SIST EN ISO 14692-3:2017
(Main)Petroleum and natural gas industries - Glass-reinforced plastics (GRP) piping - Part 3: System design (ISO 14692-3:2017)
Petroleum and natural gas industries - Glass-reinforced plastics (GRP) piping - Part 3: System design (ISO 14692-3:2017)
This document gives guidelines for the design of GRP piping systems. The requirements and
recommendations apply to layout dimensions, hydraulic design, structural design, detailing, fire
endurance, spread of fire and emissions and control of electrostatic discharge.
This document is intended to be read in conjunction with ISO 14692-1.
Erdöl- und Erdgasindustrie - Glasfaserverstärkte Kunststoffrohrleitungen (GFK) - Teil 3: Systemauslegung (ISO 14692-3:2017)
Industries du pétrole et du gaz naturel - Canalisations en plastique renforcé de verre (PRV) - Partie 3: Conception des systèmes (ISO 14692-3:2017)
ISO 14692-3:2017 donne des lignes directrices pour la conception des systèmes de tuyauteries en PRV. Les exigences et recommandations s'appliquent aux dimensions d'implantation, à la conception hydraulique, à la conception de la structure, aux détails, à l'endurance au feu, à la propagation du feu et aux émissions et au contrôle des décharges électrostatiques.
ISO 14692-3.2017 est destiné à être lu de pair avec l'ISO 14692‑1.
Industrija za predelavo nafte in zemeljskega plina - S steklenimi vlakni ojačeni polimerni cevovodi (GRP) - 3. del: Načrtovanje sistema (ISO 14692-3:2017)
Ta dokument podaja smernice za načrtovanje s steklenimi vlakni ojačenih polimernih cevovodnih sistemov. Zahteve in priporočila se uporabljajo za določanje dimenzij, načrtovanje hidravličnih sistemov, načrtovanje konstrukcij, odpornost na ogenj, razširjanje ognja in emisij ter nadzor elektrostatične razelektritve.
Ta dokument je treba uporabljati v povezavi s standardom ISO 14692-1.
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST EN ISO 14692-3:2017
01-november-2017
1DGRPHãþD
SIST EN ISO 14692-3:2004
SIST EN ISO 14692-3:2004/AC:2007
,QGXVWULMD]DSUHGHODYRQDIWHLQ]HPHOMVNHJDSOLQD6VWHNOHQLPLYODNQLRMDþHQL
SROLPHUQLFHYRYRGL *53 GHO 1DþUWRYDQMHVLVWHPD ,62
Petroleum and natural gas industries - Glass-reinforced plastics (GRP) piping - Part 3:
System design (ISO 14692-3:2017)
Erdöl- und Erdgasindustrie - Glasfaserverstärkte Kunststoffrohrleitungen (GFK) - Teil 3:
Systemauslegung (ISO 14692-3:2017)
Industries du pétrole et du gaz naturel - Canalisations en plastique renforcé de verre
(PRV) - Partie 3: Conception des systèmes (ISO 14692-3:2017)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN ISO 14692-3:2017
ICS:
75.200 2SUHPD]DVNODGLãþHQMH Petroleum products and
QDIWHQDIWQLKSURL]YRGRYLQ natural gas handling
]HPHOMVNHJDSOLQD equipment
83.140.30 3ROLPHUQHFHYLLQILWLQJL]D Plastics pipes and fittings for
VQRYLNLQLVRWHNRþLQH non fluid use
SIST EN ISO 14692-3:2017 en
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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SIST EN ISO 14692-3:2017
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SIST EN ISO 14692-3:2017
EN ISO 14692-3
EUROPEAN STANDARD
NORME EUROPÉENNE
September 2017
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 75.200; 83.140.30 Supersedes EN ISO 14692-3:2002
English Version
Petroleum and natural gas industries - Glass-reinforced
plastics (GRP) piping - Part 3: System design (ISO 14692-
3:2017)
Industries du pétrole et du gaz naturel - Canalisations Erdöl- und Erdgasindustrie - Glasfaserverstärkte
en plastique renforcé de verre (PRV) - Partie 3: Kunststoffrohrleitungen (GFK) - Teil 3:
Conception des systèmes (ISO 14692-3:2017) Systemauslegung (ISO 14692-3:2017)
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 22 June 2017.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this
European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references
concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN
member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,
Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland,
Turkey and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels
© 2017 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN ISO 14692-3:2017 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
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SIST EN ISO 14692-3:2017
EN ISO 14692-3:2017 (E)
Contents Page
European foreword . 3
2
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SIST EN ISO 14692-3:2017
EN ISO 14692-3:2017 (E)
European foreword
This document (EN ISO 14692-3:2017) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 67
"Materials, equipment and offshore structures for petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries"
in collaboration with Technical Committee CEN/TC 12 “Materials, equipment and offshore structures
for petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries” the secretariat of which is held by NEN.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by March 2018 and conflicting national standards shall be
withdrawn at the latest by March 2018.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This document supersedes EN ISO 14692-3:2002.
