ISO/TC 94/SC 15/WG 5 - Human factors

This document provides information on the psycho-physiological effects related to the wearing of respiratory protective devices (RPD) and it is intended for the preparation of standards for selection and use of RPD. It specifies for the writers of RPD standards, principles relating to — the interaction between RPD and the human physiological and psychological perception, — the acceptance by the wearer, and — the need for training to improve acceptance of the RPD by the wearer. This document does not cover requirements related to the specific hazard for which the RPD is designed.

This document describes how to calculate the work performed by a person’s respiratory muscles with and without the external respiratory impediments that are imposed by RPD of all kinds, except diving equipment. This document describes how much additional impediment people can tolerate and contains values that can be used to judge the acceptability of an RPD. NOTE These calculations are explained in some textbooks on respiratory physiology (in the absence of an RPD), but most omit them or are incomplete in their explanations.

This document describes requirements on factors related to human physiology, ergonomics and performance for the preparation of standards for performance requirements, testing and use of respiratory protective devices (RPD). This document gives guidance on the generic ergonomic factors related to RPD. It specifies principles relating to — the biomechanical interaction between RPD and the human body, and — the interaction between RPD and the human senses: vision, hearing, smell, taste and skin contact. This document does not cover requirements related to specific hazards for which RPD are designed.

This document gives: a description of the composition of the Earth's atmosphere; a description of the physiology of human respiration; a survey of the current biomedical literature on the effects of carbon dioxide and oxygen on human physiology; examples of environmental circumstances where the partial pressure of oxygen or carbon dioxide can vary from that found at sea level. This document identifies oxygen and carbon dioxide concentration limit values and the length of time within which they would not be expected to impose physiological distress. To adequately illustrate the effects on human physiology, this document addresses both high altitude exposures where low partial pressures are encountered and underwater diving, which involves conditions with high partial pressures. The use of respirators and various work rates during which RPD can be worn are also included.

This document provides information on factors related to human anthropometry, physiology, ergonomics, and performance for the preparation of standards for performance requirements, testing, and use of respiratory protective devices. This document contains information related to respiratory and metabolic responses to rest and work at various intensities. Information is provided for the following: metabolic rates associated with various intensities of work; oxygen consumption as a function of metabolic rate and minute ventilation for persons representing three body sizes; peak inspiratory flow rates during conditions of speech and no speech for persons representing three body sizes as a function of metabolic rates. The information contained within this document represents data for healthy adult men and women of approximately 30 years of age, but is considered to be applicable for the age range of the worker population.

This document is one part of the ISO 16976 series that provide information on factors related to human anthropometry, physiology, ergonomics, and performance for the preparation of standards for design, testing, and use of respiratory protective devices. This document contains information related to anthropometry. In particular, information is given for: — anthropometric measurement methods; — anthropometric data for head, face, and neck dimensions; — anthropometric data for torso dimensions; — human test panels; — models of headforms.

This document is one part of a series of Technical Specifications that provide information on factors related to human anthropometry, physiology, ergonomics and performance for the preparation of standards for design, testing and use of respiratory protective devices. This document contains information related to thermal effects of respiratory protective devices on the human body. In particular information is given for: — temperatures of surfaces associated with discomfort sensation and harmful effects on human tissues; — thermal effects of breathing gas temperatures on lung airways and tissues; — effects of breathing gas temperature and humidity on respiratory heat exchange; — effects of respiratory protective devices on overall body heat exchange. The information represents data for adult healthy men and women in the age 20 years to 60 years.

This document contains information related to the interaction between respiratory protective devices and the human body functions of hearing and speech.

This document describes how to calculate the work performed by a person's respiratory muscles with and without the external respiratory impediments that are imposed by RPD of all kinds, except diving equipment. This Document describes how much additional impediment people can tolerate and contains values that can be used to judge the acceptability of an RPD. NOTE These calculations are explained in some textbooks on respiratory physiology (in the absence of an RPD), but most omit them or are incomplete in their explanations.

