ASTM D2502-14(2019)
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Estimation of Mean Relative Molecular Mass of Petroleum Oils from Viscosity Measurements
Standard Test Method for Estimation of Mean Relative Molecular Mass of Petroleum Oils from Viscosity Measurements
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This test method provides a means of calculating the mean relative molecular mass of petroleum oils from another physical measurement.
4.2 Mean relative molecular mass is a fundamental physical constant that can be used in conjunction with other physical properties to characterize hydrocarbon mixtures.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the estimation of the mean relative molecular mass of petroleum oils from kinematic viscosity measurements at 100 °F and 210 °F (37.78 °C and 98.89 °C).2 It is applicable to samples with mean relative molecular masses in the range from 250 to 700 and is intended for use with average petroleum fractions. It should not be applied indiscriminately to oils that represent extremes of composition or possess an exceptionally narrow mean relative molecular mass range.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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Designation: D2502 − 14 (Reapproved 2019)
Standard Test Method for
Estimation of Mean Relative Molecular Mass of Petroleum
Oils from Viscosity Measurements
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2502; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope D7042 Test Method for Dynamic Viscosity and Density of
Liquids by Stabinger Viscometer (and the Calculation of
1.1 This test method covers the estimation of the mean
Kinematic Viscosity)
relative molecular mass of petroleum oils from kinematic
2.2 ASTM Adjuncts:
viscosity measurements at 100 °F and 210 °F (37.78 °C and
2 Mean Relative Molecular Mass of Petroleum Oils from
98.89 °C). It is applicable to samples with mean relative
Viscosity Measurements
molecular masses in the range from 250 to 700 and is intended
for use with average petroleum fractions. It should not be
3. Summary of Test Method
applied indiscriminately to oils that represent extremes of
3.1 The kinematic viscosity of the oil is determined at
composition or possess an exceptionally narrow mean relative
100 °F and 210 °F (37.78 °C and 98.89 °C).Afunction “H”of
molecular mass range.
the 100 °F viscosity is established by reference to a tabulation
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
of H function versus 100 °F viscosity. The H value and the
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
210 °F viscosity are then used to estimate the mean relative
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
molecular mass from a correlation chart.
and are not considered standard.
4. Significance and Use
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the 4.1 This test method provides a means of calculating the
mean relative molecular mass of petroleum oils from another
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter- physical measurement.
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
4.2 Mean relative molecular mass is a fundamental physical
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
constant that can be used in conjunction with other physical
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
properties to characterize hydrocarbon mixtures.
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom- 5. Procedure
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
5.1 Determine the kinematic viscosity of the oil at 100 °F
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
and 210 °F (37.78 °C and 98.89 °C) as described in Test
Method D445 or Test Method D7042.
2. Referenced Documents
3 5.2 LookinTable1for100 °F(37.78 °C)viscosityandread
2.1 ASTM Standards:
the value of H that corresponds to the measured viscosity.
D445 Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent
Linear interpolation between adjacent columns may be re-
and Opaque Liquids (and Calculation of Dynamic Viscos-
quired.
ity)
5.3 Read the viscosity-mean relative molecular mass chart
for H and 210 °F (98.89 °C) viscosity. A simplified version of
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
thischartisshowninFig.1forillustrationpurposesonly(Note
Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of
Subcommittee D02.04.0K on Correlative Methods.
1). Interpolate where necessary between adjacent lines of
Current edition approved May 1, 2019. Published June 2019. Originally
210 °F viscosity. After locating the point corresponding to the
approved in 1966. Last previous edition approved in 2014 as D2502 – 14. DOI:
value of H (ordinate) and the 210 °F viscosity (superimposed
10.1520/D2502-14R19.
Hirschler, A. E., Journal of the Institute of Petroleum, JIPEA, Vol 32, 1946, p. lines), read the mean relative molecular mass along the
133.
abscissa.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Available from ASTM International Headquarters. Order Adjunct No.