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the
following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria,
Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia,
France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta,
Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland,
Turkey and the United Kingdom.
Endorsement notice
The text of ISO 14692-3:2017 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 14692-3:2017 without any
modification.
3
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SIST EN ISO 14692-3:2017
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SIST EN ISO 14692-3:2017
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 14692-3
Second edition
2017-08
Petroleum and natural gas
industries — Glass-reinforced plastics
(GRP) piping —
Part 3:
System design
Industries du pétrole et du gaz naturel — Canalisations en plastique
renforcé de verre (PRV) —
Partie 3: Conception des systèmes
Reference number
ISO 14692-3:2017(E)
©
ISO 2017
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SIST EN ISO 14692-3:2017
ISO 14692-3:2017(E)
COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT
© ISO 2017, Published in Switzerland
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form
or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior
written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISO’s member body in the country of
the requester.
ISO copyright office
Ch. de Blandonnet 8 • CP 401
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva, Switzerland
Tel. +41 22 749 01 11
Fax +41 22 749 09 47
copyright@iso.org
www.iso.org
ii © ISO 2017 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 8 ----------------------
SIST EN ISO 14692-3:2017
ISO 14692-3:2017(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .v
Introduction .vi
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 2
3 Terms and definitions . 3
4 Layout requirements . 3
4.1 General . 3
4.2 Space requirements . 4
4.3 System supports. 4
4.3.1 General. 4
4.3.2 Pipe-support contact surface . 5
4.4 Isolation and access for cleaning . 5
4.5 Vulnerability . 5
4.5.1 Point loads . 5
4.5.2 Abuse. 5
4.5.3 Dynamic excitation and interaction with adjacent equipment and piping . 6
4.5.4 Exposure to light and ultraviolet radiation . 6
4.5.5 Low temperatures and requirements for insulation . 6
4.6 Fire and blast . 6
5 Hydraulic design . 7
5.1 General . 7
5.2 Flow characteristics . 7
5.3 General velocity limitations . 7
5.4 Erosion . 8
5.4.1 General. 8
5.4.2 Particulate content . 8
5.4.3 Piping configuration . 8
5.4.4 Cavitation . 8
5.5 Water hammer . 8
6 Generation of design envelopes . 9
6.1 Partial factors . 9
6.1.1 Design life . 9
6.1.2 Chemical degradation . 9
6.1.3 Fatigue and cyclic loading . 9
6.2 Part factor, f .
2 10
6.3 Combinations of part factor and partial factors .11
6.4 Design envelope .11
7 Stress analysis .13
7.1 Analysis methods .13
7.2 Pipe stress analysis software .14
7.3 Analysis requirements .14
7.4 Flexibility factors . .14
7.5 Stress intensification factors .14
7.6 Modelling fittings .15
7.7 Allowable deflections .15
7.7.1 Vertical deflection in aboveground piping systems .15
7.7.2 Vertical deflection in buried piping systems .15
7.8 Allowable stresses .16
7.9 External pressure .19
7.10 Axial compressive loading (buckling) .20
7.10.1 Shell buckling .20
7.10.2 Euler buckling .20
© ISO 2017 – All rights reserved iii
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SIST EN ISO 14692-3:2017
ISO 14692-3:2017(E)
7.10.3 Buckling pressure — Buried piping .21
7.10.4 Upheaval buckling pressure .22
7.11 Longitudinal pressure expansion .23
8 Other design aspects .23
8.1 Fire . .23
8.1.1 General.23
8.1.2 Fire endurance .24
8.1.3 Fire reaction .24
8.1.4 Fire-protective coatings .25
8.2 Static electricity .25
9 Installer and operator documentation.26
Annex A (normative) Cyclic de-rating factor — A .27
3
Annex B (normative) Flexibility factors and stress intensification factors .29
Bibliography .36
iv © ISO 2017 – All rights reserved
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SIST EN ISO 14692-3:2017
ISO 14692-3:2017(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation on the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the
World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following
URL: www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 14692-3:2002), which has been
technically revised. It also incorporates the Technical Corrigendum ISO 14692-3:2002/Cor 1:2005.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 67, Materials, equipment and offshore
structures for petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries, Subcommittee SC 6, Processing
equipment and systems.
