SIST EN 12158-1:2002+A1:2010
(Main)Builders' hoists for goods - Part 1: Hoists with accessible platforms
Builders' hoists for goods - Part 1: Hoists with accessible platforms
This standard deals with power operated temporarily installed builders hoists (referred to as “hoists“ in this standard) intended for use by persons who are permitted to enter sites of engineering and construction, serving landing levels, having a load carrying device: - designed for the transportation of goods only; - guided; - travelling vertically or along a path within 15 degrees max. of the vertical; - supported or sustained by drum driven wire rope, chain, rack and pinion, hydraulic jack (direct or indirect), or an expanding linkage mechanism; - where masts, when erected, may or may not require support from separate structures; - which permits the access of instructed persons during loading and unloading; - which are driven by appointed persons; - which permits, if necessary, during erection, dismantling, maintenance and inspection, the access and travel by persons who are competent and authorised. The standard identifies hazards as listed in clause 4 which arise during the various phases in the life of such equipment and describes methods for the elimination or reduction of these hazards when used as intended by the manufacturer. This standard deals with the hoist installation. It includes the base frame and base enclosure but excludes the design of any concrete, hard core, timber or other foundation arrangement. It includes the design of mast ties but excludes the design of anchorage bolts to the supporting structure. It includes the landing gates and their frames but excludes the design of any anchorage fixing bolts to the supporting structure.
Bauaufzüge für den Materialtransport - Teil 1: Aufzüge mit betretbarer Plattform
Diese Norm behandelt kraftbetriebene, vorübergehend errichtete Bauaufzüge, die für die Benutzung durch Personen bestimmt sind, denen das Betreten von Baustellen und technischen Anlagen erlaubt ist. Die Aufzüge bedienen festgelegte Ladestellen und haben eine Plattform, - die für den Materialtransport konstruiert ist; - die den Zutriit von Personen für das Be- und Entladen erlaubt; - die den Zutritt und das Mitfahren befugter Personen während des Auf- und Abbaus sowie bei der Instandhaltung gestattet; - die geführt ist.
Monte-matériaux - Partie 1: Monte-matériaux à plates-formes accessibles
1.1 La présente norme traite des élévateurs de chantier motorisés, installés temporairement, (appelés «monte-matériaux» ci-après), destinés à être utilisés par des personnes autorisées à pénétrer sur des chantiers et des sites industriels, desservant des paliers et possédant un dispositif porte-charge :
- conçu uniquement pour le transport de matériaux ;
- guidé ;
- se déplaçant verticalement ou le long de guides, dont l'angle avec la verticale ne dépasse pas 15 degrés maximum ;
- soutenu ou supporté par le câble métallique d'un tambour moteur, par chaîne, crémaillère et pignon, vérin hydraulique (direct ou indirect), ou un mécanisme à structure déployable ;
- où les mâts, lorsqu'ils sont installés, peuvent ou non nécessiter le soutien de constructions distinctes ;
- permettant l'accès à des personnes ayant reçu les instructions nécessaires lors du chargement et du déchargement ;
- contrôlé par des personnes désignées ;
- permettant, si nécessaire, l'accès et le transport de personnes compétentes et autorisées durant le montage, le démontage ainsi que la maintenance et l'inspection.
1.2 La norme identifie des risques apparaissant au cours de la durée de vie d'un tel appareil (voir l’article 4) ainsi que des méthodes pour supprimer ou réduire ces risques, à condition que l'appareil soit utilisé comme prévu par le fabricant.
