M/BC/CEN/92/45 - Water analysis

EN 1127-2 specifies methods for explosion prevention and protection in mining by outlining the basic concepts and methodology for the design and construction of equipment, protective systems and components. This European Standard applies to Group I equipment, protective systems and components intended for use in underground parts of mines and those parts of their surface installations at risk from firedamp and/or combustible dust. This European Standard specifies methods for the identification and assessment of hazardous situations that may lead to explosions and describes the design and construction measures appropriate for the required safety. This is achieved by - risk assessment; - risk reduction. The safety of equipment, protective systems, and components can be achieved by eliminating hazards and/or limiting the risk, i.e. a) by appropriate design (without using safeguarding); b) by safeguarding; c) by information for use; d) by any other preventive measures. Measures in accordance with a) (prevention) and b) (protection) against explosions are dealt with in Clause 6 of this standard; measures according to c) against explosions are dealt with in Clause 7 of this standard. Measures in accordance with d) are not described in this European Standard. They are dealt with in EN ISO 12100:2010, Clause 6. The preventive and protective measures described in this European Standard will not provide the required level of protection unless the equipment, protective systems and components are operated in line with their intended use and are installed and maintained according to the relevant codes of practice or requirements. This standard is applicable to any equipment, protective systems and components intended to be used in potentially explosive atmospheres. These atmospheres can arise from flammable materials processed, used or released by the equipment, protective systems and components or from materials in the vicinity of the equipment, protective systems and components and/or from the materials of construction of the equipment, protective systems and components. As shot firing can release potentially explosive atmospheres, this standard is also applicable to the equipment used for shot firing, apart from the explosives and detonators. This standard is applicable to equipment, protective systems and components at all stages of use. This standard is not applicable to: - medical devices intended for use in a medical environment; - equipment, protective systems and components where the explosion hazard results exclusively from the presence of explosives or unstable chemical substances; - equipment, protective systems and components where the explosion can result from reaction of substances with oxidising agents other than atmospheric oxygen or by other hazardous reactions or conditions other than atmospheric conditions; - equipment intended for use in domestic and non-commercial environments where explosive atmospheres may only rarely be created and solely as a result of the accidental leakage of fuel gas; - personal protective equipment covered by Directive 89/686/EEC; the design and construction of systems containing desired, controlled combustion processes, unless they can act as ignition sources in potentially explosive atmospheres; - mines where firedamp and/or combustible dust are not naturally present and surface installations such as coal preparation plants, power plants, coke oven plants etc. in which an explosive atmosphere can be present, but which are not part of a coal mine. These are covered by EN 1127-1:2011.

