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ASTM E814-06

(Test Method)

Standard Test Method for Fire Tests of Through-Penetration Fire Stops

Standard Test Method for Fire Tests of Through-Penetration Fire Stops

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This test method is used to determine the performance of a fire stop with respect to exposure to a standard time-temperature fire test and a hose stream test. The performance of a fire stop is dependent upon the specific assembly of materials tested including the number, type, and size of penetrations and the floors or walls in which it is installed.
Two ratings are established for each fire stop. An F rating is based upon flame occurrence on the unexposed surface, while the T rating is based upon the temperature rise as well as flame occurrence on the unexposed side of the fire stop. These ratings, together with detailed performance data such as the location of through-openings and temperatures of penetrating items are intended to be one factor in assessing performance of fire stops.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method is applicable to through-penetration fire stops of various materials and construction. Fire stops are intended for use in openings in fire-resistive walls and floors that are evaluated in accordance with Test Methods E 119.
1.2 Tests conducted in conformance with this test method record fire-stop performance during the test exposure; but such tests shall not be construed to determine suitability of the fire stop for use after test exposure.
1.3 This test method also measures the resistance of fire stops to an external force stimulated by a hose stream. However, this test method shall not be construed as determining the performance of the fire stop during actual fire conditions when subjected to forces such as failure of cable support systems and falling debris.
1.4 The intent of this test method is to develop data to assist others in determining the suitability of the fire stops for use where fire resistance is required.
1.5 This standard is used to measure and describe the response of materials, products, or assemblies to heat and flame under controlled conditions, but does not by itself incorporate all factors required for fire-hazard or fire-risk assessment of materials, products, or assemblies under actual fire conditions
This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.6 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered requirements of the standard.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
14-Jul-2006
ICS
13.220.50 - Fire-resistance of building materials and elements
Technical Committee
E05 - Fire Standards
Drafting Committee
E05.11 - Fire Resistance
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM E814-02 - Standard Test Method for Fire Tests of Through-Penetration Fire Stops
Effective Date
15-Jul-2006
Replaced By
ASTM E814-08 - Standard Test Method for Fire Tests of Through-Penetration Fire Stops
Effective Date
01-May-2008
Referred By
ASTM E2226-15b(2019) - Standard Practice for Application of Hose Stream
Effective Date
15-Jul-2006
Referred By
ASTM E2785-14(2022) - Standard Test Method for Exposure of Firestop Materials to Severe Environmental Conditions
Effective Date
15-Jul-2006
Referred By
ASTM E3037-20 - Standard Test Method for Measuring Relative Movement Capabilities of Through-Penetration Firestop Systems
Effective Date
15-Jul-2006
Referred By
ASTM E329-21 - Standard Specification for Agencies Engaged in Construction Inspection, Testing, or Special Inspection
Effective Date
15-Jul-2006
Referred By
ASTM E119-22 - Standard Test Methods for Fire Tests of Building Construction and Materials
Effective Date
15-Jul-2006
Referred By
ASTM E2923-14(2019) - Standard Practice for Longevity Assessment of Firestop Materials Using Differential Scanning Calorimetry
Effective Date
15-Jul-2006
Referred By
ASTM E3038-22a - Standard Practice for Assessing and Qualifying Candidates as Inspectors of Firestop Systems and Fire-Resistive Joint Systems
Effective Date
15-Jul-2006
Referred By
ASTM E2336-20 - Standard Test Methods for Fire Resistive Grease Duct Enclosure Systems
Effective Date
15-Jul-2006
Referred By
ASTM C1852-20 - Standard Guide for Product Selection/Delivery Systems for Aerosol Foam Sealants and Adhesives
Effective Date
15-Jul-2006
Referred By
ASTM E1966-15(2019) - Standard Test Method for Fire-Resistive Joint Systems
Effective Date
15-Jul-2006
Referred By
ASTM E2749-15a(2019) - Standard Practice for Measuring the Uniformity of Furnace Exposure on Test Specimens
Effective Date
15-Jul-2006
Referred By
ASTM E3157-23 - Standard Guide for Understanding and Using Information Related to Installation of Firestop Systems
Effective Date
15-Jul-2006
Referred By
ASTM E176-21ae1 - Standard Terminology of Fire Standards
Effective Date
15-Jul-2006

