96/61/EC - Council Directive 96/61/EC of 24 September 1996 concerning integrated pollution prevention and control
Council Directive 96/61/EC establishes a comprehensive framework for integrated pollution prevention and control (IPPC) to protect the environment from industrial activities listed in its Annex I. The directive aims to prevent or, where not feasible, reduce emissions to air, water, and land through measures including waste management, applying the principle of sustainable development. It mandates that operators of specified installations obtain permits that set out conditions based on the best available techniques (BAT), balancing environmental protection with technical and economic viability. Permits must address emissions limits, emission monitoring, waste control, energy efficiency, accident prevention, and site restoration after activity cessation. The directive also requires public access to permit information and involvement in decisions, as well as periodic permit reviews to reflect advances in BAT and environmental standards. Coordinated procedures between competent authorities ensure an integrated approach, preventing pollution transfer among environmental media. The Directive reinforces stricter controls on significant installations to achieve a high environmental protection level while promoting transparency and regulatory consistency across EU Member States.
Purpose
Directive 96/61/EC, known as the Integrated Pollution Prevention and Control (IPPC) Directive, aims to achieve integrated prevention and control of pollution arising from certain industrial activities listed in Annex I of the Directive. Its purpose is to prevent or, where that is not practicable, reduce emissions into air, water, and land from these activities, including waste management measures, to achieve a high level of environmental protection overall. The Directive supports sustainable development by promoting integrated approaches to pollution control and applies without prejudice to the Environmental Impact Assessment Directive (85/337/EEC) and other relevant Community legislation.
Key Obligations
- Permit Requirement: No new installation may operate without a permit issued under the Directive, and existing installations must comply with permit conditions by specified deadlines (Article 4, 5).
- General Operator Obligations: Operators must take all appropriate preventive measures against pollution, especially using the best available techniques (BAT), avoid significant pollution, minimize waste production and recover or dispose of waste responsibly, use energy efficiently, prevent accidents, and restore sites after activity cessation (Article 3).
- Permit Conditions: Permits must comprehensively cover all environmental aspects-air, water, and land-to guarantee integrated pollution control. They should include emission limit values based on BAT, considering the installation's technical characteristics, location, and local environment (Article 8, 16, 17).
- Application Requirements: Permit applications must include detailed descriptions of the installation, raw materials, emissions, site conditions, pollution prevention techniques, waste management, and planned monitoring. A non-technical summary is required as well (Article 6).
- Coordination: Procedures and conditions for granting permits must be coordinated among all competent authorities to ensure an integrated approach (Article 7).
- Notification and Authorization of Changes: Operators must notify authorities of operational changes; substantial changes require prior authorization (Article 21).
- Periodic Review: Authorization conditions must be regularly reviewed and updated as necessary to reflect technological progress and environmental standards (Article 22).
- Public Access and Transparency: The public must have access to information about permit applications, granted permits, amendments, and monitoring data before decisions are made, ensuring transparency (Article 23).
- Transboundary Impact: The Directive requires consultation if new installations or major changes may significantly affect other Member States, allowing public access to relevant information (Article 27).
- Reporting and Inventory: Member States and the Commission collaborate to develop a Community inventory of principal emissions and sources to facilitate comparisons and regulatory oversight (Article 24).
Affected Products and Actors
- Installations Covered: The Directive applies primarily to large-scale industrial installations involved in activities listed in Annex I, which include sectors like energy production, metal production, chemical manufacturing, waste management, and other significant pollution sources.
- Operators: Defined as any natural or legal person who operates or controls an installation or who has decisive economic power over its technical functioning.
- Competent Authorities: National or regional bodies responsible for granting permits, ensuring operator compliance, coordinating multi-authority processes, and enforcing the Directive's provisions.
Implementation Timeline
- The Directive was adopted on 24 September 1996 and brought into effect primarily upon publication.
- Existing installations had up to eight years from the date the Directive came into effect to comply with specified Articles (such as operator obligations and permit conditions).
- Some provisions applied immediately for existing installations from the Directive’s effective date, including definitions, permit application rules, and coordination mechanisms.
