A3:2012 (E) 10 3.12 boom a device including a fixed length and articulated or telescopic parts 3.13 spreader a device fitted to the boom and designed to engage with the lifting points of freight containers, swap bodies and semi-trailers. It may have powered devices to connect the lifting points of the load and an articulated mechanism to facilitate engagement 3.14 side grabs a device comprising two plates clamping uniform loads (boxes, cartons, barrels, blocks etc) horizontally 3.15 wood grab a device comprising a curved pressing fork arm specially designed for handling logs or round timber 3.16 bucket a device intended to carry bulk products such as sand, gravel, coal etc 3.17 overhead guard a device protecting the operator’s position against falling objects 3.18 load backrest a device fitted to the back of the fork arm carriage to prevent any part of the load from falling onto the operator’s position 3.19 load stabiliser a device clamping the load vertically and stabilizing it to prevent it from falling particularly when the truck is travelling over poor terrain 3.20 load push pull a device enabling the load to be slid forward or backwards on the fork arms 3.21 normal operator’s position a position in which the operator shall be capable of controlling all the operating and load handling functions. Other positions may prove necessary if it is not possible to control all the functions of the truck from a single position 3.22 forward travel forward direction of travel occurs when the load handling means is leading the travel motion of the truck. 3.23 front and rear ends of truck the front end of a truck is that which leads the forward direction of travel described in 3.22. The rear end of a truck is that which trails 3.24 quick fastening device a structure fitted at the end of the lifting boom to grip and lock interchangeable attachments without the use of a tool SIST EN 1459:1999+A3:2012
EN 1459:1998+A3:2012 (E) 11 3.25 auxiliary mast mast at the end of the telescopic boom intended to reach greater lifting heights 4 Hazards The following hazards from annex A of EN 414:1992 are applicable in the situations described and could involve risks to persons if not reduced or eliminated. The corresponding requirements are designed to limit the risk or reduce these hazards in each situation. Hazards Corresponding requirements
4.1 Mechanical hazards
4.1.1 Crushing, shearing or entanglement
4.1.1.1 With truck lifting mechanism 5.6.5 Protection at operator position 4.1.1.2 Within attachment mechanism 5.6.5 Protection on attachment 4.1.1.3 Between truck and obstacles 5.6.1 Operator position : dimensions 4.1.1.4 Between truck and road wheels 5.6.3 Protection from road wheels 4.1.1.5 Within engine compartment 5.4.4 Lockable engine access 4.1.2 Impact by collision
4.1.2.1 When truck is being driven 5.2 Service brakes
5.3.1 Travel controls
5.3.2 Steering controls
5.4.5 Pressure vessel design
5.8.3 Audible warnings
5.5.7.6 Visibility through attachment
5.9 Visibility through operator position
5.10.1.5 Visibility through cab windows
4.1.2.2 When truck is unattended 5.1.2.1 Parking brake 4.1.2.3 Due to mechanical failure 5.2 Brake control system 4.1.3 Impact from falling objects
4.1.3.1 Due to mechanical failure 5.5.1 Lift chains and wire ropes
6 Structural type test
4.1.3.2 Due to unintended load carrier
5.3.3 Load handling control
movement 5.5.2 Lift system leakage
5.5.3.3 Non-return device
4.1.3.3 Due to failure or unintended movement
5.5.4 Fork arms
of fork arms or extensions 5.5.5 Fork extensions
4.1.3.4 Due to unintended movement of load
5.5.5 Fork extensions : retention
handling means 5.5.6 Fork carrier stops
5.5.7.1 Attachment : retention
5.5.7.3 Attachment : fastening device
SIST EN 1459:1999+A3:2012
EN 1459:1998+A3:2012 (E) 12
Hazards Corresponding requirements
4.1.3.5 Due to unstable or insecure loads 5.5.7.2 Load clamping device
5.5.7.7 Spreader twistlock interlock
5.5.8 Load stability
5.8.1 Overhead guard
5.8.2 Protective structure
5.10.1.1/2/3 Cab structure
4.1.3.6 When lifting or transporting the truck 5.10.2 Protection during transport 4.1.4 High pressure hazard
4.1.4.1 Due to hydraulic hose failure 5.5.3.1 Hose burst pressure 4.1.4.2 Due to excessive hydraulic pressure 5.5.3.2 Pressure relief valve
4.1.5 Material ejection from road wheels 5.6.3 Protection from road wheels 4.1.6 Slip, trip, fall
4.1.6.1 During access to operator position 5.6.2 Operator access 4.2 Electrical hazards from contact 5.4.6 Electrical requirements 4.3 Thermal hazards for the operator 5.6.4 Protection from burning
5.10.1.1 Protection from cab heater 4.4 Noise hazards
4.4.1 Hearing loss for the operator 5.10.3.1 Operator noise limitation 4.4.2 Interference with communication 5.10.3.1 Environmental noise limitation 4.5 Vibration hazards 5.6.1 Seat
