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ASTM E985-24

(Specification)

Standard Specification for Permanent Metal Railing Systems and Rails for Buildings

Standard Specification for Permanent Metal Railing Systems and Rails for Buildings

ABSTRACT
This specification covers permanent metal railing systems (such as guard, stair, and ramp-rail systems) and rails (such as hand, wall, grab, and transfer rails) for use in agricultural, assembly, commercial, educational, industrial, institutional, recreational, and residential buildings. Also covered in this specification are basic design requirements and considerations, and minimum criteria for load and deflections; however, it does not cover design criteria for specific field conditions. Railing systems and rails shall be manufactured with major structural components made of metal and secondary components made of metal, wood, plastics, or glass, and shall withstand forces that may potentially be exerted by building users. Tests for static loading and deflection shall be performed and shall conform to the requirements specified.
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Metal railing systems and rails for buildings usually are designed, manufactured, and installed to withstand forces potentially exerted by the building users.  
5.2 The metal railing systems and rails shall not be considered a part of the structural system of the building unless this is expressly provided for in the design.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification2 covers permanent metal railing systems (guard, stair, and ramp-rail systems) and rails (hand, wall, grab, and transfer rails) installed in and for agricultural, assembly, commercial, educational, industrial, institutional, recreational, and residential buildings. However, this standard does not cover metal railing systems installed in and for industrial, commercial, and other non-residential workplace occupancies where normally only adults will be present or have access, and for which guardrail or handrail requirements are specified by occupational safety and health safety regulations and standards. This standard does not cover ballasted railing systems.  
1.2 This specification is intended to be applied to permanent metal railing systems for buildings and to such railing systems and rails having major structural components made of metal, with their secondary components made of metal or other materials such as wood, plastics, and glass.  
1.3 This specification considers that today's and tomorrow's overall outlook is based on the health and safety of all potential users of buildings. The criteria incorporated in this specification provide for normal and anticipated building uses, but not for abuses for which the building and its components are not designed.  
1.4 This specification establishes basic minimum requirements and criteria that lead to satisfactory products under normal use conditions and does not give consideration to design criteria for specific field conditions, the establishment of which is the prerogative and responsibility of the designer, specification writer, and code agencies.  
1.5 Sources of supportive information are listed in the Reference section (1-28).3  
1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

Status
Published
Publication Date
14-Apr-2024
Technical Committee
E06 - Performance of Buildings
Drafting Committee
E06.56 - Performance of Railing Systems and Glass for Floors and Stairs
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM E985-00(2006) - Standard Specification for Permanent Metal Railing Systems and Rails for Buildings (Withdrawn 2015)
Effective Date
15-Apr-2024
Referred By
ASTM E1481-00a(2021) - Standard Terminology of Railing Systems and Rails for Buildings
Effective Date
15-Apr-2024
Referred By
ASTM E935-21 - Standard Test Methods for Performance of Permanent Metal Railing Systems and Rails for Buildings
Effective Date
15-Apr-2024
Referred By
ASTM E894-23 - Standard Test Method for Anchorage of Permanent Metal Railing Systems and Rails for Buildings
Effective Date
15-Apr-2024

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ASTM E985-24 - Standard Specification for Permanent Metal Railing Systems and Rails for BuildingsASTM E985-24 - Standard Specification for Permanent Metal Railing Systems and Rails for Buildings
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ASTM E985-24 - Standard Specification for Permanent Metal Railing Systems and Rails for Buildings
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Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: E985 − 24
Standard Specification for
1
Permanent Metal Railing Systems and Rails for Buildings
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E985; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
2
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
1.1 This specification covers permanent metal railing sys-
only.
tems (guard, stair, and ramp-rail systems) and rails (hand, wall,
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the
grab, and transfer rails) installed in and for agricultural,
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
assembly, commercial, educational, industrial, institutional,
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
recreational, and residential buildings. However, this standard
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
does not cover metal railing systems installed in and for
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
industrial, commercial, and other non-residential workplace
1.8 This international standard was developed in accor-
occupancies where normally only adults will be present or have
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
access, and for which guardrail or handrail requirements are
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
specified by occupational safety and health safety regulations
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
and standards. This standard does not cover ballasted railing
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
systems.
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
1.2 This specification is intended to be applied to permanent
metal railing systems for buildings and to such railing systems
2. Referenced Documents
and rails having major structural components made of metal,
4
2.1 ASTM Standards:
with their secondary components made of metal or other
E631 Terminology of Building Constructions
materials such as wood, plastics, and glass.
E894 Test Method for Anchorage of Permanent Metal Rail-
1.3 This specification considers that today’s and tomorrow’s
ing Systems and Rails for Buildings
overall outlook is based on the health and safety of all potential
E935 Test Methods for Performance of Permanent Metal
users of buildings. The criteria incorporated in this specifica-
Railing Systems and Rails for Buildings
tion provide for normal and anticipated building uses, but not
E1481 Terminology of Railing Systems and Rails for Build-
for abuses for which the building and its components are not
ings
designed.
1.4 This specification establishes basic minimum require-
3. Terminology
ments and criteria that lead to satisfactory products under
3.1 Definitions—For definitions of terms covering railing
normal use conditions and does not give consideration to
systems and rails for buildings, see Terminology E631 and
design criteria for specific field conditions, the establishment of
Terminology E1481.
which is the prerogative and responsibility of the designer,
specification writer, and code agencies.
4. Design Requirements
1.5 Sources of supportive information are listed in the
4.1 Railing Height:
3
Reference section (1-28).
4.1.1 Guardrail Systems:
4.1.1.1 The fabricated height of a guardrail system, mea-
sured from its top surface to the finished floor level, shall be a
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E06 on
minimum of 1.07 m (42 in.). When variations in the evenness
Performance of Buildings and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E06.56
on Performance of Railing Systems and Glass for Floors and Stairs. of the finished floor will result in individual height measure-
Current edition approved April 15, 2024. Published April 2024. Originally
ments of the installed guardrail system to be less than 1.04 m
approved in 1984. Last previous edition approved in 2006 as E985 – 00 (2006)
which was withdrawn January 2015 and reinstated in April 2024. DOI: 10.1520/
E0985-24.
2 4
Supporting data have been filed at ASTM International Headquarters and may For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
be obtained by requesting Research Report RR:E06-1000. contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
3
The boldfaced numbers in parentheses refer to the list of references at the end Standards volume information, refer to
...