- Permits for new installations must be issued before operation, starting immediately upon implementation.
- Permit conditions require periodic review and updating in line with technological advancements and environmental requirements, ensuring continual compliance over time.
This Directive laid the foundation for harmonizing pollution control standards across EU Member States by integrating environmental protection measures covering air, water, and soil in a cohesive permitting system, encouraging the use of best available techniques and transparency to achieve sustainable industrial activity with minimized environmental impact.
The Directive 96/61/EC applies to industrial activities listed in its Annex I, targeting installations with significant pollution potential that may affect air, water, or soil. It focuses on preventing or reducing emissions into these environmental media through integrated pollution prevention and control measures. This includes activities across various sectors involving stationary technical units where listed industrial processes occur, including associated activities with technical connections to pollution emissions. The Directive encompasses new and existing installations, requiring them to obtain permits and comply with conditions based on best available techniques to minimize pollution impacts and ensure sustainable environmental management, including waste treatment. It applies broadly to installations whose operations could cause harmful environmental effects and is designed to achieve high-level environmental protection within the EU. The scope includes considerations of waste management, accident prevention, energy efficiency, and site restoration after activity cessation.
Die Richtlinie 96/61/EG legt einen umfassenden Rahmen zur integrierten Vermeidung und Verminderung der Umweltverschmutzung durch Industrieanlagen fest. Ziel ist ein hohes Schutzniveau für die Umwelt insgesamt, indem Emissionen in Luft, Wasser und Boden unter Berücksichtigung der Abfallwirtschaft so weit wie möglich vermieden oder reduziert werden. Die Richtlinie fordert, dass Anlagen nur mit Genehmigung betrieben werden dürfen, die unter anderem Maßnahmen nach den besten verfügbaren Techniken (BAT) beinhalten. Genehmigungen müssen alle Umweltaspekte integrieren und regelmäßig überprüft werden. Betreiber haben Grundpflichten zur Vermeidung erheblicher Umweltverschmutzungen, effizienten Energienutzung und Abfallvermeidung. Zudem müssen wesentliche Änderungen einer Genehmigung unterzogen werden. Die Richtlinie fördert die Koordinierung zwischen Behörden, Transparenz durch Öffentlichkeitsbeteiligung und den Austausch bewährter Techniken auf EU-Ebene. Besondere Beachtung finden grenzüberschreitende Umweltauswirkungen sowie regelmäßige Berichterstattung über die Umsetzung. Damit wird ein nachhaltiger, umweltgerechter Umgang mit industriellen Umwelteinwirkungen und eine langfristige Verbesserung des Umweltschutzes gewährleistet.
Zweck
Die Richtlinie 96/61/EG des Rates vom 24. September 1996 bezweckt die integrierte Vermeidung und Verminderung der Umweltverschmutzung infolge industrieller Tätigkeiten, die im Anhang I der Richtlinie genannt werden. Sie strebt ein hohes Schutzniveau für die Umwelt insgesamt an, indem Emissionen in Luft, Wasser und Boden - einschließlich Maßnahmen im Bereich der Abfallwirtschaft - möglichst vermieden und, wenn dies nicht möglich ist, vermindert werden. Diese integrierte Herangehensweise berücksichtigt Wechselwirkungen zwischen verschiedenen Umweltmedien, um eine Verlagerung der Verschmutzung etwa von Luft auf Boden zu vermeiden. Die Richtlinie berücksichtigt geltende Umweltverträglichkeitsprüfungen und andere Gemeinschaftsvorschriften.
Wesentliche Verpflichtungen
Genehmigungspflicht: Neue Industrieanlagen dürfen nur betrieben werden, wenn sie eine Genehmigung gemäß dieser Richtlinie erhalten haben. Auch wesentliche Änderungen bestehender Anlagen unterliegen der Genehmigungspflicht.
Umsetzung der Grundpflichten der Betreiber: Die Betreiber müssen geeignete Maßnahmen treffen, insbesondere unter Einsatz der besten verfügbaren Techniken (BVT), um Umweltverschmutzungen zu verhindern oder zu minimieren. Dazu gehören:
- Vermeidung signifikanter Umweltverschmutzungen,
- Abfallvermeidung bzw. Verwertung oder umweltverträgliche Beseitigung,
- energieeffizienter Betrieb,
- Maßnahmen zur Unfallverhütung und deren Begrenzung,
- Maßnahmen bei endgültiger Stilllegung zur Vermeidung von Umweltschäden.
