ASTM D3235-16e1
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Solvent Extractables in Petroleum Waxes
Standard Test Method for Solvent Extractables in Petroleum Waxes
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 The solvent extractables in a wax may have significant effects on several of its properties such as strength, hardness, flexibility, scuff resistance, coefficient of friction, coefficient of expansion, melting point, and staining characteristics. Whether these effects are desirable or undesirable depends on the intended use of the wax.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of solvent extractables in petroleum waxes.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard.
1.2.1 Exception—The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
´1
Designation: D3235 − 16
Standard Test Method for
1
Solvent Extractables in Petroleum Waxes
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3235; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1
ε NOTE—Corrected misplaced figures editorially in December 2016.
1. Scope* mined by evaporating the solvent from the filtrate and deter-
mining the mass of the residue.
1.1 This test method covers the determination of solvent
extractables in petroleum waxes.
4. Significance and Use
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
4.1 The solvent extractables in a wax may have significant
standard.
effects on several of its properties such as strength, hardness,
1.2.1 Exception—The values given in parentheses are for
flexibility, scuff resistance, coefficient of friction, coefficient of
information only.
expansion, melting point, and staining characteristics. Whether
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
these effects are desirable or undesirable depends on the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the intended use of the wax.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
5. Apparatus
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 5.1 Filter Stick and Assembly, consisting of a 10 mm diam-
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor- eter sintered glass filter stick of 10 μm to 15 μm maximum pore
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard- diameter as determined by the method in Appendix X1,
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the provided with an air pressure inlet tube and delivery nozzle. It
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom- is provided with a ground-glass joint to fit a 25 mm by 170 mm
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical test tube. The dimensions for a suitable filtration assembly are
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. shown in Fig. 1.
NOTE 1—A metallic filter stick may be employed if desired. A filter
2. Referenced Documents 3
stick made of stainless steel and having a 12.7 mm (0.50 in.) disk of
2
10 nm to 15 nm maximum pore diameter, as determined by Test Method
2.1 ASTM Standards:
E128, has been found to be satisfactory. The metallic apparatus is inserted
E1 Specification for ASTM Liquid-in-Glass Thermometers
into a 25 mm by 150 mm test tube and held in place by means of a cork.
E128 Test Method for Maximum Pore Diameter and Perme-
5.2 Cooling Bath, consisting of an insulated box with
ability of Rigid Porous Filters for Laboratory Use
30 mm 6 5 mm (1.2 in. 6 0.2 in.) holes in the center to
accommodate any desired number of test tubes. The bath may
3. Summary of Test Method
be filled with a suitable medium such as kerosine, and may be
3.1 The sample is dissolved in a mixture consisting of 50 %
cooled by circulating a refrigerant through coils, or by using
by volume methyl ethyl ketone and 50 % by volume toluene.
solid carbon dioxide. A suitable cooling bath to accommodate
The solution is cooled to −32 °C (−25 °F) to precipitate the
three test tubes is shown in Fig. 2.
wax, then filtered. The solvent extractables content is deter-
5.3 Dropper Pipet, dispensing device capable of delivering
0.5 g 6 0.05 g of molten wax.
1
5.4 Transfer Pipet, or equivalent volume dispensing device,
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of
capable of delivering 15 mL 6 0.06 mL.
Subcommittee D02.10 on Properties of Petroleum Waxes and Alternative Wax-like
Materials.
3
Current edition approved July 1, 2016. Published July 2016. Originally approved The sole source of supply of a suitable metal filter stick with designated
in 1973. Last previous edition approved in 2015 as D3235 – 15. DOI: 10.1520/ porosity G known to the committee at this time is the Pall Trinity Micro Corp.,
D3235-16E01. Route 281, Cortland, NY 13045. A list of United Kingdom suppliers can be obtained
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or from Energy Institute, 61 New Cavendish St., London, W1G 7AR, United King-
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM dom. If you are aware of alternative suppliers, please provide this information to
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary
...
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
´1
Designation: D3235 − 16
Standard Test Method for
1
Solvent Extractables in Petroleum Waxes
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3235; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1
ε NOTE—Corrected misplaced figures editorially in December 2016.
1. Scope* mined by evaporating the solvent from the filtrate and deter-
mining the mass of the residue.
1.1 This test method covers the determination of solvent
extractables in petroleum waxes.
4. Significance and Use
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
4.1 The solvent extractables in a wax may have significant
standard.
effects on several of its properties such as strength, hardness,
1.2.1 Exception—The values given in parentheses are for
flexibility, scuff resistance, coefficient of friction, coefficient of
information only.
expansion, melting point, and staining characteristics. Whether
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the these effects are desirable or undesirable depends on the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
intended use of the wax.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
5. Apparatus
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 5.1 Filter Stick and Assembly, consisting of a 10 mm diam-
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor- eter sintered glass filter stick of 10 µm to 15 µm maximum pore
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard- diameter as determined by the method in Appendix X1,
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the provided with an air pressure inlet tube and delivery nozzle. It
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom- is provided with a ground-glass joint to fit a 25 mm by 170 mm
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical test tube. The dimensions for a suitable filtration assembly are
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. shown in Fig. 1.
