SIST EN 474-12:2022
(Main)Earth-moving machinery - Safety - Part 12: Requirements for cable excavators
Earth-moving machinery - Safety - Part 12: Requirements for cable excavators
This document, together with part 1, deals with all significant hazards for earth-moving machinery - cable-excavators (as defined in EN ISO 6165) when they are used as intended and under the conditions of misuse which are reasonably foreseeable by the manufacturer associated with the whole life time of the machine (see Clause 4).
This European Standard applies also to cable excavators, their undercarriage and upper-structure, if intended for use in combination with other equipment or attachment, such as lifting operation, extracting equipment and moving equipment (e.g. rail track, walking legs, pontoon, ship) or stationary undercarriage. Drilling and foundation equipment (covered by EN 16228 parts 1-7:2014) are not dealt with in this standard.
The requirements of this part are complementary to the common requirements formulated in
prEN 474-1. This document does not repeat the requirements from prEN 474-1, but adds or replaces the requirements for application for earth moving machinery - cable-excavators.
Erdbaumaschinen - Sicherheit - Teil 12: Anforderungen für Seilbagger
Dieses Dokument behandelt zusammen mit EN 474 1:2022 alle signifikanten Gefährdungen, Gefährdungssituationen und ‑ereignisse von Seilbaggern, wenn diese Maschinen bestimmungsgemäß verwendet werden sowie unter den vernünftigerweise vom Hersteller vorhersehbaren Fehlanwendungen (siehe Anhang A) für die gesamte Lebensdauer der Maschine betrieben werden wie in EN ISO 12100:2010, 5.4, beschrieben betrieben werden.
Die Anforderungen dieses Dokuments gelten ergänzend zu den allgemeinen Anforderungen in EN 474 1:2022. Dieses Dokument wiederholt nicht die Anforderungen in EN 474 1:2022, sondern ergänzt oder ändert diese für den Einsatz von Seilbaggern.
Dieses Dokument enthält keine Anforderungen an den Hauptstromkreis und den Antrieb, wenn die primäre Energiequelle eine externe Stromversorgung ist.
Dieses Dokument enthält keine Leistungsanforderungen an Sicherheitsfunktionen von Steuerungssystemen.
Die folgenden signifikanten und relevanten Gefährdungen werden in diesem Dokument nicht behandelt:
— Laserstrahlung;
— Blitzschlag.
Diese Norm behandelt keine Geräte für Bohr- und Gründungsarbeiten (die von EN 16228 1:2014+A1:2021 bis EN 16228 7:2014+A1:2021 abgedeckt werden).
Dieses Dokument enthält keine Anforderungen an den Hauptstromkreis und den Antrieb, wenn die primäre Energiequelle eine externe Stromversorgung ist.
Dieses Dokument behandelt keine Abrissmaschinen.
Dieses Dokument ist nicht anwendbar für Seilbagger, die vor der Veröffentlichung dieser Norm durch CEN hergestellt worden sind.
Engins de terrassement - Sécurité - Partie 12 : Prescriptions applicables aux pelles à câbles
Le présent document traite, avec la partie 1, de tous les phénomènes dangereux significatifs liés aux engins de terrassement – pelles à câbles (tels qu'ils sont définis dans l'EN ISO 6165), lorsqu'ils sont utilisés normalement et dans de mauvaises conditions raisonnablement prévisibles par le fabricant, sur toute la durée de vie de l'engin (voir Article 4).
La présente Norme européenne s’applique également aux pelles à câbles, à leur structure porteuse et à leur superstructure, lorsqu’elles sont destinées à être utilisées en association avec d’autres équipements ou accessoires, tels que : opération de levage, équipements d'extraction et équipements mobiles (par exemple, sur rails, sur patins, sur ponton, sur barge) ou structure porteuse fixe. Les machines de forage et de fondation (couvertes par les normes EN 16228-1:2014 à EN 16228-7:2014) ne sont pas traitées dans la présente norme.
Les prescriptions figurant dans la présente partie sont complémentaires des prescriptions communes présentées dans le prEN 474-1. Le présent document ne répète pas les prescriptions de la norme prEN 474-1 mais en ajoute ou en remplace certaines pour les engins de terrassement – pelles à câbles.
La présente Norme européenne n’est pas applicable aux pelles à câble fabriquées avant la publication de la présente Norme européenne par le CEN.
Stroji za zemeljska dela - Varnost - 12. del: Zahteve za bagre s kablom
Ta dokument skupaj s 1. delom obravnava vsa večja tveganja za stroje za zemeljska dela – bagre s kablom (kot so opredeljeni v standardu EN ISO 6165), kadar se uporabljajo v skladu s predvidenim namenom in pod pogoji pričakovane nepravilne uporabe, ki jih določa proizvajalec, v zvezi s celotno življenjsko dobo stroja (glej točko 4).
Ta evropski standard se uporablja tudi za bagre s kablom ter njihovo ogrodje in zgornjo strukturo, če so namenjeni za uporabo v kombinaciji z drugo opremo ali priključkom, kot je oprema za dvigovanje, ekstrakcijo in premikanje (npr. tirnice, premične noge, pontoni, ladje), ali s stacionarnim ogrodjem. Oprema za vrtanje in temeljenje, zajeta v standardu EN 16228 (deli 1–7:2014), v tem standardu ni obravnavana.
Zahteve iz tega dela dopolnjujejo splošne zahteve iz standarda
prEN 474-1. Ta dokument ne navaja ponovno zahtev iz standarda prEN 474-1, temveč dodaja ali nadomešča zahteve za uporabo strojev za zemeljska dela – bagrov s kablom.