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ASTM E814-06 - Standard Test Method for Fire Tests of Through-Penetration Fire StopsASTM E814-06 - Standard Test Method for Fire Tests of Through-Penetration Fire Stops
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ASTM E814-06 - Standard Test Method for Fire Tests of Through-Penetration Fire Stops
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Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
An American National Standard
Designation:E814–06
Standard Test Method for
1
Fire Tests of Through-Penetration Fire Stops
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E 814; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
INTRODUCTION
Characteristically fire spreads from one building compartment to another by the collapse of a
barrier, or by openings through which flames or hot gases may pass, or by transfer of sufficient heat
to ignite combustibles beyond the barrier. Test Methods E119 describe the method to be used to
measure the fire-resistive performance of these barriers.
However, various techniques of providing for the distribution of services within a structure
sometimes require that openings be made in fire-resistive walls and floors to allow the passage of such
penetrating items as cables, conduits, pipes, trays, and ducts through to the adjacent compartment.
Fire-stop material is installed into these openings to resist the spread of fire.
The performance of through-penetration fire stops should be measured and specified according to
a common standard that describes the method of fire exposure and rating criteria.
1. Scope 1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
1.1 This test method is applicable to through-penetration
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
fire stops of various materials and construction. Fire stops are
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
intended for use in openings in fire-resistive walls and floors
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
that are evaluated in accordance with Test MethodsE119.
1.7 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes
1.2 Tests conducted in conformance with this test method
which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes
record fire-stop performance during the test exposure; but such
(excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered
tests shall not be construed to determine suitability of the fire
requirements of the standard.
stop for use after test exposure.
1.3 This test method also measures the resistance of fire
2. Referenced Documents
stops to an external force stimulated by a hose stream.
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
However, this test method shall not be construed as determin-
E119 Test Methods for Fire Tests of Building Construction
ing the performance of the fire stop during actual fire condi-
and Materials
tions when subjected to forces such as failure of cable support
E 2226 Practice for Application of Hose Stream
systems and falling debris.
1.4 The intent of this test method is to develop data to assist
3. Terminology
others in determining the suitability of the fire stops for use
3.1 Definition:
where fire resistance is required.
3.1.1 fire stop—a through-penetration fire stop is a specific
1.5 This standard is used to measure and describe the
construction consisting of the materials that fill the opening
response of materials, products, or assemblies to heat and
around penetrating items such as cables, cable trays, conduits,
flame under controlled conditions, but does not by itself
ducts, and pipes and their means of support through the wall or
incorporate all factors required for fire-hazard or fire-risk
floor opening to prevent spread of fire.
assessment of materials, products, or assemblies under actual
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
fire conditions.
1 2
This method is under the jurisdiction of Committee E05 on Fire Standards and For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E05.11 on Construction Assemblies. contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Current edition approved July 15, 2006. Published August 2006. Originally Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
approved in 1981. Last previous edition approved in 2002 as E 814 – 02. the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
E814–06
3.2.1 test specimen—the fire stop being tested.
Ambient at 0 min
3.2.2 test assembly—the wall or floor into which the test 1000°F (538°C) at 5 min
1300°F (704°C) at 10 min
specimen(s) is (are) mounted or installed.
1550°F (843°C) at 30 min
1700°F (927°C) at 60 min
4. Summary of Test Method
1850°F (1010°C) at 120 min
2000°F
...

