SIST EN 301 178-1 V1.1.2:2003

• Abstract:

  Editorial revision to include changes consequentto publishing EN 301 178-2

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 30-Nov-2003
• ICS: 33.060.99 - Other equipment for radiocommunications
• ICS: 33.100.01 - Electromagnetic compatibility in general
• ICS: 47.020.70 - Navigation and control equipment
• Technical Committee: SS EIT - Technical Board for the electrotechnical, information technology and telecommunications fields
• Current Stage: 6060 - National Implementation/Publication (Adopted Project)
• Start Date: 01-Dec-2003
• Due Date: 01-Dec-2003
• Completion Date: 01-Dec-2003
• Ref Project: ETSI EN 301 178-1 V1.1.2 (2000-08) - ElectroMagnetic Compatibility and Radio Spectrum Matters (ERM); Portable Very High Frequency (VHF) radiotelephone equipment for the maritime mobile service operating in the VHF bands (for non-GMDSS applications only); Part 1: Technical characteristics and methods of measurement

SIST EN 301 178-1 V1.1.2:2003 is the Slovenian adoption of an ETSI European Standard for portable Very High Frequency (VHF) radiotelephones used in the maritime mobile service, for non-GMDSS applications only. It specifies the minimum technical characteristics and the methods of measurement for equipment operating in the 156 MHz to 174 MHz bands, so it is the document to use when checking design, test results, and declared performance. The standard focuses on construction, controls, safety, transmitter and receiver behavior, and the test methods used to verify them.

What does SIST EN 301 178-1 V1.1.2:2003 specify?

SIST EN 301 178-1 V1.1.2:2003 specifies the technical characteristics and measurement methods for portable maritime VHF radiotelephones that are not part of the Global Maritime Distress and Safety System (GMDSS). It is organized as a general front matter section, clauses 1 to 9, and two normative annexes for measurement support and radiated tests.

Annex	What it covers
Annex A	Measuring receiver requirements for adjacent channel power measurement
Annex B	Test sites and arrangements for radiated measurements

The main clauses cover scope and references, definitions and abbreviations, general and operational requirements, technical requirements, measurement conditions, environmental tests, transmitter tests, and receiver tests. In practice, this means the standard tells a manufacturer or test lab both what the equipment has to do and how to measure it.

What are the key requirements of SIST EN 301 178-1 V1.1.2:2003?

Construction, controls, and marking

Clause 4 requires equipment construction to follow good engineering practice and to be suitable for use onboard ships. It also requires accessible parts for inspection, clear component identification, technical documentation, and clear labelling.

The user interface has to support simple maritime operation: the set needs channel selection, channel identification, on/off indication, push-to-talk control, output power reduction where needed, volume, squelch, and a transmit indicator. Clause 4 also limits user access to controls that could damage technical performance, which matters because field use should not let an operator accidentally break compliance.

Channel use and operating restrictions

Clause 4 requires operation on the Appendix 18 channels, with manual control for single-frequency and two-frequency simplex use. It also requires channel blocking arrangements for extra channels, and it prevents use of channel 70 for anything other than Digital Selective Calling (DSC).

This is important because the radio has to match maritime channel planning and prevent accidental use of restricted functions. The same clause also prevents transmission while the frequency synthesizer is out of lock or during channel switching.

Safety features and equipment marking

Clause 4 requires protection against overcurrent, overvoltage, reverse polarity, antenna open-circuit or short-circuit during transmit, and static charge buildup at the antenna terminal. It also requires volatile memory to survive short supply interruptions.

The marking requirements include the manufacturer, type designation, serial number, the warning text “Not intended for distress and safety purposes”, and the compass safe distance. For buyers and inspectors, that tells them the unit is a non-GMDSS set and that installation data must be visible on the equipment.

Transmitter performance

Clause 5 sets the basic radio behavior: G3E phase modulation, 25 kHz channel spacing, and a frequency deviation of ±5 kHz for 100% modulation as nearly as practicable. Clause 5 also gives switching-time limits for changing channels and for switching between transmit and receive.

Clauses 8.1 to 8.11 then check key transmitter characteristics such as frequency error, carrier power, adjacent channel power, spurious emissions, residual modulation, and transient frequency behavior. For example, the standard limits carrier power, constrains frequency deviation, and requires adjacent channel power and spurious output to stay low enough to avoid interfering with other maritime users.

