SIST EN 16009:2011
(Main)Flameless explosion venting devices
Flameless explosion venting devices
Flameless explosion venting devices are used to prevent flames of vented explosions from extending beyond the device. The reduction of the venting efficiency of this device compared to "usual" explosion venting devices is limited when designed correctly.
The standard is specifying the basic requirements for the design and application of flameless explosion venting devices. The standard is specifying methods for assessing the efficacy of these devices.
The standard will only consider explosions of flammable dust-air mixtures.
Einrichtungen zur flammenlosen Explosionsdruckentlastung
Diese Europäische Norm legt die Anforderungen an Einrichtungen zur flammenlosen Explosionsdruck-entlastung fest, die zum Schutz von Gehäusen gegen die Hauptauswirkungen von internen Explosionen verwendet werden, die durch schnelle Verbrennung von in den Gehäusen enthaltenem dispergierten Staub, Dampf oder Gas entstehen. Sie enthält die Anforderungen an die Konstruktion, Inspektion, Prüfung, Kennzeichnung, Dokumentation und Verpackung. Diese Norm gilt für Einrichtungen zur flammenlosen Explosionsdruckentlastung, die als selbständige Schutzsysteme auf den Markt gebracht werden.
Einrichtungen zur Explosionsdruckentlastung sind Schutzsysteme, die eine druckempfindliche Membran enthalten, die als Teil der geschützten Konstruktion an dieser befestigt ist. Sie sind ausgelegt, um im Falle einer Explosion bei einem vorbestimmten Druck auszulösen, damit sich sofort eine ausreichend große Druckentlastungsfläche öffnet und sichergestellt ist, dass der bei einer Explosion im Inneren des Gehäuses erreichte Höchstdruck nicht den vorgesehenen Auslegungsdruck der Konstruktion überschreitet.
Einrichtungen zur flammenlosen Explosionsdruckentlastung bestehen gewöhnlich aus einer Einrichtung zur Explosionsdruckentlastung in Verbindung mit einem Flammenlöschelement, mit der ein Flammendurchtritt in die Umgebung verhindert wird. Sie werden zur Ermöglichung der Explosionsdruckentlastung in Situationen angewendet, in denen ansonsten die sich bei der Druckentlastung ergebenden Gefährdungen durch Flammen und Druck zur Verletzung von Arbeitskräften oder Beschädigung der Konstruktion führen würden. Die Anwendung und Festlegung von Schutzsystemen zur Druckentlastung von Staubexplosionen ist in EN 14491 und die von Schutzsystemen zur Druckentlastung von Gasexplosionen in EN 14494 dargelegt.
Dispositifs de décharge d'explosion sans flamme
La présente Norme européenne spécifie les exigences relatives aux dispositifs de décharge d'explosion sans flamme utilisés pour protéger des enceintes contre les principaux effets des explosions internes dues à la combustion rapide des poussières en suspension, des vapeurs ou des gaz qu'elles contiennent. Elle inclut les exigences relatives à la conception, à l'inspection, aux essais, au marquage, à la documentation et à l'emballage. La présente norme spécifie les dispositifs de décharge d'explosion sans flamme commercialisés en tant systèmes de protection autonomes.
Les dispositifs de décharge d'explosion sont des systèmes de protection constitués d'une membrane sensible à la pression fixée et intégrée à la structure qu'elle protège. Ils sont conçus pour s'ouvrir en cas d'explosion à une pression prédéterminée afin de libérer immédiatement une surface d'évent suffisante pour s'assurer que la pression maximale atteinte par l'explosion à l'intérieur de l'enceinte n'excède pas la pression maximale pouvant être supportée par la structure.
Les dispositifs de décharge d'explosion sans flamme sont généralement constitués d'un dispositif de décharge d'explosion associé à un élément d'extinction de flammes afin d'éviter la propagation des flammes dans l'environnement. Ils sont utilisés pour permettre la décharge d'explosion dans les situations où, sinon, les phénomènes dangereux engendrés par les flammes et la pression résultant de la décharge pourraient blesser le personnel ou endommager les structures. L'application et la spécification des dispositifs de décharge d'explosion sont décrites dans l'EN 14491 pour la protection contre les explosions de poussières et dans l'EN 14994 pour la protection contre les explosions de gaz. Il est nécessaire d'évaluer attentivement l'utilisation de dispositifs de décharge d'explosion sans flamme pour des applications autres que celles décrites dans l'EN 14491 ou l'EN 14994.
