ASTM C114-11b
(Test Method)Standard Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Hydraulic Cement
Standard Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Hydraulic Cement
ABSTRACT
These test methods cover the chemical analyses of hydraulic cements. Specific chemical test methods are grouped as reference test methods and alternative test methods. The reference test methods are long accepted classical chemical test methods which provide a reasonably well-integrated basic scheme of analysis for hydraulic cements and are also required for referee analysis in those cases where conformance to chemical specification requirements are questioned. Apparatus and materials for the test method include balance, weights, glassware and laboratory containers, desiccators, filter paper, crucibles, and muffle furnace. Standard reagents for the test method shall be used within the limits of the specification. These reagents shall include purity agents, water, repackaged reagents, concentrated acids and ammonium hydroxide, nonstandardized solutions, and indicator solutions. Sample preparation and general test procedures shall be followed according to the specification. General procedures include sample weighing, taring of crucibles, weighing of ignited residues, volatilization of platinum, chemical analyses, and calculation. Reporting of analyses shall be of the following order: major components, minor components, and separate determinations. Reference test methods and procedures include determination of insoluble residue, silicon dioxide, ammonium hydroxide group, ferric oxide, phosphorus pentoxide, titanium dioxide, zinc oxide, aluminum oxide, calcium oxide, magnesium oxide, sulfur, loss on ignition, sodium and potassium oxides, manganic oxide, chloride, chloroform-soluble organic substances. Alternative test methods and procedures include determination of calcium oxide, calcium dioxide, magnesium oxide, loss on ignition, titanium dioxide, phosphorus pentoxide, manganic oxide, and free calcium oxide. The standardization used for qualification and for analysis of each constituent shall be determined by valid curve-fitting procedures.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover the chemical analyses of hydraulic cements. Any test methods of demonstrated acceptable precision and bias may be used for analysis of hydraulic cements, including analyses for referee and certification purposes, as explained in Section 4. Specific chemical test methods are provided for ease of reference for those desiring to use them. They are grouped as Reference Test Methods and Alternative Test Methods. The reference test methods are long accepted classical chemical test methods which provide a reasonably well-integrated basic scheme of analysis for hydraulic cements. The alternative test methods generally provide individual determination of specific analytes and may be used alone or as alternates and determinations within the basic scheme at the option of the analyst and as indicated in the individual method.
1.2 Contents:
SectionSubject
2Referenced Documents 4Description of Referee Analyses 4.1Referee Analyses 5Qualification for Different Analyses 5.1Certified Reference Materials 5.2Requirements for Qualification Testing 5.3Alternative Analyses 5.4Performance Requirements for Rapid Test Methods 6General 6.1Interferences and Limitations 6.2Apparatus and Materials 6.3Reagents 6.4Sample Preparation 6.5General Procedures 6.6Recommended Order for Reporting Analyses Reference Test Methods
7Insoluble Residue 8Silicon Dioxide 8.2Cements with Insoluble Residue Less Than 1 % 8.3Cements with Insoluble Residue Greater Than 1 % 9Ammonium Hydroxide Group 10Ferric Oxide 11Phosphorus Pentoxide 12Titanium Dioxide 13Zinc Oxide 14Aluminum Oxide 15Calcium Oxide 16Magnesium Oxide 17Sulfur 17.1Sulfur Trioxide 17.2Sulfide 18Loss On Ignition 18.1Portland Cement 18.2Portland Blast-Furnace Slag Cement and Slag Cement 19Sodium and Potassium Oxides 19.1Total Alkalis 19.2Water-Soluble Alkalis 20Manganic Oxide 21Chloride 22Chloroform-Soluble Organic Substances Alternative Test Methods
23Calcium Oxide 24Carbon Dioxide 25Magnesium Oxide 2...
