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ASTM D2295-96(2002)

(Test Method)

Standard Test Method for Strength Properties of Adhesives in Shear by Tension Loading at Elevated Temperatures (Metal-to-Metal)

Standard Test Method for Strength Properties of Adhesives in Shear by Tension Loading at Elevated Temperatures (Metal-to-Metal)

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Comparative strength of adhesive bonds at elevated temperatures allows for better selection of adhesives that must perform at temperatures above normal. This test method is useful in supplying such information.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the comparative shear strengths of adhesives for bonding metals when tested on a standard specimen and under specified conditions of preparation and testing at elevated temperatures.  
1.2 This test method is applicable to the temperature range from 315 to 850°C (600 to 1500°F).  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to consult and establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
09-Sep-1996
ICS
83.180 - Adhesives
Technical Committee
D14 - Adhesives
Drafting Committee
D14.80 - Metal Bonding Adhesives
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM D2295-96 - Standard Test Method for Strength Properties of Adhesives in Shear by Tension Loading at Elevated Temperatures (Metal-to-Metal)
Effective Date
10-Sep-1996
Replaced By
ASTM D2295-96(2008) - Standard Test Method for Strength Properties of Adhesives in Shear by Tension Loading at Elevated Temperatures (Metal-to-Metal)
Effective Date
01-Apr-2008
Referred By
ASTM D4896-01(2016) - Standard Guide for Use of Adhesive-Bonded Single Lap-Joint Specimen Test Results
Effective Date
10-Sep-1996
Referred By
ASTM D6465-99(2016) - Standard Guide for Selecting Aerospace and General Purpose Adhesives and Sealants
Effective Date
10-Sep-1996

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ASTM D2295-96(2002) - Standard Test Method for Strength Properties of Adhesives in Shear by Tension Loading at Elevated Temperatures (Metal-to-Metal)ASTM D2295-96(2002) - Standard Test Method for Strength Properties of Adhesives in Shear by Tension Loading at Elevated Temperatures (Metal-to-Metal)
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ASTM D2295-96(2002) - Standard Test Method for Strength Properties of Adhesives in Shear by Tension Loading at Elevated Temperatures (Metal-to-Metal)
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NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:D2295–96(Reapproved2002)
Standard Test Method for
Strength Properties of Adhesives in Shear by Tension
1
Loading at Elevated Temperatures (Metal-to-Metal)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 2295; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 4. Significance and Use
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the com- 4.1 Comparative strength of adhesive bonds at elevated
parative shear strengths of adhesives for bonding metals when temperatures allows for better selection of adhesives that must
testedonastandardspecimenandunderspecifiedconditionsof perform at temperatures above normal. This test method is
preparation and testing at elevated temperatures. useful in supplying such information.
1.2 This test method is applicable to the temperature range
5. Apparatus
from 315 to 850°C (600 to 1500°F).
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the 5.1 Testing Machine,conformingtotherequirementsofTest
Method D 638. Use pin-type grips as shown in Fig. 1 to hold
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
only. the test specimen.
5.2 Heating Equipment, consisting of a radiant heat source,
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the backed by a high-efficiency reflector for the purpose of
obtaining the desired heat flux. A suitable lamp arrangement
responsibility of the user of this standard to consult and
6
establish appropriate safety and health practices and deter- for heating a specimen is shown in Fig. 2.
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
6. Test Specimens
2. Referenced Documents
6.1 Cut test specimens from panels shown in Fig. 3(a).
These test specimens’ form and dimensions are shown in Fig.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
A 167 Specification for Stainless and Heat-Resisting 3(b). The specimens are similar to the tension lap shear
2
Chromium-Nickel Steel Plate, Sheet, and Strip specimen described in Fig. 1 of Test Method D 1002, except
3
that pin-type grips are used.
D 638 Test Method for Tensile Properties of Plastics
4
D 907 Terminology of Adhesives 6.2 Base the selection of materials on the test temperature
range. The following grades of steel are recommended, al-
D 1002 Test Method forApparent Shear Strength of Single-
Lap-Joint Adhesively Bonded Metal Specimens by Ten- though use of other types of heat-resistant steel is permitted:
4
sion Loading (Metal-to-Metal) Metal Designation
Steel, corrosion-resistant (18-8) plate, sheet, and A 167, Type 302
2.2 Military Specifications:
strip
5
MIL-S-25043 Steel Plate, Sheet, and Strip
Steel plate, sheet, and strip 17-7PH, TH 1050, cor- MIL-S-25043
rosion-resistant, precipitation hardened
3. Terminology
The nominal thickness for the sheet 1.270 mm (0.050 in.).
3.1 Many terms in this test method are defined in Terminol-
ogy D 907.
7. Preparation of Test Specimens
7.1 Cut test specimens as shown in Fig. 3(b) to dimensions
from the test panel. Measure the width of the specimen and the
length of the overlap to the nearest 0.25 mm (0.01 in.).
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D14 on
7.2 Prepare test specimens by bonding individual strips as
Adhesives and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D14.80 on Metal
Bonding Adhesives.
shown in Fig. 3(b). Machine unbonded individual strips to size
Current edition approved Sept. 10, 1996. Published November 1996. Originally
and free from burrs or other irregularities.
published as D 2295 – 64 T. Last previous edition D 2295 – 92.
2
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 01.03.
3
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 08.01.
4 6
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 15.06. The General Electric 100 T3/CL tubular quartz lamp has been found suitable
5
Available from Standardization Documents Order Desk, DODSSP, Bldg. 4, for this purpose. A lamp-reflector combination suitable for this purpose may be
Section D, 700 Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5098 obtained from Research, Inc., Northfield, MN.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D2295–96 (2002)
(a)(b)
FIG. 3 Form and Dimension of Bonded Panel and Test Specimen
FIG. 1 Specimen Holder
FIG. 2 Heat Lamp Arrangement
FIG. 4 Thermocouple Location
7.3 Uniformly coat both sides of the dummy and test
8.4.1 Allow no slack in the test fixture just prior to applying
specimens with carbon black as shown in Fig. 3(b).
load. If a preload is used, do not exceed 345 kPa
...