This European Standard specifies methods for explosion prevention and protection in mining by outlining the basic concepts and methodology for the design and construction of equipment, protective systems and components.
This European Standard applies to Group I equipment, protective systems and components intended for use in underground parts of mines and those parts of their surface installations at risk from firedamp and/or flammable dust.
NOTE   Detailed information on specific equipment, protective systems and components is contained in the relevant individual standards. Safety-relevant data regarding flammable materials and explosive atmospheres are required for the design and construction of the explosion protection measures.
This European Standard specifies methods for the identification and assessment of hazardous situations that may lead to explosions and describes the design and construction measures appropriate for the required safety. This is achieved by
-   risk assessment;
-   risk reduction.
The safety of equipment, protective systems, and components can be achieved by eliminating hazards and/or limiting the risk, i.e.
a)   by appropriate design (without using safeguarding);
b)   by safeguarding;
c)   by information for use;
d)   by any other preventive measures.
Measures in accordance with a) (prevention) and b) (protection) against explosions are dealt with in clause 6 of this standard, measures according to c) against explosions are dealt with in clause 7 of this standard. Mea¬sures in accordance with d) are not described in this European Standard. They are dealt with in EN ISO 12100:2010, clause 6.
The preventive and protective measures described in this European Standard will not provide the required level of safety unless the equipment, protective systems and components are operated in line with their intended use and are installed and maintained according to the relevant codes of practice or requirements.
This standard is applicable to any equipment, protective systems and components intended to be used in potentially explosive atmospheres. These atmospheres can arise from flammable materials processed, used or released by the equipment, protective systems and components or from materials in the vicinity of the equipment, protective systems and components and/or from the materials of construction of the equipment, protective systems and components.
As shot firing can release potentially explosive atmospheres, this standard is also applicable to the equipment used for shot firing, apart from the explosives and detonators.
This standard is applicable to equipment, protective systems and components at all stages of use.
This standard is not applicable to:
-   medical devices intended for use in a medical environment;
-   equipment, protective systems and components where the explosion hazard results exclusively from the presence of explosives or unstable chemical substances;
-   equipment, protective systems and components where the explosion can result from reaction of substances with oxidising agents other than atmospheric oxygen or by other hazardous reactions or conditions other than atmospheric conditions;
-   equipment intended for use in domestic and non-commercial environments where explosive atmospheres may only rarely be created and solely as a result of the accidental leakage of fuel gas;
-   personal protective equipment covered by Directive 89/686/EEC; the design and construction of systems containing desired, controlled combustion processes, unless they can act as ignition sources in potentially explosive atmospheres;
-   mines where firedamp and/or flammable dust are not naturally present and surface installations such as coal preparation plants, power plants, coke oven plants etc. in which an explosive atmosphere can be present, but which are not part of a coal mine. These are covered by EN 1127-1:2011.

This European standard specifies a method for the direct determination of an amount of more than 10 microgram/l in water of organically bound chlorine, bromine and iodine (expressed as chloride) adsorbable on activated carbon. The concentration of inorganic chloride ions in the test sample (see clause 8) needs to be less than 1 g/l. Samples with higher concentrations need to be diluted prior to analysis. For samples containing suspended solids, halogens adsorbed onto the solid matter are also included.

ISO 9562:2004 specifies a method for the direct determination of an amount of usually 10 micrograms per litre in water of organically bound chlorine, bromine and iodine (expressed as chloride) adsorbable on activated carbon.
This method is applicable to test samples with concentrations of inorganic chloride ions of less than 1 g/l. Samples with higher concentrations are diluted prior to analysis.
This method is also applicable to samples containing suspended solids where halogens are adsorbed onto the solid matter (e.g. insoluble halides). Filtration of the sample before analysis allows the separate determination of dissolved and particulate adsorbable organically bound halogens (AOX).
Filtered samples with high inorganic chloride content can be analysed by a modified method [dissolved adsorbable organically bound halogens after solid phase extraction in waters with high salt content (SPE-AOX)]. However, results obtained by this modified method can differ significantly from those of the required method.

This European Standard specifies the extraction processes and gas chromatographic (GC) methods for determining parathion, parathion-methyl and some other organophosphorus compounds in drinking waters, surface waters and waste waters. This standard may also be suitable for the determination of other organic compounds. The range is dependent on the compound and the source of water and is typically up to 1 ug/l with a reporting limit of 0,001 ug/l for drinking waters involving a 1 000 to 1 extraction ratio.

Migrated from Progress Sheet (TC Comment) (2000-07-10): CEN/TC 230N285: V.A ISO lead + see file CEN/TC 230 CORR (TA/970918) ++ SPPJ_09_Y_199804 ++ 980120: ISO/DIS 10695-1 was sent out in June 1997 in ISO for ENQ. ISO agrees to ++ wait until we carry out our PQ because their texts for FDIS will not become ++ available before May/June 1998 (TA/980120)

Migrated from Progress Sheet (TC Comment) (2000-07-10): CEN/TC 230N285: V.A ISO lead + see file CEN/TC 230 CORR (TA/970918) ++ SPPJ_09_Y_199804 ++ 980120: ISO/DIS 10695-1 was sent out in June 1997 in ISO for ENQ. ISO agrees to ++ wait until we carry out our PQ because their texts for FDIS will not become ++ available before May/June 1998 (TA/980120)