A list of all the parts of ISO 14692 can be found on the ISO website.
© ISO 2017 – All rights reserved v
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SIST EN ISO 14692-3:2017
ISO 14692-3:2017(E)
Introduction
The objective of this document is to ensure that piping systems, when designed using the components
qualified in ISO 14692-2, will meet the specified performance requirements. These piping systems are
designed for use in oil and natural gas industry processing and utility service applications. The main
users of the document will be the principal, design contractors, suppliers contracted to do the design,
certifying authorities and government agencies.
vi © ISO 2017 – All rights reserved
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SIST EN ISO 14692-3:2017
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 14692-3:2017(E)
Petroleum and natural gas industries — Glass-reinforced
plastics (GRP) piping —
Part 3:
System design
1 Scope
This document gives guidelines for the design of GRP piping systems. The requirements and
recommendations apply to layout dimensions, hydraulic design, structural design, detailing, fire
endurance, spread of fire and emissions and control of electrostatic discharge.
This document is intended to be read in conjunction with ISO 14692-1.
Guidance on the use of this document can be found in Figure 1, which is a more detailed flowchart of
steps 5 and 6 in ISO 14692-1:2017, Figure 1.
© ISO 2017 – All rights reserved 1
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SIST EN ISO 14692-3:2017
ISO 14692-3:2017(E)
Figure 1 — Guidance on the use of this document
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 14692-1:2017, Petroleum and natural gas industries — Glass-reinforced plastics (GRP) piping — Part 1:
Vocabulary, symbols, applications and materials
2 © ISO 2017 – All rights reserved
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SIST EN ISO 14692-3:2017
ISO 14692-3:2017(E)
ISO 14692-2:2017, Petroleum and natural gas industries — Glass-reinforced plastics (GRP) piping — Part 2:
Qualification and manufacture
ASTM D2992, Standard Practice for Obtaining Hydrostatic or Pressure Design Basis for Fiberglass (Glass-
Fiber-Reinforced Thermosetting-Resin) Pipe and Fittings
ASTM D2412, Standard Test Method for Determination of External Loading Characteristics of Plastic Pipe
by Parallel-Plate Loading
AWWA Manual M45, Fiberglass pipe design
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms, definitions, symbols and abbreviated terms given in
ISO 14692-1 apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at http://www.iso.org/obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at http://www.electropedia.org/
4 Layout requirements
4.1 General
GRP products are proprietary and the choice of component sizes, fittings and material types can be
limited depending on the supplier. Potential vendors should be identified early in design to determine
possible limitations of component availability. The level of engineering support that can be provided by
the supplier should also be a key consideration during vendor selection.
Where possible, piping systems should maximize the use of prefabricated spoolpieces to minimize
the amount of site work. Overall spool dimensions should be sized taking into account the following
considerations:
— limitations of site transport and handling equipment;
— installation and erection limitations;
— limitations caused by the necessity to allow a fitting tolerance for installation (“cut to fit”
requirements).
The designer shall evaluate system layout requirements in relation to the properties of proprietary
piping systems available from manufacturers, including but not limited to the following:
a) axial thermal expansion requirements;
b) ultraviolet radiation and weathering resistance requirements;
c) component dimensions;
d) jointing system requirements;
e) support requirements;
f) provision for isolation for maintenance purposes;
g) connections between modules and decks;
h) flexing during lifting of modules;
© ISO 2017 – All rights reserved 3
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SIST EN ISO 14692-3:2017
ISO 14692-3:2017(E)
i) ease of possible future repair and tie-ins;
j) vulnerability to risk of damage during installation and service;
k) fire performance;
l) control of electrostatic charge.
The hydrotest provides the most reliable means of assessing system integrity. Whenever possible, the
system should be designed to enable pressure testing to be performed on limited parts of the system
as soon as installation of those parts is complete. This is to avoid a final pressure test late in the
construction work of a large GRP piping system, when problems discovered at a late stage would have a
negative effect on the overall project schedule.