1.3 La présente norme ne spécifie pas de prescriptions supplémentaires pour :
- l'utilisation du monte-matériaux sous des conditions particulièrement difficiles (par exemple dans des zones climatiques extrêmes ou en cas de champs magnétiques forts) ;
- la protection antifoudre ;
- l'utilisation avec des exigences exceptionnelles (par exemple dans des régions où il y a un risque d'explosion) ;
- la compatibilité électromagnétique (émission, immunité) ;
Gradbena dvigala za prevoz materiala - 1. del: Dvigala z dostopno dvižno ploščadjo (vključno z dopolnilom A1)
Ta standard obravnava začasno nameščena električna gradbena dvigala (ki jih ta standard imenuje »dvigala«), namenjena osebam, ki lahko vstopajo na delovišča in gradbišča, s pripustom ravni za iztovarjanje in z napravo za nošenje tovora: - namenjena samo prevozu blaga; - vodena; - ki se gibljejo navpično ali z največ 15 stopinjami odmika od navpičnice; - ki jih podpira ali nosi valjčno gnana jeklena vrv, veriga, podstavek in zobnik, hidravlični bat (neposredni ali posredni) ali raztegljivi povezovalni mehanizem; - pri katerih postavljene drogove lahko podpirajo ločene konstrukcije; - ki med natovarjanjem in raztovarjanjem omogočajo dostop poučenih oseb; - ki jih vodijo izbrane osebe; - ki med postavitvijo, razstavljanjem, vzdrževanjem in pregledom po potrebi omogočajo dostop in potovanje pristojnih in pooblaščenih oseb. Ta standard opredeljuje nevarnosti, navedene v Klavzuli 4, ki nastanejo med različnimi fazami življenjske dobe take opreme, in opisuje metode za odpravo ali zmanjšanje teh nevarnosti, kadar se oprema uporablja kot predvideno s strani proizvajalca. Ta standard obravnava vgradnjo dvigal. Vključuje nosilni okvir in nosilni ograjeni prostor, vendar izključuje zasnovo postavitve podlage iz betona, trdega jedra, lesa ali drugega materiala. Vključuje zasnovo vezi za drogove, vendar izključuje zasnovo sidriščnih vijakov za podporno konstrukcijo. Vključuje vrata za iztovarjanje in njihove okvire, vendar izključuje zasnovo pritrditvenih sidriščnih vijakov za podporno konstrukcijo.
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Bauaufzüge für den Materialtransport - Teil 1: Aufzüge mit betretbarer PlattformMonte-matériaux - Partie 1: Monte-matériaux à plates-formes accessiblesBuilders' hoists for goods - Part 1: Hoists with accessible platforms53.020.99Druga dvigalna opremaOther lifting equipmentICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 12158-1:2000+A1:2010SIST EN 12158-1:2002+A1:2010en,fr,de01-oktober-2010SIST EN 12158-1:2002+A1:2010SLOVENSKI
STANDARDSIST EN 12158-1:20021DGRPHãþD
SIST EN 12158-1:2002+A1:2010
EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPÉENNE EUROPÄISCHE NORM
EN 12158-1:2000+A1
July 2010 ICS 91.140.90 Supersedes EN 12158-1:2000English Version
Builders' hoists for goods - Part 1: Hoists with accessible platforms
Monte-matériaux - Partie 1: Monte-matériaux à plates-formes accessibles
Bauaufzüge für den Materialtransport - Teil 1: Aufzüge mit betretbarer Plattform This European Standard was approved by CEN on 17 February 2000 and includes Amendment 1 approved by CEN on 12 June 2010.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre:
Avenue Marnix 17,
B-1000 Brussels © 2010 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 12158-1:2000+A1:2010: ESIST EN 12158-1:2002+A1:2010
EN 12158-1:2000+A1:2010 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword .3Introduction .41Scope .42Normative references .63Terms and definitions .74List of hazards .95Safety requirements and/or measures . 116Verification . 467User information . 50Annex A (normative)
European stormwind map . 58Annex B (normative)
Electric safety devices . 59Annex C (informative)
User requirements for different types of hoists . 61Annex ZA (informative)
!Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 2006/42/EC" . 62!Bibliography" . 63 SIST EN 12158-1:2002+A1:2010
EN 12158-1:2000+A1:2010 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN 12158-1:2000+A1:2010) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 10 "Lifts, escalators and moving walks", the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by January 2011, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by January 2011. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document includes Amendment 1, approved by CEN on 2010-06-12. This document supersedes EN 12158-1:2000. The start and finish of text introduced or altered by amendment is indicated in the text by tags!"This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s). For relationship with EU Directive(s), see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this document. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
SIST EN 12158-1:2002+A1:2010
EN 12158-1:2000+A1:2010 (E) 4 Introduction This standard is one of a series of standards produced by CEN/TC 10/SC 1 “Building hoists” as part of the CEN programme of work to produce machinery safety standards. The standard is a Type C standard relating to safety for builders hoists for goods. The extent to which hazards are covered is indicated in the scope of this standard. In addition, machinery shall comply as appropriate with !EN ISO 12100:2003" for hazards which are not covered by this standard. !When provisions of this type C standard are different from those which are stated in type A or B standards, the provisions of this type C standard take precedence over the provisions of the other standards, for machines that have been designed and built according to the provisions of this type C standard. The machinery concerned and the extent to which hazards, hazardous situations and events are covered are indicated in the scope of this European Standard." 1 Scope 1.1 This standard deals with power operated temporarily installed builders hoists (referred to as “hoists“ in this standard) intended for use by persons who are permitted to enter sites of engineering and construction, serving landing levels, having a load carrying device: designed for the transportation of goods only; guided; travelling vertically or along a path within 15 degrees max. of the vertical; supported or sustained by drum driven wire rope, chain, rack and pinion, hydraulic jack (direct or indirect), or an expanding linkage mechanism; where masts, when erected, may or may not require support from separate structures; which permits the access of instructed persons during loading and unloading; which are driven by appointed persons; which permits, if necessary, during erection, dismantling, maintenance and inspection, the access and travel by persons who are competent and authorised. 1.2 The standard identifies hazards as listed in clause 4 which arise during the various phases in the life of such equipment and describes methods for the elimination or reduction of these hazards when used as intended by the manufacturer.
1.3 This European standard does not specify the additional requirements for: operation in severe conditions (e.g. extreme climates, strong magnetic fields); SIST EN 12158-1:2002+A1:2010
EN 12158-1:2000+A1:2010 (E) 5 lightning protection; operation subject to special rules (e.g. potentially explosive atmospheres); electromagnetic compatibility (emission, immunity); handling of loads the nature of which could lead to dangerous situations (e.g. molten metal, acids/bases, radiating materials, fragile loads); the use of combustion engines; the use of remote controls; hazards occurring during manufacture; hazards occurring as a result of mobility; hazards occurring as a result of being erected over a public road; earthquakes; noise. 1.4 This standard is not applicable to builders hoists for persons and materials; lifts according to EN 81-1:1998, 81-2:1998 and !EN 81-3:2000"; inclined hoists according to !EN 12158-2:2000"; work cages suspended from lifting appliances; work platforms carried on the forks of fork trucks; work platforms; funiculars; lifts specially designed for military purposes; mine lifts; theatre elevators; special purpose lifts. SIST EN 12158-1:2002+A1:2010
