ISO/TC 92/SC 2/WG 1 - General requirements

This document specifies requirements for the design, testing and classification of active fire curtains, applicable to any material, that are designed to provide fire and smoke resistance. This document gives recommendations for the application, installation and maintenance of active fire curtains. It is also intended to provide guidance and recommendations for designers, specifiers (e.g. architects, fire engineers), authorities having jurisdiction (AHJs), installers and maintainers for the following: a) creating compartmentation; b) creating protected routes for the purpose of means of escape; c) providing protection at the location of non-fire resisting elements (e.g. in front of non-fire-resisting glazing and doorsets) where required for compartmentation or protecting means of escape; d) providing fire- and smoke-resistant active fire curtains in conjunction with non-smoke rated products protecting openings to reduce leakage of smoke. This document does not apply to the following, which are intended for a different use: —   barriers made of part of the building’s structure; —   theatre/proscenium textile curtains; —   smoke barriers according to ISO 21927-1; —   door and shutter assemblies according to ISO 3008‑1. NOTE 1   Smoke barriers used solely for smoke control are covered by ISO 21927‑1. Such smoke barriers are not considered to be active fire curtains. NOTE 2   Requirements of fire doors are given in ISO 3008-1. Requirements for leakage are given in ISO 5925‑1 and further information is given in ISO/TR 5925‑2.

This document establishes general principles for measuring the uniformity of furnace exposure of samples tested in accordance with the requirements of ISO 834‑1. This document specifies the type and location of instrumentation used to measure the temperature, velocity and oxygen content near the surface of simulated test samples. The surface of the simulated sample facing the furnace is gypsum board secured to cold-formed steel supports. This document does not include requirements for furnace performance. An intended use of data generated by the application of this document and the rational for the instrumentation described in this document are contained in the informative Annex A.

This document specifies a test and assessment method for determining the contribution of fire protection systems to the fire resistance of circular and rectangular solid steel bar. ISO 834-10 and ISO 834-11 cover other section shapes such as angles, channels and flats. This document is not intended to be used for twisted wire or for cold or hot rolled steel bar which is primarily used for the reinforcement of concrete. This document is applicable for the protection of solid bar up to a maximum diameter of 130 mm and in the case of rectangular bar the maximum side length shall be limited to 130 mm with a maximum aspect ratio of 2:1 against the shorter length side. Beyond these limits, the solid steel bars are covered in ISO 834-10 and ISO 834-11. This document is intended to be used with any applied fire protection system, including multi-layered systems, that have demonstrated their integrity/stickability when tested on floor beams and hollow sections under load, and assessed in accordance with ISO 834-11. This document does not incorporate results from a loaded test on a tension member. Guidance for conducting a fire test on a steel bar under a tensile load is provided in Annex C. This document contains the fire test methodology to provide data on the thermal characteristics of the fire protection system when exposed to the standard temperature/time curve specified in ISO 834-1. It also contains an assessment method for the analysis of the test data. The limits of applicability of the results of the assessment arising from the fire test are defined together with permitted direct application of the results to different steel types and sizes over the range of thicknesses of the applied fire protection system tested. The assessment procedure is used to establish: — on the basis of temperature data derived from testing steel bars, any practical constraints on the use of the fire protection system under fire test conditions, (the physical performance); — on the basis of the temperature data derived from testing steel bars, the thermal properties of the fire protection system, (the thermal performance). The limits of applicability of the results of the assessment arising from the fire test are defined together with permitted direct application of the results to different steel types and sizes of steel bar over the range of thicknesses of the applied fire protection system tested. This document describes testing in both the vertical and horizontal orientations at the discretion of the sponsor.

This document specifies a test and assessment method for determining the contribution made by fire protection systems to the fire resistance of structural steel beams, I and H sections, in the horizontal plane containing openings in the web which may affect the structural performance of the beam. It is applicable to beams subjected to three or four sided fire exposure. For any cellular beam with a single web opening or where the web openings are considered to be of small diameter in relation to the web depth the applicability of this document is intended to be determined by a structural engineer This document adopts the principle of establishing ratios of temperatures between and around openings in the web of a beam with the temperatures of a solid portion of that beam. This is with the intention that these data can be utilised within a structural model to derive the value and location of the associated limiting temperature of the beam at the fire limit state. The limiting temperature is then used in conjunction with data for the fire protection material determined from ISO 834-10 and ISO 834-11 to determine the necessary thickness of fire protection material for beams with web openings. This document applies to fire protection materials that have already been tested and assessed in accordance with ISO 834-10 and ISO 834-11 and is not intended to be used in isolation. It covers fire protection systems that include both passive and reactive materials which follow the section profile as defined in this document. This document includes the use of a multi-temperature analysis (MTA) derived from ISO 834-11 as the basis for determining the thickness of fire protection for beams with web openings. This document contains an assessment method, which prescribes how the analysis of the test data should be made and gives guidance on the procedures that could be undertaken. The assessment procedure can be used to establish: a) The thermal response of the fire protection system on cellular beams, (the thermal performance) on the basis of the temperature data derived from testing unloaded steel sections. b) The temperature ratio between the web post and the web reference temperature, which will vary depending on the web post width. c) The temperature ratio between points around the web openings and the web reference area. d) A structural model that can be used to derive limiting temperatures for cellular beams.

