SIST-TS CEN/TS 15674:2008
(Main)Air quality - Measurement of stationary source emissions - Guidelines for the elaboration of standardised methods
Air quality - Measurement of stationary source emissions - Guidelines for the elaboration of standardised methods
This document gives recommendations and specifies requirements for the elaboration of standardised reference methods of measurement for the field of stationary source emissions by CEN/TC 264, with or without reference to accreditation. It aims at facilitating in the working groups the elaboration and the harmonisation of the standards produced by CEN/TC 264.
This document aims at ensuring that the specific requirements specified in CEN/TS 15675 are taken on board in the individual measurement standards either directly or by reference to EN 15259.
This document specifies terms and definitions for use in other air quality standards.
This document elaborates the CEN rules as given in CEN/BOSS and in the Internal Regulations Part 3 (PNE rules) in the field of stationary source emissions.
Luftbeschaffenheit - Messung von Emissionen aus stationären Quellen - Leitlinien zur Erarbeitung von standardisierten Verfahren
Dieses Dokument gibt Empfehlungen und legt Anforderungen fest für die Erarbeitung standardisierter Referenzmessverfahren zur Ermittlung der Emissionen aus stationären Quellen durch das CEN/TC 264 und unabhängig davon, ob ein Zusammenhang mit Akkreditierungen besteht oder nicht. Es dient der Unter¬stützung der Arbeitsgruppen bei der Erarbeitung und Harmonisierung von Normen des CEN/TC 264.
Dieses Dokument dient der Sicherstellung, dass die spezifischen Anforderungen der CEN/TS 15675 in den einzelnen messtechnischen Normen entweder direkt oder durch Verweisung auf EN 15259 berücksichtigt werden.
Dieses Dokument legt Begriffe zur Verwendung in anderen Normen der Luftqualität fest.
Dieses Dokument untersetzt die in CEN/BOSS und der Geschäftsordnung Teil 3 (PNE-Regeln) enthaltenen CEN-Regularien für den Bereich der Emissionen aus stationären Quellen.
Qualité de l'air - Mesure des émissions de sources fixes - Lignes directrices pour l'élaboration de méthodes normalisées
Le présent document fournit des recommandations et indique les exigences relatives a l’élaboration de méthodes de mesurage de référence normalisées dans le domaine des émissions de sources fixes par le CEN/TC 264, avec ou sans référence a l’accréditation. Il vise a faciliter l’élaboration et l’harmonisation des normes élaborées par le Comité Technique CEN/TC 264 au sein des groupes de travail.
Le présent document vise a assurer que les exigences spécifiques indiquées dans la CEN/TS 15675 sont prises en compte dans les normes de mesurage individuelles, soit de façon directe soit en référence a l’EN 15259.
Le présent document spécifie les termes et définitions utiles pour les autres normes relatives a la qualité de l’air.
Le présent document élabore les regles du CEN telles que spécifiées dans le CEN/BOSS et dans la partie 3 des réglementations internes (regles de présentation des normes européennes) dans le domaine des émissions des sources fixes.
Kakovost zraka - Meritve emisij nepremičnih virov - Smernice za pripravo standardiziranih metod
General Information
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST-TS CEN/TS 15674:2008
01-marec-2008
.DNRYRVW]UDND0HULWYHHPLVLMQHSUHPLþQLKYLURY6PHUQLFH]DSULSUDYR
VWDQGDUGL]LUDQLKPHWRG
Air quality - Measurement of stationary source emissions - Guidelines for the elaboration
of standardised methods
Luftbeschaffenheit - Messung von Emissionen aus stationären Quellen - Leitlinien zur
Erarbeitung von standardisierten Verfahren
Qualité de l'air - Mesure des émissions de sources fixes - Lignes directrices pour
l'élaboration de méthodes normalisées
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: CEN/TS 15674:2007
ICS:
13.040.40
SIST-TS CEN/TS 15674:2008 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION
CEN/TS 15674
SPÉCIFICATION TECHNIQUE
TECHNISCHE SPEZIFIKATION
October 2007
ICS 13.040.40
English Version
Air quality - Measurement of stationary source emissions -
Guidelines for the elaboration of standardised methods
Qualité de l'air - Mesure des émissions de sources fixes - Luftbeschaffenheit - Messung von Emissionen aus
Lignes directrices pour l'élaboration de méthodes stationären Quellen - Leitlinien zur Erarbeitung von
normalisées standardisierten Verfahren
This Technical Specification (CEN/TS) was approved by CEN on 18 September 2007 for provisional application.