This document gives: — a description of the composition of the Earth's atmosphere; — a description of the physiology of human respiration; — a survey of the current biomedical literature on the effects of carbon dioxide and oxygen on human physiology; — examples of environmental circumstances where the partial pressure of oxygen or carbon dioxide can vary from that found at sea level. This document identifies oxygen and carbon dioxide concentration limit values and the length of time within which they would not be expected to impose physiological distress. To adequately illustrate the effects on human physiology, this document addresses both high altitude exposures where low partial pressures are encountered and underwater diving, which involves conditions with high partial pressures. The use of respirators and various work rates during which RPD can be worn are also included.

ISO/TS 16976-1:2015 provides information on factors related to human anthropometry, physiology, ergonomics, and performance for the preparation of standards for performance requirements, testing, and use of respiratory protective devices. This part of ISO/TS 16976 contains information related to respiratory and metabolic responses to rest and work at various intensities. Information is provided for the following: - metabolic rates associated with various intensities of work; - oxygen consumption as a function of metabolic rate and minute ventilation for persons representing three body sizes; - peak inspiratory flow rates during conditions of speech and no speech for persons representing three body sizes as a function of metabolic rates. The information contained within this part of ISO/TS 16976 represents data for healthy adult men and women of approximately 30 years of age, b

ISO/TS 16976-2:2015 is one part of a series of Technical Specifications that provide information on factors related to human anthropometry, physiology, ergonomics, and performance for the preparation of standards for design, testing, and use of respiratory protective devices. It contains information related to anthropometry. In particular, information is given for: ? anthropometric measurement methods; ? anthropometric data for head, face, and neck dimensions; ? anthropometric data for torso dimensions; ? human test panels; ? models of headforms.

ISO/TS 16976-6:2014 provides information on the psycho-physiological effects related to the wearing of respiratory protective devices (RPD) and it is intended for the preparation of standards for selection and use of RPD. It specifies for the writers of RPD standards, principles relating to the interaction between RPD and the human physiological and psychological perception, the acceptance by the wearer, and the need for training to improve acceptance of the RPD by the wearer. ISO/TS 16976-6:2014 does not cover requirements related to the specific hazard for which the RPD is designed.

ISO/TS 16976-5:2013 is one of a series of Technical Specifications that provide information on factors related to human anthropometry, physiology, ergonomics and performance for the preparation of standards for design, testing and use of respiratory protective devices. It contains information related to thermal effects of respiratory protective devices on the human body, in particular: temperatures of surfaces associated with discomfort sensation and harmful effects on human tissues; thermal effects of breathing gas temperatures on lung airways and tissues; effects of breathing gas temperature and humidity on respiratory heat exchange; effects of respiratory protective devices on overall body heat exchange. The information represents data for adult healthy men and women aged between 20 and 60 years.

ISO/TS 16976-8:2013 gives guidance on the generic ergonomic factors for the preparation of standards for performance requirements, testing and use of respiratory protective devices (RPD). It specifies principles relating to: the biomechanical interaction between RPD and the human body; the interaction between RPD and the human senses: vision, hearing, smell, taste and skin contact.

ISO/TS 16976-7:2013 contains information related to the interaction between respiratory protective devices and the human body functions of hearing and speech.

ISO/TS 16976-4:2012 describes how to calculate the work performed by a person's respiratory muscles with and without the external respiratory impediments that are imposed by RPD of all kinds, except diving equipment. ISO/TS 16976-4:2012 describes how much additional impediment people can tolerate and contains values that can be used to judge the acceptability of an RPD.

ISO/TS 16976-3:2011 gives: a description of the factors contributing to the present content of the Earth's atmosphere; a description of the physiology of human respiration; a survey of the current biomedical literature on the effects of carbon dioxide and oxygen on human physiology; examples of environmental circumstances where the partial pressure of oxygen or carbon dioxide can vary from that found at sea level. ISO/TS 16976-3:2011 identifies oxygen and carbon dioxide concentration limit values and the length of time within which they would not be expected to impose physiological distress. To adequately illustrate the effects on human physiology, ISO/TS 16976-3:2011 addresses both high altitude exposures where low partial pressures are encountered, and underwater diving, which involves conditions with high partial pressures. The use of respirators and various work rates during which RPD can be worn are also included.