5.10.3.2 Vibration 4.6 Hazards generated by radiation
Not applicable 4.7 Hazards due to substances
4.7.1 Inhalation of engine exhaust emission 5.4.1 Exhaust port arrangement
4.7.2 Fire or explosion
4.7.2.1 From engine fuel systems 5.4.3 Fuel tanks
5.4.5 LPG requirements 4.7.2.2 From battery electrolyte 5.4.6 Electro technical requirements 4.7.2.3 In hazardous atmospheres 7.1 Instructions for use 4.8 Hazards due to neglect of ergonomic principles
4.8.1 Unhealthy postures 3.21 Definition of normal driving position:
5.6.1 Seat adjustment
5.8.1 Overhead guard : Headroom
5.8.2 Protective structure : Headroom
5.10.1.2 Cab headroom 4.8.2 Inadequate local lighting 5.9.2 Truck lighting 4.8.3 Stress due to operator discomfort 5.4.2 Engine cooling : Air flow
5.10.1.4 Cab : ventilation 4.8.4 Human error
4.8.4.1 During truck operation 5.3 Controls
Annex F Symbols 4.8.4.2 Prior to initial use 6.2 Functional test
7.1 Instruction handbook 4.9 Hazard combinations
SIST EN 1459:1999+A3:2012
EN 1459:1998+A3:2012 (E) 13
Hazards Corresponding requirements
4.10 Hazards due to functional disorders
4.10.1 Hydraulic failure causing load to drop 5.5.3.3 Truck hydraulic system
4.10.2 Control disorder causing uncontrollable movement 5.5.7.4/5 Attachment hydraulic system 4.10.3 Unexpected start-up
4.10.3.1 When truck is unattended 5.1.2.1 Parking brake 4.10.3.2 Due to unauthorised use 5.1.1 Key switch 4.10.3.3 Due to unintended traction 5.1.2.2 Neutral start switch
5.1.2.3/4 Direction and accelerator control
5.1.2.5 Seat or pedal switches 4.10.4 Overturn of truck 5.4.6 Electro technical requirements 4.10.4.1 During truck operation 5.6.6 Safety belt
5.7 Stability tests
5.8.2 Protective structure
5.8.4 Longitudinal stability indicator
5.10.1.6 Cabs : emergency exit 4.10.4.2 When load handling 5.3.4 Other controls
5.5.2 Load lowering speed
7.2.2 Capacity plate 4.10.4.3 When truck is unattended 5.5.2 Hydraulic tilt leakage
4.10.5 Failure of control response 5.5.3.1 Hydraulic burst pressure 4.11 Hazards due to missing or incorrectly positioned safety means
Hazards due to mobility The whole of article 5 4.12 Inadequate lighting of moving/work area 5.9.2 Auxiliary lights 4.13 Hazards due to sudden movement, 5.1 Start up and travel
instability etc. during handling 5.2 Brakes
5.7 Stability - annexes A to E
5.8.1 Overhead guard - ROPS - FOPS
5.10 Environment condition
5.2 ˜6.2 Functionality Structural test™
7.1 Instruction handbook 4.14 Inadequate/in ergonomic design of 5.3 Controls
driving position 5.10 Environmental conditions
4.14.1 Hazards due to dangerous 5.4.5.3 Equipment
environments (contact with moving 5.6.3 Protection from road wheels
parts, exhaust gases etc.) 5.6.4 Protection from burning
5,6.5 Protection of the operator against crushing, 4.14.2 Inadequate visibility from drivers/
shearing and trapping
operators position 5.9 Visibility ˜deleted text™
4.14.3 Inadequate seat/seating (seat index 5.61 Seat
point)
SIST EN 1459:1999+A3:2012
EN 1459:1998+A3:2012 (E) 14
Hazards Corresponding requirements
4.14.4 Inadequate ergonomic/design/ 5.1 Start up and travel
positioning of controls 5.3 Controls
4.14.5 -starting/moving of self propelled 5.1.2 Protection against unintended movement
machinery 5.1.2.5 Transmission isolation
4.14.6 - road traffic of self propelled
Not covered in this standard
machinery
4.14.7 - movement of pedestrian controlled
Not applicable
machinery
4.15 Mechanical hazards
4.15.1 Hazards to exposed persons due to 5.1 Start up and travel
uncontrolled movement
4.15.2 Hazards due to break-up and/or
5.5.3.1 Hydraulic circuit
ejection of parts 5.5.3.3 Failure of energy supply or hydraulic circuit
4.15.3 Hazards due to rolling over (deflection limiting volume; DLV) 5.8.2 Protection against falling objects and overturning
4.15.4 Hazards due to falling objects (DLV) 5.5.7 Load handling attachment
5.8.1 Overhead guard
5.10.1 Operators cab
5.10.2 Protection during transporting, loading and
unloading
7.1 Instruction handbook
4.15.5 Inadequate means of access 5.6.2 Operator access
4.15.6 Hazards caused due to towing,
7.1 Instruction handbook
coupling, connecting, transmission etc.
4.15.7 Hazards due to batteries, fire,
5.1.2.4 Battery powered trucks
emissions etc. 5.4.1/5.4.2Exhaust and cooling systems
5.4.3 Fuel tanks
5.4.5.1 Containers
5.4.5.2 LPG piping
7.1 Instruction handbook Hazards due to lifting Whole clause 5 4.16.1 Lack of stability 5.7 Stability
7.1 Instruction handbook
Annexes A to E 4.16.2 Derailment of machinery
4.16.3 Loss of mechanical strength of
5.5.1.1 Chains
machinery and lifting accessories 5.5.1.2 Ropes
5.5.2 Hydraulic lifting system
6.1.1 Static loading
SIST EN 1459:1999+A3:2012
EN 1459:1998+A3:2012 (E) 15
Hazards Corresponding requirements
4.16.4 Hazards caused by uncontrolled 5.1 Start up and trav
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