SIST EN ISO 6504-1:2006
(Main)Paints and varnishes - Determination of hiding power - Part 1: Kubelka-Munk method for white and light-coloured paints (ISO 6504-1:1983)
Paints and varnishes - Determination of hiding power - Part 1: Kubelka-Munk method for white and light-coloured paints (ISO 6504-1:1983)
This standard specifies a method to be used for determining the hiding power (preading rate necessary to give a contrast ratio of 89 %) of white or light.coloured paints. It is restricted to paint films having a tri-stimulus value of Y greater than/equal to 70. It is not applicable to fluorescent or metallic paints.
Beschichtungsstoffe - Bestimmung des Deckvermögens - Teil 1: Verfahren nach Kubelka-Munk für weiße und helle Beschichtungen (ISO 6504-1:1983)
Peintures et vernis - Détermination du pouvoir masquant - Partie 1: Méthode de Kubelka-Munk pour les peintures blanches et les peintures claires (ISO 6504-1:1983)
Barve in laki – Ugotavljanje kritnosti – 1. del: Metoda po Kubelka-Munku za bele in pastelne nianse (ISO 6504-1:1983)
General Information
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Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST EN ISO 6504-1:2006
01-april-2006
Barve in laki – Ugotavljanje kritnosti – 1. del: Metoda po Kubelka-Munku za bele in
pastelne nianse (ISO 6504-1:1983)
Paints and varnishes - Determination of hiding power - Part 1: Kubelka-Munk method for
white and light-coloured paints (ISO 6504-1:1983)
Beschichtungsstoffe - Bestimmung des Deckvermögens - Teil 1: Verfahren nach Kubelka
-Munk für weiße und helle Beschichtungen (ISO 6504-1:1983)
Peintures et vernis - Détermination du pouvoir masquant - Partie 1: Méthode de Kubelka-
Munk pour les peintures blanches et les peintures claires (ISO 6504-1:1983)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN ISO 6504-1:2006
ICS:
87.040 Barve in laki Paints and varnishes
SIST EN ISO 6504-1:2006 en
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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SIST EN ISO 6504-1:2006
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SIST EN ISO 6504-1:2006
EUROPEAN STANDARD
EN ISO 6504-1
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
February 2006
ICS 87.040
English Version
Paints and varnishes - Determination of hiding power - Part 1:
Kubelka-Munk method for white and light-coloured paints (ISO
6504-1:1983)
Peintures et vernis - Détermination du pouvoir masquant - Beschichtungsstoffe - Bestimmung des Deckvermögens -
Partie 1: Méthode de Kubelka-Munk pour les peintures Teil 1: Verfahren nach Kubelka-Munk für weiße und helle
blanches et les peintures claires (ISO 6504-1:1983) Beschichtungsstoffe (ISO 6504-1:1983)
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 16 January 2006.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European
Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national
standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation
under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official
versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France,
Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania,
Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels
© 2006 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN ISO 6504-1:2006: E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
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SIST EN ISO 6504-1:2006
EN ISO 6504-1:2006 (E)
Foreword
The text of ISO 6504-1:1983 has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 35 "Paints and
varnishes” of the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and has been taken over
as EN ISO 6504-1:2006 by Technical Committee CEN/TC 139 "Paints and varnishes", the
secretariat of which is held by DIN.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of
an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by August 2006, and conflicting national
standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by August 2006.
According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of
the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium,
Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary,
Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland,
Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
Endorsement notice
The text of ISO 6504-1:1983 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 6504-1:2006 without any
modifications.
2
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SIST EN ISO 6504-1:2006
650411
International Standard
INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION FOR STANDARDIZATIONWlE)I(~YHAPOAHAR OPTAHM3A~MR fl0 CTAH~APTbI3ALWWORGANISATION INTERNATIONALE DE NORMALISATION
- ,Determination of hiding power -
Paints and varnishes
Part 1 : Kubelka-Munk method for white and light-
coloured paints
Partie 7 : Methode de KubeJka-Munk pour Jes peintures blanches et
Pein tures et vernis - LWermination du pouvoir masguant -
Jes pein tures claires
First edition - 19634545
U DC 667.612.6 Ref. No. ISO 6504/1-1983 (E)
hiding power, Optical measurement, films, thickness.
Descriptors : paints, tests, determination,
Price based on 31 pages
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SIST EN ISO 6504-1:2006
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of
national Standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of developing International
Standards is carried out through ISO technical committees. Every member body
interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been authorized has the
right to be represented on that committee. Jnternational organizations, governmental
and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to
the member bodies for approval before their acceptance as International Standards by
the ISO Council.