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST EN 474-12:2022
01-maj-2022
Nadomešča:
SIST EN 474-12:2007+A1:2008
Stroji za zemeljska dela - Varnost - 12. del: Zahteve za bagre s kablom
Earth-moving machinery - Safety - Part 12: Requirements for cable excavators
Erdbaumaschinen - Sicherheit - Teil 12: Anforderungen für Seilbagger
Engins de terrassement - Sécurité - Partie 12 : Prescriptions applicables aux pelles à
câbles
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 474-12:2022
ICS:
53.100 Stroji za zemeljska dela Earth-moving machinery
SIST EN 474-12:2022 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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SIST EN 474-12:2022
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SIST EN 474-12:2022
EN 474-12
EUROPEAN STANDARD
NORME EUROPÉENNE
March 2022
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 53.100 Supersedes EN 474-12:2006+A1:2008
English Version
Earth-moving machinery - Safety - Part 12: Requirements
for cable excavators
Engins de terrassement - Sécurité - Partie 12 : Erdbaumaschinen - Sicherheit - Teil 12: Anforderungen
Prescriptions applicables aux pelles à câbles für Seilbagger
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 14 February 2022.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this
European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references
concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN
member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,
Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and
United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2022 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN 474-12:2022 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
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SIST EN 474-12:2022
EN 474-12:2022 (E)
Contents Page
European foreword . 3
Introduction . 5
1 Scope . 6
2 Normative references . 6
3 Terms and definitions . 7
4 Safety requirements and/or protective/risk reduction measures . 9
4.1 General . 9
4.2 Access . 9
4.3 Operator's station . 9
4.4 Seat . 9
4.5 Operator's controls and indicators . 10
4.6 Steering system . 10
4.7 Swing brakes . 10
4.8 Stability . 10
4.9 Excavator operation . 13
4.10 Lifting operation . 17
4.11 Cable excavator with electrical power source . 17
4.12 Maintenance . 17
5 Verification of the safety requirements and/or protective/risk reduction measures . 18
6 Information for use . 20
6.1 General . 20
6.2 Operator’s manual . 20
Annex A (informative) List of significant hazards . 22
Annex B (normative) Performance and test requirements for cable excavator swing brakes . 27
B.1 General . 27
B.2 Terms and definitions . 27
B.3 Minimum performance . 27
B.4 Conditions for testing the swing service brake . 29
Annex C (informative) Illustrations . 30
C.1 Standard applications. 30
C.2 Special applications . 33
C.3 Wheel type cable excavator in transport position for road travelling . 35
Annex D (informative) Examples of free-fall operation and activation . 36
Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the essential
requirements of Directive 2006/42/EC machinery, and amending
Directive 95/16/EC (recast) [2006 L157] aimed to be covered. 40
Bibliography . 45
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SIST EN 474-12:2022
EN 474-12:2022 (E)
European foreword
This document (EN 474-12:2022) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 151 “Construction
equipment and building material machines - Safety”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by September 2022, and conflicting national standards shall
be withdrawn at the latest by March 2024.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This document supersedes EN 474-12:2006+A1:2008.
This document has been prepared under a standardization request given to CEN by the European
Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of
EU Directive(s).
For relationship with EU Directive(s), see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this
document.
For bibliographic references, see EN 474-1:2022.
EN 474 “Earth-moving machinery — Safety” comprises the following parts:
— Part 1: General requirements
— Part 2: Requirements for tractor-dozers
— Part 3: Requirements for loaders
— Part 4: Requirements for backhoe-loaders
— Part 5: Requirements for hydraulic excavators
— Part 6: Requirements for dumpers
— Part 7: Requirements for scrapers
— Part 8: Requirements for graders
— Part 9: Requirements for pipelayers
— Part 10: Requirements for trenchers
— Part 11: Requirements for earth and landfill compactors
— Part 12: Requirements for cable excavators
— Part 13: Requirements for rollers
This document is intended for use in combination with part 1 of the series.
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SIST EN 474-12:2022
EN 474-12:2022 (E)
The main differences between this document and EN 474-12:2006+A1:2008 are as follows:
a) normative references (Clause 2) (revised and updated);
b) definitions (Clause 3) (revised and updated);
c) list of significant hazards (Annex A) (revised and updated);
d) requirements for operative protective structures (revised);
e) free-fall requirements (revised);
f) verification methods table (Clause 5) (added);
g) stability requirements (revised and updated);
h) requirements for swing brake (revised);
i) illustrations (updated);
j) Annex ZA (updated).
Any feedback and questions on this document should be directed to the users’ national standards body.
A complete listing of these bodies can be found on the CEN website.
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organisations of the
following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia,
Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland,
Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Republic of North
Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United
Kingdom.
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SIST EN 474-12:2022
EN 474-12:2022 (E)
Introduction
This document is a type-C standard as stated in EN ISO 12100.
This document is of relevance, in particular, for the following stakeholder groups representing the market
players with regard to machinery safety:
— machine manufacturers (small, medium and large enterprises);
— health and safety bodies (regulators, accident prevention organizations, market surveillance, etc.).
Others can be affected by the level of machinery safety achieved with the means of the document by the
above-mentioned stakeholder groups:
— machine users/employers (small, medium and large enterprises);
— machine users/employees (e.g. trade unions, organizations for people with special needs);
— service providers, e.g. for maintenance (small, medium and large enterprises);
— consumers (in case of machinery intended for use by consumers).