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Standard Guide for Extension of Data from Penetration Firestop System Tests Conducted in Accordance with ASTM E814

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4.1 The methods and procedures set forth in this guide relate to the extension of the fire test results to firestop systems that have not been tested.  
4.2 Users of this guide must have knowledge and understanding of the provisions of Test Methods E119 and Test Method E814 including those pertaining to conditions of acceptance.  
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4.7.2 Conclusions derived from using this guide are valid only if the identified change is the only change in the construction or properties of the components.  
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4.8 The statements in this guide are based on a single change to a system.
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1.1 This guide covers the extension of results obtained from fire tests performed in accordance with Test Method E814 to applications that have not been tested. Test Method E814 evaluates the duration for which test specimens will contain a fire, retain their integrity, or both during a predetermined fire test exposure. Firestops are intended for use in fire-resistive walls and floors that are evaluated in conformance with Test Methods E119.
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Standard Guide for Room Fire Experiments

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This guide provides assistance for planning room fire tests. The object of each experiment is to evaluate the role of a material, product, or system in the fire growth within one or more compartments.  
5.2 The relationship between laboratory fire test methods and actual room fires can be investigated by the use of full-scale and reduced-scale experiments. This guide is aimed at establishing a basis for conducting full-scale experiments for the study of room fire growth.  
5.3 Room fire tests can be placed into four main categories: reconstruction, simulation, research and standardization.  
5.3.1 Reconstruction room fire tests are full scale replicates of a fire scene with the geometry, materials, contents, and ignition source intended to duplicate a particular scenario. The usual purpose of such a test is to evaluate what happened or what might happen in such a scenario.  
5.3.2 Simulation room fire tests are comparable to reconstruction fire tests, except that not all of the parameters are duplicated. A simulated fire test is one in which one or more components of a fire scenario are altered, usually in order to facilitate conducting the test. The compartment design must carefully address geometry and materials of construction to ensure that they do not significantly alter the fire response. Reconstruction and simulation fire tests often have a distinctive objective, such as time to flashover, that is related to the nature of the original fire scene.  
5.3.3 Research room fire tests are conducted in order to elucidate the effects of one or more of the following: geometry, materials, placement of items, ventilation, or other parameters. The measured effects (such as room temperature, heat flux, heat release rate, time to flashover, post flashover conditions) are chosen to provide the most useful information.  
5.3.4 Standardization room fire tests include scenarios that have been adopted by a standardization body. In this case, the compartment, ignition...
SCOPE
1.1 This guide addresses means of conducting full-scale fire experiments that evaluate the fire-test-response characteristics of materials, products, or assemblies under actual fire conditions.  
1.2 It is intended as a guide for the design of the experiment and for the use and interpretation of its results. The guide is also useful for establishing laboratory conditions that simulate a given set of fire conditions to the greatest extent possible.  
1.3 This guide allows users to obtain fire-test-response characteristics of materials, products, or assemblies, which are useful data for describing or appraising their fire performance under actual fire conditions.  
1.3.1 The results of experiments conducted in accordance with this guide are also useful elements for making regulatory decisions regarding fire safety requirements. The use for regulatory purposes of data obtained from experiments conducted using this guide requires that certain conditions and criteria be specified by the regulating authority.  
1.4 The rationale for conducting room fire experiments in accordance with this guide is shown in 1.5 – 1.8.  
1.5 Room fire experiments are a means of generating input data for computer fire models and for providing output data with which to compare modeling results.  
1.6 One of the major reasons for conducting room fire experiments is as an experimental means of assessing the potential fire hazard associated with the use of a material or product in a particular application. This should be borne in mind when designing nonstandard experiments.  
1.7 A rationale for conducting room fire experiments is the case when smaller-scale fire tests inadequately represent end-use applications.  
1.8 A further rationale for conducting room fire experiments is to verify the results obtained with smaller scale tests, to understand the scaling parameters for such tests.  
1.9 Room fire tests can be placed into four main cate...

