ASTM E300-03(2009)

Standard Practice for Sampling Industrial Chemicals

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Representative samples of industrial chemicals are required for the determination of chemical and physical properties which are used to establish standard volumes, prices, and compliance with commercial and regulatory specifications.
The objective of sampling is to obtain a small portion (spot sample) of material from a selected area within a container which is representative of the material in the area or, in the case of running or all-level samples, a sample whose composition is representative of the total material in the container. A series of spot samples may be combined to create a representative sample.
Manual and Automatic Sampling Considerations—The selection of manual or automatic sampling devices is part of establishing a sampling plan applied under all conditions within the scope of this practice provided that the proper sampling procedures are followed. Both types of sampling are commonly used for liquid, solid, and slurry sampling and require adherence to the following:
An adequate frequency of sampling must be selected.
The equipment to support manual or automatic sampling systems may be obtained commercially, fabricated from the designs presented in this practice, or constructed as needed to satisfy process design or other specific requirements.
The sampling equipment must be maintained on a regular basis, and the sampling plan adopted must be strictly followed.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers procedures for sampling several classes of industrial chemicals. It also includes recommendations for determining the number and location of such samples, to ensure their being representative of the lot in accordance with accepted probability sampling principles.
1.2 Although this practice describes specific procedures for sampling various liquids, solids, and slurries, in bulk or in packages, these recommendations only outline the principles to be observed. They should not take precedence over specific sampling instructions contained in other ASTM product or method standards.
1.3 These procedures are covered as follows:
  Sections Statistical Considerations 7-11  Simple Liquids 12-27  Solids 28-35  Slurries 36-41  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precautionary statements are given in Sections 6, 19, 20, 30, 34 and 37.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 30-Sep-2009
• ICS: 71.060.01 - Inorganic chemicals in general
• ICS: 71.080.01 - Organic chemicals in general
• Technical Committee: D16 - Aromatic, Industrial, Specialty and Related Chemicals

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: E300 − 03 (Reapproved 2009)
Standard Practice for
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Sampling Industrial Chemicals
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E300; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope E180Practice for Determining the Precision of ASTM
Methods for Analysis and Testing of Industrial and Spe-
1.1 This practice covers procedures for sampling several
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cialty Chemicals (Withdrawn 2009)
classes of industrial chemicals. It also includes recommenda-
tionsfordeterminingthenumberandlocationofsuchsamples,
3. Terminology
to ensure their being representative of the lot in accordance
with accepted probability sampling principles. 3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 simple liquid—a single-phase liquid having a Reid
1.2 Although this practice describes specific procedures for
vaporpressureoflessthan110kPaat37.8°C(16psiat100°F)
sampling various liquids, solids, and slurries, in bulk or in
and a Saybolt viscosity of less than 10 000 s (2160 cSt) at
packages,theserecommendationsonlyoutlinetheprinciplesto
25°C.
be observed. They should not take precedence over specific
3.1.2 lot—a discreet quantity of material. It may contain a
sampling instructions contained in other ASTM product or
singlebatchorseveralbatches,orbetheproductofcontinuous
method standards.
processbrokenintounitsonthebasisoftimeorshipment.Itis
1.3 These procedures are covered as follows:
very desirable that individual batches in a lot be specifically
Sections
identifiedsothattheymaybecomeindividualorstratifiedunits
Statistical Considerations 7–11
for inspection.
Simple Liquids 12–27
Solids 28–35
3.1.3 average sample—one that consists of proportionate
Slurries 36–41
parts from all sections of the container.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
3.1.4 spotsample—asampletakenataspecificlocationina
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
tank or from a flowing stream in a pipe at a specific time.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica- 3.1.5 composite sample—a blend of spot samples mixed in
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precau-
proportion to the volumes of material from which the spot
tionary statements are given in Sections 6, 19, 20, 30, 34 and
samples were obtained.
37.
3.1.6 all-levels sample—one obtained by submerging a
closed sampler to a point as near as possible to the draw-off
2. Referenced Documents
level,thenopeningthesamplerandraisingitataratesuchthat
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2.1 ASTM Standards:
it is about three fourths full as it emerges from the liquid. An
D270Method of Sampling Petroleum and Petroleum Prod-
all-levels sample is not necessarily an average sample because
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ucts
the tank volume may not be proportional to the depth and
D2234/D2234MPractice for Collection of a Gross Sample
becausetheoperatormaynotbeabletoraisethesampleratthe
of Coal
variable rate required for proportionate filling. The rate of
filling is proportional to the square root of the depth of
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This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D16 on Aromatic
immersion.
Hydrocarbons and Related Chemicals and is the direct responsibility of Subcom-
mittee D16.15 on Industrial and Specialty General Standards.
NOTE 1—The tube sampling procedure, 26.3, may be used to obtain an
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2009. Published December 2009. Originally
all-levels sample from a drum.
approved in 1966. Last previous edition approved in 2003 as E300–03. Discon-
3.1.7 upper sample—a spot sample obtained from the
tinued 2001. Reinstated as E300–03. DOI: 10.1520/E0300-03R09.
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For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or middle of the upper third of the tank contents (Fig. 1).
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website.
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Withdrawn. The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
on www.astm.org. www.astm.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
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E300 − 03 (2009)
3.1.13 outletsample—aspotsamplenormallyobtainedwith
the inlet opening of the sample apparatus at the level of the
bottom of the tank outlet (either fixed or a swing line outlet)
(Fig. 1).
3.1.14 continuous sample—a spot sample o
...