The above-mentioned stakeholder groups have been given the possibility to participate at the drafting
process of this document.
The machinery concerned and the extent to which hazards, hazardous situations or hazardous events are
covered are indicated in the scope of this document.
When requirements of this type-C standard are different from those which are stated in type-A or type-B
standards, the requirements of this type-C standard take precedence over the requirements of the other
standards for machines that have been designed and built according to the requirements of this type-C
standard.
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SIST EN 474-12:2022
EN 474-12:2022 (E)
1 Scope
This document together with EN 474-1:2022 deals with all significant hazards, hazardous situations and
events relevant to cable excavators when used as intended and under the conditions of misuse which are
reasonably foreseeable by the manufacturer (see Annex A) associated with the whole lifetime of the
machine as described in EN ISO 12100:2010, 5.4.
The requirements of this document are complementary to the common requirements formulated in
EN 474-1:2022. This document does not repeat the requirements of EN 474-1:2022 but supplements or
modifies the requirements for cable excavators.
This document does not provide requirements for main electrical circuits and drives of machinery when
the primary source of energy is an external electrical supply.
This document does not provide performance requirements for safety related functions of control
system(s).
The following significant and relevant hazards are not covered in this document:
— Laser;
— Lightning.
Drilling and foundation equipment (covered by EN 16228-1:2014+A1:2021 to
EN 16228-7:2014+A1:2021) are not dealt with in this document.
This document does not provide requirements for main electrical circuits and drives of machinery when
the primary source of energy is an external electrical supply.
This document does not deal with demolition machinery.
This document is not applicable to cable excavators which are manufactured before the date of
publication of this document by CEN.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
EN 474-1:2022, Earth-moving machinery — Safety — Part 1: General requirements
EN 16228-1:2014+A1:2021, Drilling and foundation equipment — Safety — Part 1: Common
requirements
EN 13000:2010+A1:2014, Cranes — Mobile cranes
EN 14502-2:2005+A1:2008, Cranes — Equipment for the lifting of persons — Part 2: Elevating control
stations
EN 60204-32:2008, Safety of machinery — Electrical equipment of machines — Part 32: Requirements for
hoisting machines (IEC 60204-32:2008)
EN ISO 2867:2011, Earth-moving machinery — Access systems (ISO 2867:2011)
EN ISO 6165:2012, Earth-moving machinery — Basic types — Identification and terms and definitions
(ISO 6165:2012)
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SIST EN 474-12:2022
EN 474-12:2022 (E)
EN ISO 7096:2020, Earth moving machinery — Laboratory evaluation of operator seat vibration
(ISO 7096:2020)
EN ISO 12100:2010, Safety of machinery — General principles for design — Risk assessment and risk
reduction (ISO 12100:2010)
ISO 7546:1983, Earth-moving machinery — Loader and front loading excavator buckets — Volumetric
ratings
ISO 10262:1998+Cor. 1:2009, Earth-moving machinery — Hydraulic excavators — Laboratory tests and
performance requirements for operator protective guards; Technical Corrigendum 1
ISO 10567:2007, Earth-moving machinery — Hydraulic excavators — Lift capacity
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN 474-1:2022, EN ISO 12100:2010
and the following apply.
NOTE 1 Terminology for hydraulic excavators are specified in ISO 7135:2009.
NOTE 2 Terminology for cable excavators are specified in ISO 15219:2004 and illustrated in Annex C of this
document.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— IEC Electropedia: available at https://www.electropedia.org/
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https://www.iso.org/obp
3.1
cable excavator
excavator (see 4.4 of EN ISO 6165:2012), having a wire rope-operated upper structure primarily
designed for excavating (e.g. with a dragline bucket, a front shovel or grab, a chisel), for compacting
material (e.g. with a compaction plate), for demolition work (e.g. by hook or ball) and for material
handling with special equipment and attachment
[SOURCE: EN ISO 6165:2012, 4.4.3, modified]
3.2
boom hoist system
system which consists of the boom and its adjustment mechanism
Note 1 to entry: Boom hoist system can consist of e.g. lower-, intermediate- and head-section, the A- frame system
and the boom hoist winch system, hydraulic-mechanical adjustment mechanism.
3.3
lift system
parts of the machine used for earth-moving-, demolition-, compaction- and lifting operation (e.g. with
hook assembly) application which consists of the main winch system
3.4
lifting and lowering operation
lifting and lowering of a load without disengaging the lifting drum and the lift drive system
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SIST EN 474-12:2022
EN 474-12:2022 (E)
3.5
free-fall
intentional drop of a tool enabled by a complete or partially controlled disengagement of the lifting drum
and the lift drive system
Note 1 to entry: The lifted tool is falling only by gravity.
3.5.1
free-fall operation
setting up of the machine in which the free-fall function can be activated
3.5.1.1
automatic free-fall operation
triggering and braking of free-fall is done by the control system without intervention of the operator
3.5.1.2
manual free-fall operation
triggering and braking of free-fall is done by the operator
3.5.2
free-fall function
function to enable free-fall
3.5.3
triggering of free-fall
action (manual or automatic) that causes the starting of the free-fall
3.5.4
free-fall brake
device to decelerate and hold a winch drum which is disconnected from its drive by a lifting winch
disconnecting system
3.5.5
lifting winch disconnecting system
system to disengage the lift drive system from the lifting drum
Note 1 to entry: This system can also be used as free-fall brake.
