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ASTM C209-20

(Test Method)

Standard Test Methods for Cellulosic Fiber Insulating Board

Standard Test Methods for Cellulosic Fiber Insulating Board

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 The test methods contained in this document are intended for cellulosic fiber insulating board as described in Specification C208. These test methods examine mechanical, physical and thermal properties, properties related to water absorption and water vapor exposure, and flammability related properties.  
4.2 The results of these tests are suitable to describe the performance of insulating board and are also suitable for use in material specifications.
Note 1: Committee C-16 is in the process of splitting this document into discrete test methods categorized by the nature of the test methods.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover those insulation products in specified Specification C208. The requirements for the products’ physical properties are specified in Specification C208. The methods for the general insulation products’ physical properties are given as follows:    
Section  
Thickness  
7  
Size of Finished Board  
8  
Thermal Conductivity  
9  
Transverse Strength  
10  
Deflection at Specified Minimum Load  
11  
Tensile Strength Parallel to Surface  
12  
Tensile Strength Perpendicular to Surface  
13  
Water Absorption  
14  
Linear Expansion  
15  
Water Vapor Transmission  
16  
Flame Spread Index  
17  
Moisture Content and Density  
18  
Compressive Strength  
19  
1.2 Reference is provided to an established source for nomenclature and definitions.  
1.3 Several of the test methods contained in this document are referenced by material specifications other than cellulosic fiber insulating board. These include mineral fiber, perlite, polyisocyanurate, polystyrene and phenolic materials.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

Status
Published
Publication Date
14-Mar-2020
ICS
27.220 - Heat recovery. Thermal insulation
Technical Committee
C16 - Thermal Insulation
Drafting Committee
C16.32 - Mechanical Properties
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Refers
ASTM C1763-20 - Standard Test Method for Water Absorption by Immersion of Thermal Insulation Materials
Effective Date
01-May-2020
Referred By
ASTM C728-17a(2022) - Standard Specification for Perlite Thermal Insulation Board
Effective Date
15-Mar-2020
Referred By
ASTM C208-22 - Standard Specification for Cellulosic Fiber Insulating Board
Effective Date
15-Mar-2020
Referred By
ASTM C1289-23 - Standard Specification for Faced Rigid Cellular Polyisocyanurate Thermal Insulation Board
Effective Date
15-Mar-2020
Referred By
ASTM E861-13(2021) - Standard Practice for Evaluating Thermal Insulation Materials for Use in Solar Collectors
Effective Date
15-Mar-2020
Referred By
ASTM C1696-20 - Standard Guide for Industrial Thermal Insulation Systems
Effective Date
15-Mar-2020