Genehmigungsverfahren: Der Genehmigungsantrag muss eine umfassende Beschreibung der Anlage, der eingesetzten Rohstoffe, der Emissionsquellen und der Umwelteinwirkungen sowie der angewandten Techniken und Maßnahmen enthalten.
Festlegung von Emissionsgrenzwerten: Diese sind auf den besten verfügbaren Techniken zu basieren, ohne eine bestimmte Technologie vorzuschreiben. Umweltqualitätsnormen sind einzuhalten, wobei bei strengeren Anforderungen zusätzliche Auflagen ergehen können.
Regelmäßige Überprüfung: Genehmigungsauflagen müssen regelmäßig überprüft und aktualisiert werden, um Fortschritte der Technik und neue Umweltanforderungen berücksichtigen zu können.
Öffentlichkeitsbeteiligung: Die Öffentlichkeit ist vor Genehmigungsentscheidungen zu informieren und hat Zugang zu relevanten Unterlagen und Überwachungsdaten.
Datenerfassung und Berichtswesen: Ein Verzeichnis der wichtigsten Emissionen wird auf Gemeinschaftsebene geführt. Die Kommission erstellt Berichte zur Umsetzung und Wirksamkeit der Richtlinie.
Betroffene Produkte und Akteure
Anlagen: Alle ortsfesten technischen Einheiten, die eine oder mehrere der im Anhang I genannten Tätigkeiten durchführen und Emissionen in Luft, Wasser oder Boden verursachen können.
Betreiber: Jede natürliche oder juristische Person, die die Anlage betreibt oder besitzt bzw. die technische Betriebsverfügungsmacht hat.
Umweltbehörden: Zuständige nationale Behörden der Mitgliedstaaten, die die Genehmigung erteilen, Überwachungen durchführen und die Einhaltung kontrollieren.
Industriezweige: Umfasst verschiedene Industriebereiche mit großem Umwelteinfluss, beispielsweise Chemie, Metallverarbeitung, Energieerzeugung und Abfallbehandlung.
Umsetzungszeitplan
Beginn der Anwendung: Die Richtlinie trat am 24. Oktober 1996 in Kraft.
Übergangsfristen für bestehende Anlagen: Bestehende Anlagen müssen spätestens acht Jahre nach Beginn der Anwendung der Richtlinie an die neuen Genehmigungsanforderungen angepasst werden.
Kontinuierliche Anpassung: Die Genehmigungsauflagen sind regelmäßig zu überprüfen und anzupassen, um technische Fortschritte und veränderte Umweltanforderungen zu berücksichtigen.
Berichterstattung: Die Kommission erstellt regelmäßig Berichte zur Durchführung und zur Wirksamkeit der Richtlinie auf Grundlage der von den Mitgliedstaaten bereitgestellten Daten.
Diese Richtlinie legt den Rahmen für ein integriertes Umweltmanagement in der Industrie fest, indem sie verschiedene Umweltmedien in eine ganzheitliche Betrachtung einbezieht und damit eine nachhaltige Umweltpolitik innerhalb der Europäischen Union unterstützt.
Die Richtlinie 96/61/EG gilt für Anlagen, die aufgrund ihrer Tätigkeiten ein hohes Potenzial zur Umweltverschmutzung haben, insbesondere solche, die Emissionen in Luft, Wasser und Boden verursachen können. Sie umfasst eine Vielzahl industrieller und sonstiger Tätigkeiten, die in Anhang I der Richtlinie aufgelistet sind. Ziel ist die integrierte Vermeidung und Verminderung der Umweltverschmutzung durch diese Anlagen, wobei auch Abfallbewirtschaftung einbezogen wird. Die Richtlinie erstreckt sich auf neue sowie bestehende Anlagen und umfasst alle Tätigkeiten, die für Emissionen in einem oder mehreren Umweltmedien verantwortlich sind. Genehmigungsplfichten, Umweltauflagen und die Anwendung der besten verfügbaren Techniken sind zentrale Elemente, um ein hohes Schutzniveau der Umwelt insgesamt sicherzustellen. Sie gilt unbeschadet anderer relevanter Gemeinschaftsvorschriften und umfasst auch grenzüberschreitende Umweltwirkungen.