3.6
dynamic compaction
compacting ground by dynamic impact of a pounder weight
3.7
hoisting rope
rope intended to lift the load in vertical direction
3.8
digging rope
rope intended to be used for earth moving application to pull the tool, e.g. a dragline bucket
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SIST EN 474-12:2022
EN 474-12:2022 (E)
3.9
closing rope
rope intended to be used for opening and closing, e.g. a grab
Note 1 to entry: A closing rope can also be used to lift the load, mainly in vertical direction.
4 Safety requirements and/or protective/risk reduction measures
4.1 General
4.1.1 Context
Cable excavators shall comply with the safety requirements and/or protective/risk reduction measures
of this clause. In addition, the machines shall be designed according to the principles of
EN ISO 12100:2010 for relevant but not significant hazards which are not dealt with by this document.
4.1.2 Specific relation to EN 474-1
Cable excavators shall comply with the requirements of EN 474-1:2022, as far as not modified or replaced
by the requirements of this part.
4.2 Access
EN 474-1:2022, 4.2.1 shall apply with the following addition:
Access systems shall be provided to ensure access to the positions for assembly/dismantling of elements
assembled on the site; particularly boom sections, shrouds, ropes and shall comply with
EN ISO 2867:2011.
4.3 Operator's station
4.3.1 General
EN 474-1:2022, 4.3 shall apply with the following modifications in 4.3.2 to 4.3.3.
4.3.2 Roll-over protective structures (ROPS)
EN 474-1:2022, 4.3.3 does not apply for cable excavators.
4.3.3 Operator's protective guard
EN 474-1:2022, 4.3.4 shall be replaced by the following:
Cable excavators shall be designed so that operator’s protective structures can be fitted.
For cable excavators, intended for dynamic compaction operation, protective structures shall be provided
by the manufacturer. The protective structures shall provide performance of level II in accordance with
8.1b (top guard) and 8.2b (front guard) of ISO 10262:1998+Cor. 1:2009.
Rope shovels and draglines equipped with boom and dipper handle are not required to provide a front
guard.
4.3.4 Moveable operator station
EN 474-1:2022, 4.3.5 does not apply.
Moveable operation station shall be in accordance with EN 14502-2:2005+A1:2008.
4.4 Seat
EN 474-1:2022, 4.4.1.4 shall apply with the following additions:
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SIST EN 474-12:2022
EN 474-12:2022 (E)
The seat shall meet the requirements of EN ISO 7096:2020, the input spectral class shall meet the class
EM 6 for the test excitation vibrations.
4.5 Operator's controls and indicators
4.5.1 General
EN 474-1:2022, 4.5.1 shall apply with the following addition to 4.5.1 d):
The movements of the controls for driving and steering (see 4.6) do not need to correspond to the
intended direction of movement if the upper structure is not in the normal driving direction.
4.5.2 Operating mode
Cable excavators intended for use in different modes shall be fitted with a lockable operating mode
selector for at least:
a) excavator operation mode (see 4.9);
NOTE 1 Excavator operation mode can include e.g. excavating, compaction, demolition.
b) lifting operation mode (see 4.10).
The activation of the selected operation mode shall be optically indicated at the operator's station(s).
NOTE 2 A remote control is also considered as an operator’s station.
The selection of an operation mode shall not initiate any machine movement.
4.5.3 Controls on stabilizers
Control devices (except remote controls) for extending/retracting the stabilizers (e.g. outriggers,
retractable crawlers) shall be in a position or provided with means where the movements of the
stabilizers can clearly be seen by the operator and from where crushing of the operator is not possible.
If the horizontal movement of the stabilizers is controlled from a fixed control on the ground level, it shall
only be possible to affect that movement on the side where the controls are situated.
4.6 Steering system
EN 474-1:2022, 4.6 shall apply with the following modification:
EN 474-1:2022, 4.6.1 does not apply for cable excavators.
The movements of the controls for steering do not need to correspond to the intended direction of
movement if the upper structure is not in the normal driving direction (see 4.5.1).
4.7 Swing brakes
Cable excavators shall be equipped with swing service and swing parking brake systems which shall meet
the performance and test requirements as defined in Annex B.
4.8 Stability
4.8.1 General
The level of the cable excavator shall be indicated so that it is clearly visible to the operator in the
operator’s station (e.g. inclinometer in the cab).
Cable excavators with outriggers shall be fitted with a level indicating device (e.g. inclinometer) in every
control station where the levelling movements can be controlled.
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SIST EN 474-12:2022
EN 474-12:2022 (E)
The accuracy of the level indicating device (e.g. inclinometer) shall be better or equal to ± 0,1°.
EN 474-1:2022, 4.11 applies with the following addition:
The calculation of the lift capacity of cable excavators shall be made on the basis of the following criteria:
— the machine is standing on flat and firm surface;
— if the machine is intended to be used on inclined surfaces, the slope has to be considered in the
calculation;
— the tipping lines shall be taken from ISO 10567:2007, 4.1.3 and 4.1.4. For track type undercarriages
the tipping line in travelling direction is given either by the line connecting the centreline of the
support idlers/sprockets or the line connecting the centreline of the first and last support rollers,
depending on the slope of the chain (according to EN 16228-1:2014+A1:2021, 5.2.3.3.2, Figure 1);
A table of the rated lift capacity shall be available at the operator’s station (see Clause 6).