the ASTM website. ADJD2502.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
D2502 − 14 (2019)
TABLE 1 Tabulation ofH Function
Kinematic
Viscosity,
H
cSt at 100 °F
(37.78 °C)
0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8
2 −178 −151 −126 −104 −85
3 −67 −52 −38 −25 −13
4 −1 9 19 28 36
544 52 59 66 73
6 79 85 90 96 101
7 106 111 116 120 124
8 128 132 136 140 144
9 147 151 154 157 160
10 163 166 169 172 175
11 178 180 183 185 188
12 190 192 195 197 199
13 201 203 206 208 210
14 211 213 215 217 219
15 221 222 224 226 227
16 229 231 232 234 235
17 237 238 240 241 243
18 244 245 247 248 249
19 251 252 253 255 256
20 257 258 259 261 262
21 263 264 265 266 267
22 269 270 271 272 273
23 274 275 276 277 278
24 279 280 281 281 282
25 283 284 285 286 287
26 288 289 289 290 291
27 292 293 294 294 295
28 296 297 298 298 299
29 300 301 301 302 303
30 304 304 305 306 306
31 307 308 308 309 310
32 310 311 312 312 313
33 314 314 315 316 316
34 317 317 318 319 319
35 320 320 321 322 322
36 323 323 32
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D2502 − 14 D2502 − 14 (Reapproved 2019)
Standard Test Method for
Estimation of Mean Relative Molecular Mass of Petroleum
Oils from Viscosity Measurements
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2502; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*Scope
1.1 This test method covers the estimation of the mean relative molecular mass of petroleum oils from kinematic viscosity
measurements at 100 °F and 210 °F (37.78 °C and 98.89 °C). It is applicable to samples with mean relative molecular masses in
the range from 250 to 700 and is intended for use with average petroleum fractions. It should not be applied indiscriminately to
oils that represent extremes of composition or possess an exceptionally narrow mean relative molecular mass range.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine the
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D445 Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent and Opaque Liquids (and Calculation of Dynamic Viscosity)
D7042 Test Method for Dynamic Viscosity and Density of Liquids by Stabinger Viscometer (and the Calculation of Kinematic
Viscosity)
2.2 ASTM Adjuncts:
Mean Relative Molecular Mass of Petroleum Oils from Viscosity Measurements
3. Summary of Test Method
3.1 The kinematic viscosity of the oil is determined at 100 °F and 210 °F (37.78 °C and 98.89 °C). A function “H” of the 100 °F
viscosity is established by reference to a tabulation of H function versus 100 °F viscosity. The H value and the 210 °F viscosity
are then used to estimate the mean relative molecular mass from a correlation chart.
4. Significance and Use
4.1 This test method provides a means of calculating the mean relative molecular mass of petroleum oils from another physical
measurement.
4.2 Mean relative molecular mass is a fundamental physical constant that can be used in conjunction with other physical
properties to characterize hydrocarbon mixtures.
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
D02.04.0K on Correlative Methods.
Current edition approved May 1, 2014May 1, 2019. Published June 2014June 2019. Originally approved in 1966. Last previous edition approved in 20092014 as
D2502 – 04 (2009).D2502 – 14. DOI: 10.1520/D2502-14.10.1520/D2502-14R19.
Hirschler, A. E., Journal of the Institute of Petroleum, JIPEA, Vol 32, 1946, p. 133.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Available from ASTM International Headquarters. Order Adjunct No. ADJD2502.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
D2502 − 14 (2019)
5. Procedure
5.1 Determine the kinematic viscosity of the oil at 100 °F and 210 °F (37.78 °C and 98.89 °C) as described in Test Method D445
or Test Method D7042.
5.2 Look in Table 1 for 100 °F (37.78 °C) viscosity and read the value of H that corresponds to the measured viscosity. Linear
interpolation between adjacent columns may be required.
5.3 Read the viscosity–meanviscosity-mean relative molecular mass chart for H and 210 °F (98.89 °C) viscosity. A simplified
version of this chart is shown in Fig. 1 for illustration purposes only (Note 1). Interpolate where necessary between adjacent lines
of 210 °F viscosity. After locating the point corresponding to the value of H (ordinate) and the 210 °F viscosity (superimposed
lines), read the mean relative molecular mass along the abscissa.
Example:
Measured viscosity, cSt:
100 °F (37.78 °C) = 179
210 °F (98.89 °C) = 9.72
Look in Table 1 for 179 and read the corresponding value H = 461.
Using H = 461 and 210 °F viscosity = 9.72 in conjunction with chart gives mean relative molecular mass = 360 (see Fig. 1).
NOTE 1—A chart 22 in. by 28 in. (559 mm by 711 mm) is available as an adjunct to this test method was used in cooperative testing of the method.
If other charts are used, the precision statements given in the Precision section will not apply.
5.4 Report the mean relative molecular mass to the nearest whole number.
6. Precision and Bias
6.1 The precision of this test method as obtained by statistical examination of interlaboratory test results is as follows:
6.1.1 Repeatability—The difference between successive test results obtained by the same opera
...
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