Neplamenske naprave za razbremenitev tlaka eksplozij
Neplamenske naprave za razbremenitev tlaka se uporabljajo za preprečevanje širjenja plamenov prek naprave pri razbremenitvi tlaka eksplozij. Zmanjševanje učinkovitosti te naprave za razbremenitev tlaka v primerjavi z »običajnimi« je omejeno, če je pravilno načrtovana.
Ta standard določa osnovne zahteve za načrtovanje in uporabo neplamenskih naprav za razbremenitev tlaka eksplozij. Ta standard določa metode za ocenjevanje učinkovitosti teh naprav.
Ta standard obravnava le eksplozije vnetljivih mešanic prahu in zraka.
General Information
Standards Content (Sample)
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Neplamenske naprave za razbremenitev tlaka eksplozijEinrichtungen zur flammenlosen ExplosionsdruckentlastungDispositifs de décharge d'explosion sans flammeFlameless explosion venting devices13.230Varstvo pred eksplozijoExplosion protectionICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 16009:2011SIST EN 16009:2011en,fr,de01-oktober-2011SIST EN 16009:2011SLOVENSKI
STANDARD
SIST EN 16009:2011
EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPÉENNE EUROPÄISCHE NORM
EN 16009
July 2011 ICS 13.230 English Version
Flameless explosion venting devices
Dispositifs de décharge d'explosion sans flamme
Einrichtungen zur flammenlosen Explosionsdruckentlastung This European Standard was approved by CEN on 11 June 2011.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre:
Avenue Marnix 17,
B-1000 Brussels © 2011 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 16009:2011: ESIST EN 16009:2011
EN 16009:2011 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword .31 Scope .42 Normative references .43 Terms and definitions .44 Requirements .54.1 General requirements .54.2 Flameless explosion venting system design .65 Types of flameless explosion venting devices .66 Testing of flameless explosion venting devices .76.1 General .76.2 Dust and gas characteristics .86.2.1 Dust for functional testing .86.2.2 Gases for functional testing .86.3 Functional testing .86.3.1 General .86.3.2 Volume of test vessel and Vmax, FV .86.3.3 Venting device and pstat .96.3.4 Explosion testing for mechanical integrity .96.3.5 Explosion testing for flame transmission .96.3.6 Venting efficiency of flameless explosion venting devices .96.4 External effects .96.5 Test report . 107 Information for use . 118 Marking . 129 Packaging . 12Annex A (informative)
Examples/types of flameless explosion venting devices . 13A.1 General . 13A.2 Ribbon type flame quenching element . 13A.3 Parallel plate type flame quenching element . 14A.4 Mesh or gauze type flame quenching element . 14A.5 Ceramic type flame quenching element . 14Annex B (informative)
Flameless venting example . 16Annex C (informative)
Flameless venting criteria . 17C.1 Nature of combustible dust, heat of combustion, flame temperature . 17C.2 Effect of flame quenching device blockage . 18Annex D (informative)
Flameless venting - Pressurization of the surrounding volume . 20Annex ZA (informative)
Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 94/9/EC . 21Bibliography . 22 SIST EN 16009:2011
EN 16009:2011 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN 16009:2011) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 305 “Potentially explosive atmospheres - Explosion prevention and protection”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by January 2012, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by January 2012. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s). For relationship with EU Directive(s), see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this document. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. SIST EN 16009:2011
EN 16009:2011 (E) 4 1 Scope This European Standard specifies the requirements for flameless explosion venting devices used to protect enclosures against the major effects of internal explosions arising from the rapid burning of suspended dust, vapour or gas contained within. It includes the requirements for the design, inspection, testing, marking, documentation, and packaging. This standard is applicable to flameless explosion venting devices which are put on the market as autonomous protective systems. Explosion venting devices are protective systems comprised of a pressure sensitive membrane fixed to, and forming part of, the structure that it protects. They are designed to intervene in the event of an explosion at a predetermined pressure, to immediately open a vent area sufficient to ensure that the maximum pressure attained by an explosion within the enclosure does not exceed the maximum pressure the structure is designed to withstand. Flameless explosion venting devices typically consist of an explosion venting device in combination with a flame quenching element to avoid the transmission of flames into the surroundings. They are used to allow explosion venting in situations where otherwise the hazards of flames and pressure resulting from the venting would harm personnel or damage structures. The application and specification of explosion venting devices is outlined for dust explosion protection in EN 14491 and for gas explosion protection in EN 14994. This European Standard covers the flameless explosion venting of dust, vapour and gas explosions. This European Standard does not cover details for the avoidance of ignition sources from detection devices or other parts of the flameless explosion venting devices. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 13237, Potentially explosive atmospheres — Terms and definitions for equipment and protective systems intended for use in potentially explosive atmospheres EN 14491, Dust explosion venting protective systems EN 14797:2006, Explosion venting devices EN 14994, Gas explosion venting protective systems EN ISO 16852:2010, Flame arresters — Performance requirements, test methods and limits for use