4.8.2 Calculation of tipping load
The tipping load of a cable excavator P shall be calculated as follows:
tip
9,81××mX
PN=
[ ]
tip
R
where
m is the mass of the cable excavator including the mass of the equipment (e.g. boom, jib)
[kg];
X is the horizontal distance of the centre of gravity of m to the smallest tipping line
according to EN 16228-1:2014+A1:2021, 5.2.3.3 [m];
R is the horizontal distance from the application point of P to the smallest tipping line
according to EN 16228-1:2014+A1:2021, 5.2.3.3 [m].
The rear tipping load of a cable excavator P shall be calculated as follows:
tip, rear
9,81××mX
1
PN=
[ ]
tip,rear
R
1
where
m is the mass of the cable excavator including the mass of the equipment (e.g. boom, jib)
[kg];
X is the horizontal distance of the centre of gravity of m to the smallest rear tipping line
1
according to EN 16228-1:2014+A1:2021, 5.2.3.3 [m];
R1 is the horizontal distance from the application point of P to the smallest rear tipping
line according to EN 16228-1:2014+A1:2021, 5.2.3.3 [m].
4.8.3 Stability in different applications
4.8.3.1 General
The mass of the intended load and the location of its centre of gravity as well as the mass of the attachment
shall be included in the determination of the rated operating load and the capacity of the attachment.
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SIST EN 474-12:2022
EN 474-12:2022 (E)
4.8.3.2 Compacting material application
The rated lift capacity Pr for cable excavators in compacting material application shall be determined
either by:
a) 75 % of the tipping load Ptip as calculated according to 4.8.2, or
b) maximum winches lift capacity,
whichever is less.
The dynamic effect of release of suspended load is an upward load P :
upward
PP×0,10 N
[ ]
upward r
where
P is the rated load;
r
P shall not exceed P ;
upward tip,rear
P shall not cause unintended backward motions of parts of the machine.
upward
4.8.3.3 Lifting operation
4.8.3.3.1 Stability
For lifting operation mode stability shall comply with EN 13000:2010+A1:2014, 4.1.2.6.
4.8.3.3.2 Verification
EN 474-1:2022, 4.12.7 does not apply.
Each cable excavator intended to be used in lifting operation mode shall be tested according to
EN 13000:2010+A1:2014, 5.2.
If suitable methods ensure (e.g. quality management system) that the manufactured machines comply
with the tested prototype, it is not necessary to test every machine individually and verification methods
according to 5.1 of EN 13000:2010+A1:2014 apply.
4.8.3.4 Dragline bucket
The rated lift capacity for cable excavators in dragline bucket application shall be determined either by:
a) 75 % of the tipping load P as calculated according to 4.8.2, or
tip
b) maximum winch lift capacity
whichever is less.
The mass and the volumetric rating of the bucket and the density of the material have to be taken into
account when a bucket is designed/selected for a specific application.
12
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4.8.3.5 Grab and front shovel
The rated lift capacity for cable excavators in grab and front shovel application shall be determined either
by:
a) 66 % of the tipping load Ptip as calculated according to 4.8.2, or
b) maximum winch lift capacity
whichever is less.
The volumetric rating of the front shovel shall be determined according to ISO 7546:1983.
The mass and the volumetric rating of the front shovel and the grab as well as the density of the material
have to be taken into account where these attachments are designed/selected for a specific application.
4.9 Excavator operation
4.9.1 Holding brake
The lift system of cable excavators shall be fitted with a brake, which actuates immediately after releasing
operational controls (e.g. levers or pedals) or in case of loss of energy.
The holding brake for hoisting and for derricking systems operated by winches shall be able to exert a
restraining torque at least 33 % greater than the maximum torque transmitted from the rope drum to
the brake under working or erection conditions, whichever is greater.
4.9.2 Limiting devices
4.9.2.1 Limit switch for the boom hoist system
The boom hoist system of cable excavators shall be equipped with a limiting switch to stop the movement
at the maximum allowable boom upper position/angle. Boom lowering shall be possible after actuation
of this limiting switch.
4.9.2.2 Limit switch for unwinding of the hoisting winch
All cable excavators shall be fitted with a limit switch for unwinding the hoisting winch(es). As a minimum
the limit switch shall ensure three revolutions of rope on the drum. Temporary deactivation of the limit
switch shall only be possib
...
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
oSIST prEN 474-12:2017
01-junij-2017
Stroji za zemeljska dela - Varnost - 12. del: Zahteve za bagre s kablom
Earth-moving machinery - Safety - Part 12: Requirements for cable excavators
Engins de terrassement - Sécurité - Partie 12 : Prescriptions applicables aux pelles à
câbles
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: prEN 474-12
ICS:
53.100 Stroji za zemeljska dela Earth-moving machinery
oSIST prEN 474-12:2017 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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oSIST prEN 474-12:2017
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oSIST prEN 474-12:2017
DRAFT
EUROPEAN STANDARD
prEN 474-12
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
March 2017
ICS 53.100 Will supersede EN 474-12:2006+A1:2008
English Version
Earth-moving machinery - Safety - Part 12: Requirements
for cable excavators
Engins de terrassement - Sécurité - Partie 12 :
Prescriptions applicables aux pelles à câbles
This draft European Standard is submitted to CEN members for enquiry. It has been drawn up by the Technical Committee
CEN/TC 151.
If this draft becomes a European Standard, CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations
which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.
This draft European Standard was established by CEN in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other
language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC
Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,
Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland,
Turkey and United Kingdom.
Recipients of this draft are invited to submit, with their comments, notification of any relevant patent rights of which they are
aware and to provide supporting documentation.