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Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: C209 − 20
Standard Test Methods for
1
Cellulosic Fiber Insulating Board
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C209; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope 2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
1.1 These test methods cover those insulation products in
C165 Test Method for Measuring Compressive Properties of
specified Specification C208. The requirements for the prod-
Thermal Insulations
ucts’ physical properties are specified in Specification C208.
C168 Terminology Relating to Thermal Insulation
The methods for the general insulation products’ physical
C177 Test Method for Steady-State Heat Flux Measure-
properties are given as follows:
ments and Thermal Transmission Properties by Means of
Section
the Guarded-Hot-Plate Apparatus
Thickness 7
Size of Finished Board 8
C208 Specification for Cellulosic Fiber Insulating Board
Thermal Conductivity 9
C303 Test Method for Dimensions and Density of Pre-
Transverse Strength 10
Deflection at Specified Minimum Load 11 formed Block and Board–Type Thermal Insulation
Tensile Strength Parallel to Surface 12
C518 Test Method for Steady-State Thermal Transmission
Tensile Strength Perpendicular to Surface 13
Properties by Means of the Heat Flow Meter Apparatus
Water Absorption 14
Linear Expansion 15 C870 Practice for Conditioning of Thermal Insulating Ma-
Water Vapor Transmission 16
terials
Flame Spread Index 17
C1045 Practice for Calculating Thermal Transmission Prop-
Moisture Content and Density 18
Compressive Strength 19 erties Under Steady-State Conditions
C1114 Test Method for Steady-State Thermal Transmission
1.2 Reference is provided to an established source for
Properties by Means of the Thin-Heater Apparatus
nomenclature and definitions.
C1616 Test Method for Determining the Moisture Content
1.3 Several of the test methods contained in this document
of Organic and Inorganic Insulation Materials by Weight
are referenced by material specifications other than cellulosic
C1763 Test Method for Water Absorption by Immersion of
fiber insulating board. These include mineral fiber, perlite,
Thermal Insulation Materials
polyisocyanurate, polystyrene and phenolic materials.
D1037 Test Methods for Evaluating Properties of Wood-
Base Fiber and Particle Panel Materials
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
D1554 Terminology Relating to Wood-Base Fiber and Par-
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
ticle Panel Materials
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
E84 Test Method for Surface Burning Characteristics of
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
Building Materials
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
E96/E96M Test Methods for Water Vapor Transmission of
1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-
Materials
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
3. Terminology
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
3.1 Definitions—The definitions of terms used in these
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
methods shall be in accordance with Definitions D1554 and
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Terminology C168.
3.2 cellulosic fiber insulating board—a fibrous-felted, ho-
mogeneous panel made from ligno-cellulosic fibers (usually
1
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C16 on
Thermal Insulation and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C16.32 on
2
Mechanical Properties. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved March 15, 2020. Published March 2020. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
approved in 1946. Last previous edition approved in 2015 as C209 – 15. DOI: Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
10.1520/C0209-20. the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
C209 − 20
3 3
wood ) and having a density of less than 31 lb/ft (497 kg/m ) in. (13 mm) shall be used. Pressure on the contacting surfaces
3 3
but more than 10 lb/ft (160 kg/m ). shall not
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: C209 − 15 C209 − 20
Standard Test Methods for
1
Cellulosic Fiber Insulating Board
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C209; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope
1.1 These test methods cover those insulation products in specified Specification C208. The requirements for the products’
physical properties are specified in Specification C208. The methods for the general insulation products’ physical properties are
given as follows:
Section
Thickness 7
Size of Finished Board 8
Thermal Conductivity 9
Transverse Strength 10
Deflection at Specified Minimum Load 11
Tensile Strength Parallel to Surface 12
Tensile Strength Perpendicular to Surface 13
Water Absorption 14
Linear Expansion 15
Water Vapor Transmission 16
Flame Spread Index 17
Moisture Content and Density 18
Compressive Strength 19
1.2 Reference is provided to an established source for nomenclature and definitions.
1.3 Several of the test methods contained in this document are referenced by material specifications other than cellulosic fiber
insulating board. These include mineral fiber, perlite, polyisocyanurate, polystyrene and phenolic materials.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine the
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 Several of the test methods contained in this document are referenced by material specifications other than cellulosic fiber
insulating board. These include mineral fiber, perlite, polyisocyanurate, polystyrene and phenolic materials.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
C165 Test Method for Measuring Compressive Properties of Thermal Insulations
C168 Terminology Relating to Thermal Insulation
C177 Test Method for Steady-State Heat Flux Measurements and Thermal Transmission Properties by Means of the
Guarded-Hot-Plate Apparatus
C208 Specification for Cellulosic Fiber Insulating Board
C303 Test Method for Dimensions and Density of Preformed Block and Board–Type Thermal Insulation
C518 Test Method for Steady-State Thermal Transmission Properties by Means of the Heat Flow Meter Apparatus
1
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C16 on Thermal Insulation and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C16.32 on Mechanical
Properties.
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2015March 15, 2020. Published October 2015March 2020. Originally approved in 1946. Last previous edition approved in 20122015
as C209 – 12.C209 – 15. DOI: 10.1520/C0209-15.10.1520/C0209-20.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
C209 − 20
C870 Practice for Conditioning of Thermal Insulating Materials
C1045 Practice for Calculating Thermal Transmission Properties Under Steady-State Conditions
C1114 Test Method for Steady-State Thermal Transmission Properties by Means of the Thin-Heater Apparatus
C1616 Test Method for Determining the Moisture Content of Organic and Inorganic Insulation Materials by Weight
C1763 Test Method for Water Absorption by Immersion of Thermal Insulation Materials
D1037 Test Methods for Evaluating Properties of Wood-Base Fiber and Particle Panel Materials
D1554 Terminology Relating to Wood-Base Fiber and Particle Panel Materials
E84 Test Method for Surface Burning Characteristics of Building Materials
E96/E96M Test Methods for Water Vapor Transmission of Materials
E177 Practice for Use of
...