(ISO 16852:2008, including Cor 1:2008 and Cor 2:2009) EN ISO/IEC 17025, General requirements for the competence of testing and calibration laboratories
(ISO/IEC 17025:2005) 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN 13237, EN 14491, EN 14994, EN 14797 and the following apply. SIST EN 16009:2011
EN 16009:2011 (E) 5 3.1 flameless explosion venting explosion venting protective measure which will in addition prevent the transmission of flames and reduce the external explosion effects NOTE Examples of external explosion effects are; temperature, pressure and dust/combustion products. 3.2 flameless explosion venting device device which protects a vessel or other closed volume by flameless explosion venting 3.3 flame quenching element part of the flameless explosion venting device that prevents flame transmission and reduces the external explosion effects Table 1 — Symbols and their descriptions Symbol Description Units Vmax, FV largest volume that can be protected by one single flameless venting device m3 pred, V the highest reduced explosion pressure for venting only bar pred, FV the highest reduced explosion pressure for flameless venting bar
4 Requirements 4.1 General requirements Flameless explosion venting devices consist of an explosion venting device and a flame quenching element as a minimum. Flame quenching elements shall be suitable for the intended use (e.g. temperature range, mechanical strength, fuel type). Explosion venting devices shall be designed according to EN 14797. Material used for the parts of explosion venting devices shall be selected on the basis of their suitability with regard to the chemical and physical conditions to which they will be subjected in service. Dust leaking from the process into the flame quenching element can impair the efficiency of the venting, which shall be avoided. The performance capability of a flameless explosion venting device can be influenced by e.g.: a) the fuel characteristics (gas, vapour, dust): 1) minimum ignition temperature (MIT), minimum ignition energy (MIE) (dusts); 2) maximum experimental safe gap (MESG) (gases, vapours); 3) the maximum KG or KSt-values specified by the manufacturer; 4) the heat of combustion liberated during the explosion event; 5) flame temperature; 6) particle size and distribution, shape (dusts); SIST EN 16009:2011
EN 16009:2011 (E) 6 7) melting characteristics (dusts); NOTE 1 During the venting process, burnt, unburnt dust or explosion products can partially block the flame quenching element, which can lead to reduced venting efficiency. Specific testing to determine this effect can be necessary. b) the maximum reduced explosion overpressure pred, max specified by the manufacturer; c) the venting efficiency Ef of the combination flame quenching element and venting device; d) volume and L/D ratio. Flameless explosion venting devices shall be designed to maintain their specified performance taking into account environmental, process and product conditions. All parts of the flame quenching element shall resist the expected mechanical, thermal and chemical loads of the intended use. During or after the venting process, deformations of the flameless explosion venting device may occur. This shall not lead to gaps in the housing that could lead to flame transmission into the surrounding. The flame quenching capability of the device shall be demonstrated by tests according to 6.3.5. It is mandatory to use detection devices sensing venting device function. The user shall use the signal to bring the plant process to a safe status when the flameless venting device operates. Gaskets or seals forming part of an explosion venting device shall be compatible with the chemical, thermal, mechanical and environmental demands of the application. NOTE 2 Due consideration should be given to the external effects with particular attention to the risk of a secondary explosion external to the flameless venting device. For more information, see 6.4. NOTE 3 Due consideration should be given to equipment related sources of ignition in the design and material specification of flameless explosion venting devices; e.g. static electricity, heating and detection devices. Requirements for equipment-related sources of ignition in electrical and non-electrical equipment should apply as specified in EN 1127-1. 4.2 Flameless explosion venting system design Flameless explosion venting system shall be sized according to EN 14491 or EN 14994 taking into account the efficiency as determined in Clause 6. Unique to the use of flameless venting devices is that the effective vent area will be adversely impacted by flow resistance and possible blockage. The use of flameless explosion venting devices for applications other than described in EN 14491 or EN 14994 shall be carefully evaluated and where appropriate their suitability shall be confirmed by tests. The maximum volume to be protected by a single flameless explosion venting device shall be limited to the volume of the test vessel the device was tested on during type testing, see also Clause 6. If a single flameless explosion venting device is not sufficient to protect a volume due to this limitation, multiple flameless explosion venting devices of the same type and the same dimension shall be used. If the volume to be protected is n times Vmax, FV, at least n devices shall be used, for a calculated example see Annex B. The protected volume shall be maximum 4 times Vmax, FV. NOTE For more information on the maximum volume to be protected, see 6.3.2. 5 Types of flameless explosion venting devices Flameless explosion venting devices consist of an explosion venting device in combination with a flame quenching element and, where fitted, an integrated particle retention element (for dusts). The explosion venting device can be of various types, outlined in EN 14797. Examples of flame quenching elements are SIST EN 16009:2011