The period of validity of this CEN/TS is limited initially to three years. After two years the members of CEN will be requested to submit their
comments, particularly on the question whether the CEN/TS can be converted into a European Standard.
CEN members are required to announce the existence of this CEN/TS in the same way as for an EN and to make the CEN/TS available
promptly at national level in an appropriate form. It is permissible to keep conflicting national standards in force (in parallel to the CEN/TS)
until the final decision about the possible conversion of the CEN/TS into an EN is reached.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland,
France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,
Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels
© 2007 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. CEN/TS 15674:2007: E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
---------------------- Page: 2 ----------------------
CEN/TS 15674:2007 (E)
Contents Page
Foreword.3
Introduction .3
1 Scope .5
2 Normative references .5
3 General recommendations and requirements .5
4 Clause specific recommendations and requirements .7
4.1 Introduction.7
4.2 Scope .7
4.3 Normative references .7
4.4 Terms and definitions .7
4.5 Principle.7
4.6 Equipment, material and reagent.7
4.7 Operating procedure .8
4.8 Validation of results and calculations .10
4.9 Measurement report .10
4.10 Performance characteristics .11
4.11 Annexes .11
Annex A (informative) Terms and definitions for use in air quality standards.12
Annex B (informative) Production of standardized reference measurement methods for air quality .22
Bibliography .23
2
---------------------- Page: 3 ----------------------
CEN/TS 15674:2007 (E)
Foreword
This document (CEN/TS 15674:2007) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 264 “Air quality”,
the secretariat of which is held by DIN.
This document has been prepared by WG 19 "Emissions monitoring strategy" of CEN/TC 264 as one of three
basic documents on measurements of stationary source emissions consisting of:
EN 15259, Air quality — Measurement of stationary source emissions — Requirements for measurement
sections and sites and for the measurement objective, plan and report
CEN/TS 15674, Air quality — Measurement of stationary source emissions — Guidelines for the
elaboration of standardised methods
CEN/TS 15675, Air quality — Measurement of stationary source emissions — Application of
EN ISO/IEC 17025:2005 to periodic measurements
According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following
countries are bound to announce this Technical Specification: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech
Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia,
Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain,
Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom.
3
---------------------- Page: 4 ----------------------
CEN/TS 15674:2007 (E)
Introduction
This European Technical Specification provides guidance to assist with the five years periodical revision of
European Standards prepared by CEN/TC 264 and when drafting new standards. It is designed to ensure that
the revised standards and new standards, when used with or without reference to accreditation
are appropriate technical references giving no rise to significant misunderstandings and/or significant
differences of interpretation by technical auditors and/or by testing laboratories,
are consistent one with another regarding definitions and general aspects as well as with the general
structure of emission measurement programmes as addressed in EN 15259,
are consistent one with another in view of combined measurements of several measured components at
the same time in the framework of a measurements programme and
are in accordance and properly linked with CEN/TS 15675 and EN 15259.
It is considered that such significant differences, misunderstandings and/or inconsistencies would, on the one
hand, impair the quality and comparability within the European Union of data produced according to those
European emission measurement standards and on the other hand, result in unfair competition among
European laboratories in the field of emission measurements.
This document can be applicable to other air quality fields.
4
---------------------- Page: 5 ----------------------
CEN/TS 15674:2007 (E)
1 Scope
This document gives recommendations and specifies requirements for the elaboration of standardised
reference methods of measurement for the field of stationary source emissions by CEN/TC 264, with or
without reference to accreditation. It aims at facilitating in the working groups the elaboration and the
harmonisation of the standards produced by CEN/TC 264.
