ASTM A319-71(2020)
(Specification)Standard Specification for Gray Iron Castings for Elevated Temperatures for Non-Pressure-Containing Parts
Standard Specification for Gray Iron Castings for Elevated Temperatures for Non-Pressure-Containing Parts
ABSTRACT
This specification covers gray iron castings exposed to elevated temperatures for non-pressure containing parts such as grate bars, stoker links, stoker parts, oil still furnace parts, firebox parts, ingot molds, glass molds, caustic pots, and metal melting pots. The three classes of gray iron covered here are: Class I, possessing superior thermal shock resistance; Class II, possessing average thermal shock resistance and moderately good tensile strength; and Class III, possessing a higher tensile strength than either Classes I or II. It is the intention of this specification to classify the irons in accordance with their carbon content equivalent, wherein the equation for its calculation is given herein.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers three classes of gray iron suitable for castings exposed to temperatures encountered in such service as grate bars, stoker links, stoker parts, oil still furnace parts, firebox parts, ingot molds, glass molds, caustic pots, and metal melting pots.
Note 1: This specification is general, covering cast irons normally used for the above types of service, at temperatures as high as 1400 °F (760 °C). It is not intended to imply that all three classes are suitable throughout this entire temperature range without regard to actual service stresses. Some are suitable for long service at the lower temperatures only, unless low stresses are involved.
1.2 The three classes of gray iron covered by this specification are as follows:
1.2.1 Class I, possessing superior resistance to thermal shock,
1.2.2 Class II, possessing average resistance to thermal shock and a moderately good tensile strength (tensile strengths above 30 000 psi (207 MPa) may be expected), and
1.2.3 Class III, possessing a higher tensile strength than either Class I or II (tensile strengths as high as 40 000 psi (276 MPa) may be expected).
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation:A319 −71 (Reapproved 2020)
Standard Specification for
Gray Iron Castings for Elevated Temperatures for Non-
Pressure-Containing Parts
This standard is issued under the fixed designation A319; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
1.1 This specification covers three classes of gray iron
A48/A48M Specification for Gray Iron Castings
suitable for castings exposed to temperatures encountered in
such service as grate bars, stoker links, stoker parts, oil still
3. Manufacture
furnace parts, firebox parts, ingot molds, glass molds, caustic
3.1 The melting procedure shall be optional with the
pots, and metal melting pots.
foundry.
NOTE 1—This specification is general, covering cast irons normally
4. Physical Requirements
used for the above types of service, at temperatures as high as 1400 °F
(760 °C). It is not intended to imply that all three classes are suitable
4.1 Some of the gray cast irons described in this specifica-
throughout this entire temperature range without regard to actual service
tion are deliberately made of a soft, low-strength iron for
stresses. Some are suitable for long service at the lower temperatures only,
resistance to thermal shock, and strength requirements are
unless low stresses are involved.
unnecessary. For applications in which a strength requirement
1.2 The three classes of gray iron covered by this specifi-
is essential, room temperature tensile strengths may be speci-
cation are as follows:
fied up to those prescribed for Class 40 in Specification
1.2.1 Class I, possessing superior resistance to thermal A48/A48M.
shock,
5. Machinability
1.2.2 Class II, possessing average resistance to thermal
5.1 All machinable castings shall be limited in hardness at
shock and a moderately good tensile strength (tensile strengths
such locations on the castings as designated by the purchaser.
above 30 000 psi (207 MPa) may be expected), and
The maximum hardness at the locations on castings that are to
1.2.3 Class III, possessing a higher tensile strength than
be machined shall be a matter of agreement between the
either Class I or II (tensile strengths as high as 40 000 psi (276
manufacturer and the purchaser.
MPa) may be expected).
6. Chemical Composition
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
6.1 It is the intention of this specification to classify these
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
irons in accordance with their carbon content equivalent
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
calculated as follows:
and are not considered standard.
Carbon content equivalent 5 C10.3 Si1P (1)
~ !
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
where:
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
C = carbon content, %,
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
Si = silicon content, %, and
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
P = phosphorus content, %.
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
6.2 The carbon content equivalent and the minimum carbon
content for the various classes shall be as prescribed in Table 1.
Table 2 prescribes the allowable silicon ranges predicated on
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A04 on Iron
CastingsandisthedirectresponsibilityofSubcommitteeA04.01onGreyandWhite
Iron Castings. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved May 1, 2020. Published May 2020. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
approved in 1948. Last previous edition approved in 2015 as A319 – 71 (2015). Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
DOI: 10.1520/A0319-71R20. the ASTM website.
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A319−71 (2020)
TABLE 1 Chemical Requirements
7. Product Analysis
Class Carbon Content Equivalent Carbon, min, %
7.1 When alloying elements are agreed upon between the
I 3.81–4.40 3.50
manufacturerandthepurchaser,thepurchasermaymakecheck
II 3.51–
...
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