EN 12158-1:2000+A1:2010 (E) 6 1.5 This standard deals with the hoist installation. It includes the base frame and base enclosure but excludes the design of any concrete, hard core, timber or other foundation arrangement. It includes the design of mast ties but excludes the design of anchorage bolts to the supporting structure. It includes the landing gates and their frames but excludes the design of any anchorage fixing bolts to the supporting structure. 2 Normative references !The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies." EN 81-1:1998, Safety rules for the construction and installation of lifts — Part 1: Electric lifts EN 81-2:1998, Safety rules for the construction and installation of lifts — Part 2: Hydraulic lifts !EN 81-3:2000, Safety rules for the construction and installation of lifts — Part 3: Electric and hydraulic service lifts" !deleted text" EN 349:1993, Safety of machinery — Minimum gaps to avoid crushing of parts of the human body !deleted text" EN 894-1:1997, Safety of machinery — Ergonomic requirements for the design of displays and control actuators — Part 1: General principles for human interactions with displays and control actuators !deleted text" EN 982:1996, Safety of machinery — Safety requirements for fluid power systems and their components — Hydraulics EN 1037:1995, Safety of machinery — Prevention of unexpected start-up EN 1088:1995, Safety of machinery — Interlocking devices associated with guards — Principles for design and selection !EN 12158-2:2000, Builders hoists for goods — Part 2: Inclined hoists with non-accessible load carrying devices" !EN 12159:2000, Builders hoists for persons and materials with vertically guided cages" !EN 60204-1:2006, Safety of machinery — Electrical equipment of machines — Part 1: General requirements (IEC 60204-1:2005, modified)" !EN 60204-32:2008, Safety of machinery — Electrical equipment of machines — Part 32: Requirements for hoisting machines (IEC 60204-32:2008)" !EN 60529:1991, Degrees of protection provided by enclosures (IP-Code) (IEC 60529:1989)" !EN 60947-4-1:2001, Low-voltage switchgear and controlgear — Part 4-1: Contactors and motor-starters; Electromechanical contactors and motor-starters (IEC 60947-4-1:2000)" !EN 60947-5-1:2004, Low-voltage switchgear and controlgear — Part 5-1: Control circuit devices and switching elements — Electromechanical control circuit devices (IEC 60947-5-1:2003)" SIST EN 12158-1:2002+A1:2010
EN 12158-1:2000+A1:2010 (E) 7 !EN ISO 4871:1996, Acoustics — Declaration and verification of noise emission values of machinery and equipment (ISO 4871:1996)" !EN ISO 12100-1:2003, Safety of machinery — Basic concepts, general principles for design — Part 1: Basic terminology, methodology (ISO 12100-1:2003)" !EN ISO 12100-2:2003, Safety of machinery — Basic concepts, general principles for design — Part 2: Technical principles (ISO 12100-2:2003)" !EN ISO 13850:2008, Safety of machinery — Emergency stop — Principles for design (ISO 13850:2006)" !EN ISO 13857:2008, Safety of machinery — Safety distances to prevent hazard zones being reached by upper and lower limbs (ISO 13857:2008)" !ISO 2408:2004, Steel wire ropes for general purposes — Minimum requirements" ISO 4302:1981, Cranes — Wind load assessment !ISO 4309:2004, Cranes — Wire ropes — Care, maintenance, installation, examination and discard" !ISO 6336-1:2006, Calculation of load capacity of