This document aims at ensuring that the specific requirements specified in CEN/TS 15675 are taken on board
in the individual measurement standards either directly or by reference to EN 15259.
This document specifies terms and definitions for use in other air quality standards.
This document elaborates the CEN rules as given in CEN/BOSS and in the Internal Regulations Part 3 (PNE
rules) in the field of stationary source emissions.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
EN 13284-1:2001, Stationary source emissions — Determination of low range mass concentration of dust —
Part 1: Manual gravimetric method
EN 15259:2007, Air quality — Measurement of stationary source emissions — Requirements for
measurement sections and sites and for the measurement objective, plan and report
CEN/TS 14793, Stationary source emission — Intralaboratory validation procedure for an alternative method
compared to a reference method
CEN/TS 15675, Air quality — Measurement of stationary source emissions — Application of
EN ISO/IEC 17025:2005 to periodic measurements
3 General recommendations and requirements
This document applies to the elaboration of new or revised standards for emission measurement methods. It
provides in Clause 4 requirements and recommendations specific to each clause of such standards. When a
detailed requirement or recommendation applies to several clauses, it is repeated in each clause for sake of
clarity.
Each individual measurement standard for stationary source emissions shall clearly specify all requirements
specific for this standardised measurement method. It shall make normative or informative reference to
EN 15259 for general requirements (e.g. measurement planning and general reporting). It shall also
incorporate the relevant requirements of CEN/TS 15675.
Since sampling on site and analysis in the laboratory are two very different activities which are internally or
externally performed by distinct teams, it is vital in view of accreditation or of any auditing process that the
requirements that are to be fulfilled by the supplier team are easily identified. This should therefore allow to
clearly identify the tasks to be audited and concerning each team, especially the team responsible for the
whole measurement including signing the overall test report, which is the prime contractor as described in
CEN/TS 15675.
Figure 1 illustrates key stages of periodic measurements of emissions from stationary sources and the
interrelations between the individual measurement standards and the general document EN 15259.
5
---------------------- Page: 6 ----------------------
CEN/TS 15674:2007 (E)
Figure 1 — Illustration of key stages of periodic measurements of emissions from stationary sources
6
---------------------- Page: 7 ----------------------
CEN/TS 15674:2007 (E)
4 Clause specific recommendations and requirements
4.1 Introduction
The introduction being only informative shall not contain requirements. It shall be limited to a text presenting
an overview that facilitates the first contact of a reader not acquainted with the method. Such text should be
kept reasonably short to complement eventually the scope in view of informative information.
4.2 Scope
The scope shall not specify requirements of the method, but shall express clearly when the standard can be
used and when it cannot be used, as well as its limitations, e.g. nature of the measurand, measurement range
and influence quantities.
NOTE This can require a statement related to requirements specified in the other clauses of the standard.
A statement on safety shall clarify the extent to which particular aspects are specified in the standard, noting
that general prevailing regulations apply that shall not be specified in the standard.
4.3 Normative references
This optional element shall give a list of the documents cited in the standard in such a way as to make them
indispensable for the application of the standard.
4.4 Terms and definitions
This is an optional element giving definitions necessary for the understanding of certain terms used in the
standard. Different terms and definitions for the same concept should be avoided in standards. Therefore, the
terms and definitions listed in Annex A of this document should be used in CEN/TC 264 standards, whenever
applicable.
4.5 Principle
This element shall not specify requirements of the method, but shall express clearly the process being applied
in the measurement method including its main steps.
NOTE This can require a statement related to requirements specified in the other clauses of the standard.
In case of several options, general minimum requirements are to be considered as well as specific
requirements for each option. Those specific requirements shall ensure that the options provide equivalent
results.
4.6 Equipment, material and reagent
It is strongly recommended to specify equipment functionally by means of performance criteria so that the
laboratories can optimise technically and economically the overall equipment used, taking benefit of the
prevailing state of the art, e.g. as gas absorption rate for a washing bottle and not as detailed dimensions.