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ABSTRACT
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1.3 Units—The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units (given in parenthesis) are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.  
1.4 While these tests are useful for evaluating fire properties of gypsum boards and panels, they are not suitable for predicting the Test Methods E119 fire resistance performance of a specific gypsum protected assembly that has not previously been tested in accordance with Test Methods E119 and correlated to these tests.2  
1.5 This standard is used to measure and describe the response of materials, products, or assemblies to heat and flame under controlled conditions, but does not by itself incorporate all factors required for fire hazard or fire risk assessment of the materials, products, or assemblies under actual fire conditions.  
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5.1 Environmental (including workplace) samples obtained during the assessment or mitigation of lead hazards from buildings and related structures are analyzed to determine lead content in media of concern. This test method is intended for use with other ASTM standards (see 2.1) that address the collection and preparation of samples (airborne particulate, dusts by wipe and micro-vacuuming, dried paint chips, and soils) that are obtained during the assessment or mitigation of lead hazards. This test method may be used to analyze samples collected from various environments, such as workplaces, buildings, indoor or outdoor settings, construction sites, housing, and so on.  
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5.2 PFAS found in air can have a wide range of chemical characteristics that will impact sampling practice selection. For example, estimated vapor pressure values can vary by ten orders of magnitude, while estimated Henry’s Law constants can vary by five orders of magnitude (Table 1). This means that sampling and analytical methods that are appropriate for one PFAS compound may not be appropriate for other PFAS compounds. Hence, prior to sampling and selecting analytic methods for PFAS measurement in indoor air, it is critical to establish that the chosen PFAS sampling method(s) is appropriate for the target compound(s), the sampling location, and the environmental conditions.  
5.3 The measurement of PFAS in indoor air is an active and growing research topic. Understanding of PFAS properties, sampling and analytic approaches and techniques is constantly evolving. This includes the determination of physical-chemical properties of many PFAS, which may not even have been measured experimentally or which have a wide range of experimentally determined properties (that is, 8:2 FTOH in Table 1). This guide describes methods that are in use at the time of publication.  
5.4 PFAS in indoor air may come from a wide range of sources, including consumer products, building materials, food packaging, outdoor air, and other miscellaneous sources. PFAS is also commonly quantified in indoor dust. There are several methods that quantify these chemicals in solid and liquid media including, but not limited to Guide E3302, Test Method D7968, Test Method D7979, Test Method D8421, Test Method D8535, US EPA 533, and US EPA 537.1. US EPA OTM-45 quantifies some PFAS in the combined gas and particle phases of stationary sources, such as incinerator stack sampling.  
5.5 Thi...
SCOPE
1.1 This guide describes methods for determining Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) concentrations in indoor air.  
1.2 This guide is focused on PFAS measurement technologies applicable to indoor air (including in vehicles and indoor workplaces) and other relevant air volumes such as, air in chambers, bags, or both. The described technologies were developed for indoor air; they may or may not be applicable to other types of air samples.  
1.3 This guide describes available technologies and methods that can be used to measure indoor air PFAS concentrations in the gaseous or particulate phases, or both, in indoor air.  
1.4 This guide describes each method and its advantages and limitations.  
1.5 This guide does not attempt to differentiate between the effectiveness of the methods nor determine equivalence of the methods.  
1.6 The sorbent-based sampling strategies addressed in this guide are for PFAS compounds with a molecular mass greater than 200 g mol-1 (1, 2, 3).2 Compounds less than 200 g mol-1, such as CF4, C2F6, or PFAS degradation products may require real-time analytical methods described in this guide or other methods that are not presented here.  
1.7 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.9 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Guide
    21 pages
    English language
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ASTM
ASTM E3005-24(Terminology)
Standard Terminology for Body Armor and Ballistic Protection

SCOPE
1.1 The scope of this terminology is to provide a standard terminology for body armor providing protection against ballistic threats, stabbing, fragmentation, blunt impact, or a combination of threats.  
1.2 The intent of this terminology is to have terms, abbreviations, and formulas that are applicable across federal agencies, law enforcement and corrections agencies, testing and certification bodies, and manufacturers.  
1.2.1 The terminology is kept general herein and should be defined more specifically as needed within individual test methods or other standards.  
1.3 This terminology is not intended to describe test methods or performance requirements for body armor.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Standard
    6 pages
    English language
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  • Standard
    6 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off