SIST EN ISO 9396:2001

• Abstract:

  Migrated from Progress Sheet (TC Comment) (2000-07-10): This document will revised EN ISO 9396:1995 . The reference document is ISO 9396 ++ :1997 glg/1997-08-20 ++ new Tc forecast in BP Bli 991026

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 31-May-2001
• ICS: 83.080.10 - Thermosetting materials
• Technical Committee: IPMA - Polimer materials and products
• Current Stage: 6060 - National Implementation/Publication (Adopted Project)
• Start Date: 01-Jun-2001
• Due Date: 01-Jun-2001
• Completion Date: 01-Jun-2001
• Ref Project: EN ISO 9396:2000 - Plastics - Phenolic resins - Determination of the gel time at a given temperature using automatic apparatus (ISO 9396:1997)

• Replaces: SIST EN ISO 9396:1999 - Plastics - Phenolic resins - Determination of the gel time at a given temperature using automatic apparatus (ISO 9396:1989)
• Effective Date: 01-Jun-2001
• Referred By: SIST EN IEC 60455-2:2024 - Resin based reactive compounds used for electrical insulation - Part 2: Methods of test (IEC 60455-2:2023)
• Effective Date: 09-Feb-2026
• Referred By: SIST EN 60455-2:2002 - Resin based reactive compounds used for electrical insulation -- Part 2: Methods of test
• Effective Date: 09-Feb-2026
• Referred By: SIST EN 474-1:2007+A5:2018 - Earth-moving machinery - Safety - Part 1: General requirements
• Effective Date: 28-Jan-2026
• Referred By: SIST EN ISO 3450:2012 - Earth-moving machinery - Wheeled or high-speed rubber-tracked machines - Performance requirements and test procedures for brake systems (ISO 3450:2011)
• Effective Date: 28-Jan-2026
• Referred By: SIST EN ISO 19296:2019 - Mining and earthmoving machinery - Mobile machines working underground - Machine Safety (ISO 19296:2018)
• Effective Date: 28-Jan-2026
• Referred By: SIST EN 474-1:2007+A6:2019 - Earth-moving machinery - Safety - Part 1: General requirements
• Effective Date: 28-Jan-2026
• Referred By: SIST EN 474-12:2007+A1:2008 - Earth-moving machinery - Safety - Part 12: Requirements for cable excavators
• Effective Date: 28-Jan-2026
• Referred By: SIST EN 474-1:2007+A1:2009 - Earth-moving machinery - Safety - Part 1: General requirements
• Effective Date: 28-Jan-2026
• Referred By: SIST EN 15573:2008 - Earth-moving machinery - Design requirements for circulation on the road
• Effective Date: 28-Jan-2026
• Referred By: SIST EN 12643:2014 - Earth-moving machinery - Rubber-tyred machines - Steering requirements (ISO 5010:1992 modified)
• Effective Date: 28-Jan-2026
• Referred By: SIST EN 474-1:2022 - Earth-moving machinery - Safety - Part 1: General requirements
• Effective Date: 28-Jan-2026
• Referred By: SIST EN 474-5:2007+A2:2012 - Earth-moving machinery - Safety - Part 5: Requirements for hydraulic excavators
• Effective Date: 28-Jan-2026
• Referred By: SIST EN 474-1:2007+A3:2014 - Earth-moving machinery - Safety - Part 1: General requirements
• Effective Date: 28-Jan-2026
• Referred By: SIST EN 474-1:2007+A4:2014 - Earth-moving machinery - Safety - Part 1: General requirements
• Effective Date: 28-Jan-2026

SIST EN ISO 9396:2001 is a SIST standard that specifies a method for determining the gel time of phenolic resins at a given temperature using automatic apparatus. It is used for liquid resols and low-melting solid resols, giving laboratories and manufacturers a controlled way to compare curing behavior under the same test conditions.

What does SIST EN ISO 9396:2001 specify?

SIST EN ISO 9396:2001 specifies one automatic test method for measuring the gel time of phenolic resins. The method is built around a reciprocating plunger and fixed bath temperatures, so the result is based on a controlled physical test rather than on operator judgment.

The document is organized into seven clauses plus Figure 1:

• Clause 1 - Scope
• Clause 2 - Preparation of test portions
• Clause 3 - Principle
• Clause 4 - Apparatus
• Clause 5 - Procedure
• Clause 6 - Precision
• Clause 7 - Test report
• Figure 1 - Reciprocating-plunger apparatus

In practice, this structure tells the reader where to find what matters most: what can be tested, how to run the test, what equipment is needed, and what to record.

What are the key requirements of SIST EN ISO 9396:2001?

What the method measures

Clause 1 says SIST EN ISO 9396:2001 measures gel time at a given temperature using automatic apparatus. The stated test temperatures are 100 C, 130 C and 150 C. This matters because the result is only comparable when the same temperature is used.

Clause 1 also limits the method to liquid resols and solid resols with low melting points. It notes that very fast-gelling powdered resins and resins with large amounts of low-boiling solvent are not suited to this procedure, because their behavior can distort the reading.

How the test works

Clause 3 explains that a plunger moves up and down in a test tube containing the resin. Gel time is reached when the resin becomes viscous enough that the tube starts to move with the plunger and the timer stops automatically. In practice, the end point is a mechanical event, which helps reduce subjective judgement.