4.2 Space requirements
The designer shall take account of the larger space envelope of some GRP components compared to
steel. Some GRP fittings have longer lay lengths and are proportionally more bulky than the equivalent
metal component and may be difficult to accommodate within confined spaces. If appropriate, the
problem can be reduced by fabricating the pipework or piping as an integral spoolpiece in the factory
rather than assembling it from the individual pipe fittings.
If space is limited, consideration should be given to designing the system to optimize the attributes of
both GRP and metal components.
4.3 System supports
4.3.1 General
GRP piping systems can be supported using the same principles as those for metallic piping systems.
However, due to the proprietary nature of piping systems, standard-size supports will not necessarily
match the pipe outside diameters.
The following requirements and recommendations apply to the use of system supports.
a) Supports shall be spaced to avoid sag (excessive displacement over time) and/or excessive vibration
for the design life of the piping system.
b) In all cases, support design shall be in accordance with the manufacturer’s guidelines.
c) Where there are long runs, it is possible to use the low modulus of the material to accommodate
axial expansion and eliminate the need for expansion joints, provided the system is well anchored
and guided. In this case, the designer shall recognize that the axial expansion due to internal
pressure is now restrained and the corresponding thrust loads are partly transferred to the
anchors.
d) Valves or other heavy attached equipment shall be adequately and, if necessary, independently
supported. When evaluating valve weight, valve actuation torque shall also be considered.
NOTE Some valves are equipped with heavy control mechanisms located far from the pipe centreline
and can cause large bending and torsional loads.
e) GRP piping shall not be used to support other piping, unless agreed with the principal.
f) GRP piping shall be adequately supported to ensure that the attachment of hoses at locations such
as utility or loading stations does not result in the pipework being pulled in a manner that can
overstress the material.
Pipe supports can be categorized into those that permit movement and those that anchor the pipe.
4 © ISO 2017 – All rights reserved
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SIST EN ISO 14692-3:2017
ISO 14692-3:2017(E)
4.3.2 Pipe-support contact surface
The following requirements and recommendations apply to GRP piping support.
a) In all cases supports shall have sufficient length to support the piping without causing damage and
shall be lined with an elastomer or other suitable soft material.
b) Point loads shall be avoided. This can be accomplished b
...
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
oSIST prEN ISO 14692-3:2015
01-oktober-2015
,QGXVWULMD]DSUHGHODYRQDIWHLQ]HPHOMVNHJDSOLQD6VWHNOHQLPLYODNQLRMDþHQL
SROLPHUQLFHYRYRGL *53 GHO 1DþUWRYDQMHVLVWHPD ,62',6
Petroleum and natural gas industries - Glass-reinforced plastics (GRP) piping - Part 3:
System design (ISO/DIS 14692-3:2015)
Erdöl- und Erdgasindustrie - Glasfaserverstärkte Kunststoffrohrleitungen (GFK) - Teil 3:
Systemauslegung (ISO/DIS 14692-3:2015)
Industries du pétrole et du gaz naturel - Canalisations en plastique renforcé de verre
(PRV) - Partie 3: Conception des systèmes (ISO/DIS 14692-3:2015)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: prEN ISO 14692-3
ICS:
75.200 2SUHPD]DVNODGLãþHQMH Petroleum products and
QDIWHQDIWQLKSURL]YRGRYLQ natural gas handling
]HPHOMVNHJDSOLQD equipment
83.140.30 Cevi, fitingi in ventili iz Plastics pipes, fittings and
polimernih materialov valves
oSIST prEN ISO 14692-3:2015 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
oSIST prEN ISO 14692-3:2015
---------------------- Page: 2 ----------------------
oSIST prEN ISO 14692-3:2015
DRAFT INTERNATIONAL STANDARD
ISO/DIS 14692-3
ISO/TC 67/SC 6 Secretariat: AFNOR
Voting begins on: Voting terminates on:
2015-08-06 2015-11-06
Petroleum and natural gas industries — Glass-reinforced
plastics (GRP) piping —
Part 3:
System design
Industries du pétrole et du gaz naturel — Canalisations en plastique renforcé de verre (PRV) —
Partie 3: Conception des systèmes
ICS: 75.200; 83.140.30
ISO/CEN PARALLEL PROCESSING
This draft has been developed within the International Organization for
Standardization (ISO), and processed under the ISO lead mode of collaboration
as defined in the Vienna Agreement.
This draft is hereby submitted to the ISO member bodies and to the CEN member
bodies for a parallel five month enquiry.
Should this draft be accepted, a final draft, established on the basis of comments
received, will be submitted to a parallel two-month approval vote in ISO and
THIS DOCUMENT IS A DRAFT CIRCULATED
formal vote in CEN.
