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ASTM D116-86(2020)

(Test Method)

Standard Test Methods for Vitrified Ceramic Materials for Electrical Applications

Standard Test Methods for Vitrified Ceramic Materials for Electrical Applications

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 For any given ceramic composition, one or more of the properties covered herein may be of more importance for a given insulating application than the other properties. Thus, it may be appropriate that selected properties be specified for testing these ceramic materials.  
3.2 Pertinent statements of the significance of individual properties may be found in the sections pertaining to such properties.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods outline procedures for testing samples of vitrified ceramic materials that are to be used as electrical insulation. Where specified limits are mentioned herein, they shall not be interpreted as specification limits for completed insulators.  
1.2 These test methods are intended to apply to unglazed specimens, but they may be equally suited for testing glazed specimens. The report section shall indicate whether glazed or unglazed specimens were tested.  
1.3 The test methods appear as follows:    
Section  
Test Method  
Related
Standard(s)  
6  
Compressive Strength  
C773  
13  
Dielectric Strength  
D618, D149  
8  
Elastic Properties  
C623  
15  
Electrical Resistivity  
D618, D257, D1829  
7  
Flexural Strength  
C674, F417  
9  
Hardness  
C730, E18  
5  
Porosity  
C373  
14  
Relative Permittivity and Dissipation
Factor  
D150, D2149, D2520  
4  
Specific Gravity  
C20, C329, F77  
10  
Thermal Conductivity  
C177, C408  
12  
Thermal Expansion  
C539, E288  
11  
Thermal Shock Resistance  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific warning statements are given in 11.3, 13.5, and 15.3.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

Status
Published
Publication Date
31-Oct-2020
ICS
81.040.30 - Glass products
81.060.01 - Ceramics in general
Technical Committee
C21 - Ceramic Whitewares and Related Products
Drafting Committee
C21.03 - Methods for Whitewares and Environmental Concerns
Current Stage
Ref Project

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ASTM D116-86(2020) - Standard Test Methods for Vitrified Ceramic Materials for Electrical ApplicationsASTM D116-86(2020) - Standard Test Methods for Vitrified Ceramic Materials for Electrical Applications
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ASTM D116-86(2020) - Standard Test Methods for Vitrified Ceramic Materials for Electrical Applications
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This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D116 −86 (Reapproved 2020)
Standard Test Methods for
1
Vitrified Ceramic Materials for Electrical Applications
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D116; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope 2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
1.1 These test methods outline procedures for testing
samples of vitrified ceramic materials that are to be used as C20Test Methods forApparent Porosity, WaterAbsorption,
Apparent Specific Gravity, and Bulk Density of Burned
electrical insulation. Where specified limits are mentioned
herein, they shall not be interpreted as specification limits for Refractory Brick and Shapes by Boiling Water
completed insulators. C177Test Method for Steady-State Heat Flux Measure-
ments and Thermal Transmission Properties by Means of
1.2 These test methods are intended to apply to unglazed
the Guarded-Hot-Plate Apparatus
specimens, but they may be equally suited for testing glazed
C329Test Method for Specific Gravity of Fired Ceramic
specimens. The report section shall indicate whether glazed or
Whiteware Materials
unglazed specimens were tested.
C373Test Methods for Determination of Water Absorption
1.3 The test methods appear as follows:
andAssociated Properties byVacuum Method for Pressed
Related
Ceramic Tiles and Glass Tiles and Boil Method for
Section Test Method
Standard(s)
Extruded Ceramic Tiles and Non-tile Fired Ceramic
6 Compressive Strength C773
13 Dielectric Strength D618, D149 Whiteware Products
8 Elastic Properties C623
C408Test Method for Thermal Conductivity of Whiteware
15 Electrical Resistivity D618, D257, D1829
Ceramics
7 Flexural Strength C674, F417
9 Hardness C730, E18 C539Test Method for Linear Thermal Expansion of Porce-
5 Porosity C373
lain Enamel and Glaze Frits and Ceramic Whiteware
14 Relative Permittivity and Dissipation D150, D2149, D2520
Materials by Interferometric Method
Factor
4 Specific Gravity C20, C329, F77 C623Test Method for Young’s Modulus, Shear Modulus,
10 Thermal Conductivity C177, C408
and Poisson’s Ratio for Glass and Glass-Ceramics by
12 Thermal Expansion C539, E288
Resonance
11 Thermal Shock Resistance
C674Test Methods for Flexural Properties of Ceramic
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
Whiteware Materials
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
C730Test Method for Knoop Indentation Hardness of Glass
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
C773Test Method for Compressive (Crushing) Strength of
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
Fired Whiteware Materials
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
D149Test Method for Dielectric Breakdown Voltage and
Specific warning statements are given in 11.3, 13.5, and 15.3.
DielectricStrengthofSolidElectricalInsulatingMaterials
1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-
at Commercial Power Frequencies
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
D150Test Methods forAC Loss Characteristics and Permit-
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
tivity (Dielectric Constant) of Solid Electrical Insulation
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
D257Test Methods for DC Resistance or Conductance of
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
Insulating Materials
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
D618Practice for Conditioning Plastics for Testing
D638Test Method for Tensile Properties of Plastics
1
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C21 on
Ceramic Whitewares and Related Products and is the direct responsibility of
2
Subcommittee C21.03 on Methods for Whitewares and Environmental Concerns. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2020. Published December 2020. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
approved in 1921. Last previous edition approved in 2016 as D116–86(2016). Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
DOI: 10.1520/D0116-86R20. the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D116 − 86 (2020)
NOTE 1—Test Method C373
...

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Note 1: Elastic here means that an application of stress within the elastic limit of that material making up the body being stressed will cause an instantaneous and uniform deformation, which will cease upon removal of the stress, with the body returning instantly to its original size and shape without an energy loss. Glass and glass-ceramic materials conform to this definition well enough that this test is meaningful.
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Sections  
Tension  
7 to 14  
Bend  
15  
Hardness  
16  
Brinell  
17  
Rockwell  
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Portable  
19  
Impact  
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Keywords  
32  
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Tubular Products  
Annex A2  
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Annex A3  
Round Wire Products  
Annex A4  
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Annex A5  
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Annex A6    
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Annex A7  
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Annex A9  
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Standard Guide for the Selection and Use of Waterstops

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This guide is intended to be used in the selection and installation of waterstops in cast-in-place concrete construction. This guide is intended to assist the building owner, owner’s representative, architect, engineer, contractor, and/or authorized inspector during the specification and installation of waterstops.  
4.2 This guide is applicable to cast-in-place concrete construction. The use of this guide may not be appropriate for installation of waterstops in other types of concrete construction, including but not limited to, pneumatically applied (that is, shotcrete) and precast concrete construction.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide covers the use of waterstops within cast-in-place concrete construction. Waterstops are generally placed within static, non-moving construction joints in concrete to close off the joint to water, which may be under significant hydrostatic pressure. They are used as part of the overall waterproofing strategy for a building or other structure. Expansion and other types of moving joints may require the use of waterstops, which can accommodate the anticipated movement of the structure and are beyond the scope of this guide.  
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents: therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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