In this element the requirements of the standard that defines a measurement method shall be clearly specified.
Relevance of each minimum requirement for either the sampler or the analyst or both shall be indicated as
well as the interface requirements between sampler activities and the analyst activities. This shall address the
management activities of the team responsible of the whole measurement and that signs the overall report
(the prime contractor as described in CEN/TS 15675). Furthermore, this shall be made in a consistent way
with the general requirements specified in EN 15259.
7
---------------------- Page: 8 ----------------------
CEN/TS 15674:2007 (E)
4.7 Operating procedure
4.7.1 General
The sampler activities in the field shall be clearly distinguished from the analyst activities in the laboratory.
Their interface and inter-relations shall be clearly specified. This shall address the management activities of
the team responsible of the whole measurement and that signs the overall report (the prime contractor as
described in CEN/TS 15675).
All the different steps of the measurement process shall be addressed. In general a periodic measurement in
the field of stationary source emission consists of seven steps: measurement planning, taking of the sample,
field collection, transport and storage, laboratory preparation and extraction, analysis/quantification,
measurement report. In case of instrumental periodic measurement providing results in the field, the main
seven steps are generally: measurement planning, taking of the sample, calibration before measurement,
transport and storage of the instruments, calibration after measurement, analysis/quantification and
measurement report.
NOTE 1 In the first generation of measurement standards for stationary source emission as developed by CEN/TC 264,
the measurement plan issue has been generally addressed by reference to dust standard specifying the grid method. In
some cases specific requirement were specified. In view of the coming revision it was found more appropriate to refer to
EN 15259, since among other goals this standard aims at combining different individual measurements to build the overall
testing programme.
In case of several options, general minimum requirements are to be considered as well as specific
requirements for each option. Those specific requirements shall ensure that the options provide equivalent
results.
NOTE 2 The following requirements are aiming at securing consistent operating conditions which are necessary to be
able to perform parallel measurements of several measured components, e.g. HCl, dust and mercury. They are also
aiming at providing several consistent quality criteria for the different emission measurements, e.g. field blank procedure
and value or leak check procedure and value.
In this element the requirements of the standard that defines a measurement method shall be clearly specified.
Relevance of each minimum requirement for either the sampler or the analyst or both shall be indicated as
well as the interface requirements between sampler activities and the analyst activities. This shall address the
management activities of the team responsible of the whole measurement and that signs the overall report.
Furthermore, this shall be made in a consistent way with the general requirements specified in EN 15259.
4.7.2 Leak check
The leak check should be carried out in accordance with 8.4 a) of EN 13284-1:2001 by the following
procedure:
"Assemble the sampling equipment, and check for possible leaks by sealing the nozzle and starting the
suction device. The leak flow at the maximal under pressure that could be reached during sampling
shall be below 2 % of the normal flow rate."
NOTE 1 This leak check is dedicated at checking that the leak is minimised and kept below an acceptable limit.
NOTE 2 During sampling, a leak change can be monitored by measuring continuously the concentration of a relevant
gas component (CO , O etc.) directly in the duct and downstream the sampling train. Any detectable difference between
2 2
those concentrations indicates a leak in the sampling equipment parts located outside the duct. This leak is then be
investigated and rectified.
4.7.3 Field blank
This procedure is used to ensure that no significant contamination has occurred during all the steps of the
measurement.
8
---------------------- Page: 9 ----------------------
CEN/TS 15674:2007 (E)
NOTE 1 This includes for instance the equipment preparation in laboratory, its transport and installation in the field as
well as the subsequent analytical work in the laboratory.
For this purpose specify the frequency and handling of field blank as follows:
"A field blank procedure including the analytical step shall be performed at least before each
measurement series or at least once a day, following the whole measurement procedure specified in
this standard and including the sampling procedure without the suction steps, i.e. without starting and
operating the suction device.