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ASTM
ASTM E2690-22(Practice)
Standard Practice for Specimen Preparation and Mounting of Caulks and Sealants to Assess Surface Burning Characteristics

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Building products made with caulks and sealants are often used for applications for which Test Method E84 is used for compliance with building code, life safety code or mechanical code requirements. This practice describes, in detail, specimen mounting procedures for those caulks and sealants which are not able to be supported by their own structural characteristics during the test.  
5.2 Codes are often silent with regard to testing caulks and sealants for the assessment of flame spread index and smoke developed index as surface burning characteristics. This practice describes specimen preparation and mounting procedures for such materials and products.  
5.3 The material shall be representative of the materials used in actual field installations.  
5.4 The limitations for this procedure are those associated with Test Method E84.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice describes procedures for specimen preparation and mounting when testing caulks and sealants to assess flame spread and smoke development as surface burning characteristics using Test Method E84.  
1.1.1 Caulks and sealants up to 8 in. (203.2 mm) in width shall follow the requirements of 7.1.  
1.1.2 Caulks and sealants in excess of 8 in. (203.2 mm) in width shall follow the requirements of 7.2.
1.1.2.1 Caulks and sealants in excess of 8 in. (203.2 mm) in width can be considered coatings.  
1.2 This practice applies to caulks and sealants intended for various uses within buildings. The caulks and sealants addressed in this practice are not able to be supported by their own structural characteristics during the test.  
1.2.1 This practice does not apply to adhesives that are used to adhere or bind together surfaces. Annex A12 of Test Method E84 provides a procedure for testing adhesives.  
1.3 Testing is conducted in accordance with Test Method E84.  
1.4 This practice does not provide pass/fail criteria that can be used as a regulatory tool.  
1.5 This practice does not apply to materials for which the test specimen does not remain in place before and during the test until maximum flame propagation has occurred.  
1.6 This practice is not for system evaluation. It is for the comparison of the materials only.  
1.7 The results obtained by using this mounting procedure are confined to the materials themselves as tested and are not comparable to those obtained with materials that are tested in a full tunnel width application.  
1.8 This fire standard cannot be used to provide quantitative measures.  
1.9 Fire testing is inherently hazardous. Adequate safeguards for personnel and property shall be employed in conducting these tests.  
1.10 This standard gives instructions on specimen preparation and mounting, but the fire-test-response method is given in Test Method E84. See also Section 9.  
1.11 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes shall not be considered requirements of the standard.  
1.12 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.13 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.14 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM E1623-22a(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Determination of Fire and Thermal Parameters of Materials, Products, and Systems Using an Intermediate Scale Calorimeter (ICAL)

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method is used primarily to determine the heat release rate of materials, products, and assemblies. Other parameters are the effective heat of combustion, mass loss rate, the time to ignition, smoke and gas production, emissivity, and surface temperature. Examples of test specimens are assemblies of materials or products that are tested in their end-use thickness. Therefore, the test method is suitable for assessing the heat release rate of a wall assembly.  
5.2 Representative joints and other characteristics of an assembly shall be included in a specimen when these details are part of normal design.  
5.3 This test method is applicable to end-use products not having an ideally planar external surface. The heat flux shall be adjusted to be that which is desired at the average distance of the surface from the radiant panel.  
5.4 In this procedure, the specimens are subjected to one or more specific sets of laboratory test conditions. If different test conditions are substituted or the end-use conditions are changed, it is not always possible by or from this test to predict changes in the fire-test-response characteristics measured. Therefore, the results are valid only for the fire test exposure conditions described in this procedure.  
5.5 Test Limitations:  
5.5.1 The test results have limited validity if: (a) the specimen melts sufficiently to overflow the drip tray, or (b) explosive spalling occurs.  
5.5.2 Exercise caution in interpreting results of specimens that sag, deform, or delaminate during a test. Report observations of such behavior.
SCOPE
1.1 This fire-test-response standard assesses the response of materials, products, and assemblies to controlled levels of radiant heat exposure with or without an external ignitor.  
1.2 The fire-test-response characteristics determined by this test method include the ignitability, heat release rates, mass loss rates, visible smoke development, and gas release of materials, products, and assemblies under well ventilated conditions.  
1.3 This test method is also suitable for determining many of the parameters or values needed as input for computer fire models. Examples of these values include effective heat of combustion, surface temperature, ignition temperature, and emissivity.  
1.4 This test method is also intended to provide information about other fire parameters such as thermal conductivity, specific heat, radiative and convective heat transfer coefficients, flame radiation factor, air entrainment rates, flame temperatures, minimum surface temperatures for upward and downward flame spread, heat of gasification, nondimensional heat of gasification (1)2 and the Φ flame spread parameter (see Test Method E1321). While some studies have indicated that this test method is suitable for determining these fire parameters, insufficient testing and research have been done to justify inclusion of the corresponding testing and calculating procedures.  
1.5 The heat release rate is determined by the principle of oxygen consumption calorimetry, via measurement of the oxygen consumption as determined by the oxygen concentration and flow rate in the exhaust product stream (exhaust duct). The procedure is specified in 11.1. Smoke development is quantified by measuring the obscuration of light by the combustion product stream (exhaust duct).  
1.6 Specimens are exposed to a constant heat flux in the range of 0 to 50 kW/m2  in a vertical orientation. Hot wires are used to ignite the combustible vapors from the specimen during the ignition and heat release tests. The assessment of the parameters associated with flame spread requires the use of line burners instead of hot wire ignitors.  
1.6.1 Heat release measurements at low heat flux levels (2) require special considerations as described in Section A1.1.6.  
1.7 This test method has been developed for evaluations, design, or research and development of materials, products, or...