EN 16009:2011 (E) 7 ribbon type, parallel plate, mesh or gauze, ceramic. NOTE Examples of different types are included in Annex A. 6 Testing of flameless explosion venting devices 6.1 General The manufacturer shall specify the intended use and the devices to be tested: process conditions; range of nominal sizes of the device; pstat of the explosion venting device; maximum intended volume to be protected; maximum intended volume to be protected by one single device; pred, max; dust and/or gas characteristics; any limitations with respect to orientation; type and construction of the device (e.g. material specification, physical dimensions) and other parameters relevant for production quality control. Flameless explosion venting devices shall be subject to type testing for a given dust (see 6.2.1), gas/vapour or mixture thereof to determine a) external effects; b) mechanical integrity; c) venting efficiency; d) static activation pressure of the venting device according to EN 14797; e) flame quenching; f) ignition hazards introduced by the device, before and during the venting process; g) functional safety of the detection device to sense vent function; NOTE The functional safety of a detection device to sense vent function is not considered to be part of this standard, for further information see e.g. EN 15233, EN 61508-series, EN 62061 and EN ISO 13849-1. h) volume limitations (single device, multiple devices); i) the effect of any cover or insulation. SIST EN 16009:2011
EN 16009:2011 (E) 8 The flameless explosion venting devices shall be mounted on the test vessel either directly or by means of an appropriate adapter. The vent area of the explosion venting device shall not be larger than the vent opening in the test vessel. The device shall be mounted in the recommended orientation advised by the manufacturer. This shall be in the worst-case orientation in which the device is allowed to be used. 6.2 Dust and gas characteristics 6.2.1 Dust for functional testing Flame transmission can be affected by MIE, MIT, pmax and KSt of the dust. Flame quenching can be assumed for dusts having MIE, MIT values higher than the test dust and pmax and KSt values lower than the test dust. Flame transmission tests will also provide information on the venting efficiency of the flameless explosion venting device. Venting efficiency of the flameless explosion venting device can be adversely affected by blockage of the flame quenching element due to coarse dust, fibrous dust, melting dust, other characteristics which can lead to blockage, overheating as a result of high combustion temperatures or the extended exposure of the flame quenching device. To extend the intended use beyond the test dust, comparative tests shall be performed in a volume of choice. To confirm the applicability of flameless venting for a metal dust, the device shall be tested with that specific dust in a volume and at a pred which are representative for the application. 6.2.2 Gases for functional testing Gases for functional testing shall represent the intended use with respect to MESG and explosion group (IIA1, IIA, IIB1, IIB2, IIB3, IIB, IIC). See EN ISO 16852:2010, Table 2. 6.3 Functional testing 6.3.1 General The tests shall be carried out in accordance with EN 14797. Additional requirements result from the following subclauses. 6.3.2 Volume of test vessel and Vmax, FV The test vessel size shall limit the volume on which a single flameless venting device can be used. For intermediate sizes that are not tested (see EN 14797), the largest volume that can be protected is given by: SIST EN 16009:2011
EN 16009:2011 (E) 9 12AAVV×=1 FV, max,2 FV, max, (1) where A1 is the vent area of the tested size; A2 is the vent area of the non tested size of identical design than the tested device with A2 < A1; Vmax, FV, 1 is the largest volume that can be protected by one device with vent area A1 (from testing); Vmax, FV, 2 is the largest volume that can be protected by a non tested size with vent area A2. 6.3.3 Venting device and pstat The venting device which is an integral part of the flameless explosion venting device or explosion venting devices approved for use in combination with the flame quenching device element shall be listed and tested for static activation pressure according to EN 14797. For re-usable devices the static activation pressure shall be retested after each explosion test. In addition the leak tightness of the explosion venting device shall be verified. 6.3.4 Explosion testing for mechanical integrity The mechanical integrity of the flameless explosion venting device, including items such as covers, shall be assessed by explosion tests according to EN 14797. 6.3.5 Explosion testing for flame transmission All tests shall be optically recorded. In order to
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