spur and helical gears — Part 1: Basic principles, introduction and general influence factors" !ISO 6336-2:2006, Calculation of load capacity of spur and helical gears — Part 2: Calculation of surface durability (pitting)" !ISO 6336-3:2006, Calculation of load capacity of spur and helical gears — Part 3: Calculation of tooth bending strength" !ISO 6336-5:2003, Calculation of load capacity of spur and helical gears — Part 5: Strength and quality of materials" 3 Terms and definitions !For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN ISO 12100-1:2003 and the following apply." 3.1
builder's hoist a temporary lifting machine serving landing levels on sites of engineering and construction with a platform, cage or other load carrying device, which is guided !3.2
working load/rated load" the maximum load which the hoist has been designed to carry in service 3.3
rated speed the speed of the platform for which the equipment has been designed 3.4
wire rope hoist a hoist which uses wire rope as the load suspension system SIST EN 12158-1:2002+A1:2010
EN 12158-1:2000+A1:2010 (E) 8 3.5
positive drive
a drive using means other than friction 3.6
hydraulic hoist a hoist which uses a hydraulic cylinder to directly or indirectly carry the load 3.7
rack and pinion hoist a hoist which uses a toothed rack and pinion as the load suspension system 3.8
expanding linkage mechanism a mechanical linkage system (e.g. scissors) which supports and guides the platform by means of expansion or contraction under the control of an actuator 3.9
base frame the lowest framework of the hoist, upon which all other components are mounted 3.10
guides rigid elements which determine the travel way of the platform 3.11
mast structure that supports and guides the platform 3.12
mast section indivisible piece of mast, between two adjacent mast joints 3.13
mast tie a connection system between the mast and any building structure, providing lateral support for the mast 3.14
hoistway the total space which is travelled by the platform and its load 3.15
platform the load carrying device including the floor, walls and entrances 3.16
stopping distance the distance the platform moves from the moment, when the control or safety circuit is broken until the platform has come to a full stop 3.17
overspeed safety device a mechanical device for stopping and maintaining stationary the platform in the event of overspeed in down direction 3.18
slack rope a rope, normally under tension, from which all external loads have been removed SIST EN 12158-1:2002+A1:2010
EN 12158-1:2000+A1:2010 (E) 9 3.19
wire rope termination the adaptation at the end of a wire rope permitting attachment 3.20
landing a level in a building or construction intended for loading and unloading the platform 3.21
safety distance a minimum acceptable distance between any moving part of a hoist and any point of access 3.22
guard rail fixed equipment, other than gates, which is used to prevent people from falling or from reaching hazardous areas 3.23
normal operation the usual operating conditions for the equipment when in use for carrying loads but excluding routine maintenance, erection, dismantling etc 3.24
in service a condition during use of the hoist when the platform is in any position, laden or unladen, moving or stationary 3.25
out of service an installed condition when the platform is positioned such that it is provided with the most shelter from the wind. This is normally, but not necessarily, ground level. The platform is unladen 3.26