If equipment in contact with the measured substance is cleaned and reused in the field, a field blank
shall also be taken before each measurement series. The blank taken after a measurement series may
be used as the blank taken before the following measurement series.
In the case when equipment in contact with the measured component is not cleaned for reuse in the
field, i.e. only prepared in laboratory or rinsed at the end of a series, if two or several measurement
series are performed with equipment prepared at the same time and according to the same procedure,
and if the measurements are performed on the same industrial process or on several lines of the same
industrial process, then a single field blank shall be taken."
The field blank criteria are given in each individual standard as stipulated in 4.8.2 and 4.9.2.
NOTE 2 This leads to an estimation of the dispersion of results related to the whole procedure for a near zero
concentration.
4.7.4 Filtration temperature
In the field of stationary source emission several individual measurements are to be performed at the same
time. It is therefore wise to harmonise the operating conditions so that a combined sampling train can be
arranged and more important that the different measurands are defined on the same basis, especially
regarding the particulate/gaseous aspects.
For this purpose specify the filtration temperature as follows:
"In the case when dusts and other air pollutants are measured simultaneously, the parts of the sampling
train to be weighed should be
1) conditioned at 180 °C before sampling,
2) set at a temperature of 160 °C ± 10 K during sampling and
3) conditioned at 160 °C after sampling."
NOTE These conditions have been selected as practical operating points that match reasonably the specific features
of the different concerned standards.
This section is designed to ensure a harmonisation between individual standards. However, the requirements
of individual standards either new or revised prevail, e.g. for PCCD/PCDF measurements.
4.7.5 Rinsing
In the field of stationary source emissions several individual measurements are to be performed at the same
time. It is therefore wise to harmonise the operating conditions so that a combined sampling train can be
arranged and more important that the different measurands are defined on the same basis, especially
regarding the particulate/gaseous aspects.
For this purpose specify rinsing as follows:
9
---------------------- Page: 10 ----------------------
CEN/TS 15674:2007 (E)
"In view of simultaneous measurements of dust, HCl, SO , Hg and specific elements such as ……. with
2
a large volume sampling system comprising upstream a filter designed for such large volume followed
downstream by several parallel secondary train each adapted to the specific requirement of a given air
pollutant, it is proposed to first rinse with water. The resulting suspension is splitted in two parts, one for
HF and HCl (after filtration), the other part for dust (dry extract) and metals (after mineralization). For
metals if the amount exceed 10 % of the reference value, the rinsing shall also be performed with
HNO and H O ."
3 2 2
4.7.6 Conditioning, transport and storage
In the field of stationary source emissions several individual measurements are to be performed at the same
time. It is therefore wise to harmonise the operating conditions so that a combined sampling train can be
arranged and more important that the different measurands are defined on the same basis, especially
regarding the particulate/gaseous aspects.
For this purpose specify requirements for sample conditioning, transport and storage in view of subsequent
analysis in laboratory.
4.8 Validation of results and calculations
4.8.1 General
If two or more absorption stages are used, it is recommended to specify that the amount collected in the last
stage does not exceed a small fraction of the sum of the amount collected in all stages, e.g. 5 %.
4.8.2 Field blank check
Specify the verification or validation and calculations related to field blank as follows:
"The field blank value shall not be deducted from the measured value.
The field blank value shall be less than . % of the measured value or of the limit value to which the
measurement result is to be compared.
If the calculated measured value is less than the previously determined blank value, the reported result
is defined as less or equal to the blank value."
NOTE The percentage value depends on the specific measurement method.
4.9 Measurement report
4.9.1 General
In the clause "Measurement report" the information required by the standard that defines the measurement
method used shall be clearly specified. Relevance of each for either the sampler or the analyst or both shall
be indicated as well as the interface requirements between sampler activities and the analyst activities. The
reported information by the supplier group shall all be incorporated in the measurement report to be prepared
by the group responsible of the whole measurement and that signs the overall report (the prime contractor as
described in CEN/TS 15675). Furthermore, this shall be made in a consistent way with the general
requirements specified in EN 15259.
