ASTM C401-91(2005)
(Classification)Standard Classification of Alumina and Alumina-Silicate Castable Refractories
Standard Classification of Alumina and Alumina-Silicate Castable Refractories
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Alumina and alumina-silicate castable refractories are produced to yield property characteristics commensurate with different end use properties. Volume stability, modulus of rupture, bulk density, and lime content have become useful measures to distinguish various alumina and alumina-silicate castable formulations for initial fitness for service. This classification is considered useful for purchase specifications and for quality control.
SCOPE
1.1 This classification covers alumina and alumina-silicate castable refractories that, when tempered with water, will develop structural strength by chemical action.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation: C401 – 91 (Reapproved 2005)
Standard Classification of
Alumina and Alumina-Silicate Castable Refractories
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C401; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope different end use properties. Volume stability, modulus of
rupture, bulk density, and lime content have become useful
1.1 This classification covers alumina and alumina-silicate
measures to distinguish various alumina and alumina-silicate
castable refractories that, when tempered with water, will
castable formulations for initial fitness for service. This clas-
develop structural strength by chemical action.
sification is considered useful for purchase specifications and
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
for quality control.
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
4. Basis of Classification
and are not considered standard.
4.1 Regular Castable Refractories—This class includes
1.3 This standard does not purport to address the safety
alumina and alumino-silicate castable refractories which con-
concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
tain hydraulic-setting cement and which have a total lime
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and
(CaO) content greater than 2.5 % on a calcined basis. Under
health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
this class, castables having a modulus of rupture after drying of
limitations prior to use.
at least 300 psi (2.07 MPa) are normal-strength, and those
2. Referenced Documents having at least 600 psi (4.14 MPa) modulus of rupture are
high-strength types. They are further classified on the basis of
2.1 ASTM Standards:
volume stability of cast test brick when fired at the tempera-
C113 Test Method for Reheat Change of Refractory Brick
tures prescribed in Table 1.
C133 Test Methods for Cold Crushing Strength and Modu-
4.2 Low-Cement Castable Refractories—This class in-
lus of Rupture of Refractories
cludesaluminaandalumino-silicatecastablerefractorieswhich
C134 Test Methods for Size, Dimensional Measurements,
contain hydraulic-setting cement and which have a total lime
and Bulk Density of Refractory Brick and Insulating
(CaO) content of greater than 1.0 to 2.5 % on a calcined basis.
Firebrick
4.3 Ultra-Low Cement Castable Refractories—This class
C862 Practice for Preparing Refractory Concrete Speci-
includes alumina and alumino-silicate castable refractories
mens by Casting
which contain hydraulic-setting cement and which have a total
C865 Practice for Firing Refractory Concrete Specimens
lime (CaO) content of greater than 0.2 to 1.0 % on a calcined
3. Significance and Use
basis.
4.4 No-CementCastableRefractories—Thisclassincludes
3.1 Alumina and alumina-silicate castable refractories are
aluminaandalumino-silicatecastablerefractorieswhichdonot
produced to yield property characteristics commensurate with
contain hydraulic-setting cement and in which the bonding
agent(s) contribute no significant amount of lime (CaO). The
This classification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C08 on
product might contain up to 0.2 % total lime (CaO) on a
Refractories and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C08.92, The Joseph E.
calcined basis as contributed by the aggregate.
Kopanda Subcommittee for Editorial, Terminology and Classification.
4.5 Insulating Castable Refractories—This class includes
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2005. Published January 2006. Originally
approved in 1957. Last previous edition approved in 2000 as C401 – 91 (2000).
insulating castable refractories which are classified on the basis
DOI: 10.1520/C0401-91R05.
of bulk density of dried cast test brick and volume stability of
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org,
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