Receiver performance and environmental robustness

Clause 9 covers receiver audio output, audio response, maximum usable sensitivity, rejection of co-channel and adjacent-channel signals, spurious response rejection, blocking, conducted and radiated spurious emissions, noise and hum, squelch operation, and squelch hysteresis. The practical effect is that the receiver must remain usable in real maritime interference conditions and must mute properly when no wanted signal is present.

Clause 7 adds environmental tests, including a drop test, dry heat, damp heat, and low-temperature cycling, each followed by a performance check. That matters because portable shipboard equipment is expected to survive handling and climate exposure without losing basic radio performance.

What terms does SIST EN 301 178-1 V1.1.2:2003 define?

• Integral antenna - An antenna permanently fixed to the equipment and not detachable by the user.
• Detachable antenna - An antenna connected by an antenna connector and removable by the user.
• G3E - Phase modulation, described here as frequency modulation with 6 dB/octave pre-emphasis for speech.
• Modulation index - The ratio between frequency deviation and modulation frequency.
• Performance check - A check of transmitter carrier power and frequency, and receiver sensitivity.
• Global Maritime Distress and Safety System (GMDSS) - The maritime distress and safety system that this standard excludes.
• Digital Selective Calling (DSC) - The calling function associated with channel 70 use.
• Signal+Noise+Distortion/(Noise+Distortion) (SINAD) - The receiver quality ratio used in sensitivity and selectivity tests.

Who uses SIST EN 301 178-1 V1.1.2:2003?

Manufacturers use SIST EN 301 178-1 V1.1.2:2003 to design and document portable maritime VHF radios. Test laboratories use it to set up transmitter, receiver, environmental, and radiated measurements.

It is also used by conformity assessment teams, quality managers, marine equipment buyers, and regulatory specialists who need to check whether a radio is intended for non-GMDSS maritime service and whether its declared performance matches the test methods in the standard.

What changed in SIST EN 301 178-1 V1.1.2:2003 from the previous edition?

SIST EN 301 178-1 V1.1.2:2003 is an editorial revision made to include changes consequent to publishing EN 301 178-2.

Which standards are used with SIST EN 301 178-1 V1.1.2:2003?

Reference	What it contributes
Radio Regulations, Appendix 18	Channel plan and transmitting frequencies for maritime mobile service in the 156 MHz to 174 MHz band
ITU-T Recommendation E.161	Arrangement of digits, letters, and symbols on telephone-style keypads
ITU-R Recommendation M.493-9	Digital Selective Calling for maritime use
ITU-R Recommendation M.541-8	Operational procedures for Digital Selective Calling equipment
ETSI ETS 300 225	Reference portable VHF radiotelephone apparatus for survival craft
ITU-T Recommendation P.53	Psophometer and psophometric weighting used in audio and SINAD measurements
ITU-R Recommendation SM.332-4	Receiver selectivity and adjacent channel power measurement background
ETSI ETR 028	Measurement uncertainty guidance for mobile radio equipment
EN 301 178-2	Companion part mentioned in the foreword

What does the SIST EN 301 178-1 V1.1.2:2003 document contain?

• Detailed measurement conditions for RF connections, artificial antenna use, test modulation, test channels, and uncertainty reporting.
• Environmental test procedures for drop, dry heat, damp heat, and low-temperature cycle testing.
• Transmitter test methods for frequency error, carrier power, deviation, audio response, distortion, adjacent channel power, spurious emissions, residual modulation, and transient behavior.
• Receiver test methods for audio output, sensitivity, selectivity, blocking, spurious responses, noise and hum, and squelch behavior.
• Normative annexes that define the adjacent-channel power measuring receiver and the radiated test sites, including outdoor, indoor, and anechoic arrangements.