FOR COMMENT AND APPROVAL. IT IS
THEREFORE SUBJECT TO CHANGE AND MAY
NOT BE REFERRED TO AS AN INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD UNTIL PUBLISHED AS SUCH.
To expedite distribution, this document is circulated as received from the
IN ADDITION TO THEIR EVALUATION AS
committee secretariat. ISO Central Secretariat work of editing and text
BEING ACCEPTABLE FOR INDUSTRIAL,
composition will be undertaken at publication stage.
TECHNOLOGICAL, COMMERCIAL AND
USER PURPOSES, DRAFT INTERNATIONAL
STANDARDS MAY ON OCCASION HAVE TO
BE CONSIDERED IN THE LIGHT OF THEIR
POTENTIAL TO BECOME STANDARDS TO
WHICH REFERENCE MAY BE MADE IN
Reference number
NATIONAL REGULATIONS.
ISO/DIS 14692-3:2015(E)
RECIPIENTS OF THIS DRAFT ARE INVITED
TO SUBMIT, WITH THEIR COMMENTS,
NOTIFICATION OF ANY RELEVANT PATENT
RIGHTS OF WHICH THEY ARE AWARE AND TO
©
PROVIDE SUPPORTING DOCUMENTATION. ISO 2015
---------------------- Page: 3 ----------------------
oSIST prEN ISO 14692-3:2015
ISO/DIS 14692-3:2015(E)
COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT
© ISO 2015
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form
or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior
written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISO’s member body in the country of
the requester.
ISO copyright office
Case postale 56 • CH-1211 Geneva 20
Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11
Fax + 41 22 749 09 47
E-mail copyright@iso.org
Web www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2015 – All rights reserved
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oSIST prEN ISO 14692-3:2015
ISO/DIS 14692-3
ontents Page
Foreword . iv
Introduction . v
1 Scope . 1
2 Terms, definitions, symbols and abbreviated terms . 2
3 Layout requirements . 3
3.1 General . 3
3.2 Space requirements . 3
3.3 System supports . 4
3.4 Isolation and access for cleaning . 5
3.5 Vulnerability . 5
3.6 Fire and blast . 6
4 Hydraulic design . 7
4.1 General . 7
4.2 Flow characteristics . 7
4.3 General velocity limitations . 7
4.4 Erosion . 7
4.5 Water hammer . 8
5 Generation of design envelopes . 9
5.1 Partial factors . 9
5.2 Part factor, f . 10
2
5.3 Combinations of part factor and partial factors . 11
5.4 Design envelope . 11
6 Stress analysis . 13
6.1 Analysis methods . 14
6.2 Use of pipe stress analysis software . 14
6.3 Analysis requirements . 14
6.4 Flexibility factors . 15
6.5 Stress intensification factors . 15
6.6 Modeling fittings . 15
6.7 Allowable displacements . 15
6.8 Allowable stresses . 16
6.9 External pressure . 19
6.10 Axial compressive loading (buckling) . 20
6.11 Longitudinal pressure expansion . 22
7 Other design aspects . 23
7.1 Fire . 23
7.2 Static electricity . 25
8 Installer and operator documentation . 26
Annex A (informative) Flexibility factors and stress intensification factors . 27
Annex B (normative) A . 35
3
Bibliography . 37
© ISO 2015 – All rights reserved iii
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oSIST prEN ISO 14692-3:2015
ISO/DIS 14692-3
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies
(ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO
technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been
established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and
non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the
International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards
adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an
International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
ISO 14692-3 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 67, Materials, equipment and offshore structures
for petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries, Subcommittee SC 6, Processing equipment and
systems.
This second/third/. edition cancels and replaces the first/second/. edition (), [clause(s) / subclause(s) /
table(s) / figure(s) / annex(es)] of which [has / have] been technically revised.
ISO 14692 consists of the following parts, under the general title Petroleum and natural gas industries —
Glass-reinforced plastics (GRP) piping:
Part 3: System design
Part [n]:
Part [n+1]:
Part 1: Vocabulary, symbols, applications and materials
Part 2: Qualification and manufacture
Part 3: System design
Part 4: Fabrication, installation, inspection and maintenance
iv © ISO 2015 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 6 ----------------------
oSIST prEN ISO 14692-3:2015
ISO/DIS 14692-3
Introduction
The objective of this part of ISO 14692 is to ensure that piping systems, when designed using the components
qualified in ISO 14692-2, will meet the specified performance requirements. These piping systems are
designed for use in oil and natural gas industry processing and utility service applications. The main users of
the document will be the principal, design contractors, suppliers contracted to do the design, certifying
authorities and government agencies.