competent person a designated person, suitably trained, qualified by knowledge and practical experience, and provided with the necessary instructions to enable the required procedures to be carried out 4 List of hazards The list of hazards according to the following tables are based on !EN ISO 12100-1:2003 and EN ISO 12100-2:2003". Tables 1.1 and 1.2 show the hazards which have been identified and where the corresponding requirements have been formulated in this standard, in order to limit the risk or reduce these hazards in each situation. A hazard which is not applicable or is not significant and for which, therefore, no requirements are formulated, is shown in the relevant clauses column as n.a. (not applicable). Table 1 — Hazards relating to the general design and construction of hoists
HazardsRelevant clauses in this standard 1 Mechanical hazards 1.1 Crushing 5.5.2, 5.5.3, 5.5.6, 5.7.2, 7.1.2.7, 7.1.2.8 1.2 Shearing 5.5, 5.6.1.2, 5.7.2, 7.1.2.7, 7.1.2.8 SIST EN 12158-1:2002+A1:2010
EN 12158-1:2000+A1:2010 (E) 10
Hazards Relevant clauses in this standard 1.3 Cutting or severing 5.5, 5.6.1.2, 5.7.2, 7.1.2.7, 7.1.2.8 1.4 Entanglement 5.7.2 1.5 Drawing-in or trapping 5.5.2, 5.5.3, 5.6.1.2, 5.7.2, 7.1.2.7 1.6 Impact 5.4.3, 5.6.2, 7.1.2.7, 7.1.2.8 1.7 Stabbing or puncture n.a. 1.8 Friction or abrasion 5.5.2, 5.5.3, 7.1.2 1.9 High pressure fluid ejection 5.7.3.3, 5.8 1.10 Ejection of parts 5.6.1.2 1.11 Loss of stability 5.2, 5.3, 5.4.1, 5.4.2, 5.6.3, 7.1.2.7.3 1.12 Slip, trip and fall 5.5, 5.6.1, 5.6.2,
5.7.3.3.8, 7.1.2.7.3 2 Electrical hazards 2.1 Electrical contact 5.9, 7.1.2.7.3 2.2 Electrostatic phenomena n.a. 2.3 Thermal radiation n.a. 2.4 External influences 5.7.4.11, 5.9.3 3 Thermal hazards 3.1 Burns and scalds n.a. 3.2 Health-damaging effects n.a. 4 Hazards generated by noise 4.1 Hearing losses not dealt with, see 1.3 4.2 Interference with speech not dealt with, see 1.3 5 Hazards generated by vibrationn.a. 6 Hazards generated by radiation6.1 Electrical arcs n.a. 6.2 Lasers n.a. 6.3 Ionising radiation sources n.a. 6.4 Use of H F electromagnetic fields not dealt with 7 Hazards generated by materials and substances processed, used or exhausted by machinery 7.1 Contact with or inhalation of harmful fluids, gases, mists, fumes and dusts n.a. 7.2 Fire or explosion n.a. 7.3 Biological and microbiological n.a. 8 Hazards generated by neglecting ergonomic principles in machine design 8.1 Unhealthy postures or excessive effort 5.1, 5.5.3.1.6, 7.1.2.7.3 8.2 Inadequate consideration of human hand/arm or foot/leg anatomy 5.5, 5.7.2, 7.1.2.7 8.3 Neglected use of personal protection equipment n.a. 8.4 Inadequate area lighting 7.1.2.7.3 8.5 Mental overload or underload, stress 5.10 8.6 Human error 5.6.3, 5.10, 7.1.2.7, 7.1.2.8, 7.2, 7.3 9 Hazard combinations not dealt with 10 Hazards caused by failure of energy supply, breaking down of machinery parts and other functional disorders 10.1 Failure of energy supply 5.7.4.1, 5.9.2, 5.11, 7.1.2.4.1, 7.1.2.5 10.2 Unexpected ejection of machine parts or fluids 5.7.2.3, 5.7.3.3, 5.8 SIST EN 12158-1:2002+A1:2010
EN 12158-1:2000+A1:2010 (E) 11
HazardsRelevant clauses in this standard 10.3 Failure or malfunction of control system 5.10.2.2, 5.10.3, 5.10.6 10.4 Errors of fitting 5.4.1, 7.1.2.7 10.5 Overturn, unexpected loss of machine stability 5.2, 5.3, 5.4, 7.1.2.7 11 Hazards caused by missing and / or incorrectly positioned safety related measures / means 11.1 Guards 5.5, 5.6.1.2, 7.1.2.7 11.2 Safety related (protection) devices 5.5.1, 7.1.2.7, 7.1.2.10 11.3 Starting and stopping devices 5.10.5, 5.10.7, 7.1.2.7, 7.1.2.8 11.4 Safety signs and signals 7.2 11.5 Information or warning devices 5.6.3, 7.2 11.6 Energy supply disconnecting devices 5.10.6 11.7 Emergency devices 5.6.2, 5.11, 7.1.2.5, 7.1.2.7, 7.1.2.10 11.8 Feeding/removal means of work pieces n.a. 11.9 Essential equipment and accessories for safe adjusting and/or maintaining 7.1.2.5, 7.1.2.7, 7.1.2.10 11.10 Equipment evacuating gases n.a. see 1.3
Table 1.2 — Particular hazards involving the mobility and/or load lifting ability of hoists
HazardsRelevant clauses in this standard