La directive 96/61/CE établit un cadre communautaire pour la prévention et la réduction intégrée de la pollution provenant d'installations industrielles. Elle vise à prévenir, à défaut réduire au minimum, les émissions dans l'air, l'eau et le sol, assurant ainsi une protection élevée de l'environnement dans son ensemble. Cette approche intégrée prend en compte la gestion des déchets et promeut le principe du «pollueur payeur» et le développement durable. Les États membres doivent garantir que les exploitants adoptent les meilleures techniques disponibles, préviennent la pollution significative, optimisent la gestion des déchets, utilisent l'énergie efficacement et prennent des mesures pour prévenir les accidents environnementaux. La directive impose une procédure d'autorisation préalable pour les nouvelles installations ou modifications substantielles, incluant une consultation publique et transfrontalière si nécessaire. Les conditions d'autorisation, fondées sur des meilleures pratiques techniques, doivent être périodiquement réexaminées. L'objectif est d'harmoniser la législation au sein de l'UE, réduire les transferts de pollution entre milieux et garantir un niveau uniforme élevé de protection environnementale.
Objet
La directive 96/61/CE vise à instaurer un cadre pour la prévention et la réduction intégrées de la pollution générée par certaines activités industrielles. Elle établit des mesures destinées à éviter ou, lorsque ce n’est pas possible, à réduire au minimum les émissions polluantes dans l’air, l’eau et le sol, tout en prenant en compte la gestion des déchets. Son objectif est d’atteindre un niveau élevé de protection environnementale globale, en évitant la pollution ou en la maîtrisant à la source selon le principe du « pollueur-payeur ».
Cette directive remplace et complète les cadres réglementaires antérieurs relatifs à la pollution atmosphérique, aquatique et des sols afin d’adopter une approche intégrée et harmonisée au sein de l’Union européenne.
Obligations principales
Principe d’autorisation
Toute nouvelle installation ou modification substantielle d’une installation existante doit faire l’objet d’une autorisation préalable délivrée par l’autorité compétente.Meilleures techniques disponibles (MTD)
Les exploitants doivent appliquer les meilleures techniques disponibles afin d’éviter ou de réduire les émissions et impacts environnementaux à un niveau général élevé.Respect des normes et valeurs limites d’émission
Les émissions aux points de rejet doivent respecter des valeurs limites fondées sur les MTD, prenant en compte les caractéristiques techniques, la localisation géographique et les conditions environnementales locales.Gestion intégrée de la pollution
L’autorisation doit intégrer des mesures couvrant tous les milieux concernés (air, eau, sol) afin de prévenir tout transfert de pollution entre eux.Prévention des déchets et gestion efficace
La production de déchets doit être évitée ou, le cas échéant, valorisée. Leur élimination doit minimiser les impacts environnementaux.Efficacité énergétique
L’utilisation efficace de l’énergie dans les installations est requise.Prévention des accidents
Des mesures doivent être prises pour prévenir les accidents industriels et limiter leurs conséquences sur l’environnement.Réhabilitation des sites
Lors de la cessation d’activité, l’exploitant doit s’assurer de remettre le site dans un état satisfaisant, évitant tout risque de pollution résiduelle.Réexamen périodique des conditions d’autorisation
Les conditions attribuées sont régulièrement réexaminées et mises à jour si nécessaire à la lumière des progrès techniques ou de la situation locale.Transparence et information du public
Les demandes d’autorisation, les autorisations et leurs modifications, ainsi que les données de contrôle, doivent être accessibles au public pour assurer une information complète et transparente.Consultation transfrontalière
En cas de risque de pollution significative affectant un autre État membre, une consultation transfrontalière doit être organisée.