2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.ElectroMagnetic Compatibility and Radio Spectrum Matters (ERM); Portable Very High Frequency (VHF) radiotelephone equipment for the maritime mobile service operating in the VHF bands (for non-GMDSS applications only); Part 1: Technical characteristics and methods of measurement47.020.70Navigacijska in krmilna opremaNavigation and control equipment33.100.01Elektromagnetna združljivost na splošnoElectromagnetic compatibility in general33.060.99Druga oprema za radijske komunikacijeOther equipment for radiocommunicationsICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 301 178-1 Version 1.1.2SIST EN 301 178-1 V1.1.2:2003en01-december-2003SIST EN 301 178-1 V1.1.2:2003SLOVENSKI
STANDARD
ETSIEN301178-1V1.1.2(2000-08)EuropeanStandard(Telecommunicationsseries)ElectromagneticcompatibilityandRadiospectrumMatters(ERM);PortableVeryHighFrequency(VHF)radiotelephoneequipmentforthemaritimemobileserviceoperatingintheVHFbands(fornon-GMDSSapplicationsonly);Part1:TechnicalcharacteristicsandmethodsofmeasurementSIST EN 301 178-1 V1.1.2:2003

ETSIETSIEN301178-1V1.1.2(2000-08)2ReferenceREN/ERM-RP01-040-1Keywordsmaritime,radioETSI650RoutedesLuciolesF-06921SophiaAntipolisCedex-FRANCETel.:[phone]Fax:[phone]SiretN°34862356200017-NAF742CAssociationàbutnonlucratifenregistréeàlaSous-PréfecturedeGrasse(06)N°7803/88ImportantnoticeIndividualcopiesofthepresentdocumentcanbedownloadedfrom:http://www.etsi.orgThepresentdocumentmaybemadeavailableinmorethanoneelectronicversionorinprint.Inanycaseofexistingorperceiveddifferenceincontentsbetweensuchversions,thereferenceversionisthePortableDocumentFormat(PDF).Incaseofdispute,thereferenceshallbetheprintingonETSIprintersofthePDFversionkeptonaspecificnetworkdrivewithinETSISecretariat.Usersofthepresentdocumentshouldbeawarethatthedocumentmaybesubjecttorevisionorchangeofstatus.InformationonthecurrentstatusofthisandotherETSIdocumentsisavailableathttp://www.etsi.org/tb/status/Ifyoufinderrorsinthepresentdocument,sendyourcommentto:[e-mail]opartmaybereproducedexceptasauthorizedbywrittenpermission.Thecopyrightandtheforegoingrestrictionextendtoreproductioninallmedia.©EuropeanTelecommunicationsStandardsInstitute2000.Allrightsreserved.SIST EN 301 178-1 V1.1.2:2003

ETSIETSIEN301178-1V1.1.2(2000-08)3ContentsIntellectualPropertyRights.7Foreword.71Scope.82References.83Definitions,symbolsandabbreviations.93.1Definitions.93.2Symbols.93.3Abbreviations.94Generalandoperationalrequirements.94.1Construction.94.2Controlsandindicators.104.3Microphoneandloudspeaker.114.4Safetyprecautions.114.5Labelling.115Technicalrequirements.115.1Switchingtime.115.2Classofemissionandmodulationcharacteristics.116Generalconditionsofmeasurement.126.1ArrangementsforRFconnectionstotheequipment.126.1.1RFconnectionstointegralantennaequipment.126.1.2RFconnectiontoequipmentwithadetachableantenna.126.2Arrangementsfortestsignalsappliedtothereceiverinput.126.3Squelch.126.4Normaltestmodulation.126.5Artificialantenna.126.6Arrangementsfortestsignalsappliedtothetransmitterinput.126.7Testchannels.126.8Measurementuncertaintyandinterpretationofthemeasuredresults.136.8.1Measurementuncertainty.136.8.2Interpretationofthemeasurementresults.136.9Testconditions,powersourcesandambienttemperatures.136.9.1Normalandextremetestconditions.136.9.2Testpowersource.146.10Normaltestconditions.146.10.1Normaltemperatureandhumidity.146.10.2Normalpowersources.146.10.2.1Batterypowersource.146.10.2.2Otherpowersources.146.11Extremetestconditions.146.11.1Extremetemperatures.146.11.2Extremevaluesoftestpowersources.156.11.2.1Batterypowersource.156.11.2.2Otherpowersources.156.12Procedurefortestsatextremetemperatures.157Environmentaltests.157.1Procedure.157.2Performancecheck.157.3Droptest.157.3.1Definition.157.3.2Methodofmeasurement.167.3.3Requirement.167.4Temperaturetests.16SIST EN 301 178-1 V1.1.2:2003