International Standard ISO 6504/1 was developed by Technical Committee
ISO/TC 35, Paints and varnishes, and was circulated to the member bodies in
April 1981.
lt has been approved by the member bodies of the following countries :
Australia Poland
Germany, F. R.
Austria Hungary Portugal ’
Belgium Romania
India
Brazil Ireland Sri Lanka
Sweden
China Italy
Czechoslovakia Kenya Switzerland
United Kingdom
Dominican Republic Netherlands
Egypt, Arab Rep. of Norway USSR
countries expressed disapproval of the docu
The member bodies of following
on technical grounds :
Canada
France
0 International Organkation for Standardkation, 1983 0
Printed in Switzerland
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SIST EN ISO 6504-1:2006
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 6504/1-1983 (E)
- Determination of hiding power -
Paints and varnishes
Part 1 : Kubelka-Munk method for whi,te and light-
coloured paints
ISO 3966, Paints and varnishes - Determination of contrast
0 Introduction
ratio (opacityl of Jight-coloured paints at a fixed spreading rate
This International Standard is one of a series of Standards deal- (using polyester fiJmJ.
ing with the testing and sampling of paints, varnishes and
related products.
3 Principle
ISO 3965 and ISO 3906 specify methods for determining the
contrast ratio of paints at a fixed spreading rate, by applying The method is based on the Kubelka and Munk equations
paint films to black and white Charts and to Polyester film relating the stattering and absorption coeff icients of pigmented
films to their colour and Opacity.
respectively. They depend on the Observation that there is a
linear relationship between contrast ratio and reciprocal film
For the determination of hiding power, both the reflectance
thickness, at least over a limited range of film thickness.
(RB) of a paint film of thickness t on a black background and
Hiding power of paints is generally defined as the spreading the reflectivity (R,) are required for introduction into the
Kubelka-Munk equations (clause 4).
rate required to give a contrast ratio of 98 %. To determine this
by the methods specified in ISO 3965 and ISO 3906 would be
time-consuming and require considerable extrapolation which
4 Kubelka-Munk equations
often exceeds the limit of linearity of the relationship between
contrast ratio and spreading rate. Therefore, this method for
The Kubelka-Munk (K-M) equations required are
the determination of hiding power, involving the Kubelka-Munk
(K-M) equations which relate stattering and absorption coeffi-
cients to Optical properties, has also been standardized.
. . .
a=$& +j&) (1)
b=a-R, . . .
(2)
1 Scope and field of application
1
This International Standard specifies a method to be used for R, = . . . (3)
a + b coth bSt
determining the hiding power (spreading rate necessary to give
a contrast ratio of 98 %) of white or light-coloured paints. lt is
1 - R, (a - b coth bSt)
restricted to paint films having the tri-stimulus value of Y > 70.
R= . . . ,(4)
a + b coth bSt - R,
lt is not applicable to fluorescent or metallic paints.
where
is the reflectivity, i.e. the reflectance of a paint film of
2 References
Ra3
such thickness that further increase in thickness gives no
further Change in reflectance;
ISO 1512, Paints and varnishes - Sampling.
RB is the reflectance of a paint film of thickness t applied
ISO 1513, Paints and varnishes - Examination and prepara tion
over a black background;
of samples for testing.
R is the reflectance of a paint film of thickness t applied
ISO 1515, Paints and varnishes - Determination o f volatile and
over a white background of defined reflectance R, (for this
non- vola tile matter.
method, R, = 0,801;
ISO 2808, Paints and varnishes - Determination of film
S is the stattering coeff icient per micrometre (Pm - 1);
thickness. 1)
t is the thickness, in micrometres, of the paint film.
ISO 2811, Paints and varnishes - Determination of density.
When using equations (1) to (4) with this method, the
ISO 3905, Paints and varnishes - Determination of contrast
measured CIE tristimulus values Y divided by 100 are inserted
ratio lopacityl of Jight-coloured paints at a fixed spreading rate
for R, RB and R,, respectively.
(using black and white chartsl.
1) At present at the Stage of draft. (Revision of ISO 2808-1974.)
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SIST EN ISO 6504-1:2006
ISO 6504/1-1983 (EI
is the spreading rate necessary to give a 5 Apparatus and materials
The hiding power V0 98
contrast ratio (R&?) of 0,98, and is determined via the
equivalent film thickness to,% according to the equation
5.1 Substrates
1000
5.1.1 Determination of RB
=-
V
5.1.1.1 Glass plates, black, plane, polished, not less than
where
6 mm thick and of dimensions at least 200 mm x 200 mm,
V is the hiding power, in Square metres per litre;
or
f is the thickness, in micrometres, of the wet paint film.