NOTE 1 Since in situ sampling and analysis in the laboratory are two very different activities which are internally or
externally performed by distinct groups, it is vital in view of accreditation or of any auditing process that the requirements
that are to be fulfilled by the supplier group are easily identified. This should therefore allow to clearly identify the tasks to
be audited and concerning each groups, especially the leader group responsible for the whole measurement including
signing the overall test report.
10
---------------------- Page: 11 ----------------------
CEN/TS 15674:2007 (E)
The reported information shall be limited to the information concerning the measurement itself and reference
to EN 15259 shall be made for the general information.
NOTE 2 In the first generation of measurement standards for stationary source emission as developed by CEN/TC 264,
the reporting issue has been generally addressed in each individual measurement standard for the measurement of a
measurand. This includes information specific of the considered measurement as well as general information (plant
operation etc.) more relevant for an overall testing report. In view of the coming revision it was found more appropriate to
refer to EN 15259, since among other goals this standard aims at combining different individual measurements to built the
overall testing programme and produce an overall testing report incorporating all the information specific of the different
standardised measurement being used as well as the general information regarding the testing programme as agreed with
the customer.
4.9.2 Field blank
Specify the mandatory content of the measurement report related to field blank as follows:
"All field blank values shall be reported individually.
The field blank values related to reported measurement results shall be given together with these
measurement results."
4.10 Performance characteristics
The results of the variability tests of the validation of a reference method of measurement shall be presented
in the clause "Performance characteristics", especially repeatability and reproducibility as defined from an
user point of view.
NOTE 1 Annex B presents the different levels of development of air quality measurement standards with regards of
such experimental validation results.
Variability tests are conducted on the parallel measurements principle since the measurands in air quality
measurement cannot be maintained constant. Such tests require at least two laboratories operating each two
measurement systems. ISO 5725-5:1998 provides in Clause 5 the statistical tools appropriate for the air
quality situation of “non identical” samples. The overall observed variability is analysed in terms of:
repeatability;
reproducibility;
sample variability.
NOTE 2 A minimum of 10 parallel measurements should be planed for a given range of the measurand so as to make
sure that at least 6 pairs of valid results will be available for statistical calculation. It is to be noted that a larger number of
paired results provides a better estimate of the variability parameter.
An approach to assess uncertainty in routine situation should be prepared in accordance with EN ISO 20988
and ENV 13005.
For alternative methods, comparison to a reference method shall be assessed and documented in accordance
with CEN/TS 14793.
4.11 Annexes
It is strongly recommended to incorporate in an informative annex description of equipment which has been
evaluated during the validation tests, so as to facilitate the use of the standard, while making possible further
technical development. See examples in already published CEN/TC 264 standards.
It is also recommended to provide a figure showing the general assembly of the apparatus.
11
---------------------- Page: 12 ----------------------
CEN/TS 15674:2007 (E)
Annex A
(informative)
Terms and definitions for use in air quality standards
A.1 Terms and definitions relating to measurement
A.1.1
measurement
set of operations having the object of determining a value of a quantity
[VIM:1993, 2.1]
NOTE The operations can be performed automatically.
A.1.2
individual measurement
measurement carried out over a defined period of time
NOTE Information on the start and end time of the measurement can be of importance, e.g. in case of parallel
measurements of the reference method with an automated measuring system to be calibrated or validated.
[EN 15259:2007, 3.2]
A.1.3
periodic measurement
determination of a measurand at specified time intervals
NOTE The specified time intervals may be regular (e.g. once every month) or irregular. Measurands can include the
amount or physical property of an emission. Measurements are usually made using portable equipment for typically less
than 24 h.
[EN 15259:2007, 3.3]
A.1.4
grid measurement
determination of a measurand in a given grid of measurement points in the measurement plane
[EN 15259:2007, 3.4]
A.1.5
measurement series
successive measurements of the same measurand carried out at the same mea
...
Questions, Comments and Discussion
Ask us and Technical Secretary will try to provide an answer. You can facilitate discussion about the standard in here.