Produits et acteurs concernés
- Installations fixes industrielles énumérées à l’annexe I de la directive, notamment celles pouvant générer des pollutions significatives de l’air, de l’eau ou du sol.
- Exploitants d’installations fixes, entendus comme toute personne physique ou morale responsable de l’exploitation d’une installation industrielle.
- Autorités compétentes des États membres qui doivent délivrer les autorisations, contrôler la conformité et appliquer les sanctions si nécessaire.
- Public et parties prenantes qui ont un droit d’accès à l’information et peuvent être consultés.
Calendrier de mise en œuvre
- La directive s’applique dès son entrée en vigueur aux nouvelles installations.
- Les installations existantes doivent se conformer aux exigences de la directive dans un délai déterminé fixé par les États membres, avec obligation de demander une autorisation si une modification substantielle est réalisée.
- Les États membres doivent adapter leur législation et établir les autorités compétentes pour assurer la mise en œuvre effective et harmonisée de la directive.
- Des rapports réguliers sur la mise en œuvre et l’efficacité de la directive doivent être remis à la Commission européenne.
Cette directive constitue une étape majeure vers une politique environnementale européenne intégrée centrée sur la réduction globale de la pollution industrielle, favorisant la durabilité et la transparence.
La directive 96/61/CE s'applique à la prévention et à la réduction intégrées de la pollution provenant des activités industrielles listées à l'annexe I. Elle vise à éviter ou, lorsque cela est impossible, à réduire les émissions de polluants dans l'air, l'eau et le sol, en incluant également la gestion des déchets, afin d'atteindre un haut niveau de protection de l'environnement dans son ensemble. La directive concerne les installations industrielles fixes exerçant certaines activités techniques spécifiques, ainsi que toute activité liée pouvant avoir un impact sur les émissions de pollution. Elle s'applique aux installations existantes et nouvelles, exigeant des autorisations permettant d'assurer le respect des meilleures techniques disponibles et des conditions strictes pour éviter la pollution importante et garantir une utilisation efficiente des ressources. La directive couvre notamment les secteurs industriels à fort potentiel polluant et prévoit une démarche intégrée pour minimiser les impacts environnementaux transversaux.
Direktiva 96/61/ESz z dne 24. septembra 1996 uvaja celovit pristop k preprečevanju in nadzorovanju onesnaževanja okolja, ki nastaja zaradi industrijskih dejavnosti, navedenih v Prilogi I direktive. Cilj je doseči visoko stopnjo varstva okolja kot celote z ukrepi za preprečevanje ali zmanjševanje emisij v zrak, vodo in tla, vključno z ukrepi glede ravnanja z odpadki. Direktiva vzpostavlja zahtevo po dovoljenju za obratovanje novih in obstoječih industrijskih obratov, pri čemer se pogoji v dovoljenju določijo na podlagi najnovejše najboljše razpoložljive tehnologije, upoštevajoč tehnične lastnosti obrata ter okoljske razmere. Dovoljenja vključujejo mejne vrednosti emisij in zahtevke za spremljanje izpustov. Direktiva prav tako ureja javnost in transparentnost postopkov ter meddržavno sodelovanje v primerih čezmejnega onesnaževanja. S tem se zagotavlja usklajenost varstva okolja v Evropski uniji in spodbujanje trajnostnega razvoja industrijskih dejavnosti.
Namen
Direktiva Sveta 96/61/ESz z dne 24. septembra 1996 določa okvir za celovito preprečevanje in nadzorovanje onesnaževanja okolja zaradi industrijskih dejavnosti. Cilj je doseči visoko stopnjo varstva okolja kot celote, s posebnim poudarkom na emisijah v zrak, vodo in tla ter na ravnanje z odpadki. Direktiva želi zagotoviti trajnostni razvoj s spodbujanjem uporabe najboljših razpoložljivih tehnologij in preprečevanjem ali zmanjševanjem onesnaževanja na viru.
Ključne obveznosti
- Celovito preprečevanje in nadzorovanje onesnaževanja: Upravljavci industrijskih obratov morajo izvajati ukrepe za preprečevanje onesnaženja ali, kjer to ni možno, njegovo zmanjševanje do najmanjše možne ravni glede na vplive na zrak, vodo in tla.