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ASTM
ASTM E2652-22(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Assessing Combustibility of Materials Using a Tube Furnace with a Cone-shaped Airflow Stabilizer, at 750 °C

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 While actual building fire exposure conditions are not duplicated, this test method will assist in indicating those materials which do not act to aid combustion or add appreciable heat to an ambient fire.  
5.2 This test method does not apply to laminated or coated materials.  
5.3 This test method is technically equivalent to ISO 1182.  
5.4 When appropriate pass/fail criteria are applied, materials that are reported as passing this test by complying with those criteria (such as the ones in Appendix X2) are typically classified as noncombustible materials.
SCOPE
1.1 This fire-test-response test method covers the determination under specified laboratory conditions of the combustibility of building materials. Under certain conditions, with the appropriate pass/fail criteria, the results from this test are used to classify materials as noncombustible materials.  
1.2 Limitations of this fire-test response test method are shown below.  
1.2.1 This test method does not apply to laminated or coated materials.  
1.2.2 This test method is not suitable or satisfactory for materials that soften, flow, melt, intumesce or otherwise separate from the measuring thermocouple.  
1.2.3 This test method does not provide a measure of an intrinsic property.  
1.2.4 This test method does not provide a quantitative measure of heat generation or combustibility; it simply serves as a test method with selected (end point) measures of combustibility.  
1.2.5 This test method does not measure the self-heating tendencies of materials.  
1.2.6 In this test method materials are not being tested in the nature and form used in building aplications. The test specimen consists of a small, specified volume that is either (1) cut from a thick sheet; (2) assembled from multiple thicknesses of thin sheets; or (3) placed in a container if composed of grarnular powder or loose fiber materials.  
1.2.7 Results from this test method apply to the specific test apparatus and test conditions and are likely to vary when changes are made to one or more of the following: (1) the size, shape, and arrangement of the specimen; (2)  the distribution of organice content; (3) the exposure temperature; (4) the air supply; (5) the location of thermocouples.  
1.3 This test method references notes and footnotes that provide explanatory information. These notes and footnotes, excluding those in tables and figures, shall not be considered as requirements of this test method.  
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.5 This test method is technically equivalent to ISO 1182:2010 (see also Annex A2 and 6.4.5).
Note 1: While developed as technically equivalent to ISO 1182:2010, a change implemented in ISO 1182:2020 added a second furnace thermocouple to that standard, while this test method continues to use one furnace thermocouple.  
1.6 This standard is used to measure and describe the response of materials, products, or assemblies to heat and flame under controlled conditions, but does not by itself incorporate all factors required for fire-hazard or fire-risk assessment of the materials, products, or assemblies under actual fire conditions.  
1.7 Fire testing is inherently hazardous. Adequate safeguards for personnel and property shall be employed in conducting these tests.  
1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.9 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Orga...

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