NOTE 1—A metallic filter stick may be employed if desired. A filter
2. Referenced Documents 3
stick made of stainless steel and having a 12.7 mm (0.50 in.) disk of
2
10 nm to 15 nm maximum pore diameter, as determined by Test Method
2.1 ASTM Standards:
E128, has been found to be satisfactory. The metallic apparatus is inserted
E1 Specification for ASTM Liquid-in-Glass Thermometers
into a 25 mm by 150 mm test tube and held in place by means of a cork.
E128 Test Method for Maximum Pore Diameter and Perme-
5.2 Cooling Bath, consisting of an insulated box with
ability of Rigid Porous Filters for Laboratory Use
30 mm 6 5 mm (1.2 in. 6 0.2 in.) holes in the center to
accommodate any desired number of test tubes. The bath may
3. Summary of Test Method
be filled with a suitable medium such as kerosine, and may be
3.1 The sample is dissolved in a mixture consisting of 50 %
cooled by circulating a refrigerant through coils, or by using
by volume methyl ethyl ketone and 50 % by volume toluene.
solid carbon dioxide. A suitable cooling bath to accommodate
The solution is cooled to −32 °C (−25 °F) to precipitate the
three test tubes is shown in Fig. 2.
wax, then filtered. The solvent extractables content is deter-
5.3 Dropper Pipet, dispensing device capable of delivering
0.5 g 6 0.05 g of molten wax.
1
5.4 Transfer Pipet, or equivalent volume dispensing device,
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of
capable of delivering 15 mL 6 0.06 mL.
Subcommittee D02.10 on Properties of Petroleum Waxes and Alternative Wax-like
Materials.
3
Current edition approved July 1, 2016. Published July 2016. Originally approved The sole source of supply of a suitable metal filter stick with designated
in 1973. Last previous edition approved in 2015 as D3235 – 15. DOI: 10.1520/ porosity G known to the committee at this time is the Pall Trinity Micro Corp.,
D3235-16E01. Route 281, Cortland, NY 13045. A list of United Kingdom suppliers can be obtained
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or from Energy Institute, 61 New Cavendish St., London, W1G 7AR, United King-
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM dom. If you are aware of alternative suppliers, please provide this information to
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consider-
1
the ASTM website. ation at a meeting of the responsib
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
´1
Designation: D3235 − 16 D3235 − 16
Standard Test Method for
1
Solvent Extractables in Petroleum Waxes
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3235; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1
ε NOTE—Corrected misplaced figures editorially in December 2016.
1. Scope*
1.1 This test method covers the determination of solvent extractables in petroleum waxes.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard.
1.2.1 Exception—The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
E1 Specification for ASTM Liquid-in-Glass Thermometers
E128 Test Method for Maximum Pore Diameter and Permeability of Rigid Porous Filters for Laboratory Use
3. Summary of Test Method
3.1 The sample is dissolved in a mixture consisting of 50 % by volume methyl ethyl ketone and 50 % by volume toluene. The
solution is cooled to −32 °C (−25 °F) to precipitate the wax, then filtered. The solvent extractables content is determined by
evaporating the solvent from the filtrate and determining the mass of the residue.
4. Significance and Use
4.1 The solvent extractables in a wax may have significant effects on several of its properties such as strength, hardness,
flexibility, scuff resistance, coefficient of friction, coefficient of expansion, melting point, and staining characteristics. Whether
these effects are desirable or undesirable depends on the intended use of the wax.
5. Apparatus
5.1 Filter Stick and Assembly, consisting of a 10 mm diameter sintered glass filter stick of 10 μm to 15 μm maximum pore
diameter as determined by the method in Appendix X1, provided with an air pressure inlet tube and delivery nozzle. It is provided
with a ground-glass joint to fit a 25 mm by 170 mm test tube. The dimensions for a suitable filtration assembly are shown in Fig.
1.
3
NOTE 1—A metallic filter stick may be employed if desired. A filter stick made of stainless steel and having a 12.7 mm (0.50 in.) disk of 10 nm to
15 nm maximum pore diameter, as determined by Test Method E128, has been found to be satisfactory. The metallic apparatus is inserted into a 25 mm
by 150 mm test tube and held in place by means of a cork.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
D02.10.0A on Physical/Chemical Properties.
Current edition approved July 1, 2016. Published July 2016. Originally approved in 1973. Last previous edition approved in 2015 as D3235 – 15. DOI:
10.1520/D3235-16.10.1520/D3235-16E01.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
The sole source of supply of a suitable metal filter stick with designated porosity G known to the committee at this time is the Pall Trinity Micro Corp., Route 281,
Cortland, NY 13045. A list of United Kingdom suppliers can be obtained from Energy Institute, 61 New Cavendish St., London, W1G 7AR, United Kingdom. If you are aware
of alternative suppliers, please provide this information to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of the responsible
1
technical committee, which you may attend.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
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´1
D3235 − 16
All dimensions are in millimetres.
FIG. 1 Filter Stick
5.2 Cooling Bath, consisting of an insulated box with 30 mm 6 5 mm (1.2 in. 6 0.2 in.) holes in the center to accommodate
any desired number of test tubes. The bath may be filled with a suitable medium such as kerosine, and may be cooled by circulating
a refrigerant through coils, or by using solid carbon dioxide. A suitable
...
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