Warning : This document is not a European Standard. It is distributed for review and comments. It is subject to change without
notice and shall not be referred to as a European Standard.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels
© 2017 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. prEN 474-12:2017 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
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prEN 474-12:2017 (E)
Contents Page
European foreword . 4
Introduction . 5
1 Scope . 6
2 Normative references . 6
3 Terms and definitions . 7
4 List of additional significant hazards . 8
5 Safety requirements and/or measures . 8
5.1 General . 8
5.2 Operator's station . 8
5.2.1 General . 8
5.2.2 Roll-over protective structures (ROPS) . 8
5.2.3 Operator's protective guard . 8
5.2.4 Operator's seat, vibrations . 9
5.2.5 Visibility on stabilizers . 9
5.3 Operator's controls and indicators . 9
5.3.1 Controls for driving and steering . 9
5.3.2 Operating mode . 9
5.4 Swing brakes . 9
5.5 Lift system . 9
5.5.1 Lifting and lowering operation . 9
5.5.2 Free-fall . 10
5.5.3 Boom . 13
5.5.4 Ropes, rope drum, rope pulley . 13
5.6 Limiting devices . 14
5.6.1 Limiting and indicating device for the lifting operation mode . 14
5.6.2 Limit switch for the boom hoist system . 14
5.7 Stability . 14
5.7.1 General . 14
5.7.2 Calculation of tipping load . 15
5.7.3 Stability in different applications. 15
5.8 Requirements of safety related parts of the control system . 17
5.9 Cable excavator with electrical power source . 17
5.10 Maintenance . 17
5.10.1 General . 17
5.10.2 Control of winches when changing ropes . 17
5.11 Access to operating positions, intervention and servicing points . 17
6 Verification . 17
7 Information for use . 19
7.1 Operator’s manual . 19
Annex A (normative) List of additional significant hazards – Cable excavators . 21
Annex B (normative) Requirements for cable excavator swing brakes . 23
B.1 General . 23
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B.2 Terms and definitions . 23
B.3 Minimum performance . 24
B.3.1 Swing drive system . 24
B.3.2 Swing service brake . 24
B.3.3 Swing parking brake . 25
B.4 Conditions for testing the swing service brake . 25
B.5 Test report . 25
Annex C (informative) Illustrations . 26
C.1 Standard applications . 26
C.1.1 Crawler type cable excavator with lifting equipment . 26
C.1.2 Crawler type cable excavator with dragline equipment . 27
C.1.3 Crawler type cable excavator with grab equipment . 27
C.2 Special applications . 27
C.2.1 Crawler type cable excavator with hole drilling equipment (casing oscillator) . 28
C.2.2 Crawler type cable excavator with piling equipment (hydraulic or diesel hammer) . 29
C.2.3 Crawler type excavator with wall cutter equipment (diaphragm wall grab) . 30
C.3 Wheel type cable excavator in transport position for road travelling . 30
Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the essential
requirements of Directive 2006/42/EC machinery, and amending
Directive 95/16/EC (recast) [2006 L157] aimed to be covered . 31
Bibliography . 32
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prEN 474-12:2017 (E)
European foreword
This document (prEN 474-12:2017) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 151
“Construction equipment and building material machines - Safety”, the secretariat of which is held by
DIN.
This document is currently submitted to the CEN Enquiry.
This document will supersede EN 474-12:2006+A1:2008.
This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the
European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s).
For relationship with EU Directive(s), see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this
document.
For bibliographic references, see prEN 474-1:2017.
EN 474 "Earth-moving machinery — Safety" comprises the following parts:
— Part 1: General requirements
— Part 2: Requirements for tractor-dozers
— Part 3: Requirements for loaders
— Part 4: Requirements for backhoe-loaders
— Part 5: Requirements for hydraulic excavators
— Part 6: Requirements for dumpers
— Part 7: Requirements for scrapers
— Part 8: Requirements for graders
— Part 9: Requirements for pipelayers
— Part 10: Requirements for trenchers
— Part 11: Requirements for earth and landfill compactors
— Part 12: Requirements for cable excavators
— Part 13: Requirements for rollers
This European Standard is intended for use in combination with part 1 of the series.
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Introduction
This part of prEN 474 is a type C standard as stated in EN ISO 12100:2010.
The machinery concerned and the extent to which hazards, hazardous situations and events are covered
are indicated in the scope of this European Standard.
When provisions of this type C standard are different from those stated in type A or B standards, the
provisions of this type C standard take precedence over the provisions of the other standards, for
machines that have been designed and built according to the provisions of this type C standard.
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1 Scope
This document, together with part 1, deals with all significant hazards for earth-moving machinery –
cable-excavators (as defined in EN ISO 6165) when they are used as intended and under the conditions
of misuse which are reasonably foreseeable by the manufacturer associated with the whole life time of
the machine (see Clause 4).
This European Standard applies also to cable excavators, their undercarriage and upper-structure, if
intended for use in combination with other equipment or attachment, such as lifting operation, extracting
equipment and moving equipment (e.g. rail track, walking legs, pontoon, ship) or stationary
undercarriage. Drilling and foundation equipment (covered by EN 16228-1:2014 to EN 16228-7:2014)
are not dealt with in this standard.
The requirements of this part are complementary to the common requirements formulated in
prEN 474-1. This document does not repeat the requirements from prEN 474-1, but adds or replaces the
requirements for application for earth moving machinery – cable-excavators.
This European Standard is not applicable to cable excavators manufactured before the date of publication
of this European Standard by CEN.