© ISO 2015 – All rights reserved v
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oSIST prEN ISO 14692-3:2015
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oSIST prEN ISO 14692-3:2015
DRAFT INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO/DIS 14692-3
Petroleum and natural gas industries — Glass-reinforced
plastics (GRP) piping — Part 3: System design
1 Scope
This part of ISO 14692 gives guidelines for the design of GRP piping systems. The requirements and
recommendations apply to layout dimensions, hydraulic design, structural design, detailing, fire endurance,
spread of fire and emissions and control of electrostatic discharge.
This part of ISO 14692 is intended to be read in conjunction with ISO 14692-1.
Guidance on the use of Part 3 can be found in Figure 1 which is a more detailed flowchart of steps 5 and 6 in
Figure 1 of Part 1.
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Review layout (clause 3)
Conduct hydraulic design (clause
4)
Collect data from Part 2 (Part 2,
clause 3)
Determine f . Generate the
2
design envelopes (clause 5)
Conduct the stress analysis
(clause 6)
Verify the stresses and
deflections are within allowables
(clauses 6.7 and 6.8)
Verify other loads (buckling
loads, external pressure) (clauses
6.9 and 6.10)
Verify fire performance and
static electricity requirements
(clause 7)
Figure 1 – Guidance on the use of Part 3
2 Terms, definitions, symbols and abbreviated terms
For the purposes of this document, the terms, definitions, symbols and abbreviated terms given in ISO 14692-
1 apply.
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3 Layout requirements
3.1 General
GRP products are proprietary, and the choice of component sizes, fittings and material types may be limited
depending on the supplier. Potential vendors should be identified early in design to determine possible
limitations of component availability. The level of engineering support that can be provided by the supplier
should also be a key consideration during vendor selection.
Where possible, piping systems should maximize the use of prefabricated spoolpieces to minimize the amount
of site work. Overall spool dimensions should be sized taking the following into consideration:
limitations of site transport and handling equipment;
installation and erection limitations;
limitations caused by the necessity to allow a fitting tolerance for installation (“cut to fit” requirements).
The designer shall evaluate system layout requirements in relation to the properties of proprietary pipe
systems available from manufacturers, including but not limited to:
a) axial thermal expansion requirements;
b) ultraviolet radiation and weathering resistance requirements;
c) component dimensions;
d) jointing system requirements;
e) support requirements;
f) provision for isolation for maintenance purposes;
g) connections between modules and decks;
h) flexing during lifting of modules;
i) ease of possible future repair and tie-ins;
j) vulnerability to risk of damage during installation and service;
k) fire performance;
l) control of electrostatic charge.
The hydrotest provides the most reliable means of assessing system integrity. Whenever possible, the system
should be designed to enable pressure testing to be performed on limited parts of the system as soon as
installation of those parts is complete. This is to avoid a final pressure test late in the construction work of a
large GRP pipe system, when problems discovered at a late stage would have a negative effect on the overall
project schedule.
3.2 Space requirements
The designer shall take account of the larger space envelope of some GRP components compared to steel.
Some GRP fittings have longer lay lengths and are proportionally more bulky than the equivalent metal
component and may be difficult to accommodate within confined spaces. If appropriate, the problem can be
reduced by fabricating the pipework as an integral spoolpiece in the factory rather than assembling it from the
individual pipe fittings.
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If space is limited, consideration should be given to designing the system to optimize the attributes of both
GRP and metal components.
3.3 System supports
3.3.1 General
GRP piping systems can be supported using the same principles as those for metallic piping systems.
However, due to the proprietary nature of piping systems, standard-size supports will not necessarily match
the pipe outside diameters.
The following requirements and recommendations apply to the use of system supports.
a) Supports shall be spaced to avoid sag (excessive displacement over time) and/or excessive vibration for
the design life of the piping system.
b) In all cases, support design should be in accordance with the manufacturer’s guidelines.
c) Where there are long runs, it is possible to use the low modulus of the material to accommodate axial
expansion and eliminate the need for expansion joints, provided the system is well anchored and guided.
In this case, the designer should recognize that the axial expansion due to internal pressure is now
restrained and the corresponding thrust loads are partly transferred to the anchors.
d) Valves or other heavy attached equipment shall be adequately and, if necessary, independently
supported. When evaluating valve weight, valve actuation torque shall also be considered.