ETSIETSIEN301178-1V1.1.2(2000-08)47.4.1Definition.167.4.2Dryheat.167.4.2.1Definition.167.4.2.2Methodofmeasurement.167.4.2.3Requirement.167.4.3Dampheat.167.4.3.1Definition.167.4.3.2Methodofmeasurement.177.4.3.3Requirement.177.4.4Lowtemperaturecycle.177.4.4.1Definition.177.4.4.2Methodofmeasurement.177.4.4.3Requirement.178Transmitter.178.1Frequencyerror.178.1.1Definition.178.1.2Methodofmeasurement.188.1.3Limits.188.2Carrierpower.188.2.1Definitions.188.2.2Methodofmeasurement.188.2.3Limits,Normalandextremetestconditions.188.3Frequencydeviation.188.3.1Definition.188.3.2Maximumpermissiblefrequencydeviation.188.3.2.1Methodofmeasurement.188.3.2.2Limits.198.3.3Reductionoffrequencydeviationatmodulationfrequenciesabove3kHz.198.3.3.1Methodofmeasurement.198.3.3.2Limits.198.4Sensitivityofthemodulator,includingmicrophone.208.4.1Definition.208.4.2Methodofmeasurement.208.4.3Limits.208.5Audiofrequencyresponse.208.5.1Definition.208.5.2Methodofmeasurement.208.5.3Limit.208.6Audiofrequencyharmonicdistortionoftheemission.218.6.1Definition.218.6.2Methodofmeasurement.218.6.2.1Normaltestconditions.218.6.2.2Extremetestconditions.228.6.3Limits.228.7Adjacentchannelpower.228.7.1Definition.228.7.2Methodofmeasurement.228.7.3Limits.228.8Conductedspuriousemissionsconveyedtotheantenna.238.8.1Definition.238.8.2Methodofmeasurement.238.8.3Limit.238.9Cabinetradiationandconductedspuriousemissionsotherthanthoseconveyedtotheantenna.238.9.1Definitions.238.9.2Methodofmeasurement.238.9.3Limits.248.10Residualmodulationofthetransmitter.248.10.1Definition.248.10.2Methodofmeasurement.258.10.3Limit.25SIST EN 301 178-1 V1.1.2:2003

ETSIETSIEN301178-1V1.1.2(2000-08)58.11Transientfrequencybehaviourofthetransmitter.258.11.1Definitions.258.11.2Methodofmeasurement.268.11.3Limits.279Receiver.299.1Harmonicdistortionandratedaudiofrequencyoutputpower.299.1.1Definition.299.1.2Methodsofmeasurement.299.1.3Limits.299.2Audiofrequencyresponse.299.2.1Definition.299.2.2Methodofmeasurement.299.2.3Limits.309.3Maximumusablesensitivity.319.3.1Definition.319.3.2Methodofmeasurement.319.3.3Limits.319.4Co-channelrejection.319.4.1Definition.319.4.2Methodofmeasurement.319.4.3Limit.329.5Adjacentchannelselectivity.329.5.1Definition.329.5.2Methodofmeasurement.329.5.3Limits.329.6Spuriousresponserejection.329.6.1Definition.329.6.2Methodofmeasurement.329.6.3Limit.339.7Intermodulationresponse.339.7.1Definition.339.7.2Methodofmeasurement.339.7.3Limit.339.8Blockingordesensitization.339.8.1Definition.339.8.2Methodofmeasurement.349.8.3Limit.349.9Conductedspuriousemissions.349.9.1Definition.349.9.2Methodofmeasurement.349.9.3Limit.349.10Radiatedspuriousemissions.349.10.1Definition.349.10.2Methodofmeasurements.359.10.3Limit.359.11Receivernoiseandhumlevel.369.11.1Definition.369.11.2Methodofmeasurement.369.11.3Limit.369.12Squelchoperation.369.12.1Definition.369.12.2Methodofmeasurement.369.12.3Limits.379.13Squelchhysteresis.379.13.1Definition.379.13.2Methodofmeasurement.379.13.3Limit.37SIST EN 301 178-1 V1.1.2:2003

