ASTM D1442-00

Standard Test Method for Maturity of Cotton Fibers (Sodium Hydroxide Swelling and Polarized Light Procedures)

SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the percentage of mature fibers in a sample of loose, chemically untreated cotton fibers, whether taken before processing or unraveled from a textile product.
1.2 This test method gives two optional procedures for determining maturity, as follows:
1.2.1 Procedure 1--Sodium Hydroxide Swelling.
1.2.2 Procedure 2--Polarized Light.
Note 1--For other test methods for the determination of maturity of cotton fibers refer to Test Methods D1464 and D2480.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measure are included in this standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 09-Nov-2000
• ICS: 59.060.10 - Natural fibres
• Technical Committee: D13 - Textiles
• Drafting Committee: D13.11 - Cotton Fibers

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM D1442-93 - Standard Test Method for Maturity of Cotton Fibers (Sodium Hydroxide Swelling and Polarized Light Procedures)
• Effective Date: 10-Nov-2000
• Replaced By: ASTM D1442-06 - Standard Test Method for Maturity of Cotton Fibers (Sodium Hydroxide Swelling and Polarized Light Procedures)
• Effective Date: 01-Jun-2006
• Referred By: ASTM D1441-12(2020) - Standard Practice for Sampling Cotton Fibers for Testing
• Effective Date: 10-Nov-2000
• Referred By: ASTM D8394-21 - Standard Test Method for Automated Measurement of Maturity, Fineness, Ribbon Width, and Micronaire of Cotton Fibers
• Effective Date: 10-Nov-2000
• Referred By: ASTM D7139-20 - Standard Terminology for Cotton Fibers
• Effective Date: 10-Nov-2000

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
An American National Standard
Designation:D1442–00
Standard Test Method for
Maturity of Cotton Fibers (Sodium Hydroxide Swelling and
1
Polarized Light Procedures)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 1442; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope D 2480 Test Method for Maturity Index and Linear Density
4
of Cotton Fibers by the Causticaire Method
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the per-
centage of mature fibers in a sample of loose, chemically
3. Terminology
untreated cotton fibers, whether taken before processing or
3.1 Definitions:
unravelled from a textile product.
3.1.1 cotton fiber maturity, n—the degree of fiber wall
1.2 This test method gives two optional procedures for
development; the ratio of fiber wall width to lumen width.
determining maturity, as follows:
3.1.1.1 Discussion—When cotton fibers are treated with a
1.2.1 Procedure 1—Sodium Hydroxide Swelling.
sodium hydroxide solution, mature fibers have a total wall
1.2.2 Procedure 2—Polarized Light.
width equal to or greater than the lumen width, and immature
NOTE 1—For other test methods for the determination of maturity of
fibers have a total wall width less than the lumen width.
cotton fibers refer to Test Methods D 1464 and D 2480.
3.1.2 immature fibers, n—in testing with sodium hydroxide
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
solutions, fibers that have either swollen and assumed a spiral
standard. No other units of measure are included in this
form, or remained flat, thinly outlined, and almost transparent
standard.
with total wall width less than the lumen width.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
3.1.2.1 Discussion—See Fig. 1 and Fig. 2.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
3.1.3 immature fiber, n—observed under polarized light,
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
fibers that appear purple, indigo, or blue that turn orange or
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
yellow-orange upon rotation to the subtractive position and
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
show parallel extinction upon removal of the selenite plate.
3.1.3.1 Discussion—See Table 1.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
A
TABLE 1 Colors of Cotton Fibers Viewed with Polarized Light
2
D 123 Terminology Relating to Textiles
Without Selenite Plate With Selentite Plate
D 1440 Test Method for Length and Length Distribution of
Fiber Subtractive
Additive Colors
2
Classification First Order Colors
Cotton Fibers (Array Method)
Second Order First Order
D 1442 Test Method for Maturity of Cotton Fibers (Sodium
Mature light yellow yellow light yellow
2
Hydroxide Swelling and Polarized Light Procedures)
white green yellow
Immature gray-blue blue orange-yellow
D 1447 Test Method for Length and Length Uniformity of
gray purple orange
2
Cotton Fibers by Fibrograph Measurement
A
Classified according to Mary Anna Grimes, “Polarized Light Preferred for
D 1464 Test Method for Differential Dyeing Behavior of
Maturity Tests,” Textile World, February, 1945.
2
Cotton
D 1769 Test Method for Linear Density of Cotton Fibers
3
3.1.4 lumen, n—in vegetable fibers, the central canal of the
(Array Sample)
2
fiber.
D 1776 Practice for Conditioning Textiles for Testing
3.1.5 mature fibers, n—in testing with sodium hydroxide
solutions, fibers that have swollen into unconvoluted and
1
ThistestmethodisunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeD13onTextiles,
almost rod-like shapes where total wall width is equal to or
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D13.11 on Cotton Fibers.
greater than the lumen width.
Current edition approved Nov. 10, 2000. Published February 2001. Originally
published as D 1442 – 52 T. Last previous edition D 1442 – 93.
2
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 07.01.
3 4
Discontinued 1988; see 1987 Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 07.01. Discontinued 1992; see 1991 Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 07.01.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
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D1442–00
FIG. 1 Mature Fiber
FIG. 2 Immature Fiber (Type A)
medium and a laboratory microscope for viewing the fibers at
3.1.5.1 Discussion—See Fig. 3.
a magnification of 4003.
3.1.6 mature fibers,n—observed under polarized light, fi-
4.2.2 Procedure 2, Polarized Light, which uses water or
bers that appear yellow, yellow-green, or green and are yellow
clear mineral oil as the mounting medium and requires a
or light yellow upon rotation to the subt
...