This European Standard describes the gas chromatographic determination of 19 chlorophenols (2-, 3-, and 4- chlorophenol, 2,3-, 2,4-, 2,5-, 2,6-, 3,4- and 3,5-dichlorophenol, 2,3,4-, 2,3,5-, 2,3,6-, 2,4,5-, 2,4,6- and 3,4,5-trichlorophenol, 2,3,4,5-, 2,3,4,6-, and 2,3,5,6-tetrachlorophenol and pentachlorophenol) in drinking water, groundwater, rainwater, waste water, sea water and surface water.

This European Standard specifies the extraction processes and gas chromatographic (GC) methods for determining parathion, parathion-methyl and some other organophosphorus compounds in drinking waters, surface waters and waste waters. This standard may also be suitable for the determination of other organic compounds. The range is dependent on the compound and the source of water and is typically up to 1 ug/l with a reporting limit of 0,001 ug/l for drinking waters involving a 1 000 to 1 extraction ratio.

This European Standard describes the gas chromatographic determination of 19 chlorophenols (2-, 3-, and 4- chlorophenol, 2,3-, 2,4-, 2,5-, 2,6-, 3,4- and 3,5-dichlorophenol, 2,3,4-, 2,3,5-, 2,3,6-, 2,4,5-, 2,4,6- and 3,4,5-trichlorophenol, 2,3,4,5-, 2,3,4,6-, and 2,3,5,6-tetrachlorophenol and pentachlorophenol) in drinking water, groundwater, rainwater, waste water, sea water and surface water.

Standard confirmed by resolution 281/2002

Describes a method for determining certain organochlorine insecticides, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and chlorobenzenes (except the mono- and dichlorobenzenes) in drinking water, ground water, surface waters and waste waters. The method is applicable to samples containing up to 0,05 g/l of suspended solids.

This European Standard specifies two methods for the determination of chromium in water by atomic absorption spectrometry. The two methods are covered in separate sections as follows. Section 2: Method A - Determination of chromium by flame atomic absorption spectrometry. Section 3: Method B - Determination of chromium by electrothermal atomization atomic absorption spectrometry.

Standard confirmed by resolution 281/2002

Describes a method for determining certain organochlorine insecticides, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and chlorobenzenes (except the mono- and dichlorobenzenes) in drinking water, ground water, surface waters and waste waters. The method is applicable to samples containing up to 0,05 g/l of suspended solids.

This European Standard specifies two methods for the determination of chromium in water by atomic absorption spectrometry. The two methods are covered in separate sections as follows. Section 2: Method A - Determination of chromium by flame atomic absorption spectrometry. Section 3: Method B - Determination of chromium by electrothermal atomization atomic absorption spectrometry.

Specifies two methods for the determination of cadmium: using atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS) in an air-acetylene flame (aspiration of the acidified sample into the flame and measurement of the cadmium concentration at a wavelength of 228,8 nm) and by electrothermal atomization AAS (injection of the acidified sample into an electrically heated graphite tube of an electrothermal atomization atomic absorption spectrometer and measurement of the absorbance at a wavelength of 228,8 nm).

Specifies two methods for the determination of cadmium: using atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS) in an air-acetylene flame (aspiration of the acidified sample into the flame and measurement of the cadmium concentration at a wavelength of 228,8 nm) and by electrothermal atomization AAS (injection of the acidified sample into an electrically heated graphite tube of an electrothermal atomization atomic absorption spectrometer and measurement of the absorbance at a wavelength of 228,8 nm).

This European Standard specifies two methods for the determination of mercury. For the method described in Clause 4, tin(II) chloride is used as the reducing agent. For the method given in Clause 5, sodium borohydride serves as the reducing agent. The choice of method depends on the equipment available and the matrix (see Clause 3). Both methods are suitable for the determination of mercury in water, for example in drinking, ground, surface and waste waters, in a concentration range from 0,1 µg/l to 10 µg/l. Higher concentrations can be determined if the water sample is diluted. Lower concentrations in the range of 0,001 µg/l to 5 µg/l can be determined if special mercury analysers with an optimised instrument are used or if atomic fluorescence spectrometry is applied (see EN 13506 or ISO 17852).