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4.1 Creep data that are obtained over a relatively short period of time in this test method can provide a measure of an adhesive bond's ability to withstand static loading in shear over a relatively long period of time. Creep measurements are made over a range of expected service conditions, including level of stress, temperature, relative humidity, and duration of load. Creep rate, creep strain, and creep modulus are calculated at the various service conditions.  
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SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of time-dependent properties of structural adhesives in wood-to-wood bonds when specimens are subjected to shearing stresses at various levels of static load, constant temperature, and relative humidity. Apparatus and procedures are provided for direct measurement of time-dependent shear deformation (creep) and time to failure of adhesive bonds under static load. Guidelines for selecting test conditions, methods for calculating creep rate, creep strain, creep modulus, and extrapolation of time to failure, are given along with methods of presenting these data.  
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4.1 Tension tests provide reasonably accurate information with regard to the tensile strength of adhesives. Tensile strength data may be suitable for specification acceptance, service evaluation, manufacturing control, research, and development. Tension tests are not considered significant for applications differing from the test in rate, direction, and type of loading.
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5.1 This test method provides reasonably accurate information with regard to the determination of the securing or locking effect of adhesives used in threaded fasteners. This test method may also be used to determine the degree of cure and the effect of environment on torque strength.  
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SCOPE
1.1 This test method is used to make comparative assessments of the securing or locking effect of adhesives used in threaded assemblies.  
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5.1 This test method is designed for obtaining a qualitative estimate of the compatibility of plastics and adhesives. Due to the many process variables associated with the fabrication of plastic parts, it is not possible to use this test as a substitute for compatibility tests on actual parts.  
5.2 The detection of cracks or crazes may be determined with or without optical aid. Make comparisons only among tests employing crack detection methods of equivalent sensitivity.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method describes a procedure for determining the compatibility of adhesives with plastics based on whether the adhesive causes cracking of stressed samples.  
1.2 Specimen configurations and test fixture designs are given.  
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1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The inch-pound units given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
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Standard Terminology of Adhesives

SCOPE
1.1 This terminology standard is a compilation of definitions used in the science and technology of the adhesives industry. Terms that are generally understood or adequately defined in other readily available sources are not included.  
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1.2.1 Appendix X1 gives a history of revisions made since 1988. Table X1.1 lists the terms that are affected as: (1) Terms Added, (2) Terms Revised, and (3) Terms Deleted.
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1.2.4 Any special circumstances not covered by 1.2.2 and 1.2.3 are documented in Table X1.1, suitably footnoted.  
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