- Uporaba najboljših razpoložljivih tehnologij (BAT): Pri določanju mejnih vrednosti emisij in drugih okoljevarstvenih ukrepov se upoštevajo najbolj učinkovite in ekonomsko izvedljive tehnologije brez predpisovanja določene metode.
- Izdajanje dovoljenj: Ni dovoljenega obratovanje novega ali znatno spremenjenega obrat brez izdanega dovoljenja, ki vključuje pogoje za varstvo okolja in spremljanje emisij.
- Skladnost in posodobitve dovoljenj: Za obstoječe obrate je potrebno uskladiti dovoljenja z novimi zahtevami najkasneje v osmih letih od začetka veljavnosti direktive, z rednimi pregledi in posodobitvami pogojev.
- Spremljanje in javna obveščenost: Upravljavci morajo spremljati emisije ter dostopno zagotavljati informacije javnosti o dovoljenjih in vplivih obratov na okolje.
- Preprečevanje preselitve onesnaževanja: Directiva nasprotuje nadomestnemu onesnaževanju v drugi element okolja (npr. zrak, voda, tla) in zahteva celosten pristop k varstvu.
Zajeti proizvodi in deležniki
- Industrijski obrati in dejavnosti: Direktiva se nanaša na industrijske obrate, katerih dejavnosti so navedene v Prilogi I direktive, ki lahko povzročajo onesnaževanje okolja.
- Upravljavci obratov: Fizične ali pravne osebe, ki upravljajo ali nadzorujejo industrijske obrate oziroma imajo odločilno gospodarsko razpolaganje z njihovim tehničnim delovanjem.
- Pristojni organi držav članic: Organi, ki izdajajo dovoljenja, nadzorujejo njihovo spoštovanje in izvajajo dispozicije direktive.
- Javnost: Ima pravico do dostopa do informacij o dovoljenjih, vplivih obratov in postopkih ter je vključena v postopke, kadar je ogroženo čezmejno onesnaževanje.
Časovni okvir za implementacijo
- Direktiva zahteva, da države članice začrtajo ukrepe za uskladitev dovoljenj v osmih letih od začetka veljavnosti.
- Zahteve za nove obrate so veljavne takoj po sprejetju direktive, kar pomeni, da noben nov obrat ne sme začeti obratovati brez ustreznega dovoljenja.
- Za obstoječe obrate morajo pristojni organi po potrebi ponovno določiti in posodobiti pogoje za dovoljenja, pri čemer se določene obveznosti uporabljajo takoj od začetka izvajanja direktive.
- Pristojni organi morajo spremljati tehnološki razvoj in tudi redno posodabljati pogoje glede na najnovejše najboljše razpoložljive tehnologije.
- Vključitev javnosti in izvajanje čezmejnih posvetovanj morata potekati vsakič, ko bodo predvidene pomembne spremembe obratov, ki lahko vplivajo na okolje tudi v drugih državah članicah.
Direktiva 96/61/ESz tako zagotavlja okvir za dosledno, celostno in trajnostno upravljanje industrijskega onesnaževanja, ki vključuje stroge okoljevarstvene zahteve, obveznosti upravljavcev, ter vlogo pristojnih organov in javnosti v varstvu evropskega okolja.
Direktiva 96/61/ESz se uporablja za obrate, ki izvajajo dejavnosti, navedene v Prilogi I, in določena tehnično povezana in neposredno povezana pristojna območja delovanja podjetij, ki lahko povzročijo onesnaževanje zraka, vode ali tal. Nanaša se na industrijske in druge aktivnosti, ki lahko povzročajo pomembno onesnaževanje okolja, tudi čezmejno, ter predpisuje celovite ukrepe za preprečevanje ali zmanjševanje emisij onesnaževal v zrak, vodo in tla. Direktiva zajema različne sektorje gospodarstva, ki vključujejo obrate za proizvodnjo, predelavo, skladiščenje in druge industrijske dejavnosti, pri katerih obstaja tveganje za onesnaževanje okolja. Poleg tega vključuje tudi upravljanje z odpadki in zagotavlja visok nivo varstva okolja kot celote skozi integrirano izdajo dovoljenj in uporabo najboljših razpoložljivih tehnologij.