Hazards due to mobility12 Inadequate lighting of moving / working areaNot dealt with, see 1.3 13 Hazards due to sudden movement instabilityetc. during handling Not dealt with, see 1.3 14 Inadequate/non-ergonomic design of operating position Not dealt with, see 1.3 15 Mechanical hazards Not dealt with, see 1.3 16 Hazards due to lifting operations16.1 Lack of stability 5.2.5, 5.3, 5.4.1, 5.4.2, 7.1.2.7 16.2 Derailment of the platform 5.4.1, 5.6.1, 5.10.7.2.2 16.3 Loss of mechanical strength of machinery and lifting accessories 5.2, 5.3, 5.5.4, 5.6, 5.7, 7.1.2.10 16.4 Hazards caused by uncontrolled movement 5.5.3, 5.6.2, 7.1.2.8 17 Inadequate view of trajectories of the moving parts5.5.2.2, 7.1.2.8 18 Hazards caused by lightningnot dealt with, see 1.319 Hazards due to loading/ overloading5.2, 5.6, 7.1.2.8
5 Safety requirements and/or measures 5.1 General The design of the hoist shall consider safe use, erection, dismantling and maintenance. It shall be possible to erect the hoist using safe access methods such as those offered by the platform or equivalent facilities. SIST EN 12158-1:2002+A1:2010
EN 12158-1:2000+A1:2010 (E) 12 The design of all components that have to be handled during erection e.g. mast sections, shall have their weight assessed against manual handling. Where the permissible weight for manual handling is exceeded, the manufacturer shall make available suitable lifting equipment. !All removable and detachable covers shall be retained by captive fastenings." 5.2 Load combinations and calculations
5.2.1 The structure of the hoist shall be designed and constructed in such a way that its strength is satisfactory under all intended operating conditions, including erection and dismantling and e.g. low temperature environments. The design of the structure as a whole and each part of it shall be based on the effects of any possible combination of loads as specified in this subclause 5.2. The load combinations shall consider the least favourable locations of the platform and load relative to the mast and its ties, both during the vertical passage of the platform and any horizontal movement, e.g. swivelling of the platform. Ties between the mast and the supporting structure are considered to be part of the hoist structure. 5.2.2 When calculating the hoist structure and every related component, the following forces and loads shall be taken into account: 5.2.2.1 All dead weights with the exception of the platform and equipment which moves together with the platform. 5.2.2.2 Dead weights of the unladen platform and all equipment which moves together with the platform. 5.2.2.3 Dead weight of landing platforms and gates if supported by the hoist. 5.2.2.4 Rated load on the platform The effect of the forces on the platform and mast resulting from the application of the rated load shall be allowed for in one of the two following ways, which reflect the chosen density of loading on the platform: a) If ²m/kN0,375,0xAF< where F = rated load [kN] and
A = total floor area [m²] then the rated load shall be assumed to be distributed over a reduced area (A1) which results in a distribution of 3,0 kN/m². The format and the location of this area shall be taken as that which gives the least favourable stress for the mast and also for the platform. One example is shown in figure 1. SIST EN 12158-1:2002+A1:2010
EN 12158-1:2000+A1:2010 (E) 13
Key A total floor area[m²] A1 = F[kN]/3[kN/m²] Figure 1 — One example of loading according to 5.2.2.4 a b) if
²m/kN0,375,0xAF≥ then the rated load shall be assumed to be distributed over an area (A2) equivalent to 75 % of the total floor area of the platform. The format and the location of this area shall be taken as that which gives the least favourable stress for the mast and also for the platform. One example is shown in figure 2.