2 Normative references
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are
indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated
references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
prEN 474-1:2017, Earth-moving machinery — Safety — Part 1: General requirements
EN 16228-1:2014, Drilling and foundation equipment — Safety — Part 1: Common requirements
EN 13000:2010+A1:2014, Cranes — Mobile cranes
EN 60204-32:2008, Safety of machinery — Electrical equipment of machines — Part 32: Requirements for
hoisting machines
EN ISO 6165:2012, Earth-moving machinery — Basic types — Identification and terms and definitions (ISO
6165:2012)
EN ISO 7096:2008, Earth moving machinery — Laboratory evaluation of operator seat vibration (ISO
7096:2000)
EN ISO 12100:2010, Safety of machinery — General principles for design — Risk assessment and risk
reduction (ISO 12100:2010)
EN ISO 13849-1:2015, Safety of machinery — Safety-related parts of control systems — Part 1: General
principles for design (ISO 13849-1:2015)
ISO 7546:1983, Earth-moving machinery — Loader and front loading excavator buckets — Volumetric
ratings
ISO 10262:1998, Earth-moving machinery — Hydraulic excavators — Laboratory tests and performance
requirements for operator protective guards
ISO 10567:2007, Earth-moving machinery — Hydraulic excavators — Lift capacity
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3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in prEN 474-1:2017,
EN ISO 12100:2010 and the following apply.
Note 1 to entry: Terminology for hydraulic excavators are specified in ISO 7135:2009 and illustrated in Annex C
of this European Standard.
Note 2 to entry: Definitions used in EN and ISO standards referred to in this European Standard are also valid for
this document.
3.1
cable excavator
excavator (see EN ISO 6165:2012), having a mainly wire rope-operated upper structure primarily
designed for excavating (e.g. with a dragline bucket, a front shovel or grab), for compacting material (e.g.
with a compaction plate), for demolition work (e.g. by hook or ball) and for material handling with special
equipment and attachment
Note 1 to entry: Cable excavators are earth-moving machines designed and constructed for this purpose. The
determination of the intended use by the machine manufacturer is significant for classification. Terms such as e.g.
“heavy duty crawler-crane” do not change the intended use determined by the machine manufacturer.
3.2
boom hoist system
consists of the boom and its adjustment mechanism, (e.g. lower-, intermediate- and head-section, the A-
frame system and the boom hoist winch system, hydraulic-mechanical adjustment mechanism)
3.3
lift system
consists of the main winch system used for earth-moving-, demolition-, compaction- and lifting operation
(e. g. with hook assembly) application
3.4
lifting and lowering operation
lifting and lowering of a load without disengaging the lifting drum and the lift drive system
3.5
free-fall
state of complete or partially controlled disengagement of the lifting drum and the lift drive system
3.6
free-fall function
function to enable free-fall
3.7
free-fall operation
state of the machine in which the free fall function can be activated
3.8
free-fall brake
mechanism where the drive can be disconnected from the drum
3.9
line pull
pulling force applied to a rope/cable
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3.10
slow-release device
release of the load is made by a device in the machine and not directly linked to the released part of the
load
Note 1 to entry: e.g. disengagement of the free fall system of the machine
3.11
quick-release device
release of the load is made by a device directly linked to the released part of the load
Note 1 to entry: e.g. mechanical unlock of the lifted load
3.12
hoisting ropes
ropes designed to lift the load, mainly in vertical direction
3.13
digging ropes
ropes designed to pull the load, located on the ground (e.g. dragline bucket), mainly in horizontal/not
vertical direction
4 List of additional significant hazards
See Annex A.
NOTE Annex A (normative) contains all the significant hazards, hazardous situations and events, as far as they
are dealt with in this European Standard, identified by risk assessment as significant for this type of machinery and
which require action to eliminate or reduce the risk.
5 Safety requirements and/or measures
5.1 General
Cable excavators shall comply with the requirements of prEN 474-1:2017, as far as not modified or
replaced by the requirements of this part.
5.2 Operator's station
5.2.1 General
prEN 474-1:2017, 5.3 shall apply with the following modifications:
5.2.2 Roll-over protective structures (ROPS)
prEN 474-1:2017, 5.3.3 does not apply for cable excavators.
5.2.3 Operator's protective guard
prEN 474-1:2017, 5.3.4 shall be replaced by the following:
Cable excavators shall be designed so that an operator’s protective structure (top and front guard) can
be fitted.
A protective structure (top and front guard) shall be offered by the manufacturer and selected by the user
according to the existing risk of the application. The protective structures shall be in accordance with
ISO 10262:1998 (see Clause 7).
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5.2.4 Operator's seat, vibrations
prEN 474-1:2017, 5.4.1.4 shall apply with the following additions:
The seat shall meet the requirements of EN ISO 7096:2008, the input spectral class shall meet the class
EM 6 for the test excitation vibrations.
5.2.5 Visibility on stabilizers
Control devices (except remote controls) for extending/retracting the stabilizers (e.g. outriggers,
retractable crawlers) beams shall be in a position or provided with means where the movements of the
stabilizers can clearly be seen by the operator and from where crushing of the operator is not possible.
If the horizontal movement of the stabilizers is controlled from a fixed control on the ground level, it shall
only be possible to affect that movement on the side where the controls are situated.
5.3 Operator's controls and indicators
5.3.1 Controls for driving and steering
prEN 474-1:2017, 5.5.1 d) and 5.6.1 shall apply with the following addition:
The movements of the controls for driving and steering do not need to correspond to the intended
direction of movement if the upper structure is not in the normal driving direction.