General Information
This Technical Specification gives requirements for the certification of PEMS software and for the performance and quality assurance for a PEMS to prove suitability for its measuring task and to ensure that the PEMS continues to perform within the specified performance during operation of the PEMS.
- Technical specification55 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This Technical Specification gives requirements for the certification of PEMS software and for the performance and quality assurance for a PEMS to prove suitability for its measuring task and to ensure that the PEMS continues to perform within the specified performance during operation of the PEMS.
- Technical specification55 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This standard specifies a Reverse Dispersion Modelling method to qualify the fugitive emission rates of diffuse fine and coarse dust sources of industrial plants or areas. The application needs calculations using a dispersion model, and the definition of a sampling experimental set-up taking into account field data such as number, height and width of diffuse dust sources, sampling distances, and meteorological information.
The RDM method does not allow quantification in absolute figures of the dust emission rates because of an undetermined accuracy depending on various site conditions, but it is a tool which enables each industrial plant to identify its dust sources that emit the most, and then to implement actions reducing their importance by self-control and related improvement process as part of environmental management.
In this framework, the RDM method should not be used to control or verify any compliance with air quality threshold global values which might be contained in an operating permit, or to carry out comparison between different plants belonging to the same industrial sector.
- Standard17 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This standard applies to the measurement of fugitive emissions of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from process equipment. The leak sources include, but are not limited to, valves, flanges and other connections, pressure relief devices, process drains, open-ended valves, pump and compressor seal systems, agitator seals, and access door seals. It does not apply to instrument tubing connections.
This standard applies to all products of which at least 20 % wt has a vapour pressure higher than 0,3 kPa at 20 °C. For the petroleum industry, this includes all light products and excludes kerosene and all heavier products.
The standard is based on the measurement of the gas concentration at the interface of a leak. This concentration is measured with a portable instrument. It is converted to a mass emission rate by use of a set of correlations. The scope of this standard includes the complete data processing, from the initial concentration measurement up to the generation of an emission report over a reporting period (which is generally one year) ).
This standard does not prescribe the number of potential emission points that should be screened each year nor the frequency at which these points should be screened. This sampling strategy shall indeed take into account the plant characteristics and the required level of control over fugitive emissions.
Optical methods are currently under development to ease the detection of leaks in plants and use of this standard in conjunction with these methods might be possible. In any case, measurements have to be performed according to the requirements of this standard. To enable direct quantification of total fugitive emissions based only on these methods, a subsequent revision of this standard will be needed.
- Standard17 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This standard specifies a Reverse Dispersion Modelling method to qualify the fugitive emission rates of diffuse fine and coarse dust sources of industrial plants or areas. The application needs calculations using a dispersion model, and the definition of a sampling experimental set-up taking into account field data such as number, height and width of diffuse dust sources, sampling distances, and meteorological information.
The RDM method does not allow quantification in absolute figures of the dust emission rates because of an undetermined accuracy depending on various site conditions, but it is a tool which enables each industrial plant to identify its dust sources that emit the most, and then to implement actions reducing their importance by self-control and related improvement process as part of environmental management.
In this framework, the RDM method should not be used to control or verify any compliance with air quality threshold global values which might be contained in an operating permit, or to carry out comparison between different plants belonging to the same industrial sector.
- Standard17 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This standard applies to the measurement of fugitive emissions of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from process equipment. The leak sources include, but are not limited to, valves, flanges and other connections, pressure relief devices, process drains, open-ended valves, pump and compressor seal systems, agitator seals, and access door seals. It does not apply to instrument tubing connections.
This standard applies to all products of which at least 20 % wt has a vapour pressure higher than 0,3 kPa at 20 °C. For the petroleum industry, this includes all light products and excludes kerosene and all heavier products.
The standard is based on the measurement of the gas concentration at the interface of a leak. This concentration is measured with a portable instrument. It is converted to a mass emission rate by use of a set of correlations. The scope of this standard includes the complete data processing, from the initial concentration measurement up to the generation of an emission report over a reporting period (which is generally one year) ).
