ASTM E273-01
(Practice)Standard Practice for Ultrasonic Examination of the Weld Zone of Welded Pipe and Tubing
Standard Practice for Ultrasonic Examination of the Weld Zone of Welded Pipe and Tubing
SCOPE
1.1 This practice describes general ultrasonic examination procedures for the detection of discontinuities in the weld and adjacent heat affected zones of welded pipe and tubing by scanning with relative motion between the search unit and pipe or tube. When contact or unfocused immersion search units are employed, this practice is intended for tubular products having specified outside diameters ≥2 in. (≥50 mm) and specified wall thicknesses of 1/8to 1 1/16 in. (3 to 27 mm). When properly focused immersion search units are employed, this practice may also be applied to material of smaller diameter and thinner wall.Note 1—When contact or unfocused immersion search units are used, precautions should be exercised when examining pipes or tubes near the lower specified limits. Certain combinations of search unit size, frequency, thin-wall thicknesses, and small diameters could cause generation of unwanted sound waves that may produce erroneous examination results.
1.2 All surfaces of material to be examined in accordance with this practice shall be clean from scale, dirt, burrs, slag, spatter or other conditions that would interfere with the examination results. The configuration of the weld must be such that interfering signals are not generated by reflections from it. Treatment of the inner surface and outer surface weld beads such as trimming ("scarfing") or rolling is often required to remove protuberances that could result in spurious reflections.
1.3 This practice does not establish acceptance criteria, they must be specified by the using parties.
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The SI equivalents are in parentheses and may be approximate.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation: E 273 – 01
Standard Practice for
Ultrasonic Examination of the Weld Zone of Welded Pipe
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and Tubing
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E 273; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
2 bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.1 This practice describes general ultrasonic examination
procedures for the detection of discontinuities in the weld and
2. Referenced Documents
adjacent heat affected zones of welded pipe and tubing by
2.1 ASTM Standards:
scanning with relative motion between the search unit and pipe
E 543 Practice for Agencies Performing Nondestructive
or tube.When contact or unfocused immersion search units are
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Testing
employed, this practice is intended for tubular products having
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E 1316 Terminology for Nondestructive Examinations
specified outside diameters $2 in. ($50 mm) and specified
2.2 ASNT Documents
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wall thicknesses of ⁄8 to 1 ⁄16 in. (3 to 27 mm). When properly
Recommended Practice SNT-TC-1A Personnel Qualifica-
focused immersion search units are employed, this practice
tion and Certification in Nondestructive Testing
may also be applied to material of smaller diameter and thinner
wall.
3. Terminology
NOTE 1—When contact or unfocused immersion search units are used,
3.1 Definitions—For definitions of terms used in this prac-
precautions should be exercised when examining pipes or tubes near the
tice, see Terminology E 1316.
lowerspecifiedlimits.Certaincombinationsofsearchunitsize,frequency,
thin–wall thicknesses, and small diameters could cause generation of
4. Summary of Practice
unwanted sound waves that may produce erroneous examination results.
4.1 A pulsed ultrasonic angle beam shall be propagated in
1.2 All surfaces of material to be examined in accordance
the wall of the pipe or tube by either the surface contact or
with this practice shall be clean from scale, dirt, burrs, slag,
immersion method. Fig. 1 illustrates the characteristic oblique
spatter or other conditions that would interfere with the
sound entry into the pipe wall for both contact and immersion
examination results. The configuration of the weld must be
examination from one search unit.
such that interfering signals are not generated by reflections
NOTE 2—The immersion examination method may include tanks,
from it. Treatment of the inner surface and outer surface weld
wheel search units, or bubbler systems.
beads such as trimming (“scarfing”) or rolling is often required
to remove protuberances that could result in spurious reflec- 4.2 The weld line shall be examined from both sides to
tions. ensure detection of imperfections with a shape or orientation
1.3 This practice does not establish acceptance criteria, they that produces a preferential direction of reflection.
must be specified by the using parties.
5. Apparatus
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
as the standard. The SI equivalents are in parentheses and may 5.1 The instruments and accessory equipment shall be
capable of producing, receiving, amplifying, and displaying
be approximate.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the electrical pulses at frequencies and pulse rates deemed neces-
sary by the using parties. They shall be capable of distinguish-
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro- ing the reference reflectors described in Section 7 to the extent
required in the standardization procedure outlined in Section 9.
5.2 For pulse echo examination systems, the contact or
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immersion search units should produce ultrasonic waves that
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E07 on Nonde-
structive Testing and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E07.06 on
travel in the pipe or tube wall at a refracted angle of from 35°
Ultrasonic Method.
to 70° and perpendicular to the weld seam. For pitch/catch or
Current edition approved July 10, 2001. Published September 2001. Originally
published as E 273 – 65 T. Last previous edition E 273 – 93.
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For ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code applications see related Practice
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SE-273 in Section II of that Code. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 03.03.
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E273–01
6.1.3 Standardization of examination sensitivity
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