Key A2 = 0,75 A Figure 2 — One example of loading according to 5.2.2.4 b 5.2.2.5 Where the uniform distribution of the rated load over the full area of the platform is less than
2,5 kN/m² then, for calculation purposes a minimum of 2,5 kN/m² shall be placed over the whole area (A3) of the platform. See figure 3. SIST EN 12158-1:2002+A1:2010
EN 12158-1:2000+A1:2010 (E) 14
Figure 3 — Evenly distributed load case 5.2.2.6 Forces during loading and unloading shall be considered as the concurrent effect of a vertical force and a horizontal force, each calculated as follows: a vertical force FV of 50 % of the rated load but not less than 2,0 kN, or, for rated loads greater than
20 kN, calculated from the equation
FV = 4 + 0,3 F
where
FV = vertical force [kN]
F = rated load [kN] a horizontal force FH of 15 % of the rated load, but not less than 0,3 kN and not more than 2,5 kN, both forces acting at 1/3 of the width of the platform entrance, at floor level, in the least favourable direction and location. The stresses in the mast and also in the platform shall be calculated for at least the following application points of the loading and unloading forces: the platform threshold, the leading edge of any ramp or other extension, which is not supported by the landing. At the same time any remaining part of the rated load shall be applied in the centre of the platform (FV1). Equivalent forces shall be used to design the landing threshold and all relevant supporting structures. Information shall be given in the instruction handbook with regard to these forces. SIST EN 12158-1:2002+A1:2010
EN 12158-1:2000+A1:2010 (E) 15
Figure 4 — One example of forces during loading and unloading 5.2.2.7 For hoists according to 5.10.2.2.5, the design of the hoist shall consider failure of the upper terminal stopping switch in combination with impact with the upper buffers both with and without load. The stalling torque and inertia of the drive system shall be taken into account. 5.2.2.8 The effect of moving loads shall be determined by taking the weight of all actual loads (platform, rated load, wire ropes etc.) and multiplying them by an impact factor µ = (1,1 + 0,264v) where v is the rated speed in m/s. Alternative factors may be used if they can be proved to be more accurate. 5.2.2.9 To determine the forces produced by an operation of the overspeed safety device, the sum total of the travelling load shall be multiplied by the factor 2,5. A lower factor, but not less than 1,2 can be used if it can be verified by test under all conditions of loading up to 1,3 times rated load including any inertia effects of the drive system. 5.2.2.10 The platform floor surface shall be designed to withstand without permanent deformation a static force of 1,5 kN or 25 % of the rated load, whichever is the greater, but in no case more than 3 kN, the force applied on the least favourable square area of 0,1 m x 0,1 m. 5.2.2.11 Design wind conditions The aerodynamic pressure q is given by the general equation: 6,1vq2w=
where q is the pressure in N/m² and vW the wind velocity in m/s. In all cases it shall be assumed that the wind can blow horizontally in any direction and the least favourable direction shall be taken into account. The calculation shall be done according to !ISO 4302:1981" with the exception of the following: 5.2.2.11.1 Action of the wind on the platform When calculating wind pressure on the platform it shall be assumed that the platform walls and any guards are solid and an aerodynamic coefficient of c = 1,2 shall be applied. The factor 1,2 covers both the shape factor and the shielding factor. SIST EN 12158-1:2002+A1:2010
EN 12158-1:2000+A1:2010 (E) 16 5.2.2.11.2 Wind pressure Three design wind conditions shall be taken into account when calculating wind pressure on hoists: 5.2.2.11.2.1 In service wind Irrespective of height, the minimum value for wind pressure shall be q = 250 N/m2 which corresponds to a wind velocity of vw = 20 m/s. 5.2.2.11.2.2 Out of service wind Out of service wind pressure depends on the height above ground and the area where the hoist is installed. The values of out of service wind pressure are given in table 2. The minimum design wind pressures shall be taken into account Table 2 — Minimum design wind pressure Height H of parts of hoist above ground level Wind pressure q for geographical Region
A to E [N/m²] [m] A/B C D E 0
544 741 968 1225 10
627 853 1114 1410 20
757 1031 1347 1704 50
879 1196 1562 1977 100
960 1306 1706 2159
The regions A – E are taken from the European Stormwind Map (see Annex A). 5.2.2.11.2.3 Erection and dismantling wind Irrespective of height, the minimum value for wind pressure shall be q = 100 N/m2, which corresponds to a wind velocity of vw = 12,5 m/s. 5.2.2.12 The calculation shall take into account errors of erection of at least 0,5 degrees. 5.2.2.13 Forces created by the lower buffers shall correspond to a retardation of 2 g unless a lower value of retardation can be verified. Forces created by the upper buffers shall correspond to a retardation of 1 g unless a lower value of retardation can be verified. 5.2.3 Safet
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