General Information
Relations
Buy Standard
Standards Content (Sample)
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: C114 − 11b
StandardTest Methods for
1
Chemical Analysis of Hydraulic Cement
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C114; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
11 Phosphorus Pentoxide
12 Titanium Dioxide
1.1 These test methods cover the chemical analyses of
13 Zinc Oxide
hydraulic cements. Any test methods of demonstrated accept- 14 Aluminum Oxide
15 Calcium Oxide
able precision and bias may be used for analysis of hydraulic
16 Magnesium Oxide
cements, including analyses for referee and certification
17 Sulfur
purposes, as explained in Section 4. Specific chemical test 17.1 Sulfur Trioxide
17.2 Sulfide
methodsareprovidedforeaseofreferenceforthosedesiringto
18 Loss On Ignition
use them. They are grouped as Reference Test Methods and
18.1 Portland Cement
18.2 Portland Blast-Furnace Slag Cement and Slag Cement
Alternative Test Methods. The reference test methods are long
19 Sodium and Potassium Oxides
accepted classical chemical test methods which provide a
19.1 Total Alkalis
reasonably well-integrated basic scheme of analysis for hy-
19.2 Water-Soluble Alkalis
20 Manganic Oxide
drauliccements.Thealternativetestmethodsgenerallyprovide
21 Chloride
individual determination of specific analytes and may be used
22 Chloroform-Soluble Organic Substances
alone or as alternates and determinations within the basic
Alternative Test Methods
23 Calcium Oxide
scheme at the option of the analyst and as indicated in the
24 Carbon Dioxide
individual method.
25 Magnesium Oxide
26 Loss on Ignition
1.2 Contents:
26.1 Portland Blast-Furnace Slag Cement and Slag Cement
27 Titanium Dioxide
28 Phosphorus Pentoxide
29 Manganic Oxide
Section Subject
30 Free Calcium Oxide
2 Referenced Documents
Appendices Title
4 Description of Referee Analyses
Appendix X1 Example of Determination of Equivalence Point
4.1 Referee Analyses
for the Chloride Determination
5 Qualification for Different Analyses
Appendix X2 CO Determinations in Hydraulic Cements
2
5.1 Certified Reference Materials
5.2 Requirements for Qualification Testing
5.3 Alternative Analyses
5.4 Performance Requirements for Rapid Test Methods
6 General 1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
6.1 Interferences and Limitations
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
6.2 Apparatus and Materials
standard.
6.3 Reagents
6.4 Sample Preparation
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
6.5 General Procedures
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
6.6 Recommended Order for Reporting Analyses
Reference Test Methods responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
7 Insoluble Residue
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
8 Silicon Dioxide
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. See 8.3.2.1 and
8.2 Cements with Insoluble Residue Less Than 1 %
8.3 Cements with Insoluble Residue Greater Than 1 %
16.4.1 for specific caution statements.
9 Ammonium Hydroxide Group
10 Ferric Oxide
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
1
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C01 on
CementandarethedirectresponsibilityofSubcommitteeC01.23onCompositional
2
Analysis. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved Aug. 1, 2011. Published August 2011. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
approved in 1934. Last previous edition approved in 2011 as C114-11a. DOI: Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
10.1520/C0114-11B. the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
C114 − 11b
C25Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Limestone,
Quicklime, and Hydrated Lime
D1193Specification for Reagent Water
1
---------------------- Page: 2 ----------------------
C114 − 11b
A
TABLE 1 Maximum Permissible Variations in Results
E29Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to
(Column 3)
Determine Conformance with Specifications
Maximum
E275PracticeforDescribingandMeasuringPerformanceof
(Column 2) Difference of
Ultraviolet and Visible Spectrophotometers
Maximum the
(Column 1)
Difference Average of
E350Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Carbon Steel,
Analyte
Between Duplicates from
Low-Alloy Steel, Silicon Electrical Steel, Ingot Iron, and B
Duplicates CRM
Wrought Iron
Certificate
C,D,B
Values
E617Sp
...
This document is not anASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of anASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:C114–11a Designation: C114 – 11b
Standard Test Methods for
1
Chemical Analysis of Hydraulic Cement
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C114; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 These test methods cover the chemical analyses of hydraulic cements. Any test methods of demonstrated acceptable
precision and bias may be used for analysis of hydraulic cements, including analyses for referee and certification purposes, as
explained in Section 34. Specific chemical test methods are provided for ease of reference for those desiring to use them. They
are grouped as Reference Test Methods and Alternative Test Methods. The reference test methods are long accepted classical
chemical test methods which provide a reasonably well-integrated basic scheme of analysis for hydraulic cements.The alternative
test methods generally provide individual determination of specific analytes and may be used alone or as alternates and
determinations within the basic scheme at the option of the analyst and as indicated in the individual method.