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ASTM C1134-23(Test Method)
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4.1 Materials less than or equal to 15 mm (0.59 in.) in thickness shall not be tested in accordance with this test method in order to avoid complete immersion of the specimens. This type of exposure is beyond the scope of this test method.  
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5.1 Manufacturers of thermal insulation express the performance of their products in charts and tables showing heat gain or loss per unit surface area or unit length of pipe. This data is presented for typical insulation thicknesses, operating temperatures, surface orientations (facing up, down, horizontal, vertical), and in the case of pipes, different pipe sizes. The exterior surface temperature of the insulation is often shown to provide information on personnel protection or surface condensation. However, additional information on effects of wind velocity, jacket emittance, ambient conditions and other influential parameters may also be required to properly select an insulation system. Due to the large number of combinations of size, temperature, humidity, thickness, jacket properties, surface emittance, orientation, and ambient conditions, it is not practical to publish data for each possible case, Refs (7,8).  
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5.3 The use of analysis procedures described in this practice can also apply to designed or existing systems. In the rectangular coordinate system, Practice C680 can be applied to heat flows normal to flat, horizontal or vertical surfaces for all types of enclosures, such as boilers, furnaces, refrigerated chambers and building envelopes. In the cylindrical c...
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1.1 This practice provides the algorithms and calculation methodologies for predicting the heat loss or gain and surface temperatures of certain thermal insulation systems that can attain one dimensional, steady- or quasi-steady-state heat transfer conditions in field operations.  
1.2 This practice is based on the assumption that the thermal insulation systems can be well defined in rectangular, cylindrical or spherical coordinate systems and that the insulation systems are composed of homogeneous, uniformly dimensioned materials that reduce heat flow between two different temperature conditions.  
1.3 Qualified personnel familiar with insulation-systems design and analysis should resolve the applicability of the methodologies to real systems. The range and quality of the physical and thermal property data of the materials comprising the thermal insulation system limit the calculation accuracy. Persons using this practice must have a knowledge of the practical application of heat transfer theory relating to thermal insulation materials and systems.  
1.4 The computer program that can be generated from the algorithms and computational methodologies defined in this practice is described in Section 7 of this practice. The computer program is intended for flat slab, pipe and hollow sphere insulation systems.  
1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized pr...

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ASTM
ASTM C686-17(2023)(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Parting Strength of Mineral Fiber Batt- and Blanket-Type Insulation

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 Tensile strength is a fundamental property associated with mineral fiber manufacture since it is influenced by the type of fiber, the deposition of fiber, the type and the amount of bonding agent, and the method of curing the resin to form a bonded insulation product. The test is an indication of product integrity and the ability of the product to be successfully handled and applied in the field.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers evaluation of strength in tension on mineral fiber batt- and blanket-type insulation products. It is useful for determining the comparative tensile properties of these products, specimens of which cannot be held by the more conventional clamp-type grips. This is a quality control method, and the results shall not be used for design purposes. It is not suitable for board-type products.  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM C667-17(2022)(Specification)
Standard Specification for Prefabricated Reflective Insulation Systems for Equipment and Pipe Operating at Temperatures above Ambient Air

ABSTRACT
This specification covers the standard for all metal prefabricated, reflective insulation systems for equipment and piping operating at temperatures above ambient in air proposed for use in nuclear power-generating plants and industrial plants. The insulation unit is a rigid, self-contained, prefabricated metal construction made of an inner and outer casing arranged to form a rigid assembly with separated air spaces between the inner and outer casing and the individual reflective liners. The reflective insulation described herein is limited to systems of insulating units, designed to fit the equipment or piping to be insulated. The units shall be manufactured from metals that are in accordance with the thermal, physical, and chemical requirements not only of the insulation as unit, but also as an assembly of units forming the insulation system.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the requirements for all metal prefabricated, reflective insulation systems for equipment and piping operating in air at temperatures above ambient. Typical applications are in nuclear power-generating plants and industrial plants.  
1.2 Reflective insulation is thermal insulation that reduces radiant heat transfer across spaces by the use of surfaces of high reflectance and low emittance.  
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM C585-22(Practice)
Standard Practice for Inner and Outer Diameters of Thermal Insulation for Nominal Sizes of Pipe and Tubing

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 The purpose of this practice is to ensure satisfactory fit on standard sizes, to accommodate radial expansion of pipes and tubes which are heated after being insulated, and to minimize the number of insulation sizes and thicknesses to be manufactured and stocked.  
4.2 While it is possible to manufacturer insulation to these recommended dimensions, exercise care in attempting to nest layers of different materials, or layers supplied by different manufacturers. Individual manufacturing processes will operate at slightly different tolerances. While the product will fit the pipe, it is possible that it will not readily nest as the outer layer between the different materials, or with a different manufacturer, and possibly the same manufacturer. Exercise care to determine these differences before specifying or ordering nesting sizes.  
4.3 The wide range of outer diameter dimensional tolerances will prevent many pipe and tube insulations from nesting for staggered joints or double layered applications, or both unless specified when ordered from the manufacturer, distributor, or fabricator.  
4.4 Dimensions in accordance with this practice do not necessarily permit application of one thickness of pipe insulation over another (Nesting or Simplified Dimensional System) to obtain total thicknesses greater than those manufactured as single layer, or for multilayer application when desired.  
FIG. 3 Hinged Section Measurement Location
SCOPE
1.1 This practice is intended as a dimensional standard for preformed thermal insulation for pipes and tubing.  
1.2 This practice covers insulation supplied in cylindrical sections and lists recommended single layer inner and outer diameters of insulation having nominal wall thicknesses from 1/2 to 5 in. (13 to 127 mm) to fit over standard sizes of pipe and tubing.  
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values stated in SI units are provided for information only.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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  • Standard
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