ETSIETSIEN301178-1V1.1.2(2000-08)6AnnexA(normative):Measuringreceiverforadjacentchannelpowermeasurement.38A.1Powermeasuringreceiverspecification.38A.1.1IFfilter.38A.1.2Attenuationindicator.39A.1.3Rmsvalueindicator.39A.1.4Oscillatorandamplifier.39AnnexB(normative):Radiatedmeasurements.40B.1Testsitesandgeneralarrangementsformeasurementsinvolvingtheuseofradiatedfields.40B.1.1Outdoortestsite.40B.1.2Testantenna.40B.1.3Substitutionantenna.41B.1.4Optionaladditionalindoorsite.41B.2Guidanceontheuseofradiationtestsites.42B.2.1Measuringdistance.42B.2.2Testantenna.42B.2.3Substitutionantenna.42B.2.4Artificialantenna.43B.2.5Auxiliarycables.43B.2.6Acousticmeasuringarrangement.43B.3Furtheroptionalalternativeindoortestsiteusingananechoicchamber.43B.3.1Exampleoftheconstructionofashieldedanechoicchamber.44B.3.2Influenceofparasiticreflectionsinanechoicchambers.44B.3.3Calibrationoftheshieldedanechoicchamber.45History.47SIST EN 301 178-1 V1.1.2:2003

ETSIETSIEN301178-1V1.1.2(2000-08)7IntellectualPropertyRightsIPRsessentialorpotentiallyessentialtothepresentdocumentmayhavebeendeclaredtoETSI.TheinformationpertainingtotheseessentialIPRs,ifany,ispubliclyavailableforETSImembersandnon-members,andcanbefoundinETSISR000314:"IntellectualPropertyRights(IPRs);Essential,orpotentiallyEssential,IPRsnotifiedtoETSIinrespectofETSIstandards",whichisavailablefromtheETSISecretariat.LatestupdatesareavailableontheETSIWebserver(http://www.etsi.org/ipr).PursuanttotheETSIIPRPolicy,noinvestigation,includingIPRsearches,hasbeencarriedoutbyETSI.NoguaranteecanbegivenastotheexistenceofotherIPRsnotreferencedinETSISR000314(ortheupdatesontheETSIWebserver)whichare,ormaybe,ormaybecome,essentialtothepresentdocument.ForewordThisEuropeanStandard(Telecommunicationsseries)hasbeenproducedbyETSITechnicalCommitteeElectromagneticcompatibilityandRadiospectrumMatters(ERM).Thepresentdocumentispart1ofamulti-partENcoveringtheElectromagneticcompatibilityandRadiospectrumMatters(ERM);PortableVeryHighFrequency(VHF)radiotelephoneequipmentforthemaritimemobileserviceoperatingintheVHFbands(fornon-GMDSSapplicationsonly),asidentifiedbelow:Part1:"Technicalcharacteristicsandmethodsofmeasurement";Part2:"HarmonizedENunderarticle3.2oftheR&TTEDirective".NationaltranspositiondatesDateoflatestannouncementofthisEN(doa):31October2000DateoflatestpublicationofnewNationalStandardorendorsementofthisEN(dop/e):30April2001DateofwithdrawalofanyconflictingNationalStandard(dow):30April2001SIST EN 301 178-1 V1.1.2:2003