5.1.1.2 Polyester film, clear, untreated, transparent, of
uniform thickness between 30 and 100 Pm, and of dimensions
From equations (3) and (41, when the contrast ratio (RBIR) is
at least 100 mm x 150 mm, together with a glass plate as
equal to 098
specified in 5.1.1.1.
cz- 0,8 + b coth bSto 98
#
NOTE
- Commercially available Polyester sheet has been found to be
= 0,98
- 0,8 [a - b coth bsto cJ} satisfactory.
[a + b coth bsto BI { 1
I
I
5.1.2 Determination of R,
or, after rearrangement
5.1.2.1 Smooth surfaced Paper Charts, readily wetted by,
but impervious to, solvent and water-thinned paints, and
. . .
(5)
similar in reflectance to the paint to be tested.
Suitable Chart colours are grey for paints of low reflectivity and
white for paints of high reflectivity. Alternatively, ceramic tiles
or glass may be used.
D= 3,136 a 11 - 0,98 (1 - 0,8 a)] - 2,508 4
5.2 Film applicators
A series of film applicators giving films of uniform thickness
.I.
(6)
within the range 40 to 150 Pm is required. For application to
V= ?= arcoth~~~l>= CS
glass, bar applicators are suitable. For application to Polyester
film or Paper Charts, wirewound applicators are more suitable.
NOTE - Ifu = coth x, x = arcoth y.
The film laid down shall be at least 150 mm wide (using glass)
or 70 mm wide (using Polyester film) to cover areas, at a
It tan be seen that for constant values of R, (0,80) and contrast
of at least 100 mm x 125 mm or
uniform thickness,
ratio (0,981, factor a is a function of R,.
60 mm x 60 mm respectively. The application of uniform films
is facilitated by the use of automatic applicators, which are
The stattering coefficient S is determined from a rearrange-
recommended.
ment of equation (31, the values of CI and b being known by
calculation from equations (1) and (2) respectively, as follows :
5.3 Reflectometer
1
A photoelectric instrument is required, giving an indicated
. . .
st = b arcoth (7)
reading proportional to the intensity of light reflected from the
surface under test to an accuracy of 0,l % of full scale deflec-
tion, and having a spectral response approximating to the
To simplify the calculations, graphs are available for the deter-
product of the relative spectral energy distribution of CIE illumi-
mination of the product St from measured values of RB
nant D 65 and the colour matthing function jU) of the CIE
and R,.
Standard observer.
The stattering coefficient S is calculated by dividing St by the
NOTES
film thickness t, and V. 98 is obtained from equations (5) and
1 lt is recognized that the relative geometrical arrangement of the
(6). A table of values of 4 for various values of R, simplifies the
illuminating beam and the light detector tan affect the measurement of
calculation.
reflectance, but it is considered that variations arising from this factor
in commercial reflectometers should be considerably less than the
NOTE - Suitable tables and graphs are referred to in DIN 53 162 and
figures for reproducibility stated in clause 9. In the event of dispute,
in ASTM D 2865. The table in annex B is taken, with modifications,
8O/diffuse geometry, without gloss trap, should be used.
from ASTM D 2865 and the graphs are from Official Digest 35, 464,
2 For other than reference purposes, illuminant C may be used.
p.1871 (1963).
2
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SIST EN ISO 6504-1:2006
ISO 6504/1-1983 (EI
5.4 Template 7.2.1.2 Method using black glass plates
A rectangular metal template with minimum dimensions of Apply a few millilitres of the paint Sample in a Iine across one
100 mm x 125 mm is required for films applied to black glass. end of a black glass plate (5.1.1.1) and spread it immediately by
For films on Polyester film, a metal template or die stamp with drawing down a suitable applicator at a steady rate to give a
minimum dimensions of 60 mm x 60 mm is required. uniform film thickness. Repeat the application with different
black glass plates (5.1.1.1) until four uniform films of approxi-
mately the same thickness have been prepared.
6 Sampling
7.2.1.3 Drying and conditioning
Take a representative Sample of the product to be tested as
With the coated Substrates in a horizontal Position, dry the
described in ISO 1512.
paint by the appropriate procedure for the type of paint or as
agreed between the Parties. Maintain the dried test films at a
Examine and prepare the Sample for testing as described in
ISO 1513. temperature of 23 +2 OC in a dust-free atmosphere having a
relative humidity of 50 + 5 % for at least 24 h,
...
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