NOTE Some valves are equipped with heavy control mechanisms located far from the pipe centreline and can cause
large bending and torsional loads.
e) GRP pipe shall not be used to support other piping, unless agreed with the principal.
f) GRP piping should be adequately supported to ensure that the attachment of hoses at locations such as
utility or loading stations does not result in the pipe being pulled in a manner that could overstress the
material.
Pipe supports can be categorized into those that permit movement and those that anchor the pipe.
3.3.2 Pipe-support contact surface
The following guidelines to GRP piping support should be followed.
a) Supports in all cases should have sufficient length to support the piping without causing damage and
should be lined with an elastomer or other suitable soft material.
b) Point loads should be avoided. This can be accomplished by using supports with at least 60 degrees of
contact.
c) Clamping forces, where applied, should be such that crushing of the pipe does not occur. Local crushing
can result from a poor fit and all-round crushing can result from over-tightening.
d) Supports should be preferably located on plain-pipe sections rather than at fittings or joints. One
exception to this is the use of a "dummy leg" support directly on an elbow or tee (or piece of pipe).
Consideration shall be given to the support conditions of fire-protected GRP piping. Supports placed on the
outside of fire protection could result in loads irregularly transmitted through the coating, which could result in
shear/crushing damage and consequent loss of support integrity. Supports in direct contact with intumescent
coatings may also alter the performance of the coating (i.e. prevent expansion of the coating under fire). This
may require application of intumescent coatings to the pipe support itself in order to protect the pipe at the
hanger or pipe support.
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Pipe resting in fixed supports that permit pipe movement shall have abrasion protection in the form of saddles,
elastomeric materials or sheet metal.
Anchor supports shall be capable of transferring the required axial loads to the pipe without causing
overstress of the GRP pipe material. Anchor clamps are recommended to be placed between either a) a thrust
collar laminated to the outer surface of the pipe or b) two double 180° saddles, adhesive-bonded to the outer
surface of the pipe. The manufacturer’s standard saddles are recommended and shall be bonded using
standard procedures.
3.4 Isolation and access for cleaning
The designer should make provision for isolation and easy access for maintenance purposes, for example for
removal of scale and blockages in drains. The joint to be used for isolation or access should be shown at the
design stage and should be located in a position where the flanges can in practice be jacked apart, e.g. it
should not be in a short run of pipe between two anchors.
3.5 Vulnerability
3.5.1 Point loads
Point loads should be minimized and the GRP piping locally reinforced where necessary.
3.5.2 Abuse
The designer should give consideration to the risk of abuse to GRP piping during installation and service and
the need for permanent impact shielding.
Sources of possible abuse include:
a) any area where the piping can be stepped on or used for personnel support;
b) impact from dropped objects;
c) any area where piping can be damaged by adjacent crane activity, e.g. booms, loads, cables, ropes or
chains;
d) weld splatter from nearby or overhead welding activities.
Small pipe branches (e.g. instrument and venting lines), which are susceptible to shear damage, should be
designed with reinforcing gussets to reduce vulnerability. Impact shielding, if required, should be designed to
protect the piping together with any fire-protective coating.
3.5.3 Dynamic excitation and interaction with adjacent equipment and piping
The designer should give consideration to the relative movement of fittings, which could cause the GRP piping
to become overstressed. Where required, consideration shall be given to the use of flexible fittings.
The designer should ensure that vibration due to the different dynamic response of GRP (as compared with
carbon steel piping systems) does not cause wear at supports or overstress in branch lines. The designer
should ensure that the GRP piping is adequately supported to resist shock loads that may be caused by
transient pressure pulses, e.g. operation of pressure safety valves, valve closure etc.
NOTE One reference of interest is “Guidelines for the avoidance of vibration induced fatigue failure in process
pipework“, 2nd edition, 2008 by the Energy Institute. While not written for plastics, the methodology may be effective in
reducing the risk of pipe failure.
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3.5.4 Exposure to light and ultraviolet radiation (UV)
Where GRP pipe is exposed to the sun, the designer should consider whether additional UV protection is
required to prevent surface degradation of the resin. If the GRP is a translucent material, the designer should
consider the need to paint the outside to prevent possible algae growth in slow-moving water within the pipe.