ISO 834-10:2014 specifies a method for testing fire protection systems applied to structural steel members used in buildings as beams, columns, or tension members. It is intended for use in conjunction with the assessment protocol described in ISO 834‑11. It applies to steel sections (including hollow sections) and only considers sections without openings in the web. Results from analysis of I or H sections are directly applicable to angles, channels, and T-sections for the same section factor, whether used as individual members, e.g. bracing, or part of a fabricated structural system such as a steel truss construction. ISO 834-10:2014 does not apply to solid bar, rod, or concrete-filled hollow sections. ISO 834-10:2014 describes the fire test procedures that specify the tests which should be carried out to determine the ability of the fire protection system to remain sufficiently coherent and in position for a well-defined range of deformations, furnace, and steel temperatures, such that the efficacy of the fire protection system is not significantly impaired, and to provide data on the thermal characteristics of the fire protection system when exposed to the standard temperature/time curve specified in ISO 834‑1. In special circumstances, where specified in National Building Regulations, there can be a requirement to subject reactive fire protection materials to a smouldering curve. The test and the requirements for its use are described in ISO 834-10:2014 (Annex G). ISO 834-10:2014 is applicable to both passive and reactive fire protection systems as defined in the terms and definitions, which are installed or applied in such a way that they remain in place for the intended duration of fire exposure. The fire test methodology makes provision for the collection and presentation of data which is then used as direct input into ISO 834‑11 to determine the limits of direct application to steel sections of various shapes, sizes, and fire resistance periods.

ISO 834-9:2002 specifies test procedures for determining the fire resistance of non-loadbearing ceiling elements, which possess fire resistance independent of any building element above them, when exposed to heating from below the ceiling. It is applicable to self-supporting ceilings and to ceilings suspended from, or fixed directly to, a supporting construction. It is not applicable to ceilings used as a horizontal fire barrier for the protection of a loadbearing element above, in which case performance is assessed as an integral part of the complete assembly using ISO 834-5.

ISO 834-8:2002 specifies the procedures to be followed for determining the fire resistance of non-loadbearing vertical separating elements when exposed to heating on one face. This test is neither appropriate for the evaluation of curtain walls (non-loadbearing external walls suspended from the ends of floor slabs) nor for walls containing doors or glazing. For tests of walls containing doors refer to ISO 3008. For tests of walls containing glazing refer to ISO 3009. The application of this test to other untested forms of construction is acceptable when the construction complies with the direct field of application as given in ISO 834-8:2002 or when it is subjected to a field of extended application analysis in accordance with ISO/TR 12470.

This part of ISO 834 specifies the procedures to be followed for determining the fire resistance of loadbearing horizontal separating elements when exposed to heating from the underside. The test is also appropriate for the evaluation of loadbearing separating elements containing beams when it is not possible to test the floor or roof assembly in a representative manner without them. However, the data cannot be transferred directly one to the other. The application of this test to other untested forms of construction is acceptable when the construction complies with the direct field of application as given in this part of ISO 834 or when subjected to an extended application analysis in accordance with ISO/TR 12470. Since ISO/TR 12470 gives only general guidelines, specific extended application analyses are to be performed only by persons expert in fire-resistant constructions.

This part of ISO 834 specifies the procedures to be followed for determining the fire resistance of loadbearing vertical separating elements when exposed to heating on one face. The application of this test to other untested forms of construction is acceptable when the construction complies with the direct field of application as given in this part of ISO 834 or when subjected to an extended application analysis in accordance with ISO/TR 12470. Since ISO/TR 12470 gives only general guidelines, specific extended application analyses are to be performed only by persons expert in fire-resistant constructions.

This part of ISO 834 specifies the procedures to be followed for determining the fire resistance of columns when tested on their own. Columns are normally tested with all sides fully exposed to heating. However, when in practice the exposure is from fewer than four sides, appropriate exposure conditions have to be reproduced. The application of this test to other untested forms of construction is acceptable when the construction complies with the direct field of application as given in this part of ISO 834 or when subjected to an extended application analysis in accordance with ISO/TR 12470. Since ISO/TR 12470 gives only general guidelines, specific extended application analyses are to be performed only by persons expert in fire-resistant constructions. General guidance on this test method is given in annex A.

This part of ISO 834 specifies the procedures to be followed for determining the fire resistance of beams, when tested on their own. Beams are normally tested with their underside and two vertical sides fully exposed to heating. However, when the exposure is from four sides or less than three sides, appropriate exposure conditions are necessary. Beams which are part of a floor construction are tested with the floor construction as described in ISO 834-5 and are subject to evaluation of integrity and insulation. The application of this test to other untested forms of construction is acceptable when the construction complies with the direct field of application as given in this part of ISO 834 or when subjected to an extended application analysis in accordance with ISO/TR 12470. Since ISO/TR 12470 gives only general guidelines, specific extended application analyses are to be performed only by persons expert in fire-resistant constructions. General guidance on this test method is given in annex A.

This part of ISO 834 specifies a test method for determining the fire resistance of various elements of construction when subjected to standard fire exposure conditions. The test data thus obtained will permit subsequent classification on the basis of the duration for which the performance of the tested elements under these conditions satisfies specified criteria.

Provides information as guidance on the use of the fire resistance test method and the application of the data obtained. Also identifies a number of areas where future editions may benefit by research: into phenomena associated with the performance of assemblies under test and their relationship with actual building construction and into technology related to the instrumentation and testing techniques.