ETSIETSIEN301178-1V1.1.2(2000-08)81ScopeThepresentdocumentstatestheminimumtechnicalcharacteristicsandmethodsofmeasurementrequiredforportableVeryHighFrequency(VHF)radiotelephonesnotprovidingmaritimedistressandsafetycommunicationsfunctions(i.e.notformingpartoftheGlobalMaritimeDistressandSafetySystem(GMDSS))operatinginthebandsbetween156MHzand174MHzallocatedtothemaritimemobileservicesbytheRadioRegulations,Appendix18[1].Thepresentdocumentalsospecifiestechnicalcharacteristics,methodsofmeasurementandrequiredtestresults.2ReferencesThefollowingdocumentscontainprovisionswhich,throughreferenceinthistext,constituteprovisionsofthepresentdocument.• Referencesareeitherspecific(identifiedbydateofpublication,editionnumber,versionnumber,etc.)ornon-specific.• Foraspecificreference,subsequentrevisionsdonotapply.• Foranon-specificreference,thelatestversionapplies.• Anon-specificreferencetoanETSshallalsobetakentorefertolaterversionspublishedasanENwiththesamenumber.[1]RadioRegulations,Appendix18(1990):"TableofTransmittingFrequenciesintheBand156-174MHzforStationsintheMaritimeMobileService".[2]ITU-TRecommendationE.161(1993):"Arrangementofdigits,lettersandsymbolsontelephonesandotherdevicesthatcanbeusedforgainingaccesstoatelephonenetwork".[3]ITU-RRecommendationM.493-9(1997):"Digitalselective-callingsystemforuseinthemaritimemobileservice".[4]ITU-RRecommendationM.541-8(1997):"Operationalproceduresfortheuseofdigitalselective-callingequipmentinthemaritimemobileservice".[5]ETSIETS300225:"RadioEquipmentandSystems(RES);TechnicalcharacteristicsandmethodsofmeasurementforsurvivalcraftportableVHFradiotelephoneapparatus".[6]ITU-TRecommendationP.53(1994):"Psophometerforuseontelephone-typecircuits".[7]ITU-RRecommendationSM332-4:"Selectivityofreceivers".[8]ETSIETR028:"RadioEquipmentandSystems(RES);Uncertaintiesinthemeasurementofmobileradioequipmentcharacteristics".SIST EN 301 178-1 V1.1.2:2003

ETSIETSIEN301178-1V1.1.2(2000-08)93Definitions,symbolsandabbreviations3.1DefinitionsForthepurposesofthepresentdocument,thefollowingtermsanddefinitionsapply:integralantenna:antennathatispermanentlyfixedtotheequipmentandnotdetachablebytheuser.detachableantenna:antennafixedtotheequipmentbymeansofanantennaconnectoranddetachablebytheuser.G3E:phase-modulation(frequencymodulationwithapre-emphasisof6dB/octave)forspeech.modulationindex:ratiobetweenthefrequencydeviationandthemodulationfrequency.performancecheck:checkof:-thetransmittercarrierpowerandfrequency;and-receiversensitivity.3.2SymbolsForthepurposesofthepresentdocument,thefollowingsymbolsapply:dBARelativeto2x10-5PaemfElectromotiveforce3.3AbbreviationsForthepurposesofthepresentdocument,thefollowingabbreviationsapply:DSCDigitalSelectiveCallingEUTEquipmentUnderTestGMDSSGlobalMaritimeDistressandSafetySystemrmsrootmeansquareSINAD(Signal+Noise+Distortion)/(Noise+Distortion)VHFVeryHighFrequency4Generalandoperationalrequirements4.1ConstructionThemanufacturershalldeclarethatcompliancetotherequirementsofclause4isachievedandshallproviderelevantdocumentation.Themechanicalandelectricalconstructionandfinishoftheequipmentshallconforminallrespectstogoodengineeringpractice,andtheequipmentshallbesuitableforuseonboardships.Allcontrolsshallbeofsufficientsizetoenabletheusualcontrolfunctionstobeeasilyperformedandthenumberofcontrolsshouldbetheminimumnecessaryforsimpleandsatisfactoryoperation.Allpartsoftheequipmenttobecheckedduringinspectionormaintenanceoperationsshallbereadilyaccessible.Thecomponentsshallbereadilyidentifiable.Technicaldocumentationshallbesuppliedwiththeequipment.SIST EN 301 178-1 V1.1.2:2003