This European Standard specifies the determination of mercury in two parts which use either tin(II)chloride or sodium tetrahydroborate as reducing agent. The methods described in clauses 4 and 5 are suitable for the determination of mercury in water, for example in ground, surface and waste waters, in the concentration range from 0,01 microgram/l to 1 microgram/l. Higher concentrations may be determined if the water sample is diluted.

Describes a procedure for water and waste water. Is applicable to concentrations in the range from 0,001 to 0,1 mg/l. In case of compounds which are difficult to decompose a procedure of digestion is described in the annex. By suitable dilution of the test portion with arsenic-free water higher concentrations may also be determined.

This European Standard specifies two methods for the determination of mercury. For the method described in Clause 4, tin(II) chloride is used as the reducing agent. For the method given in Clause 5, sodium borohydride serves as the reducing agent. The choice of method depends on the equipment available and the matrix (see Clause 3). Both methods are suitable for the determination of mercury in water, for example in drinking, ground, surface and waste waters, in a concentration range from 0,1 µg/l to 10 µg/l. Higher concentrations can be determined if the water sample is diluted. Lower concentrations in the range of 0,001 µg/l to 5 µg/l can be determined if special mercury analysers with an optimised instrument are used or if atomic fluorescence spectrometry is applied (see EN 13506 or ISO 17852).

This European Standard specifies the determination of mercury in two parts which use either tin(II)chloride or sodium tetrahydroborate as reducing agent. The methods described in clauses 4 and 5 are suitable for the determination of mercury in water, for example in ground, surface and waste waters, in the concentration range from 0,01 microgram/l to 1 microgram/l. Higher concentrations may be determined if the water sample is diluted.

Describes a procedure for water and waste water. Is applicable to concentrations in the range from 0,001 to 0,1 mg/l. In case of compounds which are difficult to decompose a procedure of digestion is described in the annex. By suitable dilution of the test portion with arsenic-free water higher concentrations may also be determined.

This standard specifies two methods for the determination of mercury. In the method described in clause 4, tin(II)chloride is used as reducing agent. IN the method given in clause 5, sodium tetrahydroborate serves as reducing agent. The choice of the method depends on the equipment available and the matrix (see clause 3). Both methods are suitable for the determination of mercury in water, for example in ground, surface and waste waters, in the concentration range from 0,1 microgramm/L to 10 microgramm/L. Higher concentrations can be determined if the water sample is diluted.

This standard specifies two methods for the determination of mercury. In the method described in clause 4, tin(II)chloride is used as reducing agent. IN the method given in clause 5, sodium tetrahydroborate serves as reducing agent. The choice of the method depends on the equipment available and the matrix (see clause 3). Both methods are suitable for the determination of mercury in water, for example in ground, surface and waste waters, in the concentration range from 0,1 microgramm/L to 10 microgramm/L. Higher concentrations can be determined if the water sample is diluted.

This European standard specifies a method for the direct determination of an amount of more than 10 microgram/l in water of organically bound chlorine, bromine and iodine (expressed as chloride) adsorbable on activated carbon. The concentration of inorganic chloride ions in the test sample (see clause 8) needs to be less than 1 g/l. Samples with higher concentrations need to be diluted prior to analysis. For samples containing suspended solids, halogens adsorbed onto the solid matter are also included.

This European standard specifies a method for the direct determination of an amount of more than 10 microgram/l in water of organically bound chlorine, bromine and iodine (expressed as chloride) adsorbable on activated carbon. The concentration of inorganic chloride ions in the test sample (see clause 8) needs to be less than 1 g/l. Samples with higher concentrations need to be diluted prior to analysis. For samples containing suspended solids, halogens adsorbed onto the solid matter are also included.