1.2 Contents:
Section Subject
2 Referenced Documents
3 Description of Referee Analyses
4 Description of Referee Analyses
3.1 Referee Analyses
4.1 Referee Analyses
4 Qualification for Different Analyses
5 Qualification for Different Analyses
4.1 Certified Reference Materials
5.1 Certified Reference Materials
4.2 Requirements for Qualification Testing
5.2 Requirements for Qualification Testing
4.3 Alternative Analyses
5.3 Alternative Analyses
4.4 Performance Requirements for Rapid Test Methods
5.4 Performance Requirements for Rapid Test Methods
5 General
6 General
5.1 Interferences and Limitations
6.1 Interferences and Limitations
5.2 Apparatus and Materials
6.2 Apparatus and Materials
5.3 Reagents
6.3 Reagents
5.4 Sample Preparation
6.4 Sample Preparation
5.5 General Procedures
6.5 General Procedures
5.6 Recommended Order for Reporting Analyses
6.6 Recommended Order for Reporting Analyses
Reference Test Methods
6 Insoluble Residue
7 Insoluble Residue
7 Silicon Dioxide
8 Silicon Dioxide
7.2 Cements with Insoluble Residue Less Than 1 %
8.2 Cements with Insoluble Residue Less Than 1 %
7.3 Cements with Insoluble Residue Greater Than 1 %
8.3 Cements with Insoluble Residue Greater Than 1 %
8 Ammonium Hydroxide Group
9 Ammonium Hydroxide Group
9 Ferric Oxide
1
ThesetestmethodsareunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeC01onCementandarethedirectresponsibilityofSubcommitteeC01.23onCompositionalAnalysis.
Current edition approved AprilAug. 1, 2011. Published MayAugust 2011. Originally approved in 1934. Last previous edition approved in 2011 as C114-11a. DOI:
10.1520/C0114-11AB.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
C114 – 11b
10 Ferric Oxide
10 Phosphorus Pentoxide
11 Phosphorus Pentoxide
11 Titanium Dioxide
12 Titanium Dioxide
12 Zinc Oxide
13 Zinc Oxide
13 Aluminum Oxide
14 Aluminum Oxide
14 Calcium Oxide
15 Calcium Oxide
15 Magnesium Oxide
16 Magnesium Oxide
16 Sulfur
17 Sulfur
16.1 Sulfur Trioxide
17.1 Sulfur Trioxide
16.2 Sulfide
17.2 Sulfide
17 Loss On Ignition
18 Loss On Ignition
17.1 Portland Cement
18.1 Portland Cement
17.2 Portland Blast-Furnace Slag Cement and Slag Cement
18.2 Portland Blast-Furnace Slag Cement and Slag Cement
18 Sodium and Potassium Oxides
19 Sodium and Potassium Oxides
18.1 Total Alkalis
19.1 Total Alkalis
18.2 Water-Soluble Alkalis
19.2 Water-Soluble Alkalis
19 Manganic Oxide
20 Manganic Oxide
20 Chloride
21 Chloride
21 Chloroform-Soluble Organic Substances
22 Chloroform-Soluble Organic Substances
Alternative Test Methods
22 Calcium Oxide
23 Calcium Oxide
23 Carbon Dioxide
24 Carbon Dioxide
24 Magnesium Oxide
25 Magnesium Oxide
25 Loss on Ignition
26 Loss on Ignition
25.1 Portland Blast-Furnace Slag Cement and Slag Cement
26.1 Portland Blast-Furnace Slag Cement and Slag Cement
26 Titanium Dioxide
27 Titanium Dioxide
27 Phosphorus Pentoxide
28 Phosphorus Pentoxide
28 Manganic Oxide
29 Manganic Oxide
29 Free Calcium Oxide
30 Free Calcium Oxide
Appendices Title
Appendix X1 Example of Determination of Equivalence Point
for the Chloride Determination
Appendix X2 CO Det
...
Questions, Comments and Discussion
Ask us and Technical Secretary will try to provide an answer. You can facilitate discussion about the standard in here.