ETSIETSIEN301178-1V1.1.2(2000-08)10TheVHFmaritimemobileserviceusesbothsingle-frequencyandtwo-frequencychannels.Fortwo-frequencychannelsthereshallbeaseparationof4,6MHzbetweenthetransmittingfrequencyandthereceivingfrequency(seeRadioRegulationsAppendix18[1]).Theequipment,whichcanconsistofmorethanoneunit,shallbecapableofoperatingonsinglefrequencyandtwo-frequencychannelswithmanualcontrol(simplex).TheequipmentshallbeofacolourwhichdistinguishesitfromtheportableVHFequipmentspecifiedinETS300225[5].TheequipmentshallbeabletooperateonallchannelsdefinedinRadioRegulations,Appendix18[1].Operationonchannels75and76shallberestrictedtoamaximumtransmittedpowerof1W.AdditionalVHFchannelsoutsidethosedefinedbyRadioRegulations,Appendix18[1]mayalsobeprovided,butmeansshallbeprovidedtoblockanychannel,includingAppendix18channels.Itshallnotbepossiblefortheusertounblockorblockanychannels.Scanormultiplewatchmaybeprovidedbutmeansshallbeprovidedtoblockorunblockthesefunctions.Iftheequipmentisfittedwithanauxiliaryantennaconnector,simultaneousconnectionofboththeauxiliaryantennaandthenormalantennashallbeprevented.Theequipmentshallbesodesignedthatuseofchannel70forpurposesotherthanDigitalSelectiveCalling(DSC)isprevented(seeITU-RRecommendationM.493-9[3]andITU-RRecommendationM.541–8[4]).Itshallnotbepossibletotransmitwhileanyfrequencysynthesizerusedwithinthetransmitterisoutoflock.Itshallnotbepossibletotransmitduringchannelswitchingoperations.4.2ControlsandindicatorsTheequipmentshallhaveachannelselectorandshallindicatethedesignator,asshowninRadioRegulations,Appendix18[1],ofthechannelatwhichtheequipmentisset.Thechanneldesignatorshallbelegibleirrespectiveoftheexternallightingconditions.Whereaninputpanelontheequipmentforenteringthedigits0to9isprovided,thisshallconformtoITU-TRecommendationE.161[2].Theequipmentshallhavethefollowingadditionalcontrolsandindicators:-on/offswitchfortheequipmentwithavisualindicationthattheequipmentisinoperation;-amanual,non-lockingpushtotalkswitchtooperatethetransmitter;-aswitchforreducingtransmitteroutputpowertonomorethan1WwheretheRFoutputpowerismorethan1watt;-anaudiofrequencypowervolumecontrol;-asquelchcontrol;-avisualindicationthatthetransmitterisactivated.Theequipmentshallalsomeetthefollowingrequirements:-theusershallnothaveaccesstoanycontrolwhich,ifwronglyset,mightimpairthetechnicalcharacteristicsoftheequipment.SIST EN 301 178-1 V1.1.2:2003

ETSIETSIEN301178-1V1.1.2(2000-08)114.3MicrophoneandloudspeakerTheequipmentshallbefittedwithanintegralmicrophoneandanintegralloudspeaker.Duringtransmissionthereceiveroutputshallbemuted.4.4SafetyprecautionsMeasuresshallbetakentoprotecttheequipmentagainsttheeffectsofovercurrentorovervoltage.Measuresshallbetakentopreventdamagetotheequipmentthatmightarisefromanaccidentalreversalofpolarityoftheelectricalpowersource.Nodamagetotheequipmentshalloccurwhentheantennaterminalsareplacedonopencircuitorshortcircuitwhiletransmittingforaperiodofatleast5minutesineachcase.Inordertoprovideprotectionagainstdamageduetothebuildupofstaticvoltagesattheantennaterminals,thereshallbeadcpathfromtheantennaterminalstochassisnotexceeding100kΩ.Theinformationinanyvolatilememorydeviceshallbeprotectedfrominterruptionsinthepowersupplyofupto60sduration.4.5LabellingAllcontrols,instruments,indicatorsandterminalsshallbeclearlylabelled.Detailsofanyexternalpowersupplyfromwhichtheequipmentisintendedtooperateshallbeclearlyindicatedontheequipment.Theequipmentshallbeclearlyandindeliblymarkedontheexteriorwiththeidentificationofthemanufacturer,typedesignationoftheequipment,theserialnumberoftheunitandthetext:"Notintendedfordistressandsafetypurposes".Thecompasssafedistanceshallbestatedontheequipment.5Technicalrequirements5.1SwitchingtimeThechannelswitchingarrangementshallbesuchthatthetimenecessarytochangeoverfromusingoneofthechannelstousinganyotherchanneldoesnotexceed5s.Thetimenecessarytochangeoverfromtransmissiontoreceptionorviceversa,shallnotexceed0,3s.5.2ClassofemissionandmodulationcharacteristicsTheequipmentshallusephasemodulation,G3E(frequencymodulationwithapre-emphasisof6dB/octave)forspeech.Theequipmentshallbedesignedtooperatesatisfactorilywithachannelseparationof25kHz.Thefrequencydeviationcorrespondingto100%modulationshallbe±5kHzasnearlyaspracticable.SIST EN 301 178-1 V1.1.2:2003