Apparatus and conditions

Clause 4 specifies the automatic apparatus, a thermostatically controlled bath, the plunger, the test tube, a metal ring and a balance. The bath must hold the chosen test temperature within the stated tolerance, and the plunger cycle time is set at 10 s unless the parties agree otherwise. The frequency used must be stated in the report, so another laboratory can understand the test timing.

Test portions and procedure

Clause 2 says to test the resin as produced, either as liquid resol or as solid resol. Clause 5 requires duplicate testing, or more test portions if agreed. It also specifies a 5 g test portion and immersion of the test tube to a defined depth in the bath. If a catalyst is added, the catalyst proportions, type and treatment must be stated in the report, because they change the gel time.

Precision and reporting

Clause 6 gives repeatability and reproducibility information for the method. That tells users how closely two results should agree within one laboratory and between laboratories, which is important for quality control and disputes.

Clause 7 lists the report items: the standard reference, full sample identification, the arithmetic mean gel time in minutes to the nearest 0.1 min, the test temperature and the plunger frequency. Those details are what make the result traceable and comparable.

What terms does SIST EN ISO 9396:2001 define?

• Phenolic resin - the material family being tested, used here in the form of resols.
• Resols - phenolic resins in liquid form or in a low-melting solid form that can be tested by this method.
• Gel time - the time until the resin becomes viscous enough for the tube to move with the plunger and stop the timer.
• Plunger - the metal-wire part with a helix that makes the reciprocating motion in the test tube.
• Automatic apparatus - the device that drives the plunger and stops the test when the gel point is reached.
• Repeatability - closeness of results from the same operator, laboratory and method over a short time.
• Reproducibility - closeness of results obtained in different laboratories using the same method.

What changed in SIST EN ISO 9396:2001 from the previous edition?

SIST EN ISO 9396:2001 replaces SIST EN ISO 9396:1999. The underlying ISO second edition cancels and replaces ISO 9396:1989, deletes method A that used a rotary stirrer, and adds a precision clause.

What does the SIST EN ISO 9396:2001 document contain?

SIST EN ISO 9396:2001 contains the full test method, the required apparatus description, the sample preparation instructions and the operating procedure. It also includes the precision data and the test-report requirements.

The document gives the key dimensions and conditions for the bath, plunger and test tube, and Figure 1 shows the reciprocating-plunger setup. That makes the standard useful for setting up equipment, running comparative tests and writing laboratory reports on phenolic-resin gel time.

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-junij-2001
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SIST EN ISO 9396:1999
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Plastics - Phenolic resins - Determination of the gel time at a given temperature using
automatic apparatus (ISO 9396:1997)
Kunststoffe - Phenolharze - Bestimmung der Gelierzeit mit einem Automaten unter
spezifischen Bedingungen (ISO 9396:1997)
Plastiques - Résines phénoliques - Détermination de la durée de gélification a une
température donnée sur appareils automatiques (ISO 9396:1997)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN ISO 9396:2000
ICS:
83.080.10 Duromeri Thermosetting materials
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

INTERNATIONAL IS0
STANDARD 9396
Second edition
1997-07- 15
- Phenolic resins -
Plastics
Determination of the gel time of resols
under specific conditions using automatic
apparatus
P/as tiques - Rksines ph&oliques - Dktermina tion du temps
de ghlification des r&ok dans des conditions spkcifiques sur appareils
automa tiques
Reference number
IS0 9396:1997(E)
IS0 9396: 1997(E)
Foreword
IS0 (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide
federation of national standards bodies (IS0 member bodies). The work of
preparing International Standards is normally carried out through IS0
technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which
a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented
on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-
governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. IS0
collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission
(IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are
circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International
Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting
a vote.
International Standard IS0 9396 was prepared by Technical Committee
lSO/TC 61, Plastics, Subcommittee SC 12, Thermosetting materials.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition
(IS0 9396:1989), in which method A (which used a rotary stirrer) has been
deleted and a precision clause added.
0 IS0 1997
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced
or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and
microfilm, without permission in writing from the publisher.
International Organization for Standardization
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Printed in Switzerland
ii
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD @ Iso
IS0 9396: 1997(E)
Plastics - Phenolic resins - Determination of the gel time
of resols under specific conditions using automatic apparatus
l.Scope
This International Standard specifies a method for determining the gel time of
phenolic resins at a given temperature, using automatic apparatus under specified
conditions. The test temperatures are 100 “C, 130 “C and 150 “C.
The method specified employs a plunger driven to carry out a reciprocating vertical
motion. ,
This method applies to the following types of phenolic resin:
- liquid resols
- solid resols with low melting points
Powdered resins with a short gel time, such as mixtures of novolak and
hexamethylenetetramine, do not lend themselves to this type of determination. Such
resins crosslink as soon as fusion starts and become too viscous in the test tube to give
meaningful results. Resins containing large amounts of a solvent with a low boiling point
are especially unsuitable for this type of determination. With such resins, a boiling and
distillation process takes place as the resin hardens.
It might be of interest to determine the time taken for the resin to gel
...