3.5.5 Low temperatures and requirements for insulation
The designer shall consider the effects of low temperatures on the properties of the pipe material, for example
the effect of freeze/thaw. For liquid service, the designer should pay particular attention to the freezing point of
the internal liquid. For completely filled lines, solidification of the internal fluid may cause an expansion of the
liquid volume, which could cause the GRP pipe to crack or fail. For water service, the volumetric expansion
during solidification or freezing is more than sufficient to cause the GRP pipe to fail.
The pipe may require to be insulated and//or fitted with electrical surface heating to prevent freezing in cold
weather or to maintain the flow of viscous fluids. The designer shall give consideration to:
a) additional loading due to mass and increased cross-sectional area of the insulation;
b) ensuring that electrical surface heating does not raise the pipe temperature above its rated temperature.
Heat tracing should be spirally wound onto GRP pipe in order to distribute the heat evenly round the pipe wall.
Heat distribution can be improved if aluminium foil is first wrapped around the pipe.
3.6 Fire and blast
The effect of a fire event (including blast) on the layout requirements should be considered. The possible
events to be considered in the layout design of a GRP piping system intended to function in a fire include:
a) blast overpressure, drag forces and projectile impacts;
b) fire protection of joints and supports;
c) interface with metal fixtures;
d) formation of steam traps in pipes containing stagnant water, which would reduce the conduction of heat
away by water;
e) jet fire;
f) heat release and spread of fire for those pipes in manned spaces, escape routes or areas where
personnel are at risk;
g) smoke emission, visibility and toxicity for those pipes in manned spaces, escape routes or areas where
personnel are at risk.
Penetrations (wall, bulkhead, deck) shall not weaken the division that they penetrate. The main requirements
are to prevent passage of smoke and flames, to maintain structural integrity and to limit the temperature rise
on the unexposed side. Penetrations shall therefore comply with the same requirements that apply to the
relevant hazardous divisions. This requires the penetration to have been fire-tested and approved for use with
the specific type of GRP pipework under consideration.
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4 Hydraulic design
4.1 General
The aim of hydraulic design is to ensure that GRP piping systems are capable of transporting the specified
fluid at the specified rate, pressure and temperature throughout their intended service life. The selection of
nominal pipe diameter depends on the internal diameter required to attain the necessary fluid flow consistent
with the fluid and hydraulic characteristics of the system.
4.2 Flow characteristics
Fluid velocity, density of fluid, interior surface roughness of pipes and fittings, length of pipes, inside diameter
of pipes, as well as resistance from valves and fittings shall be taken into account when estimating pressure
losses. The smooth surface of the GRP may result in lower pressure losses compared to metal pipe.
Conversely the presence of excessive protruding adhesive beads will increase pressure losses.
4.3 General velocity limitations
Concerns that limit velocities in piping systems include:
a) unacceptable pressure losses;
b) prevention of cavitation at pumps and valves;
c) prevention of transient overloads (water hammer);
d) reduction of erosion;
e) reduction of noise;
f) reduction of wear in components such as valves;
g) pipe diameter and geometry (inertia loading).
The designer shall take into account these concerns when selecting the flow velocity for the GRP piping
system. For typical GRP installations, the mean linear velocity for continuous service of liquids is between
1 m/s and 5 m/s with intermittent excursions up to 10 m/s. For gas, the mean linear velocity for continuous
service is between 1 m/s and 10 m/s with intermittent excursions up to 20 m/s. Higher velocities are
acceptable if factors that limit velocities are eliminated or controlled, e.g. vent systems that discharge into the
atmosphere.
4.4 Erosion
4.4.1 General
The following factors influence the susceptibility of GRP piping to erosion damage:
a) fluid velocity;
b) piping configuration;
c) particle size, density and shape;
d) particulate/fluid ratio;
e) onset of cavitation.
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The designer shall refer to the manufacturer and consider reducing the velocity if doubts exist on erosion
performance.
4.4.2 Particulate content
The erosion properties of GRP are sensitive to the particulate content. The designer shall take into account
the likely particulate content in the fluid and reduce the maximum mean velocity accordingly. For GRP, the
maximum erosion damage typically occurs at a hard-particle impingement angle of between 45° and 90°, i.e.
at bends and tees. At low impingement angles ( 15°), i.e. at relatively straight sections, erosion damage is
minimal. Further information on erosion can be found in DNV RP 0501.
4.4.3 Piping configuration
The presence of turbulence generators can have a significant influence on the erosion rate of GRP piping,
depending on fluid velocity and particulate content. The designer shall consider the degree of turbulence and
risk of
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