ETSIETSIEN301178-1V1.1.2(2000-08)126Generalconditionsofmeasurement6.1ArrangementsforRFconnectionstotheequipment6.1.1RFconnectionstointegralantennaequipmentForequipmentwithoutanantennaconnector,themanufacturershallpreparetheequipmentwithatemporary50ohmconnectortobeusedastheRFinput/outputport.6.1.2RFconnectiontoequipmentwithadetachableantennaEquipmenthavinganantennaconnectorshallbetestedusingtheantennaconnectorastheRFinput/outputport.Inthecasewhereequipmenthasmorethanoneantennaconnector,theconnectornormallyusedtoconnecttheportableantennatotheequipmentshallbeused.6.2ArrangementsfortestsignalsappliedtothereceiverinputTestsignalsourcesshallbeconnectedtothereceiverinputinsuchawaythattheimpedancepresentedtothereceiverinputis50Ω,irrespectiveofwhetheroneormoretestsignalsareappliedtothereceiversimultaneously.Thelevelsofthetestsignalsshallbeexpressedintermsoftheemfattheterminalstobeconnectedtothereceiver.Thenominalfrequencyofthereceiveristhecarrierfrequencyoftheselectedchannel.6.3SquelchUnlessotherwisespecified,thereceiversquelchfacilityshallbemadeinoperativeforthedurationoftheconformancetests.6.4NormaltestmodulationFornormaltestmodulation,themodulationfrequencyshallbe1kHzandthefrequencydeviationshallbe±3kHz.6.5ArtificialantennaWhentestsarecarriedoutwithanartificialantenna,thisshallbeanon-reactive,non-radiating50Ωload.6.6ArrangementsfortestsignalsappliedtothetransmitterinputForthepurposeofthepresentdocument,theaudiofrequencymodulatingsignalappliedtothetransmittershallbeproducedbyasignalgeneratorappliedtotheconnectionterminalsreplacingthemicrophonetransducer.6.7TestchannelsTestsshallbemadeonchannel16unlessotherwisestated.SIST EN 301 178-1 V1.1.2:2003

ETSIETSIEN301178-1V1.1.2(2000-08)136.8Measurementuncertaintyandinterpretationofthemeasuredresults6.8.1MeasurementuncertaintyTable1:Absolutemeasurementuncertainties:maximumvaluesParameterMaximumuncertaintyRFfrequency±1x10-7RFpower±0,75dBMaximumfrequencydeviation:-within300Hzto6kHzofmodulationfrequency-within6kHzto25kHzofmodulationfrequency±5%±3dBDeviationlimitation±5%Adjacentchannelpower±5dBConductedspuriousemissionoftransmitter±4dBAudiooutputpower±0,5dBAmplitudecharacteristicsofreceiverlimiter±1,5dBSensitivityat20dBSINAD±3dBConductedemissionofreceiver±3dBTwo-signalmeasurement±4dBThree-signalmeasurement±3dBRadiatedemissionoftransmitter±6dBRadiatedemissionofreceiver±6dBTransmittertransienttime±20%Transmittertransientfrequency±250HzReceiverdesensitization(duplexoperation)±0,5dB6.8.2InterpretationofthemeasurementresultsTheinterpretationoftheresultsrecordedinatestreportforthemeasurementsdescribedinthepresentdocumentshallbeasfollows:-themeasuredvaluerelatedtothecorrespondinglimitwillbeusedtodecidewhetheranequipmentmeetstherequirementsofthepresentdocument;-thevalueofthemeasurementuncertaintyforthemeasurementofeachparametershallbeincludedinthetestreport;-therecordedvalueofthemeasurementuncertaintyshallbe,foreachmeasurement,equaltoorlowerthanthefiguresintable1.Forthetestmethods,accordingtothepresentdocument,themeasurementuncertaintyfiguresshallbecalculatedinaccordancewithETR028[8]andshallcorrespondtoanexpansionfactor(coveragefactor)k=1,96ork=2(whichprovideconfidencelevelsofrespectively95%and95,45%inthecase
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