5.3.2 Operating mode
Cable excavators intended for use in different modes shall be fitted with a lockable operating mode
selector for at least:
a) excavator operation mode;
NOTE Excavator operation mode may include e.g. excavating, compaction, demolition.
b) lifting operation mode.
The activation of the selected operation mode shall be optically indicated at the operator's station(s).
5.4 Swing brakes
Cable excavators shall be equipped with swing service and swing parking brake systems, which shall
meet the performance requirements as defined in Annex B.
5.5 Lift system
5.5.1 Lifting and lowering operation
The lift system of cable excavators shall be fitted with a brake, which actuates immediately after releasing
operational controls (e.g. levers or pedals).
In case of loss of energy during the lifting and lowering operation, the brake system shall act
automatically.
The stability of the machine shall not be put at risk during this operation and the structure (e.g. boom,
rope) shall not permanently deform.
The holding brake for hoisting and for derricking systems operated by winches shall be able to
exert a restraining torque at least 33 % greater than the maximum torque transmitted from the rope
drum to the brake under working or erection conditions, whichever is greater.
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Where the drive can be disconnected from the drum (e.g. by free fall brake) free fall of the load and/or
parts of the cable excavator shall be avoided by adequate means (e.g. interlocking arrangement).
5.5.2 Free-fall
5.5.2.1 General
The free fall system shall be designed that an uncontrolled run-up or run-off of the rope is avoided, e.g.
by a rope guide.
There shall be a specific lockable selector (e.g. could be integrated in the mode selector according to 5.3.2)
to enable/disable the free-fall operation.
NOTE Either one selector for all winches or one selector per winch.
If the lifting operation mode is selected, the control system shall be designed in such a way that the free-
fall function is not possible to be activated.
The procedure of free-fall operation and the activation is shown in Figure 1 and described in 5.5.2.3 to
5.5.2.5.
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Table 1 — Free-fall operation and activation procedure
5.5.2.2 Free fall brake
The lift system of cable excavators shall be fitted with a free fall brake.
The control of the free fall brake shall only be possible when the free-fall function is activated.
The free fall brake shall be designed that a dynamic load and a proportional actuation is possible.
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5.5.2.3 Activation/deactivation of free fall operation
There shall be no lowering at activating/deactivating the free-fall function.
The selector for the function "free-fall operation" shall be lockable and clearly identified.
The free fall function can be with an automatic deactivation or manual deactivation.
NOTE This can be realized by a separate control or integrated in the selector of the free fall function.
5.5.2.4 Manual free-fall operation
5.5.2.4.1 General
Manual free-fall operation shall only be possible for following conditions:
— free-fall operation is selected (see 5.5.2.1);
— free-fall function is activated.
The free-fall brake shall be activated immediately after:
— corresponding activation of the pedal control,
or
— release of controls (not for 5.5.2.4.3 Manual deactivation of free-fall function).
Activation of free-fall function shall only be possible by actuation of two independent controls
simultaneously (e.g. pedals and additional control).
Triggering after activation of the free-fall function shall be done by a separate control (e.g. by releasing
the pedals).
5.5.2.4.2 Automatic deactivation of free-fall function
Free-fall function is deactivated automatically for following conditions:
— hoist winch stands still,
and
— moving the control for winch to lifting position.
5.5.2.4.3 Manual deactivation of free-fall function
Free-fall function has to be deactivated manually by operator.
Triggering of free-fall after lifting can be done by the following options:
— automatic (triggering of free-fall will start automatically when returning the control for lifting to
neutral position),
or
— manual (triggering of free-fall will start by actuation by the operator after returning the control for
lifting to neutral position).
NOTE Triggering of free-fall will start by actuation by the operator can be done e.g. by releasing the brake
pedal.
The manual deactivation of the free-fall function shall be clearly indicated at the operator’s station.
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5.5.2.5 Automatic free fall operation for compacting materials
When a cable excavator is fitted with an automatic cycle mode, including free-fall operation (e.g. ramming
operations with a compaction plate), the activation of the automatic cycle mode shall be possible only
after selecting free-fall operation mode.
The cable excavator shall be equipped with a system to control the automatic cycle mode.
The control system shall be designed to:
— operate repeated and continuous ramming cycles, according to a sequence set by the operator;
— control the cycles (lifting, free fall, braking);
— automatically stop the operations when the initiated sequence has been completed;
— stop the initiated sequence when a fault or an abnormal behaviour is detected.
The control system shall not stop the cycle during the free fall.
If the automatic cycle is deactivated by an emergency stop or a device according to 5.3.1, the cycle shall
not be stopped during the free-fall.
Resetting, after a fault occurred in part of the control system, shall not restart the automatic operation.
Restarting of the automatic operation shall only be possible by an intentional action by the operator.
5.5.3 Boom
The boom of cable excavators shall be secured against repulsing in case of a sudden release of the load.
The connection (bolts) of the boom-pieces shall be so designed that mounting and disassembling can be
made without the need for a person staying under the boom.
5.5.4 Ropes, rope drum, rope pulley
5.5.4.1 General
The rope drum and rope pulley shall be built and designed so that trip-out of the rope is avoided when
used as intended.
There shall always remain at least three revolutions of rope on the winch drum.
5.5.4.2 Ropes
The ropes of cable excavators shall have safety factors according to Table 1.
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Table 1 — Safety factors of ropes
all modes hoisting or digging Boom holding ropes
of closing ropes
Operation with load Lifting the boom
operation, ropes
connected without load
except
lifting running stationary running stationary
mode and ropes rop
...
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