This standard does not prescribe the number of potential emission points that should be screened each year nor the frequency at which these points should be screened. This sampling strategy shall indeed take into account the plant characteristics and the required level of control over fugitive emissions.
Optical methods are currently under development to ease the detection of leaks in plants and use of this standard in conjunction with these methods might be possible. In any case, measurements have to be performed according to the requirements of this standard. To enable direct quantification of total fugitive emissions based only on these methods, a subsequent revision of this standard will be needed.
- Standard17 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This Technical Specification supplements the requirements of EN ISO/IEC 17025:2005, and is suitable for the demonstration of competence of laboratories that undertake periodic measurement of emissions from stationary sources including
- the taking of representative samples of emissions and subsequent laboratory analysis for gases and for particulate species,
- the determination of reference quantities such as temperature, pressure, water vapour and oxygen content in the field and
- the use of portable instruments (such as hand held instruments and transportable instruments used in mobile laboratories) in the field.
This Technical Specification is applicable to all laboratories undertaking the periodic measurement of emissions from stationary sources, the calibration of installed automated measuring systems in accordance with EN 14181:2004 and/or the field testing of automated measuring systems for conformity assessment purposes.
- Technical specification42 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document gives recommendations and specifies requirements for the elaboration of standardised reference methods of measurement for the field of stationary source emissions by CEN/TC 264, with or without reference to accreditation. It aims at facilitating in the working groups the elaboration and the harmonisation of the standards produced by CEN/TC 264.
This document aims at ensuring that the specific requirements specified in CEN/TS 15675 are taken on board in the individual measurement standards either directly or by reference to EN 15259.
This document specifies terms and definitions for use in other air quality standards.
This document elaborates the CEN rules as given in CEN/BOSS and in the Internal Regulations Part 3 (PNE rules) in the field of stationary source emissions.
- Technical specification23 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This document gives recommendations and specifies requirements for the elaboration of standardised reference methods of measurement for the field of stationary source emissions by CEN/TC 264, with or without reference to accreditation. It aims at facilitating in the working groups the elaboration and the harmonisation of the standards produced by CEN/TC 264.
This document aims at ensuring that the specific requirements specified in CEN/TS 15675 are taken on board in the individual measurement standards either directly or by reference to EN 15259.
This document specifies terms and definitions for use in other air quality standards.
This document elaborates the CEN rules as given in CEN/BOSS and in the Internal Regulations Part 3 (PNE rules) in the field of stationary source emissions.
- Technical specification23 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
This Technical Specification supplements the requirements of EN ISO/IEC 17025:2005, and is suitable for the demonstration of competence of laboratories that undertake periodic measurement of emissions from stationary sources including
- the taking of representative samples of emissions and subsequent laboratory analysis for gases and for particulate species,
- the determination of reference quantities such as temperature, pressure, water vapour and oxygen content in the field and
- the use of portable instruments (such as hand held instruments and transportable instruments used in mobile laboratories) in the field.
This Technical Specification is applicable to all laboratories undertaking the periodic measurement of emissions from stationary sources, the calibration of installed automated measuring systems in accordance with EN 14181:2004 and/or the field testing of automated measuring systems for conformity assessment purposes.
- Technical specification42 pagesEnglish languagee-Library read for1 day
Frequently Asked Questions
An EU Directive is a legislative act of the European Union that sets out goals that all EU member states must achieve. However, it is up to each member state to devise their own laws on how to reach these goals through national transposition. Directives are used to harmonize laws across the EU, particularly for the functioning of the single market.
Directive 96/61/EC covers "Council Directive 96/61/EC of 24 September 1996 concerning integrated pollution prevention and control". There are 10 standards associated with this directive.
Harmonized standards under 96/61/EC are European standards (ENs) developed by CEN, CENELEC, or ETSI in response to a mandate from the European Commission. When these standards are cited in the Official Journal of the European Union, products manufactured in conformity with them benefit from a presumption of conformity with the essential requirements of 96/61/EC, facilitating CE marking and free movement within the European Economic Area.